Beispiel #1
0
    def asym_bsgs(self, hermitian):
        """
        Return minimal base and strong generating set for antisymmetric indices.
        :param hermitian: upper and lower indices can be swapped if True
        :return: a tuple of (base, strong generating set)
        """
        if not hermitian:
            u_base, u_gens = get_symmetric_group_sgs(self.n_upper, 1)
            l_base, l_gens = get_symmetric_group_sgs(self.n_lower, 1)
            return bsgs_direct_product(u_base, u_gens, l_base, l_gens)

        if self.n_upper != self.n_lower:
            raise ValueError(f"{self} cannot be Hermitian.")

        upper = list(range(self.n_upper))
        lower = list(range(self.n_upper, self.size))
        sign = [self.size, self.size + 1]

        perms = [
            Permutation(i, j)(sign[0], sign[1])
            for i, j in zip(upper[:-1], upper[1:])
        ]
        perms += [
            Permutation(i, j)(sign[0], sign[1])
            for i, j in zip(lower[:-1], lower[1:])
        ]

        p = list(range(self.size + 2))
        for i, j in zip(upper, lower):
            p[i] = j
            p[j] = i
        perms.append(Permutation(p))

        asymmetric = PermutationGroup(*perms)
        asymmetric.schreier_sims()
        return get_minimal_bsgs(asymmetric.base, asymmetric.strong_gens)
Beispiel #2
0
def test_riemann_products():
    baser, gensr = riemann_bsgs
    base1, gens1 = get_symmetric_group_sgs(1)
    base2, gens2 = get_symmetric_group_sgs(2)
    base2a, gens2a = get_symmetric_group_sgs(2, 1)

    # R^{a b d0}_d0 = 0
    g = Permutation([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(2, 4)), 0, (baser, gensr, 1, 0))
    assert can == 0

    # R^{d0 b a}_d0 ; ord = [a,b,d0,-d0}; g = [2,1,0,3,4,5]
    # T_c = -R^{a d0 b}_d0;  can = [0,2,1,3,5,4]
    g = Permutation([2, 1, 0, 3, 4, 5])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(2, 4)), 0, (baser, gensr, 1, 0))
    assert can == [0, 2, 1, 3, 5, 4]

    # R^d1_d2^b_d0 * R^{d0 a}_d1^d2; ord=[a,b,d0,-d0,d1,-d1,d2,-d2]
    # g = [4,7,1,3,2,0,5,6,8,9]
    # T_c = -R^{a d0 d1 d2}* R^b_{d0 d1 d2}
    # can = [0,2,4,6,1,3,5,7,9,8]
    g = Permutation([4, 7, 1, 3, 2, 0, 5, 6, 8, 9])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(2, 8)), 0, (baser, gensr, 2, 0))
    assert can == [0, 2, 4, 6, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 8]
    can1 = canonicalize_naive(g, list(range(2, 8)), 0, (baser, gensr, 2, 0))
    assert can == can1

    # A symmetric commuting
    # R^{d6 d5}_d2^d1 * R^{d4 d0 d2 d3} * A_{d6 d0} A_{d3 d1} * A_{d4 d5}
    # g = [12,10,5,2, 8,0,4,6, 13,1, 7,3, 9,11,14,15]
    # T_c = -R^{d0 d1 d2 d3} * R_d0^{d4 d5 d6} * A_{d1 d4}*A_{d2 d5}*A_{d3 d6}

    g = Permutation([12, 10, 5, 2, 8, 0, 4, 6, 13, 1, 7, 3, 9, 11, 14, 15])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(14)), 0, ((baser, gensr, 2, 0)),
                       (base2, gens2, 3, 0))
    assert can == [0, 2, 4, 6, 1, 8, 10, 12, 3, 9, 5, 11, 7, 13, 15, 14]

    # R^{d2 a0 a2 d0} * R^d1_d2^{a1 a3} * R^{a4 a5}_{d0 d1}
    # ord = [a0,a1,a2,a3,a4,a5,d0,-d0,d1,-d1,d2,-d2]
    #         0  1  2  3 4  5  6   7  8   9  10  11
    # can = [0, 6, 2, 8, 1, 3, 7, 10, 4, 5, 9, 11, 12, 13]
    # T_c = R^{a0 d0 a2 d1}*R^{a1 a3}_d0^d2*R^{a4 a5}_{d1 d2}
    g = Permutation([10, 0, 2, 6, 8, 11, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 12, 13])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(6, 12)), 0, (baser, gensr, 3, 0))
    assert can == [0, 6, 2, 8, 1, 3, 7, 10, 4, 5, 9, 11, 12, 13]
    #can1 = canonicalize_naive(g, list(range(6,12)), 0, (baser, gensr, 3, 0))
    #assert can == can1

    # A^n_{i, j} antisymmetric in i,j
    # A_m0^d0_a1 * A_m1^a0_d0; ord = [m0,m1,a0,a1,d0,-d0]
    # g = [0,4,3,1,2,5,6,7]
    # T_c = -A_{m a1}^d0 * A_m1^a0_d0
    # can = [0,3,4,1,2,5,7,6]
    base, gens = bsgs_direct_product(base1, gens1, base2a, gens2a)
    dummies = list(range(4, 6))
    g = Permutation([0, 4, 3, 1, 2, 5, 6, 7])
    can = canonicalize(g, dummies, 0, (base, gens, 2, 0))
    assert can == [0, 3, 4, 1, 2, 5, 7, 6]

    # A^n_{i, j} symmetric in i,j
    # A^m0_a0^d2 * A^n0_d2^d1 * A^n1_d1^d0 * A_{m0 d0}^a1
    # ordering: first the free indices; then first n, then d
    # ord=[n0,n1,a0,a1, m0,-m0,d0,-d0,d1,-d1,d2,-d2]
    #      0  1   2  3   4  5  6   7  8   9  10  11]
    # g = [4,2,10, 0,11,8, 1,9,6, 5,7,3, 12,13]
    # if the dummy indices m_i and d_i were separated,
    # one gets
    # T_c = A^{n0 d0 d1} * A^n1_d0^d2 * A^m0^a0_d1 * A_m0^a1_d2
    # can = [0, 6, 8, 1, 7, 10, 4, 2, 9, 5, 3, 11, 12, 13]
    # If they are not, so can is
    # T_c = A^{n0 m0 d0} A^n1_m0^d1 A^{d2 a0}_d0 A_d2^a1_d1
    # can = [0, 4, 6, 1, 5, 8, 10, 2, 7, 11, 3, 9, 12, 13]
    # case with single type of indices

    base, gens = bsgs_direct_product(base1, gens1, base2, gens2)
    dummies = list(range(4, 12))
    g = Permutation([4, 2, 10, 0, 11, 8, 1, 9, 6, 5, 7, 3, 12, 13])
    can = canonicalize(g, dummies, 0, (base, gens, 4, 0))
    assert can == [0, 4, 6, 1, 5, 8, 10, 2, 7, 11, 3, 9, 12, 13]
    # case with separated indices
    dummies = [list(range(4, 6)), list(range(6, 12))]
    sym = [0, 0]
    can = canonicalize(g, dummies, sym, (base, gens, 4, 0))
    assert can == [0, 6, 8, 1, 7, 10, 4, 2, 9, 5, 3, 11, 12, 13]
    # case with separated indices with the second type of index
    # with antisymmetric metric: there is a sign change
    sym = [0, 1]
    can = canonicalize(g, dummies, sym, (base, gens, 4, 0))
    assert can == [0, 6, 8, 1, 7, 10, 4, 2, 9, 5, 3, 11, 13, 12]
Beispiel #3
0
def test_canonicalize1():
    base1, gens1 = get_symmetric_group_sgs(1)
    base1a, gens1a = get_symmetric_group_sgs(1, 1)
    base2, gens2 = get_symmetric_group_sgs(2)
    base3, gens3 = get_symmetric_group_sgs(3)
    base2a, gens2a = get_symmetric_group_sgs(2, 1)
    base3a, gens3a = get_symmetric_group_sgs(3, 1)

    # A_d0*A^d0; ord = [d0,-d0]; g = [1,0,2,3]
    # T_c = A^d0*A_d0; can = [0,1,2,3]
    g = Permutation([1, 0, 2, 3])
    can = canonicalize(g, [0, 1], 0, (base1, gens1, 2, 0))
    assert can == list(range(4))

    # A commuting
    # A_d0*A_d1*A_d2*A^d2*A^d1*A^d0; ord=[d0,-d0,d1,-d1,d2,-d2]
    # g = [1,3,5,4,2,0,6,7]
    # T_c = A^d0*A_d0*A^d1*A_d1*A^d2*A_d2; can = list(range(8))
    g = Permutation([1, 3, 5, 4, 2, 0, 6, 7])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(6)), 0, (base1, gens1, 6, 0))
    assert can == list(range(8))

    # A anticommuting
    # A_d0*A_d1*A_d2*A^d2*A^d1*A^d0; ord=[d0,-d0,d1,-d1,d2,-d2]
    # g = [1,3,5,4,2,0,6,7]
    # T_c 0;  can = 0
    g = Permutation([1, 3, 5, 4, 2, 0, 6, 7])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(6)), 0, (base1, gens1, 6, 1))
    assert can == 0
    can1 = canonicalize_naive(g, list(range(6)), 0, (base1, gens1, 6, 1))
    assert can1 == 0

    # A commuting symmetric
    # A^{d0 b}*A^a_d1*A^d1_d0; ord=[a,b,d0,-d0,d1,-d1]
    # g = [2,1,0,5,4,3,6,7]
    # T_c = A^{a d0}*A^{b d1}*A_{d0 d1}; can = [0,2,1,4,3,5,6,7]
    g = Permutation([2, 1, 0, 5, 4, 3, 6, 7])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(2, 6)), 0, (base2, gens2, 3, 0))
    assert can == [0, 2, 1, 4, 3, 5, 6, 7]

    # A, B commuting symmetric
    # A^{d0 b}*A^d1_d0*B^a_d1; ord=[a,b,d0,-d0,d1,-d1]
    # g = [2,1,4,3,0,5,6,7]
    # T_c = A^{b d0}*A_d0^d1*B^a_d1; can = [1,2,3,4,0,5,6,7]
    g = Permutation([2, 1, 4, 3, 0, 5, 6, 7])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(2, 6)), 0, (base2, gens2, 2, 0),
                       (base2, gens2, 1, 0))
    assert can == [1, 2, 3, 4, 0, 5, 6, 7]

    # A commuting symmetric
    # A^{d1 d0 b}*A^{a}_{d1 d0}; ord=[a,b, d0,-d0,d1,-d1]
    # g = [4,2,1,0,5,3,6,7]
    # T_c = A^{a d0 d1}*A^{b}_{d0 d1}; can = [0,2,4,1,3,5,6,7]
    g = Permutation([4, 2, 1, 0, 5, 3, 6, 7])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(2, 6)), 0, (base3, gens3, 2, 0))
    assert can == [0, 2, 4, 1, 3, 5, 6, 7]

    # A^{d3 d0 d2}*A^a0_{d1 d2}*A^d1_d3^a1*A^{a2 a3}_d0
    # ord = [a0,a1,a2,a3,d0,-d0,d1,-d1,d2,-d2,d3,-d3]
    #        0   1  2  3  4  5  6   7  8   9  10  11
    # g = [10,4,8, 0,7,9, 6,11,1, 2,3,5, 12,13]
    # T_c = A^{a0 d0 d1}*A^a1_d0^d2*A^{a2 a3 d3}*A_{d1 d2 d3}
    # can = [0,4,6, 1,5,8, 2,3,10, 7,9,11, 12,13]
    g = Permutation([10, 4, 8, 0, 7, 9, 6, 11, 1, 2, 3, 5, 12, 13])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(4, 12)), 0, (base3, gens3, 4, 0))
    assert can == [0, 4, 6, 1, 5, 8, 2, 3, 10, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13]

    # A commuting symmetric, B antisymmetric
    # A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d2 d3 d1} * B_d0^d3
    # ord = [d0,-d0,d1,-d1,d2,-d2,d3,-d3]
    # g = [0,2,4,5,7,3,1,6,8,9]
    # in this esxample and in the next three,
    # renaming dummy indices and using symmetry of A,
    # T = A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d0 d1 d3} * B_d2^d3
    # can = 0
    g = Permutation([0, 2, 4, 5, 7, 3, 1, 6, 8, 9])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(8)), 0, (base3, gens3, 2, 0),
                       (base2a, gens2a, 1, 0))
    assert can == 0
    # A anticommuting symmetric, B anticommuting
    # A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d2 d3 d1} * B_d0^d3
    # T_c = A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d0 d1}^d3 * B_{d2 d3}
    # can = [0,2,4, 1,3,6, 5,7, 8,9]
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(8)), 0, (base3, gens3, 2, 1),
                       (base2a, gens2a, 1, 0))
    assert can == [0, 2, 4, 1, 3, 6, 5, 7, 8, 9]
    # A anticommuting symmetric, B antisymmetric commuting, antisymmetric metric
    # A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d2 d3 d1} * B_d0^d3
    # T_c = -A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d0 d1}^d3 * B_{d2 d3}
    # can = [0,2,4, 1,3,6, 5,7, 9,8]
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(8)), 1, (base3, gens3, 2, 1),
                       (base2a, gens2a, 1, 0))
    assert can == [0, 2, 4, 1, 3, 6, 5, 7, 9, 8]

    # A anticommuting symmetric, B anticommuting anticommuting,
    # no metric symmetry
    # A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d2 d3 d1} * B_d0^d3
    # T_c = A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d0 d1 d3} * B_d2^d3
    # can = [0,2,4, 1,3,7, 5,6, 8,9]
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(8)), None, (base3, gens3, 2, 1),
                       (base2a, gens2a, 1, 0))
    assert can == [0, 2, 4, 1, 3, 7, 5, 6, 8, 9]

    # Gamma anticommuting
    # Gamma_{mu nu} * gamma^rho * Gamma^{nu mu alpha}
    # ord = [alpha, rho, mu,-mu,nu,-nu]
    # g = [3,5,1,4,2,0,6,7]
    # T_c = -Gamma^{mu nu} * gamma^rho * Gamma_{alpha mu nu}
    # can = [2,4,1,0,3,5,7,6]]
    g = Permutation([3, 5, 1, 4, 2, 0, 6, 7])
    t0 = (base2a, gens2a, 1, None)
    t1 = (base1, gens1, 1, None)
    t2 = (base3a, gens3a, 1, None)
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(2, 6)), 0, t0, t1, t2)
    assert can == [2, 4, 1, 0, 3, 5, 7, 6]

    # Gamma_{mu nu} * Gamma^{gamma beta} * gamma_rho * Gamma^{nu mu alpha}
    # ord = [alpha, beta, gamma, -rho, mu,-mu,nu,-nu]
    #         0      1      2     3    4   5   6  7
    # g = [5,7,2,1,3,6,4,0,8,9]
    # T_c = Gamma^{mu nu} * Gamma^{beta gamma} * gamma_rho * Gamma^alpha_{mu nu}    # can = [4,6,1,2,3,0,5,7,8,9]
    t0 = (base2a, gens2a, 2, None)
    g = Permutation([5, 7, 2, 1, 3, 6, 4, 0, 8, 9])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(4, 8)), 0, t0, t1, t2)
    assert can == [4, 6, 1, 2, 3, 0, 5, 7, 8, 9]

    # f^a_{b,c} antisymmetric in b,c; A_mu^a no symmetry
    # f^c_{d a} * f_{c e b} * A_mu^d * A_nu^a * A^{nu e} * A^{mu b}
    # ord = [mu,-mu,nu,-nu,a,-a,b,-b,c,-c,d,-d, e, -e]
    #         0  1  2   3  4  5 6  7 8  9 10 11 12 13
    # g = [8,11,5, 9,13,7, 1,10, 3,4, 2,12, 0,6, 14,15]
    # T_c = -f^{a b c} * f_a^{d e} * A^mu_b * A_{mu d} * A^nu_c * A_{nu e}
    # can = [4,6,8,       5,10,12,   0,7,     1,11,       2,9,    3,13, 15,14]
    g = Permutation([8, 11, 5, 9, 13, 7, 1, 10, 3, 4, 2, 12, 0, 6, 14, 15])
    base_f, gens_f = bsgs_direct_product(base1, gens1, base2a, gens2a)
    base_A, gens_A = bsgs_direct_product(base1, gens1, base1, gens1)
    t0 = (base_f, gens_f, 2, 0)
    t1 = (base_A, gens_A, 4, 0)
    can = canonicalize(g, [list(range(4)), list(range(4, 14))], [0, 0], t0, t1)
    assert can == [4, 6, 8, 5, 10, 12, 0, 7, 1, 11, 2, 9, 3, 13, 15, 14]
def test_riemann_products():
    baser, gensr = riemann_bsgs
    base1, gens1 = get_symmetric_group_sgs(1)
    base2, gens2 = get_symmetric_group_sgs(2)
    base2a, gens2a = get_symmetric_group_sgs(2, 1)

    # R^{a b d0}_d0 = 0
    g = Permutation([0,1,2,3,4,5])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(2,4)), 0, (baser, gensr, 1, 0))
    assert can == 0

    # R^{d0 b a}_d0 ; ord = [a,b,d0,-d0}; g = [2,1,0,3,4,5]
    # T_c = -R^{a d0 b}_d0;  can = [0,2,1,3,5,4]
    g = Permutation([2,1,0,3,4,5])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(2, 4)), 0, (baser, gensr, 1, 0))
    assert can == [0,2,1,3,5,4]

    # R^d1_d2^b_d0 * R^{d0 a}_d1^d2; ord=[a,b,d0,-d0,d1,-d1,d2,-d2]
    # g = [4,7,1,3,2,0,5,6,8,9]
    # T_c = -R^{a d0 d1 d2}* R^b_{d0 d1 d2}
    # can = [0,2,4,6,1,3,5,7,9,8]
    g = Permutation([4,7,1,3,2,0,5,6,8,9])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(2,8)), 0, (baser, gensr, 2, 0))
    assert can == [0,2,4,6,1,3,5,7,9,8]
    can1 = canonicalize_naive(g, list(range(2,8)), 0, (baser, gensr, 2, 0))
    assert can == can1

    # A symmetric commuting
    # R^{d6 d5}_d2^d1 * R^{d4 d0 d2 d3} * A_{d6 d0} A_{d3 d1} * A_{d4 d5}
    # g = [12,10,5,2, 8,0,4,6, 13,1, 7,3, 9,11,14,15]
    # T_c = -R^{d0 d1 d2 d3} * R_d0^{d4 d5 d6} * A_{d1 d4}*A_{d2 d5}*A_{d3 d6}

    g = Permutation([12,10,5,2,8,0,4,6,13,1,7,3,9,11,14,15])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(14)), 0, ((baser,gensr,2,0)), (base2,gens2,3,0))
    assert can == [0, 2, 4, 6, 1, 8, 10, 12, 3, 9, 5, 11, 7, 13, 15, 14]

    # R^{d2 a0 a2 d0} * R^d1_d2^{a1 a3} * R^{a4 a5}_{d0 d1}
    # ord = [a0,a1,a2,a3,a4,a5,d0,-d0,d1,-d1,d2,-d2]
    #         0  1  2  3 4  5  6   7  8   9  10  11
    # can = [0, 6, 2, 8, 1, 3, 7, 10, 4, 5, 9, 11, 12, 13]
    # T_c = R^{a0 d0 a2 d1}*R^{a1 a3}_d0^d2*R^{a4 a5}_{d1 d2}
    g = Permutation([10,0,2,6,8,11,1,3,4,5,7,9,12,13])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(6,12)), 0, (baser, gensr, 3, 0))
    assert can == [0, 6, 2, 8, 1, 3, 7, 10, 4, 5, 9, 11, 12, 13]
    #can1 = canonicalize_naive(g, list(range(6,12)), 0, (baser, gensr, 3, 0))
    #assert can == can1

    # A^n_{i, j} antisymmetric in i,j
    # A_m0^d0_a1 * A_m1^a0_d0; ord = [m0,m1,a0,a1,d0,-d0]
    # g = [0,4,3,1,2,5,6,7]
    # T_c = -A_{m a1}^d0 * A_m1^a0_d0
    # can = [0,3,4,1,2,5,7,6]
    base, gens = bsgs_direct_product(base1, gens1, base2a, gens2a)
    dummies = list(range(4, 6))
    g = Permutation([0,4,3,1,2,5,6,7])
    can = canonicalize(g, dummies, 0, (base, gens, 2, 0))
    assert can == [0, 3, 4, 1, 2, 5, 7, 6]


    # A^n_{i, j} symmetric in i,j
    # A^m0_a0^d2 * A^n0_d2^d1 * A^n1_d1^d0 * A_{m0 d0}^a1
    # ordering: first the free indices; then first n, then d
    # ord=[n0,n1,a0,a1, m0,-m0,d0,-d0,d1,-d1,d2,-d2]
    #      0  1   2  3   4  5  6   7  8   9  10  11]
    # g = [4,2,10, 0,11,8, 1,9,6, 5,7,3, 12,13]
    # if the dummy indices m_i and d_i were separated,
    # one gets
    # T_c = A^{n0 d0 d1} * A^n1_d0^d2 * A^m0^a0_d1 * A_m0^a1_d2
    # can = [0, 6, 8, 1, 7, 10, 4, 2, 9, 5, 3, 11, 12, 13]
    # If they are not, so can is
    # T_c = A^{n0 m0 d0} A^n1_m0^d1 A^{d2 a0}_d0 A_d2^a1_d1
    # can = [0, 4, 6, 1, 5, 8, 10, 2, 7, 11, 3, 9, 12, 13]
    # case with single type of indices

    base, gens = bsgs_direct_product(base1, gens1, base2, gens2)
    dummies = list(range(4, 12))
    g = Permutation([4,2,10, 0,11,8, 1,9,6, 5,7,3, 12,13])
    can = canonicalize(g, dummies, 0, (base, gens, 4, 0))
    assert can == [0, 4, 6, 1, 5, 8, 10, 2, 7, 11, 3, 9, 12, 13]
    # case with separated indices
    dummies = [list(range(4, 6)), list(range(6,12))]
    sym = [0, 0]
    can = canonicalize(g, dummies, sym, (base, gens, 4, 0))
    assert can == [0, 6, 8, 1, 7, 10, 4, 2, 9, 5, 3, 11, 12, 13]
    # case with separated indices with the second type of index
    # with antisymmetric metric: there is a sign change
    sym = [0, 1]
    can = canonicalize(g, dummies, sym, (base, gens, 4, 0))
    assert can == [0, 6, 8, 1, 7, 10, 4, 2, 9, 5, 3, 11, 13, 12]
def test_canonicalize1():
    base1, gens1 = get_symmetric_group_sgs(1)
    base1a, gens1a = get_symmetric_group_sgs(1, 1)
    base2, gens2 = get_symmetric_group_sgs(2)
    base3, gens3 = get_symmetric_group_sgs(3)
    base2a, gens2a = get_symmetric_group_sgs(2, 1)
    base3a, gens3a = get_symmetric_group_sgs(3, 1)

    # A_d0*A^d0; ord = [d0,-d0]; g = [1,0,2,3]
    # T_c = A^d0*A_d0; can = [0,1,2,3]
    g = Permutation([1,0,2,3])
    can = canonicalize(g, [0, 1], 0, (base1, gens1, 2, 0))
    assert can == list(range(4))

    # A commuting
    # A_d0*A_d1*A_d2*A^d2*A^d1*A^d0; ord=[d0,-d0,d1,-d1,d2,-d2]
    # g = [1,3,5,4,2,0,6,7]
    # T_c = A^d0*A_d0*A^d1*A_d1*A^d2*A_d2; can = list(range(8))
    g = Permutation([1,3,5,4,2,0,6,7])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(6)), 0, (base1, gens1, 6, 0))
    assert can == list(range(8))

    # A anticommuting
    # A_d0*A_d1*A_d2*A^d2*A^d1*A^d0; ord=[d0,-d0,d1,-d1,d2,-d2]
    # g = [1,3,5,4,2,0,6,7]
    # T_c 0;  can = 0
    g = Permutation([1,3,5,4,2,0,6,7])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(6)), 0, (base1, gens1, 6, 1))
    assert can == 0
    can1 = canonicalize_naive(g, list(range(6)), 0, (base1, gens1, 6, 1))
    assert can1 == 0

    # A commuting symmetric
    # A^{d0 b}*A^a_d1*A^d1_d0; ord=[a,b,d0,-d0,d1,-d1]
    # g = [2,1,0,5,4,3,6,7]
    # T_c = A^{a d0}*A^{b d1}*A_{d0 d1}; can = [0,2,1,4,3,5,6,7]
    g = Permutation([2,1,0,5,4,3,6,7])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(2,6)), 0, (base2, gens2, 3, 0))
    assert can == [0,2,1,4,3,5,6,7]

    # A, B commuting symmetric
    # A^{d0 b}*A^d1_d0*B^a_d1; ord=[a,b,d0,-d0,d1,-d1]
    # g = [2,1,4,3,0,5,6,7]
    # T_c = A^{b d0}*A_d0^d1*B^a_d1; can = [1,2,3,4,0,5,6,7]
    g = Permutation([2,1,4,3,0,5,6,7])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(2,6)), 0, (base2,gens2,2,0), (base2,gens2,1,0))
    assert can == [1,2,3,4,0,5,6,7]

    # A commuting symmetric
    # A^{d1 d0 b}*A^{a}_{d1 d0}; ord=[a,b, d0,-d0,d1,-d1]
    # g = [4,2,1,0,5,3,6,7]
    # T_c = A^{a d0 d1}*A^{b}_{d0 d1}; can = [0,2,4,1,3,5,6,7]
    g = Permutation([4,2,1,0,5,3,6,7])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(2,6)), 0, (base3, gens3, 2, 0))
    assert can == [0,2,4,1,3,5,6,7]


    # A^{d3 d0 d2}*A^a0_{d1 d2}*A^d1_d3^a1*A^{a2 a3}_d0
    # ord = [a0,a1,a2,a3,d0,-d0,d1,-d1,d2,-d2,d3,-d3]
    #        0   1  2  3  4  5  6   7  8   9  10  11
    # g = [10,4,8, 0,7,9, 6,11,1, 2,3,5, 12,13]
    # T_c = A^{a0 d0 d1}*A^a1_d0^d2*A^{a2 a3 d3}*A_{d1 d2 d3}
    # can = [0,4,6, 1,5,8, 2,3,10, 7,9,11, 12,13]
    g = Permutation([10,4,8, 0,7,9, 6,11,1, 2,3,5, 12,13])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(4,12)), 0, (base3, gens3, 4, 0))
    assert can == [0,4,6, 1,5,8, 2,3,10, 7,9,11, 12,13]

    # A commuting symmetric, B antisymmetric
    # A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d2 d3 d1} * B_d0^d3
    # ord = [d0,-d0,d1,-d1,d2,-d2,d3,-d3]
    # g = [0,2,4,5,7,3,1,6,8,9]
    # in this esxample and in the next three,
    # renaming dummy indices and using symmetry of A,
    # T = A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d0 d1 d3} * B_d2^d3
    # can = 0
    g = Permutation([0,2,4,5,7,3,1,6,8,9])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(8)), 0, (base3, gens3,2,0), (base2a,gens2a,1,0))
    assert can == 0
    # A anticommuting symmetric, B anticommuting
    # A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d2 d3 d1} * B_d0^d3
    # T_c = A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d0 d1}^d3 * B_{d2 d3}
    # can = [0,2,4, 1,3,6, 5,7, 8,9]
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(8)), 0, (base3, gens3,2,1), (base2a,gens2a,1,0))
    assert can == [0,2,4, 1,3,6, 5,7, 8,9]
    # A anticommuting symmetric, B antisymmetric commuting, antisymmetric metric
    # A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d2 d3 d1} * B_d0^d3
    # T_c = -A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d0 d1}^d3 * B_{d2 d3}
    # can = [0,2,4, 1,3,6, 5,7, 9,8]
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(8)), 1, (base3, gens3,2,1), (base2a,gens2a,1,0))
    assert can == [0,2,4, 1,3,6, 5,7, 9,8]

    # A anticommuting symmetric, B anticommuting anticommuting,
    # no metric symmetry
    # A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d2 d3 d1} * B_d0^d3
    # T_c = A^{d0 d1 d2} * A_{d0 d1 d3} * B_d2^d3
    # can = [0,2,4, 1,3,7, 5,6, 8,9]
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(8)), None, (base3, gens3,2,1), (base2a,gens2a,1,0))
    assert can == [0,2,4,1,3,7,5,6,8,9]

    # Gamma anticommuting
    # Gamma_{mu nu} * gamma^rho * Gamma^{nu mu alpha}
    # ord = [alpha, rho, mu,-mu,nu,-nu]
    # g = [3,5,1,4,2,0,6,7]
    # T_c = -Gamma^{mu nu} * gamma^rho * Gamma_{alpha mu nu}
    # can = [2,4,1,0,3,5,7,6]]
    g = Permutation([3,5,1,4,2,0,6,7])
    t0 = (base2a, gens2a, 1, None)
    t1 = (base1, gens1, 1, None)
    t2 = (base3a, gens3a, 1, None)
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(2, 6)), 0, t0, t1, t2)
    assert can == [2,4,1,0,3,5,7,6]

    # Gamma_{mu nu} * Gamma^{gamma beta} * gamma_rho * Gamma^{nu mu alpha}
    # ord = [alpha, beta, gamma, -rho, mu,-mu,nu,-nu]
    #         0      1      2     3    4   5   6  7
    # g = [5,7,2,1,3,6,4,0,8,9]
    # T_c = Gamma^{mu nu} * Gamma^{beta gamma} * gamma_rho * Gamma^alpha_{mu nu}    # can = [4,6,1,2,3,0,5,7,8,9]
    t0 = (base2a, gens2a, 2, None)
    g = Permutation([5,7,2,1,3,6,4,0,8,9])
    can = canonicalize(g, list(range(4, 8)), 0, t0, t1, t2)
    assert can == [4,6,1,2,3,0,5,7,8,9]

    # f^a_{b,c} antisymmetric in b,c; A_mu^a no symmetry
    # f^c_{d a} * f_{c e b} * A_mu^d * A_nu^a * A^{nu e} * A^{mu b}
    # ord = [mu,-mu,nu,-nu,a,-a,b,-b,c,-c,d,-d, e, -e]
    #         0  1  2   3  4  5 6  7 8  9 10 11 12 13
    # g = [8,11,5, 9,13,7, 1,10, 3,4, 2,12, 0,6, 14,15]
    # T_c = -f^{a b c} * f_a^{d e} * A^mu_b * A_{mu d} * A^nu_c * A_{nu e}
    # can = [4,6,8,       5,10,12,   0,7,     1,11,       2,9,    3,13, 15,14]
    g = Permutation([8,11,5, 9,13,7, 1,10, 3,4, 2,12, 0,6, 14,15])
    base_f, gens_f = bsgs_direct_product(base1, gens1, base2a, gens2a)
    base_A, gens_A = bsgs_direct_product(base1, gens1, base1, gens1)
    t0 = (base_f, gens_f, 2, 0)
    t1 = (base_A, gens_A, 4, 0)
    can = canonicalize(g, [list(range(4)), list(range(4, 14))], [0, 0], t0, t1)
    assert can == [4,6,8, 5,10,12, 0,7, 1,11, 2,9, 3,13, 15,14]