RealCentroids plugin creates a point shape file with internal points of a polygon shape, similar to PostGIS (GEOS) ST_PointOnSurface. The point will be inside the polygon in all cases. Not only the points are created but the attributes are also copied from the polygons to the internal points. A single point is generated for multipart geometry. The internal pont will be in the part with the largest area.

• upgrade to QGIS 3.x
• moved to vector menu

Use the plugin manager or unzip the downloaded realcentroids.zip from the QGIS plugin repository (http://plugins.qgis.org/plugins/realcentroid) into yours plugins directory.

You can download the plugin from GitHub (https://github.com/zsiki/realcentroid), too.

Enable the plugin in the Plugins/Manage and Install Plugins ... dialog. Open the polygon layer you want to create centroids. Start the plugin clicking on the icon in the plugins toolbar or select it from the plugins menu. The following dialog appears

In the Polygon layer list you can select one from the loaded polygon layers. If the active layer is a polygon layer then it will be selected in the list. The Selected features only is enabled if there are selected features in the selected layer. Select a new shapefile for the output clicking on the Browse button, . If you select an existing shapefile, you get a warning weather to overwrite that shape. If you check Add to map canvas checkbox, the point shape with the internal points is added to the current project. The attributes of the polygons are also copied to the target point shape file. If Polygon layer or Output point on surface layer is empty, a warning will be displayed.

Why do we need such plugin? There is a Polygon centroids option in the Vector/Geometry Tools menu. This will create centroids at the weight point of the vertexes of the polygon. So it can be outside the polygon in a concave or multipart case. Realcentroid will place the point always inside the polygon. See figures below to compare the results of the two methods. From QGIS 2.4 the GEOS pointOnSurface function is available from Python/C++ API too, but the standard Polygon centroids tool doesn't use it. My plugin uses pointOnSurface function for QGIS version 2.4 and newer.

For each polygons the weight point is generated first. If the weight point is outside, the intersection of the horizontal line through the weight point and the polygon is generated. The midpoint of the longest line segment from thes intersection result will be used. See the figure below.

For multipart polygons the algorithm is used for the largest part.

In QGIS 2.4 and after the pointOnSurface (GEOS) function is used.

Thanks to Seal Phone, Jukka Rahkonen, ozak, pxp44, lokal-profi (github) giving advices, bug reports, pull requests to improve the plugin.