def test_data_non_bool_boolean_truefix():
testrows = [{
'_id': '1',
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': True
}, {
'_id': '2',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': '1'
}, {
'_id': '4',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': '2'
}, {
'_id': '5',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'True'
}, {
'_id': '6',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'true'
}, {
'_id': '7',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'Yes'
}, {
'_id': '8',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'YES'
}, {
'_id': '9',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'Y'
}, {
'_id': '10',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'y'
}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
for r in testrows:
assert r['ColBool'] == True
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_nonvalid_bool_boolean_fix():
testrows = [{'_id': '1', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool':True}, {'_id': '2', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'jello'}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
assert not('ColBool' in testrows[1])
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_valid_rows_fix():
refrows = [{
'_id': '1',
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': True
}, {
'_id': '2',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': False
}, {
'_id': '3'
}]
testrows = [{
'_id': '1',
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': True
}, {
'_id': '2',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': False
}, {
'_id': '3'
}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
assert testrows == refrows
def test_data_nonstring_id_fix():
testrows = [
{'_id': '1', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a', 'ColBool':True},
{'_id':2, 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool':False}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
assert testrows[1]['_id'] == '2'
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_read_csv_assign_id():
handle, filename = mkstemp()
refrows = [{
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': True
}, {
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': False
}, {}]
write_csv(refrows, filename, dialect=csv.excel)
testrows = read_csv(filename, dialect=csv.excel)
cschema = {
'ColInt': {
'type': 'count'
},
'ColFloat': {
'type': 'real'
},
'ColCat': {
'type': 'categorical'
},
'ColBool': {
'type': 'boolean'
}
}
clean_data(testrows, cschema)
assert len(testrows) == len(refrows)
for i in range(len(testrows)):
refrows[i]['_id'] = str(i + 1)
assert testrows[i] == refrows[i]
os.remove(filename)
def test_data_missing_id_fix():
testrows = [
{'_id': '1', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a', 'ColBool':True},
{'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool':False}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema, assign_ids=True)
assert testrows[0]['_id'] != testrows[1]['_id']
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_non_str_cat_fix():
testrows = [
{'_id': '1', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a', 'ColBool':True},
{'_id': '2', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat':3, 'ColBool':False}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
assert testrows[1]['ColCat'] == '3'
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_int_count_limit_fix():
testrows = [
{'_id': '1', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a', 'ColBool':True},
{'_id': '2', 'ColInt': 100001, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool':False}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
assert not('ColInt' in testrows[1])
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_nonefield_fix():
testrows = [
{'_id': '1', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a', 'ColBool':True},
{'_id': '2', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat':None,
'ColBool':False}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
assert not('ColCat' in testrows[1])
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_extrafield_fix():
testrows = [
{'_id': '1', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a', 'ColBool':True},
{'_id': '2', 'ColEx':4, 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool':False}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema, remove_extra_fields=True)
assert not('ColEx' in testrows[1])
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_negative_int_count_fix():
testrows = [
{'_id': '1', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a', 'ColBool':True},
{'_id': '2', 'ColInt': -3, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool':False}]
assert_raises(VeritableError, clean_data, testrows, vschema,
remove_invalids=False)
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
assert not('ColInt' in testrows[1])
def test_data_nonvalid_bool_boolean_fixfail():
testrows = [{'_id': '1', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool':True}, {'_id': '2', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'jello'}]
assert_raises(VeritableError, validate_data, testrows, vschema)
try:
clean_data(testrows, vschema, remove_invalids=False)
except VeritableError as e:
assert e.row == 1
assert e.col == 'ColBool'
def test_data_non_bool_boolean_falsefix():
testrows = [{
'_id': '1',
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': False
}, {
'_id': '2',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': '0'
}, {
'_id': '5',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'False'
}, {
'_id': '6',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'false'
}, {
'_id': '7',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'No'
}, {
'_id': '8',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'NO'
}, {
'_id': '9',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'N'
}, {
'_id': '10',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'n'
}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
for r in testrows:
assert r['ColBool'] == False
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_negative_int_count_fixfail():
testrows = [
{'_id': '1', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a', 'ColBool':True},
{'_id': '2', 'ColInt': -3, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool':False}]
assert_raises(VeritableError, clean_data, testrows, vschema,
remove_invalids=False)
try:
clean_data(testrows, vschema, remove_invalids=False)
except VeritableError as e:
assert e.row == 1
assert e.col == 'ColInt'
def test_data_valid_rows_fix():
refrows = [
{'_id': '1', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a', 'ColBool':True},
{'_id': '2', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool':False},
{'_id': '3'}]
testrows = [
{'_id': '1', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a', 'ColBool':True},
{'_id': '2', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool':False},
{'_id': '3'}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
assert testrows == refrows
def test_data_non_bool_boolean_falsefix():
testrows = [
{'_id': '1', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a', 'ColBool':False},
{'_id': '2', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': '0'},
{'_id': '5', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': 'False'},
{'_id': '6', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': 'false'},
{'_id': '7', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': 'No'},
{'_id': '8', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': 'NO'},
{'_id': '9', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': 'N'},
{'_id': '10', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': 'n'}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
for r in testrows:
assert r['ColBool'] == False
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_too_many_cats_fix():
eschema = {'ColCat': {'type': 'categorical'}}
testrows = []
rid = 0
maxCols = 256
for i in range(maxCols - 1):
testrows.append({'_id': str(rid), 'ColCat': str(i)})
testrows.append({'_id': str(rid + 1), 'ColCat': str(i)})
rid = rid + 2
testrows.append({'_id': str(rid), 'ColCat': str(maxCols - 1)})
testrows.append({'_id': str(rid + 1), 'ColCat': str(maxCols)})
clean_data(testrows, eschema)
assert testrows[510]['ColCat'] == 'Other'
assert testrows[511]['ColCat'] == 'Other'
validate_data(testrows, eschema)
def test_data_non_bool_boolean_truefix():
testrows = [
{'_id': '1', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a', 'ColBool':True},
{'_id': '2', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': '1'},
{'_id': '4', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': '2'},
{'_id': '5', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': 'True'},
{'_id': '6', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': 'true'},
{'_id': '7', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': 'Yes'},
{'_id': '8', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': 'YES'},
{'_id': '9', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': 'Y'},
{'_id': '10', 'ColInt':4, 'ColFloat':4.1, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool': 'y'}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
for r in testrows:
assert r['ColBool'] == True
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_missing_id_fix():
testrows = [{
'_id': '1',
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': True
}, {
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': False
}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema, assign_ids=True)
assert testrows[0]['_id'] != testrows[1]['_id']
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_too_many_cats_fix():
eschema = {
'ColCat': {'type': 'categorical'}
}
testrows = []
rid = 0
maxCols = 256
for i in range(maxCols - 1):
testrows.append({'_id':str(rid), 'ColCat':str(i)})
testrows.append({'_id':str(rid + 1), 'ColCat':str(i)})
rid = rid + 2
testrows.append({'_id':str(rid), 'ColCat':str(maxCols - 1)})
testrows.append({'_id':str(rid + 1), 'ColCat':str(maxCols)})
clean_data(testrows, eschema)
assert testrows[510]['ColCat'] == 'Other'
assert testrows[511]['ColCat'] == 'Other'
validate_data(testrows, eschema)
def test_data_int_count_limit_fix():
testrows = [{
'_id': '1',
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': True
}, {
'_id': '2',
'ColInt': 100001,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': False
}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
assert not ('ColInt' in testrows[1])
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_nonefield_fix():
testrows = [{
'_id': '1',
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': True
}, {
'_id': '2',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': None,
'ColBool': False
}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
assert not ('ColCat' in testrows[1])
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_non_int_count_fix():
testrows = [{
'_id': '1',
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': True
}, {
'_id': '2',
'ColInt': '4',
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': False
}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
assert testrows[1]['ColInt'] == 4
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_nonstring_id_fix():
testrows = [{
'_id': '1',
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': True
}, {
'_id': 2,
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': False
}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
assert testrows[1]['_id'] == '2'
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_nonvalid_bool_boolean_fix():
testrows = [{
'_id': '1',
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': True
}, {
'_id': '2',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'jello'
}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
assert not ('ColBool' in testrows[1])
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_data_extrafield_fix():
testrows = [{
'_id': '1',
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': True
}, {
'_id': '2',
'ColEx': 4,
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': False
}]
clean_data(testrows, vschema, remove_extra_fields=True)
assert not ('ColEx' in testrows[1])
validate_data(testrows, vschema)
def test_write_read_csv():
handle, filename = mkstemp()
refrows = [{'_id': '7', 'ColInt':3, 'ColFloat':3.1, 'ColCat': 'a'},
{'_id': '8', 'ColInt':4, 'ColCat': 'b', 'ColBool':False},
{'_id': '9'}]
write_csv(refrows, filename, dialect=csv.excel)
testrows = read_csv(filename, dialect=csv.excel)
cschema = {
'ColInt': {'type': 'count'},
'ColFloat': {'type': 'real'},
'ColCat': {'type': 'categorical'},
'ColBool': {'type': 'boolean'}
}
clean_data(testrows, cschema)
assert len(testrows) == len(refrows)
for i in range(len(testrows)):
assert testrows[i] == refrows[i]
os.remove(filename)
def test_data_nonvalid_bool_boolean_fixfail():
testrows = [{
'_id': '1',
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': True
}, {
'_id': '2',
'ColInt': 4,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': 'jello'
}]
assert_raises(VeritableError, validate_data, testrows, vschema)
try:
clean_data(testrows, vschema, remove_invalids=False)
except VeritableError as e:
assert e.row == 1
assert e.col == 'ColBool'
def test_data_negative_int_count_fix():
testrows = [{
'_id': '1',
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': True
}, {
'_id': '2',
'ColInt': -3,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': False
}]
assert_raises(VeritableError,
clean_data,
testrows,
vschema,
remove_invalids=False)
clean_data(testrows, vschema)
assert not ('ColInt' in testrows[1])
def test_data_negative_int_count_fixfail():
testrows = [{
'_id': '1',
'ColInt': 3,
'ColFloat': 3.1,
'ColCat': 'a',
'ColBool': True
}, {
'_id': '2',
'ColInt': -3,
'ColFloat': 4.1,
'ColCat': 'b',
'ColBool': False
}]
assert_raises(VeritableError,
clean_data,
testrows,
vschema,
remove_invalids=False)
try:
clean_data(testrows, vschema, remove_invalids=False)
except VeritableError as e:
assert e.row == 1
assert e.col == 'ColInt'
def main():
##########
# UPLOAD #
##########
# 1. Define the schema for the table - specify column names and data types
table_schema = {
'age': {'type': 'count'},
'sex': {'type': 'categorical'},
'region': {'type': 'categorical'},
'income': {'type': 'real'},
'married': {'type': 'boolean'},
'children': {'type': 'count'},
'car': {'type': 'boolean'},
'save_act': {'type': 'boolean'},
'current_act': {'type': 'boolean'},
'mortgage': {'type': 'boolean'},
'pep': {'type': 'boolean'},
}
# 2. Load the data from csv and divide it into training and test subsets
rows = read_csv(DATA_FILE) # Load rows from CSV, returns all row data values as strings
clean_data(rows, table_schema) # Convert row data values to correct types based on schema
training_rows, test_rows = split_rows(rows, TRAIN_FRAC) # Split into training and test sets
# 3. Connect to the Veritable API
api = veritable.connect()
if api.table_exists(TABLE_ID):
print("Deleting old table '%s'" %TABLE_ID)
api.delete_table(TABLE_ID)
# 4. Create a Veritable Table and upload training rows
print("Creating table '%s' and uploading rows" %TABLE_ID)
table = api.create_table(table_id=TABLE_ID)
table.batch_upload_rows(training_rows)
###########
# ANALYZE #
###########
# 5. Create a Veritable Analysis and wait for it to complete
print("Creating analysis '%s' and waiting for it to complete" %ANALYSIS_ID)
analysis = table.create_analysis(schema=table_schema, analysis_id=ANALYSIS_ID)
analysis.wait()
###########
# PREDICT #
###########
# 6. For each row in the test set, predict the value and uncertainty for the target column
print("Making predictions")
prediction_results = []
for test_row in test_rows:
# Prepare the prediction request
prediction_request = test_row.copy() # Copy known values from test row
del prediction_request['_id'] # '_id' should not be present in prediction requests
prediction_request[TARGET_COL] = None # None values are predicted by Veritable
# Make predictions
prediction = analysis.predict(prediction_request, PRED_COUNT)
# Derive a single value estimate and uncertainty metric
estimate = prediction[TARGET_COL]
uncertainty = prediction.uncertainty[TARGET_COL]
# Compare estimate to actual value from test row
is_correct = (estimate == test_row[TARGET_COL])
# Collect results
prediction_results.append( { 'is_correct':is_correct, 'uncertainty':uncertainty } )
# 7. Evaluate prediction accuracy using different maximum uncertainty thresholds
for maximum_uncertainty in MAXIMUM_UNCERTAINTY_THRESHOLDS:
# Treat prediction results as unknown if uncertainty is above the maximum_uncertainty threshold
unknown_prediction_results = [r for r in prediction_results if r['uncertainty'] > maximum_uncertainty]
unknown_count = len(unknown_prediction_results)
# Only look at prediction results if uncertainty is below the maximum_uncertainty threshold
known_prediction_results = [r for r in prediction_results if r['uncertainty'] <= maximum_uncertainty]
known_count = len(known_prediction_results)
# Identify prediction results we looked at that are correct
known_correct_prediction_results = [r for r in known_prediction_results if r['is_correct']]
known_correct_count = len(known_correct_prediction_results)
print( "Predictions for {0} are {1:.0%} ({2}/{3}) correct with {4:.0%} ({5}/{6}) ignored using a maximum uncertainty of {7}".format(
TARGET_COL,
0.0 if known_count == 0 else float(known_correct_count) / known_count,
known_correct_count,
known_count,
float(unknown_count) / (known_count+unknown_count),
unknown_count,
known_count+unknown_count,
maximum_uncertainty ) )
def main():
##########
# UPLOAD #
##########
# 1. Define the schema for the table - specify column names and data types
table_schema = {
'age': {
'type': 'count'
},
'sex': {
'type': 'categorical'
},
'region': {
'type': 'categorical'
},
'income': {
'type': 'real'
},
'married': {
'type': 'boolean'
},
'children': {
'type': 'count'
},
'car': {
'type': 'boolean'
},
'save_act': {
'type': 'boolean'
},
'current_act': {
'type': 'boolean'
},
'mortgage': {
'type': 'boolean'
},
'pep': {
'type': 'boolean'
},
}
# 2. Load the data from csv and divide it into training and test subsets
rows = read_csv(
DATA_FILE
) # Load rows from CSV, returns all row data values as strings
clean_data(rows, table_schema
) # Convert row data values to correct types based on schema
training_rows, test_rows = split_rows(
rows, TRAIN_FRAC) # Split into training and test sets
# 3. Connect to the Veritable API
api = veritable.connect()
if api.table_exists(TABLE_ID):
print("Deleting old table '%s'" % TABLE_ID)
api.delete_table(TABLE_ID)
# 4. Create a Veritable Table and upload training rows
print("Creating table '%s' and uploading rows" % TABLE_ID)
table = api.create_table(table_id=TABLE_ID)
table.batch_upload_rows(training_rows)
###########
# ANALYZE #
###########
# 5. Create a Veritable Analysis and wait for it to complete
print("Creating analysis '%s' and waiting for it to complete" %
ANALYSIS_ID)
analysis = table.create_analysis(schema=table_schema,
analysis_id=ANALYSIS_ID)
analysis.wait()
###########
# PREDICT #
###########
# 6. For each row in the test set, predict the value and uncertainty for the target column
print("Making predictions")
prediction_results = []
for test_row in test_rows:
# Prepare the prediction request
prediction_request = test_row.copy() # Copy known values from test row
del prediction_request[
'_id'] # '_id' should not be present in prediction requests
prediction_request[
TARGET_COL] = None # None values are predicted by Veritable
# Make predictions
prediction = analysis.predict(prediction_request, PRED_COUNT)
# Derive a single value estimate and uncertainty metric
estimate = prediction[TARGET_COL]
uncertainty = prediction.uncertainty[TARGET_COL]
# Compare estimate to actual value from test row
is_correct = (estimate == test_row[TARGET_COL])
# Collect results
prediction_results.append({
'is_correct': is_correct,
'uncertainty': uncertainty
})
# 7. Evaluate prediction accuracy using different maximum uncertainty thresholds
for maximum_uncertainty in MAXIMUM_UNCERTAINTY_THRESHOLDS:
# Treat prediction results as unknown if uncertainty is above the maximum_uncertainty threshold
unknown_prediction_results = [
r for r in prediction_results
if r['uncertainty'] > maximum_uncertainty
]
unknown_count = len(unknown_prediction_results)
# Only look at prediction results if uncertainty is below the maximum_uncertainty threshold
known_prediction_results = [
r for r in prediction_results
if r['uncertainty'] <= maximum_uncertainty
]
known_count = len(known_prediction_results)
# Identify prediction results we looked at that are correct
known_correct_prediction_results = [
r for r in known_prediction_results if r['is_correct']
]
known_correct_count = len(known_correct_prediction_results)
print(
"Predictions for {0} are {1:.0%} ({2}/{3}) correct with {4:.0%} ({5}/{6}) ignored using a maximum uncertainty of {7}"
.format(
TARGET_COL,
0.0 if known_count == 0 else float(known_correct_count) /
known_count, known_correct_count, known_count,
float(unknown_count) / (known_count + unknown_count),
unknown_count, known_count + unknown_count,
maximum_uncertainty))
def main():
API = veritable.connect(ssl_verify=False)
print("Loading and preparing data...")
# load the data and schema describing all column datatypes
with open(DATA_FILE, 'rb') as fd:
data = json.loads(fd.read())
with open(SCHEMA_FILE, 'rb') as fd:
master_schema = json.loads(fd.read())
# divide the data into a training and test set, and ensure data is
# of the correct type for each column
train_data, test_data = split_rows(data, .8)
clean_data(train_data, master_schema, remove_extra_fields=True,
assign_ids=True)
# we have to account for the possibility that the training data doesn't
# contain all of the columns in the master schema
schema = subset_schema(master_schema, train_data)
# use the subset of the schema to clean the test data - make sure we don't
# condition test predictions on columns or categorical values that aren't
# present in the training data
clean_data(test_data, schema, remove_extra_fields=True, assign_ids=True)
validate_test_categoricals(test_data, train_data, schema)
# we'll run the analysis twice: one with the original multinomial target
# column, and once converting it to a binary column
def binary_transform(x):
transform = {'0': False, '1': True, '2': True, '3': True, '4': True}
return transform[x]
# make the binary dataset and schema
binary_train_data = deepcopy(train_data)
binary_test_data = deepcopy(test_data)
binary_schema = deepcopy(schema)
binary_schema['target']['type'] = 'boolean'
for d in (binary_train_data, binary_test_data):
for r in d:
if 'target' in r:
r['target'] = binary_transform(r['target'])
# delete existing tables if present
if API.table_exists(TABLE_ID):
print("Deleting old table '%s'" %TABLE_ID)
API.delete_table(TABLE_ID)
if API.table_exists(TABLE_ID+"-binary"):
print("Deleting old table '%s'" %(TABLE_ID+"-binary"))
API.delete_table(TABLE_ID+"-binary")
# upload the data and start the analyses
print("Uploading data and running analyses...")
table = API.create_table(TABLE_ID)
table.batch_upload_rows(train_data)
analysis = table.create_analysis(schema)
binary_table = API.create_table(TABLE_ID+"-binary")
binary_table.batch_upload_rows(binary_train_data)
binary_analysis = binary_table.create_analysis(binary_schema)
# now we'll make predictions for each test row, collecting the
# predicted values for the target column
analysis.wait()
print("Making predictions....")
results = predict_known_target_column(test_data, analysis, schema,
'target')
# and for the binary table
binary_analysis.wait()
binary_results = predict_known_target_column(binary_test_data,
binary_analysis, binary_schema, 'target')
# summarize the results
print("multinomial dataset, raw predictions: " \
"{0}% test error".format(test_error(results, 'target') * 100))
print("multinomial dataset, binary transform: " \
"{0}% test error".format(test_error(results, 'target',
transform=binary_transform) * 100))
print("binary dataset, raw predictions: " \
"{0}% test error".format(test_error(binary_results, 'target') * 100))