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non_dissipative-6cells.py
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non_dissipative-6cells.py
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Non_dissipative-6cells.ipynb
Automatically generated by Colaboratory.
Original file is located at
https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1HD4yqWPeZJLVEAJOQMWm-JP-vf6aGI3q
"""
"""# Optimization of a State-to-State Transfer for a Quantum Charger-Battery Driven by Laser Field Using Krotov's Method"""
# NBVAL_IGNORE_OUTPUT
import qutip
import numpy as np
import scipy
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pylab as plt
import krotov
import math
"""$\newcommand{tr}[0]{\operatorname{tr}}
\newcommand{diag}[0]{\operatorname{diag}}
\newcommand{abs}[0]{\operatorname{abs}}
\newcommand{pop}[0]{\operatorname{pop}}
\newcommand{aux}[0]{\text{aux}}
\newcommand{opt}[0]{\text{opt}}
\newcommand{tgt}[0]{\text{tgt}}
\newcommand{init}[0]{\text{init}}
\newcommand{lab}[0]{\text{lab}}
\newcommand{rwa}[0]{\text{rwa}}
\newcommand{bra}[1]{\langle#1\vert}
\newcommand{ket}[1]{\vert#1\rangle}
\newcommand{Bra}[1]{\left\langle#1\right\vert}
\newcommand{Ket}[1]{\left\vert#1\right\rangle}
\newcommand{Braket}[2]{\left\langle #1\vphantom{#2}\mid{#2}\vphantom{#1}\right\rangle}
\newcommand{op}[1]{\hat{#1}}
\newcommand{Op}[1]{\hat{#1}}
\newcommand{dd}[0]{\,\text{d}}
\newcommand{Liouville}[0]{\mathcal{L}}
\newcommand{DynMap}[0]{\mathcal{E}}
\newcommand{identity}[0]{\mathbf{1}}
\newcommand{Norm}[1]{\lVert#1\rVert}
\newcommand{Abs}[1]{\left\vert#1\right\vert}
\newcommand{avg}[1]{\langle#1\rangle}
\newcommand{Avg}[1]{\left\langle#1\right\rangle}
\newcommand{AbsSq}[1]{\left\vert#1\right\vert^2}
\newcommand{Re}[0]{\operatorname{Re}}
\newcommand{Im}[0]{\operatorname{Im}}$
This first example illustrates the basic use of the `krotov` package by solving
a simple canonical optimization problem: the transfer of population in a two
level system.
## Hamiltonian
"""
proj0 = qutip.ket2dm(qutip.tensor(qutip.ket("0"),qutip.ket("0")))
proj1 = qutip.ket2dm(qutip.tensor(qutip.ket("0"),qutip.ket("1")))
proj2 = qutip.ket2dm(qutip.tensor(qutip.ket("1"),qutip.ket("0")))
proj3 = qutip.ket2dm(qutip.tensor(qutip.ket("1"),qutip.ket("1")))
omega=1
g=0.2*omega
ampl0=1
T=math.pi/g
nt=1000
tlist = np.linspace(0,T, nt)
def hamiltonian(omega, ampl0, g):
H0_q = omega*0.5*(-qutip.operators.sigmaz()+qutip.qeye(2))
# drive qubit Hamiltonian
H1_q = -0.5*qutip.operators.sigmax()
# drift TLS Hamiltonian
H0_T = qutip.tensor(omega*0.5*(-qutip.operators.sigmaz()+qutip.qeye(2)), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.qeye(2), omega*0.5*(-qutip.operators.sigmaz()+qutip.qeye(2)), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), omega*0.5*(-qutip.operators.sigmaz()+qutip.qeye(2)), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), omega*0.5*(-qutip.operators.sigmaz()+qutip.qeye(2)), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), omega*0.5*(-qutip.operators.sigmaz()+qutip.qeye(2)), qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), omega*0.5*(-qutip.operators.sigmaz()+qutip.qeye(2)))
# Lift Hamiltonians to joint system operators
H0 = qutip.tensor(H0_q, qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2)) + qutip.tensor(qutip.qeye(2), H0_T)
H1 = qutip.tensor(H1_q, qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2), qutip.qeye(2))
# qubit-TLS interaction
H_int = g*(qutip.tensor(qutip.destroy(2),qutip.create(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.create(2),qutip.destroy(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.destroy(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.create(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.create(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.destroy(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.destroy(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.create(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.create(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.destroy(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.destroy(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.create(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.create(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.destroy(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.destroy(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.create(2),qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.create(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.destroy(2),qutip.qeye(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.destroy(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.create(2))\
+qutip.tensor(qutip.create(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.qeye(2),qutip.destroy(2)))
# convert Hamiltonians to QuTiP objects
H0 = qutip.Qobj(H0 + H_int)
H1 = qutip.Qobj(H1)
def guess_control(t, args):
return ampl0 * krotov.shapes.flattop(
t, t_start=0, t_stop=T, t_rise=0.5, func="blackman"
)
return [H0, [H1, guess_control]]
def S(t):
"""Shape function for the field update"""
return krotov.shapes.flattop(
t, t_start=0, t_stop=T, t_rise=0.05 * T, t_fall=0.05 * T, func='sinsq'
)
def plot_iterations(opt_result):
"""Plot the control fields in population dynamics over all iterations.
This depends on ``store_all_pulses=True`` in the call to
`optimize_pulses`.
"""
fig, [ax_ctr,ax] = plt.subplots(nrows=2, figsize=(4, 5))
n_iters = len(opt_result.iters)
EEnergy=np.zeros(nt)
for (iteration, pulses) in zip(opt_result.iters, opt_result.all_pulses):
controls = [
krotov.conversions.pulse_onto_tlist(pulse)
for pulse in pulses
]
objectives = opt_result.objectives_with_controls(controls)
dynamics = objectives[0].mesolve(
opt_result.tlist, e_ops=[]
)
if iteration == 0:
ls = '--' # dashed
alpha = 1 # full opacity
ctr_label = 'guess'
pop_labels = ['0 (guess)', '1 (guess)']
elif iteration == opt_result.iters[-1]:
ls = '-' # solid
alpha = 1 # full opacity
ctr_label = 'optimized'
pop_labels = ['0 (optimized)', '1 (optimized)']
else:
ls = '-' # solid
alpha = 0.5 * float(iteration) / float(n_iters) # max 50%
ctr_label = None
pop_labels = [None, None]
ax_ctr.plot(
dynamics.times,
controls[0],
label=ctr_label,
color='black',
ls=ls,
alpha=alpha,
)
EField=np.transpose(np.array(opt_result.optimized_controls))
EEnergy[0]=(np.square(EField[0]))*(T/nt)
a=0
for i in range (1,nt):
a+=np.square(EField[i-1])
EEnergy[i]=(np.square(EField[i])+a)*(T/nt)
ax.plot(tlist,np.transpose(EEnergy))
plt.legend()
plt.show(fig)
fig.savefig('Energyofthefield6cells-nodissipation.png')
H = hamiltonian(omega,ampl0,g)
pulse_options = {
H[1][1]: dict(lambda_a=0.25, update_shape=S)
}
objectives = [
krotov.Objective(
initial_state=qutip.tensor(qutip.ket("0"),qutip.ket("0"),qutip.ket("0"),qutip.ket("0"),qutip.ket("0"),qutip.ket("0"),qutip.ket("0")), target=qutip.tensor(qutip.ket("0"),qutip.ket("1"),qutip.ket("1"),qutip.ket("1"),qutip.ket("1"),qutip.ket("1"),qutip.ket("1")), H=H
)
]
opt_result = krotov.optimize_pulses(
objectives,
pulse_options=pulse_options,
tlist=tlist,
propagator=krotov.propagators.expm,
chi_constructor=krotov.functionals.chis_ss,
info_hook=krotov.info_hooks.print_table(J_T=krotov.functionals.J_T_ss),
check_convergence=krotov.convergence.Or(
krotov.convergence.value_below('5e-3', name='J_T'),
krotov.convergence.check_monotonic_error,
),
store_all_pulses=True,
)
plot_iterations(opt_result)
from numpy import linalg as npla
def eigenvalues(A):
eigenValues, eigenVectors = npla.eig(A)
idx = np.argsort(eigenValues)
eigenValues = eigenValues[idx]
eigenVectors = eigenVectors[:,idx]
return (eigenValues)
optimized_dynamics = opt_result.optimized_objectives[0].mesolve(
tlist, e_ops=[]
)
Ergotropy=np.zeros(nt)
Energy=np.zeros(nt)
time=np.zeros(nt)
Power=np.zeros(nt)
a=0
for i in range(0,nt):
FinalStateB = np.trace(np.array(optimized_dynamics.states[i]*optimized_dynamics.states[i].dag()).reshape(2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2), axis1=0, axis2=7)
FinalStateCell1=np.trace(np.array(FinalStateB).reshape(2,32,2,32), axis1=1, axis2=3)
PreFinalStateCell2=np.trace(np.array(FinalStateB).reshape(2,2,16,2,2,16), axis1=2, axis2=5)
FinalStateCell2=np.trace(np.array(PreFinalStateCell2).reshape(2,2,2,2), axis1=0, axis2=2)
PreFinalStateCell3=np.trace(np.array(FinalStateB).reshape(4,2,2,2,2,4,2,2,2,2), axis1=0, axis2=5)
FinalStateCell3=np.trace(np.array(PreFinalStateCell3).reshape(2,8,2,8), axis1=1, axis2=3)
PreFinalStateCell4=np.trace(np.array(FinalStateB).reshape(8,2,2,2,8,2,2,2), axis1=0, axis2=4)
FinalStateCell4=np.trace(np.array(PreFinalStateCell4).reshape(2,4,2,4), axis1=1, axis2=3)
PreFinalStateCell5=np.trace(np.array(FinalStateB).reshape(16,2,2,16,2,2), axis1=0, axis2=3)
FinalStateCell5=np.trace(np.array(PreFinalStateCell5).reshape(2,2,2,2), axis1=1, axis2=3)
FinalStateCell6=np.trace(np.array(FinalStateB).reshape(32,2,32,2), axis1=0, axis2=2)
Rho_fCell1=eigenvalues(FinalStateCell1)[1]*np.array([[1, 0], [0, 0]])+eigenvalues(FinalStateCell1)[0]*np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]])
Rho_fCell2=eigenvalues(FinalStateCell2)[1]*np.array([[1, 0], [0, 0]])+eigenvalues(FinalStateCell2)[0]*np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]])
Rho_fCell3=eigenvalues(FinalStateCell3)[1]*np.array([[1, 0], [0, 0]])+eigenvalues(FinalStateCell3)[0]*np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]])
Rho_fCell4=eigenvalues(FinalStateCell4)[1]*np.array([[1, 0], [0, 0]])+eigenvalues(FinalStateCell4)[0]*np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]])
Rho_fCell5=eigenvalues(FinalStateCell5)[1]*np.array([[1, 0], [0, 0]])+eigenvalues(FinalStateCell5)[0]*np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]])
Rho_fCell6=eigenvalues(FinalStateCell6)[1]*np.array([[1, 0], [0, 0]])+eigenvalues(FinalStateCell6)[0]*np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]])
Energy[i]=np.real(np.matrix.trace(omega*np.dot(np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]]),FinalStateCell6)))+np.real(np.matrix.trace(omega*np.dot(np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]]),FinalStateCell5)))+np.real(np.matrix.trace(omega*np.dot(np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]]),FinalStateCell4)))+np.real(np.matrix.trace(omega*np.dot(np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]]),FinalStateCell3)))+np.real(np.matrix.trace(omega*np.dot(np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]]),FinalStateCell1)))+np.real(np.matrix.trace(omega*np.dot(np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]]),FinalStateCell2)))
Ergotropy[i]=-np.real(np.matrix.trace(omega*np.dot(np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]]),(Rho_fCell6-FinalStateCell6))))-np.real(np.matrix.trace(omega*np.dot(np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]]),(Rho_fCell5-FinalStateCell5))))-np.real(np.matrix.trace(omega*np.dot(np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]]),(Rho_fCell4-FinalStateCell4))))-np.real(np.matrix.trace(omega*np.dot(np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]]),(Rho_fCell3-FinalStateCell3))))-np.real(np.matrix.trace(omega*np.dot(np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]]),(Rho_fCell1-FinalStateCell1))))-np.real(np.matrix.trace(omega*np.dot(np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]]),(Rho_fCell2-FinalStateCell2))))
a+=1/T*(Energy[i]*T/nt)
Power[i]=1/T*(Energy[i]*T/nt) + a
time[i]=(T/nt)*i
print(np.argmax(Power))
fig3, axes =plt.subplots()
axes.plot(time,Energy,label='Energy')
axes.plot(time,Ergotropy,label='Ergotropy')
axes.plot(time,Power,label='Power')
axes.set_xlabel("Time")
axes.set_ylabel("Energy, Ergotropy")
axes.legend()
fig3.savefig('Energyvsergotropy6cells-nodissipation.png')
def plot_pulse(pulse, tlist):
fig2, ax = plt.subplots()
if callable(pulse):
pulse = np.array([pulse(t, args=None) for t in tlist])
ax.plot(tlist, pulse)
ax.set_xlabel('Time')
ax.set_ylabel('Pulse Amplitude')
fig2.savefig('EFieldfor6cells-nodissipation.png')
plot_pulse(opt_result.optimized_controls[0], tlist)