Yet another library to generate OpenAPI document and validate request & response with Python annotations.
- Less boilerplate code, only annotations, no need for YAML ✨
- Generate API document with Redoc UI or Swagger UI 😋
- Validate query, JSON data, response data with pydantic 😉
- Current support:
install with pip: pip install spectree
Check the examples folder.
- Define your data structure used in (query, json, headers, cookies, resp) with
pydantic.BaseModel - create
spectree.SpecTreeinstance with the web framework name you are using, likeapi = SpecTree('flask') api.validatedecorate the route withqueryjsonheaderscookiesresptags
- access these data with
context(query, json, headers, cookies)(of course, you can access these from the original place where the framework offered)- flask:
request.context - falcon:
req.context - starlette:
request.context
- flask:
- register to the web application
api.register(app) - check the document at URL location
/apidoc/redocor/apidoc/swagger
If the request doesn't pass the validation, it will return a 422 with JSON error message(ctx, loc, msg, type).
How to add summary and description to endpoints?
Just add docs to the endpoint function. The 1st line is the summary, and the rest is the description for this endpoint.
How to add description to parameters?
Check the pydantic document about description in Field.
Any config I can change?
Of course. Check the config document.
You can update the config when init the spectree like:
SpecTree('flask', title='Demo API', version='v1.0', path='doc')What is
Responseand how to use it?
To build a response for the endpoint, you need to declare the status code with format HTTP_{code} and corresponding data (optional).
Response(HTTP_200=None, HTTP_403=ForbidModel)
Response('HTTP_200') # equals to Response(HTTP_200=None)What should I return when I'm using the library?
No need to change anything. Just return what the framework required.
How to logging when the validation failed?
Validation errors are logged with INFO level. Details are passed into extra. Check the falcon example for details.
How can I write a customized plugin for another backend framework?
Inherit spectree.plugins.base.BasePlugin and implement the functions you need. After that, init like api = SpecTree(backend=MyCustomizedPlugin).
How can I change the response when there is a validation error? Can I record some metrics?
This library provides before and after hooks to do these. Check the doc or the test case. You can change the handlers for SpecTree or for a specific endpoint validation.
Try it with http post :8000/api/user name=alice age=18. (if you are using httpie)
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, constr
from spectree import SpecTree, Response
class Profile(BaseModel):
name: constr(min_length=2, max_length=40) # Constrained Str
age: int = Field(
...,
gt=0,
lt=150,
description='user age(Human)'
)
class Config:
schema_extra = {
# provide an example
'example': {
'name': 'very_important_user',
'age': 42,
}
}
class Message(BaseModel):
text: str
app = Flask(__name__)
api = SpecTree('flask')
@app.route('/api/user', methods=['POST'])
@api.validate(json=Profile, resp=Response(HTTP_200=Message, HTTP_403=None), tags=['api'])
def user_profile():
"""
verify user profile (summary of this endpoint)
user's name, user's age, ... (long description)
"""
print(request.context.json) # or `request.json`
return jsonify(text='it works')
if __name__ == "__main__":
api.register(app) # if you don't register in api init step
app.run(port=8000)import falcon
from wsgiref import simple_server
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, constr
from spectree import SpecTree, Response
class Profile(BaseModel):
name: constr(min_length=2, max_length=40) # Constrained Str
age: int = Field(
...,
gt=0,
lt=150,
description='user age(Human)'
)
class Message(BaseModel):
text: str
api = SpecTree('falcon')
class UserProfile:
@api.validate(json=Profile, resp=Response(HTTP_200=Message, HTTP_403=None), tags=['api'])
def on_post(self, req, resp):
"""
verify user profile (summary of this endpoint)
user's name, user's age, ... (long description)
"""
print(req.context.json) # or `req.media`
resp.media = {'text': 'it works'}
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = falcon.API()
app.add_route('/api/user', UserProfile())
api.register(app)
httpd = simple_server.make_server('localhost', 8000, app)
httpd.serve_forever()import uvicorn
from starlette.applications import Starlette
from starlette.routing import Route, Mount
from starlette.responses import JSONResponse
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, constr
from spectree import SpecTree, Response
class Profile(BaseModel):
name: constr(min_length=2, max_length=40) # Constrained Str
age: int = Field(
...,
gt=0,
lt=150,
description='user age(Human)'
)
class Message(BaseModel):
text: str
api = SpecTree('starlette')
@api.validate(json=Profile, resp=Response(HTTP_200=Message, HTTP_403=None), tags=['api'])
async def user_profile(request):
"""
verify user profile (summary of this endpoint)
user's name, user's age, ... (long description)
"""
print(request.context.json) # or await request.json()
return JSONResponse({'text': 'it works'})
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = Starlette(routes=[
Mount('api', routes=[
Route('/user', user_profile, methods=['POST']),
])
])
api.register(app)
uvicorn.run(app)ValidationError: missing field for headers
The HTTP headers' keys in Flask are capitalized, in Falcon are upper cases, in Starlette are lower cases.
You can use pydantic.root_validators(pre=True) to change all the keys into lower cases or upper cases.
ValidationError: value is not a valid list for query
Since there is no standard for HTTP query with multiple values, it's hard to find the way to handle this for different web frameworks. So I suggest not to use list type in query until I find a suitable way to fix it.