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Disorders of Consciousness Bachelor Thesis

All thesis relevant code can be found in the 'python_scripts' folder.

iPython Notes

  • whos: See all created variables
  • object?: see information on variable, object or function
  • !ls: start system entry mode

Technical Terms

Paradigm: a typical example or pattern of something; a pattern or model

Relative frequency bands: The oscillatory neural activity can be captured with the help of the electroencephalogram. The oscillations can be sperated into and are classified in frequency bands. Since every band has a different power level the bands must be compared relavtive to each other.

Classification of Frequency Bands:

  • Delta 1-3 Hz: Deep Sleep, Unconsciousness, Coma
  • Theta 4-7 Hz: Other Sleep Stages (REM), Emotions, Meditation, Short-Term-Memory
  • Alpha 8-12 Hz: Relaxation, Fatigue, Eyes Closed while Conscious
  • Beta 13-29 Hz: Awake, Aktive Thought, Concentration
  • Gamma > 30 Hz: Long-Time-Memory, Conscious Waking State, Will, Focus

Epoch: a datasegment (e.g. eeg data) which was created by the onset of a stimulus

Subtrial: activation of different stimuli

Trial: Multiple repetitions of a subtrial which leads to a result of the machine

Baseline Correction: A perfect curve shape of analytical 2D data objects include a constant base level value, where no signals are observed. This base level is called the baseline of a 2D data object. Because of changes in experimental conditions during measurement, temperature influences or any other interference, the baseline sometimes drifts away from its original base level. In this case, the baseline of a 2D data object might be corrected after a measurement has been completed using the baseline correction function of the software. (https://www.labcognition.com/onlinehelp/en/baseline_correction.htm) --> see also mne.epochs and mne.baseline

Etiology: cause, origin; specifically : the cause of a disease or abnormal condition

Pathological: involving or caused by a physical or mental disease

Anoxia: The term anoxia means a total depletion in the level of oxygen, an extreme form of hypoxia or "low oxygen". (Used to describe a type of Coma: Anoxic Coma)

Nociceptive Stimulus: a painful, sometimes detrimental or injurious, stimulus. A nociceptor is a sensory neuron that responds to damaging or potentially damaging stimuli.

Modulate: exert a modifying or controlling influence on.

Novelty: the quality of being new, original, or unusual. A novelty P300 component indicates attention orienting.

Elicit: evoke or draw out (a reaction, answer, or fact) from someone.

Contingent: occurring or existing only if (certain circumstances) are the case; dependent on

Putative: generally considered to be; generally thought to be the thing mentioned

Averages:

  • mean (Durchschnitt): sum of values divided by number of values
  • median: middle value in a sorted list
  • mode: value which occurs most often

Endogenous: having an internal cause or origin. (Antonym: Exogenous)

Coherence: (as a measure of connectivity) Coherence is a measure of how effectively two sites are able to link and unlink, to share information. It is a measure, like the correlation coefficient, which ranges from 0-1 or (in percentage terms) from 0-100. (https://brain-trainer.com/answers/getting-started/coherence-synchrony/)

Synchrony: Synchrony indicates that two waveforms are coherent (consistent relationship between their peaks and valleys) and in phase (peak and valleys happening at the same time in both waveforms.) Why would two signals be synchronous?

  1. They are coming from two sites communicating with one another in a particular frequency; or
  2. Both are coming from the same source.

Volition: an act of making a choice or decision; also : a choice or decision made

Somatosensory: relating to or denoting a sensation (such as pressure, pain, or warmth) which can occur anywhere in the body

ToDo

  • ✓ plot single channels (from the 'data' array)
  • ✓ calculate the average over all channels of one patient and extract data segments based on labels. The P300 spike should be visible for the novel and unexpected end of sentence labels.
  • ✓ calculate relative frequency bands
  • ✓ online calculation of relative frequency bands of eeg segments
  • ✓ create gui with electrode positions
  • ✓ Change Visualization window so that there are two columns of plots each with 16 rows
  • ✓ Do online calculation of mean and standard deviation
  • ✓ change colors of elctrodes depending on the highs and lows of the mean value inside a window
  • ✓ be able to switch between frequency bands (drop down)
  • ✓ create a legend for the electrode colors
  • ✓ either use close button or delete it
  • ✓ improve window and overlap size. be able to describe how the different sizes affect the visual output
  • ✓ set limits over a longer period of time and make them less influenced by every sample
  • ✓ se a counter to dictate how often relband is calulated
  • ✓ make window and overlap size adjustable in gui
  • nsider setting one upper and lower limit for all frequencies in order to see how hight one frequency is in relation to the others
  • ✓ implement visualisation which shows multiple frequencies at the same time, either on one or multiple heads
  • ✓ add plot which shows the developement of the overall mean
  • ✓ change window and overlap size in seconds and not sample numbers (since other users might have different srates)
  • ✓ make a better distinction between windowsize inside relband calculation and windowsize over which relband calulation takes place

Data

First Plot of single channel and trigger points example plot

Sources and Sites

Issues and Errors

  • when increasing the window size too fast via the slider or line edit then the window size is larger than the number samples arrived in the buffer, throwing an error

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Files for Bachelor Thesis on Waking Coma Patients

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