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altair.py
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altair.py
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# Altair 8800 emulator for BBC Micro:bit
# UI code
# run code for sample program in original manual page 33
# @pdbperks 2020
from microbit import display, button_a, button_b, accelerometer, sleep
row = 0 # LED display
col = 4
databyte = "00000000"
memory = bytearray([0 for x in range(256)])
prog = bytearray([
0x3A,0x0C,0x0,0x47,0x3A,0x0D,0x0,0x80,
0x32,0x0F,0x0,0x76,0x01,0x02,0x04,0x0,
0x3A,0x0E,0x0,0x4F,0x3C,0x0D,0xC2,0x14,
0x0,0x32,0x0F,0x0,0x76
])
pc = 0 #program counter
tr = False #show acc value
zf = True #zero flag
def run():
acc = 0 #Accumulator
regB = 0 #register B
regC = 0 #register C
rpc = 0 #temp pc for loop
global pc, memory, zf
display.scroll('<')
while True:
sleep(500)
memRead(pc)
rpc = pc
if tr:
display.scroll('a:'+str(acc))
# implemented 8080 operating codes
if memory[rpc] == 0x00: #0: #NOP
pc = pc + 1
if memory[rpc] == 0x07: #7: #RLC rotate left <<
acc = acc << 1
pc = pc + 1
if memory[rpc] == 0x0D: #13: #DCR_C RegC -1
regC = regC - 1
zf = (regC == 0)
pc = pc + 1
if memory[rpc] == 0x0F: #15: #RLR rotate right <<
acc = acc >> 1
pc = pc + 1
if memory[rpc] == 0x32: #50: #STA
memory[memory[pc + 1]] = acc
pc = pc + 3
if memory[rpc] == 0x3A: #58: #LDA
acc = memory[memory[pc + 1]]
pc = pc + 3
if memory[rpc] == 0x3C: #60: #INR_A
acc = acc + 1
zf = (acc == 0)
pc = pc + 1
if memory[rpc] == 0x3D: #61: #DCR_A
acc = acc - 1
zf = (acc == 0)
pc = pc + 1
if memory[rpc] == 0x47: #71 : #MOV_B,A
regB = acc
pc = pc + 1
if memory[rpc] == 0x4F: #71 : #MOV_C,A
regC = acc
pc = pc + 1
if memory[rpc] ==0x76: # HLT
break
if memory[rpc] == 0x80: #128: #ADD
acc = acc + regB
pc = pc + 1
if memory[rpc] == 0xA0: #61: #ANA_B
acc = acc & regB
zf = (acc == 0)
pc = pc + 1
if memory[rpc] == 0xA8: #61: #XRA_B
acc = acc ^ regB
zf = (acc == 0)
pc = pc + 1
if memory[rpc] == 0xAF: #61: #XRA_A
acc = acc ^ acc
zf = (acc == 0)
pc = pc + 1
if memory[rpc] == 0xB0: #61: #ORA_B
acc = acc | regB
zf = (acc == 0)
pc = pc + 1
if memory[rpc] == 0xC3: #195: #JMP
pc = memory[pc + 1]
if memory[rpc] == 0xC2: #194: #JNZ
if zf == False:
pc = memory[pc + 1]
else:
pc = pc + 3
if button_a.is_pressed():
break
display.scroll('>')
def bin00(dec):
bin0 = "00000000"
bin1 = bin(dec)[2:]
#display.scroll(bin1)
bin1L = len(bin1)
return bin0[0:8-bin1L] + bin1
#led matrix for data entry
def level():
global row, col
bright = 4
for x in range(1, 5):
display.set_pixel(x, 0, 0)
for y in range(0, 5):
display.set_pixel(0, y, 0)
row = accelerometer.get_x() #pitch 2 row
row = min(max(1,int(row/200) + 2),4) # roll sensitivity row/60=narrow 400=wide + tilt factor
display.set_pixel(row, 0 , bright)
col = accelerometer.get_y() # roll 4 bit cols
col = min(max(3,int(col/200) + 2),4) #pitch sensitivity 200 horizontal 300 more vertical + tilt factor
display.set_pixel(0, col , bright)
#convert data rows to binary string
def dataRead():
global databyte
datab =""
for y in range(3,5):
for x in range(1,5 ):
if (display.get_pixel(x, y)>0):
datab = datab + "1"
else:
datab = datab + "0"
databyte = datab
#write databyte to data display
def dataWrite(db = databyte, ledrow = 3):
#global databyte
p = 0
bright = 6 + ledrow
for y in range(ledrow,ledrow + 2):
for x in range(1,5):
if db[p] == "1":
display.set_pixel(x,y,bright)
else:
display.set_pixel(x,y,0)
p = p + 1
def memWrite(progcount = pc):
global databyte, memory
memory[progcount] = int(databyte, 2)
dataWrite(bin00(progcount),1)
dataWrite(databyte,3)
def memRead(progcount = pc):
global databyte, memory
databyte = bin00(memory[progcount])
dataWrite(bin00(progcount),1)
dataWrite(databyte)
#main program loop
while True:
level()
sleep(200)
if (button_a.is_pressed()):
longpress = 0
clicks = button_b.get_presses()
clicks = 0
while button_a.is_pressed():
sleep(100)#wait until button released
longpress = longpress + 1
#clicks = button_a.get_presses()
if longpress > 5: #optons if button down >0.5second
clicks = button_b.get_presses()
if clicks == 1: #run
run()
memRead(pc)
elif clicks == 2: #load mem.dat
#i = 0
try:
with open('data.bin','rb') as f:
#split the file read in two to avoid MemoryError
byte = f.read(100)
for i, d in enumerate(byte):
memory[i] = d
byte = f.read(156)
for i, d in enumerate(byte):
memory[i+100] = d
#memory = list(f.read())
memRead(pc)
#except MemoryError:
# display.scroll('oops')
except OSError or MemoryError:
#if no file saved then load sample program
for i, d in enumerate(prog):
memory[i] = d
memRead(pc)
elif clicks == 3: #save
with open('data.bin','wb') as f:
f.write((memory))
display.scroll('saved')
elif clicks == 4: #toggle tr acc
tr ^= True
elif clicks == 5: #reload sample program
for i, d in enumerate(prog):
memory[i] = d
memRead(pc)
elif clicks == 0: #no button clear data
databyte = "00000000"
dataWrite(databyte)
else:
display.set_pixel(row, col , (7 * (display.get_pixel(row, col) < 1)))
dataRead()
elif button_b.is_pressed():
longpress = 0
clicks = button_a.get_presses()
clicks = 0
while button_b.is_pressed():
sleep(100)
longpress = longpress + 1
if longpress > 5: #options if button down >0.5second
clicks = button_a.get_presses()
if clicks == 1:
memWrite(pc)
pc = min(pc + 1,255)
memRead(pc)
elif clicks == 2:
pc = max(0,pc - 1)
memRead(pc)
elif clicks == 3: #goto mem addr from data entry
dataRead()
pc = int(databyte, 2)
memRead(pc)
elif clicks == 0: #no button a click print hex
display.scroll(hex(int(databyte, 2)))
memWrite(pc)
else:
display.scroll(int(databyte, 2))
memWrite(pc)