The argparse module makes it easy to write user-friendly command-line interfaces. The program defines what arguments it requires, and argparse will figure out how to parse those out of sys.argv. The argparse module also automatically generates help and usage messages and issues errors when users give the program invalid arguments.

This module implements specialized container datatypes providing alternatives to Python’s general purpose built-in containers, dict, list, set, and tuple.

*. namedtuple() factory function for creating tuple subclasses with named fields *. deque list-like container with fast appends and pops on either end *. ChainMap dict-like class for creating a single view of multiple mappings *. Counter dict subclass for counting hashable objects *. OrderedDict dict subclass that remembers the order entries were added *. defaultdict dict subclass that calls a factory function to supply missing values *. UserDict wrapper around dictionary objects for easier dict subclassing *. UserList wrapper around list objects for easier list subclassing *. UserString wrapper around string objects for easier string subclassing

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