def circuit(self):
super().circuit()
sensor = Bipolar(type='npn', common='emitter')(
base = Resistor()(self.R_sensor_in),
collector = Resistor()(self.R_sensor_collector),
)
holder = Bipolar(type='npn', common='emitter')(
base = Resistor()( self.R_holder_base)
)
holder.v_ref += sensor.output
holder.gnd += self.gnd
self.C_width = (self.width / self.R_pulse_base) * 1.4
pulsar_width = RLC(series='C', vref='R')(
C_series = self.C_width,
R_vref = self.R_pulse_base)
pulsar_width.v_ref += self.v_ref
pulsar = Bipolar(type='npn', common='emitter')(
base = pulsar_width,
collector = Resistor()(self.R_pulse_collector)
)
output = Net('onHightPulse')
pulse = self & sensor & pulsar & output & holder
self.output = output
def circuit(self):
up = Bipolar(type='npn')()
down = Bipolar(type='pnp')()
self.wire_input(up, down)
self.output & up.emitter & down.emitter
self.v_ref & up.v_ref
self.v_inv & down.collector
def mirror(self, programmer):
mirror = Bipolar(type='pnp', follow='collector', common='base')()
stabilizer = Bipolar(type='pnp', follow='collector', common='base')()
mirroring = mirror.base & programmer.base & stabilizer
self.R_g = (self.V - stabilizer.V_je) / self.I_load
generator = Resistor()(self.R_g)
sink = self.ref_input(
) & programmer & stabilizer.base & generator & self.gnd
v_ref = self.ref_input() & mirror
return stabilizer.output
def circuit(self, **kwargs):
programmer = Bipolar(type='pnp', follow='collector', common='base')()
self.V_drop += programmer.V_je
mirror = self.mirror(programmer)
load = mirror & self.output
def circuit(self):
via = self.props.get('via', None)
buffer = None
if via == 'opamp':
"""
1. Use the op-amp linear output operating range, which is usually specified under the AOL test conditions.
2. The small-signal bandwidth is determined by the unity-gain bandwidth of the amplifier.
3. Check the maximum output voltage swing versus frequency graph in the datasheet to minimize slewinduced distortion.
4. The common mode voltage is equal to the input signal.
5. Do not place capacitive loads directly on the output that are greater than the values recommended in
the datasheet.
6. High output current amplifiers may be required if driving low impedance loads
"""
buffer = OpAmp()(frequency=self.Frequency)
buffer.input_n & buffer.output & self.output
if via == 'bipolar':
buffer = Bipolar(type='npn', emitter='follower')()
buffer & self.output
if buffer:
self.input & buffer
buffer.v_ref & self.v_ref
buffer.gnd & self.gnd
else:
self.input & self.output
def circuit(self):
R = Resistor()
Gate = Bipolar(type='npn', follow='collector', common='emitter')
rectifier = Signal(clamp='rectifier')(V=self.V,
Load=self.Load,
frequency=self.frequency)
trigger = Gate(collector=R(self.R_load, ref='Trigger_Collector'),
base=R(self.R_load * 10, ref='Trigger_Base'))
pulse = Gate(collector=lambda T: Resistor()
((self.V - (T['VCE'] or 0.3) @ u_V) / self.I_load,
ref='Pulse_Collector'))
delay = Decay()(V=self.V,
V_out=self.V / 2,
Time_to_V_out=self.width,
Load=(self.V - trigger.V_je) /
(3 * self.I_load / pulse.Beta),
reverse=True)
self.v_ref & trigger.v_ref & pulse.v_ref
self.gnd & trigger.gnd & pulse.gnd & rectifier.gnd
self.input & rectifier & trigger.base
pulse & trigger & delay.gnd
self.v_ref & delay & pulse & self.output
def circuit(self):
super().circuit()
R = Resistor()
stiff_voltage = Divider(type='resistive')(V=self.V,
V_out=self.V_split +
0.6 @ u_V,
Load=self.I_b)
stiff_voltage.input += self.v_ref
stiff_voltage.gnd += self.gnd
stiff_voltage.v_ref += self.v_ref
splitter = Bipolar(type='npn', common='emitter',
follow='collector')(collector=R(self.R_out),
emitter=R(self.R_out))
split = stiff_voltage & self & splitter
self.output = Net('OutputInverse')
self.output_n += splitter.collector
self.output += splitter.emitter
R_in = R.parallel_sum(
R,
[self.R_out * 2, stiff_voltage.R_in, stiff_voltage.R_out]) @ u_Ohm
self.C_in = (1 / (2 * pi * self.f_3db * R_in)) @ u_F
signal = Net('VoltageShiftAcInput')
ac_coupling = signal & Capacitor()(self.C_in) & self.input
self.input = signal
def circuit(self):
for signal in self.inputs:
or_gate = Bipolar(type='npn', common='emitter',
follow='emitter')(collector=self.v_ref,
base=Resistor()(10000),
emitter=self.output)
signal & or_gate.input
pulldown = self.output & Resistor()(10000) & self.gnd
def circuit(self):
super().circuit()
rc = self \
& Resistor()(10000) \
& Bipolar(
type='npn',
common='emitter'
)(collector=self.load_block) & self.gnd
def mirror(self, programmer):
self.R_g = (self.V - self.V_drop) / self.I_load
mirror = Bipolar(type='pnp', follow='collector', common='base')()
mirroring = mirror.base & programmer.base
generator = Resistor()(self.R_g)
sink = self.ref_input(
) & programmer & programmer.base & generator & self.gnd
load = self.ref_input() & mirror
return mirror.output
def circuit(self):
super().circuit()
rc = self \
& Resistor()(10000) \
& Bipolar(
type='pnp',
common='collector',
follow='collector'
)(collector = self.load_block) & self.gnd
def circuit(self):
v_ref = self.v_ref
for signal in self.inputs:
and_input = Bipolar(type='npn',
follow='emitter')(collector=v_ref,
base=Resistor()(10000))
and_input.input += signal
v_ref = and_input.output
self.outputs = [v_ref]
pulldown = v_ref & Resistor()(10000) & self.gnd
def circuit(self):
new_outputs = []
for signal in self.inputs:
inverted = Net('LogicInverted')
inverter = Bipolar(type='npn', common='emitter', follow='collector')(
collector = Resistor()(1000),
base = Resistor()(10000)
)
inverter.v_ref += self.v_ref
inverter.gnd += self.gnd
circuit = signal & inverter & inverted
new_outputs.append(inverted)
self.outputs = new_outputs
def circuit(self, **kwargs):
generator = Bipolar(type='npn', follow='emitter')()
self.V_e = generator.V_je + randint(1, int(u(self.V) / 2)) @ u_V
self.V_b = self.V_e + generator.V_je
self.R_e = self.V_e / self.I_load
generator.collector += self.output_n
controller = Divider(type='resistive')(V=self.V,
V_out=self.V_b,
Load=self.I_load)
controller.input += self.v_ref
controller.gnd += self.gnd
source = controller.output & generator & Resistor()(
self.R_e) & self.gnd
def circuit(self):
Gate = Bipolar(type='npn', follow='collector', common='emitter')
R = Resistor()
D = Diode(type='generic')
def Oscillator(controller, width):
# R1 & R2 should be chosen such that it should give the required collector current during saturation state.
# Min. Base Current, Ibmin = Ic / β, where β is the hFE of the transistor
# Safe Base Current,Ib = 10 * Ibmin = 3 x Ic / β
return Decay()(
V_out = self.V * 0.5,
Time_to_V_out = width,
Load = (self.V - controller.V_je) / (3 * self.I_load / controller.Beta), # * 10 because in Decay Load / 10
reverse = True
)
def State():
return Gate(
# The resistance R should be designed to limit the collector current Ic with in a safe limit.
# In normal cases, V = (Vcc – Vce)
collector = lambda T: R((self.V - T.V_ce) / self.I_load)
)
def Sharp(state, oscillator):
oscillator.gnd & R(self.R_load) & self.v_ref
return state & oscillator.gnd & D(V=self.V, Load=self.Load)
set = State()
set_oscillator = Oscillator(set, self.set_period)
reset = State()
reset_oscillator = Oscillator(reset, self.reset_period)
self.v_ref & reset_oscillator.input & set_oscillator.input & set.v_ref & reset.v_ref
Sharp(set, reset_oscillator) & self.output
Sharp(reset, set_oscillator) & self.output_n
reset_oscillator & reset.input
set_oscillator & set.input
self.gnd & set.gnd & reset.gnd
def circuit(self):
super().circuit()
"""
The collector resistor can be added to protect the transistor from momentary output
short circuits by limiting the current, even though it is not essential to the emitter follower
function.
Choose value so that the voltage drop across it is less than the drop across resistor for the highest
normal load current (i.e., so that the transistor does not saturate at maximum load).
"""
protect = Resistor()(self.R_load * 5)
"""
By using an emitter follower to isolate the zener, you get the improved circuit.
Zener current can be made relatively independent
of load current, since the transistor base current is small, and far lower zener power
dissipation is possible (reduced by as much as a factor of `β`).
"""
follower = Bipolar(type='npn', follow='emitter')(base=protect)
follower.input & self.output
follower.v_ref & self.input
self.output = follower.output
def circuit(self):
R = Resistor()
self.R_c = self.V / 2 / self.I_quiescent
self.R_e = self.R_load
self.R_out = (0 @ u_V - self.V_inv) / (self.I_quiescent * 2)
self.r_e = 0.026 @ u_V / self.I_quiescent
self.G_diff = u(self.R_c / (2 * (self.r_e + self.R_e)))
self.G_cm = u(-1 * self.R_c / (2 * self.R_out + self.R_e + self.r_e))
self.CMMR = u(self.R_out / (self.R_e + self.r_e))
amplifier = Bipolar(type='npn', common='emitter', follow='collector')
# First amplifier INVERTING
left = amplifier(
collector=R(self.R_c),
emitter=R(self.R_e) # Emitter resistore conected to bipolar
)
right = amplifier(collector=R(self.R_c), emitter=R(self.R_e))
power = self.v_ref & left.v_ref & right.v_ref
left_input = self.input & left & self.output_n
right_input = self.input_n & right & self.output
sink = left.gnd & right.gnd & R(self.R_out) & self.v_inv
def State():
return Bipolar(type='npn', follow='collector',
common='emitter')(base=Resistor()(self.R_load * 10),
collector=Resistor()(self.R_load))
