def _normalize_asset(asset, is_transfer=False):
"""
Normalizes the given asset dictionary.
For now, this means converting the given asset dictionary to a
:class:`~.bigchaindb.common.transaction.Asset` class.
Args:
asset (dict): The asset to normalize.
is_transfer (boal, optional): Flag used to indicate whether the
asset is to be used as part of a `'TRANSFER'` operation or
not. Defaults to ``False``.
Returns:
The :class:`~.bigchaindb.common.transaction.Asset` class,
instantiated from the given asset dictionary.
.. important:: If the instantiation step fails, ``None`` may be
returned.
.. danger:: For specific internal usage only. The behavior is tricky,
and is subject to change.
"""
if is_transfer:
asset = Asset.from_dict(asset)
else:
try:
asset = Asset(**asset)
except (AttributeError, TypeError):
if not asset:
asset = None
return asset
def transfer(self, transaction, *owners_after, asset, signing_key=None):
"""Issue a transaction to transfer an asset.
Args:
transaction (dict): The transaction to transfer.
owners_after (str): Zero or more public keys of the new owners.
asset (dict): Asset to transfer.
signing_key (str): Private key used to sign transactions.
Returns:
dict: The transaction pushed to the Federation.
Raises:
:class:`~bigchaindb_driver.exceptions.InvalidSigningKey`: If
neither ``signing_key`` nor ``self.signing_key`` have been set.
"""
signing_key = signing_key if signing_key else self.signing_key
if not signing_key:
raise InvalidSigningKey
transaction_obj = Transaction.from_dict(transaction)
signed_transfer_transaction = Transaction.transfer(
transaction_obj.to_inputs(),
list(owners_after),
asset=Asset.from_dict(asset),
).sign([signing_key]).to_dict()
return self._push(signed_transfer_transaction)
def create_transfer(p_num):
print(p_num, ":create_transfer start")
while True:
alice, bob = generate_keypair(), generate_keypair()
asset = Asset(data={'money': 'RMB'}, data_id='20170628150000', divisible=True)
metadata = {'planet': 'earth'}
tx_create = Transaction.create([alice.public_key], [([alice.public_key], 1)], metadata=metadata, asset=asset)
tx_create = tx_create.sign([alice.private_key])
try:
create_queue.put(tx_create, False)
except Full:
print(p_num, ":create_queue full", create_queue.qsize())
break
cid = 0
condition = tx_create.to_dict()['transaction']['conditions'][cid]
inputs = Fulfillment.from_dict({
'fulfillment': condition['condition']['details'],
'input': {
'cid': cid,
'txid': tx_create.to_dict()['id'],
},
'owners_before': condition['owners_after'],
})
asset = Asset.from_dict(tx_create.to_dict()['transaction']['asset'])
tx_transfer = Transaction.transfer([inputs], [([bob.public_key], 1)], asset)
tx_transfer = tx_transfer.sign([alice.private_key])
try:
transfer_queue.put(tx_transfer, False)
except Full:
print(p_num, ":transfer_queue full")
break
def get_asset_by_id(self, asset_id):
"""Returns the asset associated with an asset_id.
Args:
asset_id (str): The asset id.
Returns:
:class:`~bigchaindb.common.transaction.Asset` if the asset
exists else None.
"""
cursor = backend.query.get_asset_by_id(self.connection, asset_id)
cursor = list(cursor)
if cursor:
return Asset.from_dict(cursor[0]['asset'])
def create_transfer():
##################################################### 1.CREATE
# Cryptographic Identities Generation
alice, bob = generate_keypair(), generate_keypair()
# Digital Asset Definition (e.g. bicycle)
asset = Asset(data={"bicycle": {"manufacturer": "bkfab", "serial_number": "abcd1234"}})
# Metadata Definition
metadata = {'planet': 'earth'}
# create trnsaction TODO : owners_before might be node_pubkey in v0.8.0
tx = Transaction.create([alice.public_key], [([alice.public_key], 1)], metadata=metadata, asset=asset)
print(" ")
print("1.tx_create asset id : alice-----bicycle(", tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset']['id'], ")----->alice")
print("1.tx_create tx id : ", tx.to_dict()['id'])
# sign with alice's private key
tx = tx.sign([alice.private_key])
tx_id = tx.to_dict()['id']
# write to backlog
b = Bigchain()
print("1.tx_create db response : ", b.write_transaction(tx))
# wait 2 sec
sleep(delay)
# get tx by id
tx = b.get_transaction(tx_id)
print("1.tx_create query : ", tx)
# print("tx1_id:"+tx.to_dict()['id'])
print(" ")
##################################################### 2.TRANSFER
# inputs and asset [fake]
cid = 0
condition = tx.to_dict()['transaction']['conditions'][cid]
inputs = Fulfillment.from_dict({
'fulfillment': condition['condition']['details'],
'input': {
'cid': cid,
'txid': tx.to_dict()['id'],
},
'owners_before': [bob.public_key],
})
asset = Asset.from_dict(tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset'])
# transfer
tx = Transaction.transfer([inputs], [([bob.public_key], 1)], asset)
print("2.tx_fake asset id : bob-----bicycle(", tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset']['id'], ")----->bob")
print("2.tx_fake tx id : ", tx.to_dict()['id'])
# sign with bob's private key [fake]
tx = tx.sign([bob.private_key])
tx_id = tx.to_dict()['id']
# write to backlog
b = Bigchain()
print("2.tx_fake db response : ", b.write_transaction(tx))
# wait 2 sec
sleep(delay)
# get tx by id
tx = b.get_transaction(tx_id)
print("2.tx_fake query : ", tx)
# print("tx2_id:"+tx.to_dict()['id'])
print(" ")
def create_transfer():
##################################################### 1.CREATE
# Cryptographic Identities Generation
alice, bob, tom = generate_keypair(), generate_keypair(), generate_keypair(
)
asset = Asset(data={'money': 'RMB'},
data_id='20170628150000',
divisible=True)
metadata = {'planet': 'earth'}
tx = Transaction.create([alice.public_key], [([alice.public_key], 1000)],
metadata=metadata,
asset=asset)
print(" ")
print("1.tx_create asset id : alice-----money 1000(",
tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset']['id'], ")----->alice")
print("1.tx_create tx id : ", tx.to_dict()['id'])
# sign with alice's private key
tx = tx.sign([alice.private_key])
tx_id = tx.to_dict()['id']
# write to backlog
b = Bigchain()
print("1.tx_create db response : ", b.write_transaction(tx))
# wait 4 sec
sleep(delay)
# get tx by id
tx = b.get_transaction(tx_id)
print("1.tx_create query : ", tx)
# print("tx1_id:"+tx.to_dict()['id'])
print(" ")
##################################################### 2.TRANSFER
# inputs and asset
cid = 0
condition = tx.to_dict()['transaction']['conditions'][cid]
inputs = Fulfillment.from_dict({
'fulfillment':
condition['condition']['details'],
'input': {
'cid': cid,
'txid': tx.to_dict()['id'],
},
'owners_before':
condition['owners_after'],
})
asset = Asset.from_dict(tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset'])
# transfer
tx = Transaction.transfer([inputs], [([bob.public_key], 300),
([alice.public_key], 700)], asset)
print("2.tx_transfer asset id : alice-----money 300(",
tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset']['id'], ")----->bob")
print("2.tx_transfer tx id : ", tx.to_dict()['id'])
print("2.tx_transfer tx : ", tx.to_dict())
print(" ")
# sign with alice's private key
tx = tx.sign([alice.private_key])
# man in the middle attack, then write to backlog
tx.conditions[0].amount = 600
tx.conditions[1].amount = 400
print("3.tx_attack asset id : alice-----money 600(",
tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset']['id'], ")----->tom")
print("3.tx_attack tx id : ", tx.to_dict()['id'])
print("3.tx_attack tx : ", tx.to_dict())
tx_id = tx.to_dict()['id']
b = Bigchain()
print("3.tx_attack db response : ", b.write_transaction(tx))
# wait 4 sec
sleep(delay)
# get tx by id
tx = b.get_transaction(tx_id)
print("3.tx_attack query : ", tx)
print(" ")
def create_double():
##################################################### 1.CREATE
# Cryptographic Identities Generation
alice, bob = generate_keypair(), generate_keypair()
# Digital Asset Definition (e.g. money)
asset = Asset(data={'money': 'RMB'},
data_id='20170628150000',
divisible=True)
# Metadata Definition
metadata = {'planet': 'earth'}
# create trnsaction TODO : owners_before might be node_pubkey in v0.8.0
tx = Transaction.create([alice.public_key], [([alice.public_key], 100),
([alice.public_key], 100)],
metadata=metadata,
asset=asset)
print(" ")
print("1.tx_create asset id : alice-----money(",
tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset']['id'], ")----->alice")
print("1.tx_create tx id : ", tx.to_dict()['id'])
# sign with alice's private key
tx = tx.sign([alice.private_key])
tx_id = tx.to_dict()['id']
# write to backlog
b = Bigchain()
print("1.tx_create db response : ", b.write_transaction(tx))
# wait 2 sec
sleep(delay)
# get tx by id
tx = b.get_transaction(tx_id)
unspent = b.get_outputs_filtered_not_include_freeze(
alice.public_key, False)
print("1.tx_create query : ", tx)
print("1.tx_create unspent : ", unspent)
print(" ")
##################################################### 2.TRANSFER
# inputs and asset
cid = 0
condition = tx.to_dict()['transaction']['conditions'][cid]
inputs = Fulfillment.from_dict({
'fulfillment':
condition['condition']['details'],
'input': {
'cid': cid,
'txid': tx.to_dict()['id'],
},
'owners_before': [alice.public_key],
})
asset = Asset.from_dict(tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset'])
# transfer
tx1 = Transaction.transfer([inputs], [([bob.public_key], 100)], asset)
print("2.tx_transfer asset id : alice-----money(",
tx1.to_dict()['transaction']['asset']['id'], ")----->bob")
print("2.tx_transfer tx id : ", tx1.to_dict()['id'])
# sign with alice's private key
tx1 = tx1.sign([alice.private_key])
tx1_id = tx1.to_dict()['id']
# write to backlog
b = Bigchain()
print("2.tx_transfer db response : ", b.write_transaction(tx1))
# wait 2 sec
sleep(delay)
# get tx by id
tx1 = b.get_transaction(tx1_id)
block = list(b.get_blocks_status_containing_tx(tx1_id).keys())[0]
votes = list(b.backend.get_votes_by_block_id(block))
votes_cast = [vote['vote']['is_block_valid'] for vote in votes]
election = b.get_blocks_status_containing_tx(tx1_id)
print("2.tx_transfer query : ", tx1)
print("2.tx_transfer block : ", block)
print("2. votes : ", votes)
print("2. votes_cast : ", votes_cast)
print("2. election : ", election)
print(" ")
##################################################### 3.INTERVAL
# Cryptographic Identities Generation
alice, bob = generate_keypair(), generate_keypair()
# Digital Asset Definition (e.g. money)
asset = Asset(data={'money': 'RMB'},
data_id='20170628150000',
divisible=True)
# Metadata Definition
metadata = {'planet': 'earth'}
# create trnsaction TODO : owners_before might be node_pubkey in v0.8.0
txi = Transaction.create([alice.public_key], [([alice.public_key], 100),
([alice.public_key], 100)],
metadata=metadata,
asset=asset)
print(" ")
print("1.tx_create asset id : alice-----money(",
tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset']['id'], ")----->alice")
print("1.tx_create tx id : ", txi.to_dict()['id'])
# sign with alice's private key
txi = txi.sign([alice.private_key])
tx_id = txi.to_dict()['id']
# write to backlog
b = Bigchain()
print("1.tx_create db response : ", b.write_transaction(tx))
# wait 2 sec
sleep(delay)
##################################################### 3.TRANSFER
# inputs and asset [double spend]
cid = 1
condition = tx.to_dict()['transaction']['conditions'][cid]
inputs = Fulfillment.from_dict({
'fulfillment':
condition['condition']['details'],
'input': {
'cid': cid,
'txid': tx.to_dict()['id'],
},
'owners_before': [alice.public_key],
})
asset = Asset.from_dict(tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset'])
# transfer
tx1 = Transaction.transfer([inputs], [([bob.public_key], 100)], asset)
print("3.tx_double asset id : alice-----money(",
tx1.to_dict()['transaction']['asset']['id'], ")----->bob")
print("3.tx_double tx id : ", tx1.to_dict()['id'])
# sign with alice's private key
tx1 = tx1.sign([alice.private_key])
tx1_id = tx1.to_dict()['id']
# write to backlog
b = Bigchain()
print("3.tx_double db response : ", b.write_transaction(tx1))
# wait 2 sec
sleep(delay)
# get tx by id
tx1 = b.get_transaction(tx1_id)
block = list(b.get_blocks_status_containing_tx(tx1_id).keys())[0]
votes = list(b.backend.get_votes_by_block_id(block))
votes_cast = [vote['vote']['is_block_valid'] for vote in votes]
election = b.get_blocks_status_containing_tx(tx1_id)
print("3.tx_transfer query : ", tx1)
print("3.tx_transfer block : ", block)
print("3. votes : ", votes)
print("3. votes_cast : ", votes_cast)
print("3. election : ", election)
print(" ")
def create_transfer(alicepub, alicepriv, include_spent):
##################################################### 1.CREATE
# Cryptographic Identities Generation
# alice, bob = generate_keypair(), generate_keypair()
# Digital Asset Definition (e.g. bicycle)
asset = Asset(data={
"bicycle": {
"manufacturer": "bkfab",
"serial_number": "abcd1234"
}
},
data_id="334cd061-846b-4213-bd25-588e951def5f")
# Metadata Definition
metadata = {'planet': 'earth'}
# create trnsaction TODO : owners_before might be node_pubkey in v0.8.0
tx = Transaction.create([alicepub], [([alicepub], 100)],
metadata=metadata,
asset=asset)
# sign with alice's private key
tx = tx.sign([alicepriv])
tx_id = tx.to_dict()['id']
# write to backlog
b = Bigchain()
b.write_transaction(tx)
print("========create 100 asset for userA========")
print("========wait for block and vote...========")
# wait 2 sec
sleep(5)
# get tx by id
tx = b.get_transaction(tx_id)
print("create 100 asset tx1_id:" + tx.to_dict()['id'])
##################################################### 3.UTXO
# inputs and asset
utxo = b.get_outputs_filtered_not_include_freeze(alicepub, include_spent)
for u in utxo:
# print(u)
u.pop('details')
print('userA unspent asset:')
print(json.dumps(utxo, indent=4))
# print(json.load(utxo))
##################################################### 2.Freeze
# inputs and asset
cid = 0
condition = tx.to_dict()['transaction']['conditions'][cid]
inputs = Fulfillment.from_dict({
'fulfillment':
condition['condition']['details'],
'input': {
'cid': cid,
'txid': tx.to_dict()['id'],
},
'owners_before':
condition['owners_after'],
})
asset = Asset.from_dict(tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset'])
# transfer
tx = Transaction.freeze_asset([inputs], [([alicepub], 90, True),
([alicepub], 10, False)], asset)
# sign with alice's private key
tx = tx.sign([alicepriv])
tx_id = tx.to_dict()['id']
# write to backlog
b = Bigchain()
b.write_transaction(tx)
print("========freeze 90 asset for userA ========")
print("========wait for block and vote...========")
# wait 2 sec
sleep(5)
# get tx by id
tx = b.get_transaction(tx_id)
print("freeze 90 asset tx2_id:" + tx.to_dict()['id'])
##################################################### 3.UTXO
# inputs and asset
utxo = b.get_outputs_filtered_not_include_freeze(alicepub, include_spent)
for u in utxo:
# print(u)
u.pop('details')
print('userA unspent asset:')
print(json.dumps(utxo, indent=4))
def create_transfer():
##################################################### 1.CREATE
# Cryptographic Identities Generation
alice, bob, tom = generate_keypair(), generate_keypair(), generate_keypair()
asset = Asset(data={"bicycle": {"manufacturer": "bkfab", "serial_number": "abcd1234"}})
metadata = {'planet': 'earth'}
tx = Transaction.create([alice.public_key], [([alice.public_key], 1)], metadata=metadata, asset=asset)
print(" ")
print("1.tx_create asset id : alice-----bicycle(", tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset']['id'], ")----->alice")
print("1.tx_create tx id : ", tx.to_dict()['id'])
# sign with alice's private key
tx = tx.sign([alice.private_key])
tx_id = tx.to_dict()['id']
# write to backlog
b = Bigchain()
print("1.tx_create db response : ", b.write_transaction(tx))
# wait 4 sec
sleep(delay)
# get tx by id
tx = b.get_transaction(tx_id)
print("1.tx_create query : ", tx)
# print("tx1_id:"+tx.to_dict()['id'])
print(" ")
##################################################### 2.TRANSFER
# inputs and asset
cid = 0
condition = tx.to_dict()['transaction']['conditions'][cid]
inputs = Fulfillment.from_dict({
'fulfillment': condition['condition']['details'],
'input': {
'cid': cid,
'txid': tx.to_dict()['id'],
},
'owners_before': condition['owners_after'],
})
asset = Asset.from_dict(tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset'])
# transfer
tx = Transaction.transfer([inputs], [([bob.public_key], 1)], asset)
print("2.tx_transfer asset id : alice-----bicycle(", tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset']['id'], ")----->bob")
print("2.tx_transfer tx id : ", tx.to_dict()['id'])
print("2.tx_transfer tx : ", tx.to_dict())
print(" ")
# sign with alice's private key
tx = tx.sign([alice.private_key])
# man in the middle attack, then write to backlog
tx.conditions[0].owners_after = [tom.public_key]
print("3.tx_attack asset id : alice-----bicycle(", tx.to_dict()['transaction']['asset']['id'], ")----->tom")
print("3.tx_attack tx id : ", tx.to_dict()['id'])
print("3.tx_attack tx : ", tx.to_dict())
tx_id = tx.to_dict()['id']
b = Bigchain()
print("3.tx_attack db response : ", b.write_transaction(tx))
# wait 4 sec
sleep(delay)
# get tx by id
tx = b.get_transaction(tx_id)
print("3.tx_attack query : ", tx)
print(" ")