def couldsOval(position_x,position_y):
"""
The following code print out some cloud
"""
for i in range(position_x,window.width,100):
clouds = GOval(50,30,x=i,y=position_y+10)
window.add(clouds)
clouds.filled = True
clouds.color = "Blue"
clouds.fill_color = "Blue"
for j in range(position_x+25,window.width,100):
clouds = GOval(40,30,x=j,y=position_y)
window.add(clouds)
clouds.filled = True
clouds.color = "Blue"
clouds.fill_color = "Blue"
for k in range(position_x+25,window.width,100):
clouds = GOval(40,30,x=k,y=position_y+20)
window.add(clouds)
clouds.filled = True
clouds.color = "Blue"
clouds.fill_color = "Blue"
for l in range(position_x-25,window.width,100):
clouds = GOval(40,30,x=l,y=position_y)
window.add(clouds)
clouds.filled = True
clouds.color = "Blue"
clouds.fill_color = "Blue"
for m in range(position_x-25,window.width,100):
clouds = GOval(40,30,x=m,y=position_y+20)
window.add(clouds)
clouds.filled = True
clouds.color = "Blue"
clouds.fill_color = "Blue"
def build_karel4():
"""
This function builds the fourth karel
"""
add = 3
head = GOval(80, 55, x=190 + 120 * add, y=167)
head.filled = True
head.color = 'black'
head.fill_color = 'gray'
window.add(head)
hair1 = GLine(590, 167, 590, 161)
hair2 = GLine(588, 168, 585, 162)
hair3 = GLine(592, 168, 595, 162)
hair4 = GLine(585, 168, 582, 162)
hair5 = GLine(595, 168, 598, 162)
window.add(hair1)
window.add(hair2)
window.add(hair3)
window.add(hair4)
window.add(hair5)
r_eye = GOval(14, 14, x=212 + 120 * add, y=189)
r_eye.filled = True
r_eye.color = 'black'
r_eye.fill_color = 'blue'
window.add(r_eye)
l_eye = GOval(14, 14, x=235 + 120 * add, y=189)
l_eye.filled = True
l_eye.color = 'black'
l_eye.fill_color = 'blue'
window.add(l_eye)
hands = GRect(105, 45, x=177 + 120 * add, y=237)
hands.filled = True
hands.color = 'black'
hands.fill_color = 'lime'
window.add(hands)
body_1 = GRect(60, 65, x=201 + 120 * add, y=223)
body_1.filled = True
body_1.color = 'black'
body_1.fill_color ='blue'
window.add(body_1)
body_2 = GRect(80, 60, x=190 + 120 * add, y=230)
body_2.filled = True
body_2.color = 'black'
body_2.fill_color = 'blue'
window.add(body_2)
r_foot = GOval(29, 24, x=190 + 120 * add, y=290)
r_foot.filled = True
r_foot.color = 'black'
r_foot.fill_color = 'red'
window.add(r_foot)
l_foot = GOval(29, 24, x=241 + 120 * add, y=290)
l_foot.filled = True
l_foot.color = 'black'
l_foot.fill_color = 'red'
window.add(l_foot)
label = GRect(20, 20, x=218+120*add, y=130)
label.filled = True
label.fill_color = 'forestgreen'
label.color = 'forestgreen'
window.add(label)
def face(dx=0, dy=0, main_color='greenyellow', necklace_color='purple'):
"""
Function: draw face
Principle: use ellipse subtraction to create curved shape
:param dx: x-axis displacement
:param dy: y-axis displacement
:param main_color: main color
:param necklace_color: necklace color
"""
face = GOval(350, 200, x=dx + 135, y=dy + 135)
face.filled = True
face.color = main_color
face.fill_color = main_color
window.add(face)
necklace = GOval(300, 70, x=dx + 160, y=dy + 270)
necklace.filled = True
necklace.color = necklace_color
necklace.fill_color = necklace_color
window.add(necklace)
necklace_x = GOval(330, 100, x=dx + 145, y=dy + 215)
necklace_x.filled = True
necklace_x.color = main_color
necklace_x.fill_color = main_color
window.add(necklace_x)
def eye(window):
"""
:param window:window
"""
eye1 = GOval(30, 70, x=window.width / 2 - 32, y=window.height / 2 - 35)
eye1.filled = True
eye1.fill_color = "snow"
window.add(eye1)
eye11 = GOval(20, 40, x=window.width / 2 - 27, y=window.height / 2 - 5)
eye11.filled = True
window.add(eye11)
eye2 = GOval(30,
70,
x=window.width - eye1.x - 23,
y=window.height - eye1.y - 70)
eye2.filled = True
eye2.fill_color = "snow"
window.add(eye2)
eye22 = GOval(20,
40,
x=window.width - eye11.x - 12,
y=window.height - eye11.y - 10)
eye22.filled = True
window.add(eye22)
nose(window)
def ear(dx=0, dy=0, main_color='greenyellow', back_color='white'):
"""
Function: draw ears
Principle: use ellipse subtraction to create curved shape
:param dx: x-axis displacement
:param dy: y-axis displacement
:param back_color: background color
:param main_color: main color
"""
l_ear = GOval(80, 150, x=dx + 80, y=dy + 150)
l_ear.filled = True
l_ear.color = main_color
l_ear.fill_color = main_color
window.add(l_ear)
l_ear_x = GOval(40, 140, x=dx + 70, y=dy + 155)
l_ear_x.filled = True
l_ear_x.color = back_color
l_ear_x.fill_color = back_color
window.add(l_ear_x)
r_ear = GOval(80, 150, x=dx + 460, y=dy + 150)
r_ear.filled = True
r_ear.color = main_color
r_ear.fill_color = main_color
window.add(r_ear)
r_ear_x = GOval(40, 140, x=dx + 510, y=dy + 155)
r_ear_x.filled = True
r_ear_x.color = back_color
r_ear_x.fill_color = back_color
window.add(r_ear_x)
def dinosaur():
dinosaur_img = GOval(250, 400, x=25, y=540)
dinosaur_img.filled = True
dinosaur_img.fill_color = 'green'
dinosaur_img.color = 'green'
window.add(dinosaur_img)
dinosaur_head_img = GOval(230, 300, x=100, y=600)
dinosaur_head_img.filled = True
dinosaur_head_img.fill_color = 'green'
dinosaur_head_img.color = 'green'
window.add(dinosaur_head_img)
dinosaur_eye_img = GOval(30, 50, x=200, y=585)
dinosaur_eye_img.filled = True
dinosaur_eye_img.fill_color = 'lightgreen'
dinosaur_eye_img.color = 'lightgreen'
window.add(dinosaur_eye_img)
dinosaur_eye1_img = GOval(15, 15, x=212, y=590)
dinosaur_eye1_img.filled = True
dinosaur_eye1_img.fill_color = 'black'
dinosaur_eye1_img.color = 'black'
window.add(dinosaur_eye1_img)
dinosaur_eye1_img = GOval(5, 5, x=222, y=590)
dinosaur_eye1_img.filled = True
dinosaur_eye1_img.fill_color = 'white'
dinosaur_eye1_img.color = 'black'
window.add(dinosaur_eye1_img)
def mac_window():
# create Mac window
big_rect = GRect(750, 500, x=5, y=5)
big_rect.color = 'lightgrey'
# create tool bar
small_rect = GRect(750, 18, x=5, y=5)
small_rect.filled = True
small_rect.color = 'lightgrey'
small_rect.fill_color = 'gainsboro'
# create close window button
oval_1 = GOval(12, 12, x=7, y=7)
oval_1.filled = True
oval_1.color = 'tomato'
oval_1.fill_color = 'tomato'
# create minimize window button
oval_2 = GOval(12, 12, x=27, y=7)
oval_2.filled = True
oval_2.color = 'gold'
oval_2.fill_color = 'gold'
# create maximize window button
oval_3 = GOval(12, 12, x=47, y=7)
oval_3.filled = True
oval_3.color = 'limegreen'
oval_3.fill_color = 'limegreen'
window.add(big_rect)
window.add(small_rect)
window.add(oval_1)
window.add(oval_2)
window.add(oval_3)
def eye():
eye0 = GOval(50, 70, x=120, y=130)
window.add(eye0)
eye0.filled = True
eye0.fill_color = 'yellow'
eye1 = GOval(50, 70, x=180, y=130)
eye1.filled = True
eye1.fill_color = 'yellow'
window.add(eye1)
def down_feet():
down0 = GOval(70, 20, x=475, y=540)
down0.filled = True
down0.fill_color = 'pink'
window.add(down0)
down1 = GOval(70, 20, x=580, y=540)
down1.filled = True
down1.fill_color = 'pink'
window.add(down1)
def monster_hand():
m_hand0 = GOval(80, 50, x=440, y=300)
m_hand0.filled = True
m_hand0.fill_color = 'dark green'
window.add(m_hand0)
m_hand1 = GOval(80, 50, x=440, y=330)
m_hand1.filled = True
m_hand1.fill_color = 'dark green'
window.add(m_hand1)
def monster_feet():
foot0 = GOval(100, 40, x=460, y=520)
foot0.filled = True
foot0.fill_color = 'green'
window.add(foot0)
foot1 = GOval(100, 40, x=560, y=520)
foot1.filled = True
foot1.fill_color = 'green'
window.add(foot1)
def monster_leg():
leg0 = GOval(100, 60, x=520, y=480)
leg0.filled = True
leg0.fill_color = 'dark green'
window.add(leg0)
leg1 = GOval(100, 60, x=560, y=480)
leg1.filled = True
leg1.fill_color = 'dark green'
window.add(leg1)
def arm():
arm0 = GOval(70, 20, x=230, y=350)
arm0.filled = True
arm0.fill_color = 'silver'
window.add(arm0)
arm1 = GOval(70, 20, x=60, y=350)
arm1.filled = True
arm1.fill_color = 'silver'
window.add(arm1)
def build_karel1():
"""
This function builds the first karel
"""
head = GOval(80, 55, x=190, y=167)
head.filled = True
head.color = 'black'
head.fill_color = 'gray'
window.add(head)
r_eye = GRect(13, 13, x=212, y=189)
r_eye.filled = True
r_eye.color = 'black'
r_eye.fill_color = 'blue'
window.add(r_eye)
l_eye = GRect(13, 13, x=235, y=189)
l_eye.filled = True
l_eye.color = 'black'
l_eye.fill_color = 'blue'
window.add(l_eye)
r_eyeb = GLine(212, 185, 225, 185)
window.add(r_eyeb)
l_eyeb = GLine(235, 185, 248, 185)
window.add(l_eyeb)
hands = GRect(105, 45, x=177, y=237)
hands.filled = True
hands.color = 'black'
hands.fill_color = 'lime'
window.add(hands)
body_1 = GRect(60, 65, x=201, y=223)
body_1.filled = True
body_1.color = 'black'
body_1.fill_color = 'blue'
window.add(body_1)
body_2 = GRect(80, 60, x=190, y=230)
body_2.filled = True
body_2.color = 'black'
body_2.fill_color = 'blue'
window.add(body_2)
r_foot = GOval(29, 24, x=190, y=290)
r_foot.filled = True
r_foot.color = 'black'
r_foot.fill_color = 'red'
window.add(r_foot)
l_foot = GOval(29, 24, x=241, y=290)
l_foot.filled = True
l_foot.color = 'black'
l_foot.fill_color = 'red'
window.add(l_foot)
label = GPolygon()
label.add_vertex((230, 130))
label.add_vertex((218, 150))
label.add_vertex((242, 150))
label.filled = True
label.fill_color = 'firebrick'
label.color = 'firebrick'
window.add(label)
def draw(event):
if event.x > window.width // 2:
stroke = GOval(SIZE, SIZE)
stroke.color = 'black'
stroke.filled = True
stroke.fill_color = stroke.color
else:
stroke = GOval(SIZE, SIZE)
stroke.color = 'blue'
stroke.filled = True
stroke.fill_color = stroke.color
for i in range(2):
window.add(stroke, event.x + SIZE // 2, event.y + SIZE // 2)
def build_karel3():
"""
This function builds the third karel
"""
add = 2
head = GOval(80, 55, x=190 + 120 * add, y=167)
head.filled = True
head.color = 'black'
head.fill_color = 'gray'
window.add(head)
r_eye = GRect(13, 13, x=212 + 120 * add, y=189)
r_eye.filled = True
r_eye.color = 'black'
r_eye.fill_color = 'blue'
window.add(r_eye)
l_eye = GRect(13, 13, x=235 + 120 * add, y=189)
l_eye.filled = True
l_eye.color = 'black'
l_eye.fill_color = 'blue'
window.add(l_eye)
hands = GRect(105, 45, x=177 + 120 * add, y=237)
hands.filled = True
hands.color = 'black'
hands.fill_color = 'lime'
window.add(hands)
body_1 = GRect(60, 65, x=201 + 120 * add, y=223)
body_1.filled = True
body_1.color = 'black'
body_1.fill_color = 'blue'
window.add(body_1)
body_2 = GRect(80, 60, x=190 + 120 * add, y=230)
body_2.filled = True
body_2.color = 'black'
body_2.fill_color = 'blue'
window.add(body_2)
r_foot = GOval(29, 24, x=190 + 120 * add, y=290)
r_foot.filled = True
r_foot.color = 'black'
r_foot.fill_color = 'red'
window.add(r_foot)
l_foot = GOval(29, 24, x=241 + 120 * add, y=290)
l_foot.filled = True
l_foot.color = 'black'
l_foot.fill_color = 'red'
window.add(l_foot)
label = GOval(22, 22, x=218+120*add, y=130)
label.filled = True
label.fill_color = 'goldenrod'
label.color = 'goldenrod'
window.add(label)
def build_blocks():
"""
This function builds the blocks of the drawing
"""
block_1 = GRect(375, 80, x=20, y=330)
block_1.filled = True
block_1.color = 'firebrick'
block_1.fill_color = 'firebrick'
window.add(block_1)
block_2 = GRect(375, 80, x=405, y=330)
block_2.filled = True
block_2.color = 'steelblue'
block_2.fill_color = 'steelblue'
window.add(block_2)
block_3 = GRect(375, 80, x=20, y=420)
block_3.filled = True
block_3.color = 'goldenrod'
block_3.fill_color = 'goldenrod'
window.add(block_3)
block_4 = GRect(375, 80, x=405, y=420)
block_4.filled = True
block_4.color = 'forestgreen'
block_4.fill_color = 'forestgreen'
window.add(block_4)
block_5 = GRect(60, 40, x=720, y=120)
block_5.filled = True
block_5.color = 'dodgerblue'
block_5.fill_color = 'dodgerblue'
window.add(block_5)
circle_1 = GOval(90, 90, x=20, y=170)
circle_1.filled = True
circle_1.color = 'blueviolet'
circle_1.fill_color = 'blueviolet'
window.add(circle_1)
def painter(mouse):
global counter, circle_point
#on odd click, create circle on current location
if counter is 0:
circle = GOval(CIRCLE_SIZE,
CIRCLE_SIZE,
x=mouse.x - CIRCLE_SIZE / 2,
y=mouse.y - CIRCLE_SIZE / 2)
circle.filled = False
#record current circle location
circle_point = (circle.x + circle.width / 2,
circle.y + circle.height / 2)
window.add(circle)
# increase counter to one in odd clicks
counter += 1
#on even click, draw line and remove circle
else:
#remove previous circle
window.remove(window.get_object_at(circle_point[0], circle_point[1]))
#draw a line from previous circle center to current mouse location
line = GLine(circle_point[0], circle_point[1], mouse.x, mouse.y)
window.add(line)
#decrease counter to zero in even clicks
counter -= 1
def sierpinski_triangle(order, length, upper_left_x, upper_left_y): """ :param order: decide how many layer of sierpinski triangle :param length: length of triangle's side :param upper_left_x: x coordinate of first triangle's start point :param upper_left_y: y coordinate of first triangle's start point :return: sierpinski triangle of given order """ if order == 0: pass else: triangle = GPolygon() triangle.add_vertex((upper_left_x, upper_left_y)) triangle.add_vertex((upper_left_x + length, upper_left_y)) triangle.add_vertex((upper_left_x + 0.5 * length, upper_left_y + 0.866 * length)) circle = GOval(math.sqrt(3) * length / 3, math.sqrt(3) * length /3, x=upper_left_x + 0.5 * length - math.sqrt(3) * length /6, y=upper_left_y ) circle.filled = True circle.fill_color ='snow' window.add(circle) window.add(triangle) sierpinski_triangle(order - 1, length/2, upper_left_x, upper_left_y) sierpinski_triangle(order - 1, length/2, upper_left_x + 0.25 * length, upper_left_y + 0.433 * length) sierpinski_triangle(order - 1, length/2, upper_left_x + 0.5 * length, upper_left_y)
def add_rainbow(window):
"""This function add a rainbow to the window"""
# initial setting for the rainbow
size_ini_cir = 600
x_cir = WINDOW_WIDTH * 0.5
y_cir = WINDOW_HEIGHT * 0.85
int_cir = 50
# plot the concentric circles
for i in range(len(RAINBOW_COLOR_LIST)):
size_cir = size_ini_cir - int_cir * i
circle = GOval(size_cir,
size_cir,
x=x_cir - size_cir / 2,
y=y_cir - size_cir / 2)
circle.filled = True
circle.color = RAINBOW_COLOR_LIST[i]
circle.fill_color = RAINBOW_COLOR_LIST[i]
window.add(circle)
# block the lower part of the circles by overlaying a box
rect = GRect(size_ini_cir,
size_ini_cir / 2,
x=x_cir - size_ini_cir / 2,
y=y_cir)
rect.filled = True
rect.color = RAINBOW_COLOR_LIST[-1]
rect.fill_color = RAINBOW_COLOR_LIST[-1]
window.add(rect)
def make_a_ball():
global ball
new_ball = GOval(SIZE, SIZE, x=START_X, y=START_Y)
new_ball.filled = True
new_ball.fill_color = 'black'
window.add(new_ball)
ball = new_ball
def create_beeper(e):
# create 4 beepers
size = 50
for i in (1, 3, 7, 9):
beeper = GOval(size, size, x=i * 50 - size / 2, y=400 - size / 2)
beeper.filled = True
beeper.fill_color = 'blue'
window.add(beeper)
label1 = GLabel('001', x=50 - size / 2 + 9, y=400 - size / 2 + 37)
label2 = GLabel('101', x=150 - size / 2 + 9, y=400 - size / 2 + 37)
label3 = GLabel('201', x=350 - size / 2 + 9, y=400 - size / 2 + 37)
label4 = GLabel('202', x=450 - size / 2 + 9, y=400 - size / 2 + 37)
label1.font = '-15'
label2.font = '-15'
label3.font = '-15'
label4.font = '-15'
label1.color = 'white'
label2.color = 'white'
label3.color = 'white'
label4.color = 'white'
window.add(label1)
window.add(label2)
window.add(label3)
window.add(label4)
onmouseclicked(build_karel)
def bounce(m):
global n, V, time, end
if (time < 3) and (end == 0):
window.clear()
end = 1
X = START_X
Y = START_Y
ball = GOval(SIZE, SIZE)
ball.filled = True
window.add(ball, X, Y)
while X < 800:
while Y < 500:
n += 1
pause(DELAY)
window.clear()
window.add(ball, X, Y)
pause(DELAY)
X = X + VX
V = GRAVITY * n
Y = Y + V
V = V * 0.9
n = 0
while V > 0:
n += 0.1
X = X + VX
V = V - GRAVITY * n
Y = Y - V
pause(DELAY)
window.clear()
window.add(ball, X, Y)
pause(DELAY)
window.add(ball, START_X, START_Y)
time += 1
end = 0
def eiffel_tower_bottom():
"""
This function will draw the eiffel tower's bottom on the canvas.
"""
bottom = GRect(398, 100, x=401, y=705)
bottom.filled = True
bottom.fill_color = 'gray'
bottom.color = 'gray'
window.add(bottom)
for i in range(20):
rect = GRect(90-(i*5), 10, x=401, y=700+i*5)
rect.filled=True
rect.fill_color = 'white'
rect.color = 'white'
window.add(rect)
for i in range(20):
rect = GRect(90-(i*5), 10, x=709+i*5, y=700+i*5)
rect.filled = True
rect.fill_color = 'white'
rect.color = 'white'
window.add(rect)
arch = GOval(150, 150, x=523, y=730)
arch.filled = True
arch.fill_color = 'white'
arch.color = 'white'
window.add(arch)
def breed(self):
"""
This method create three circle and one rectangle to compose a cloud shape.
Every time the cloud shape will be displayed in random position of window.
"""
dx = random.randint(10, window.width - 10)
dy = random.randint(10, window.height - 10)
rect = GRect(70, 30)
rect.color = 'mintcream'
rect.filled = True
rect.fill_color = 'mintcream'
self.list.append(rect)
for i in range(3):
circle = GOval(60, 60)
circle.color = 'mintcream'
circle.filled = True
circle.fill_color = 'mintcream'
self.list.append(circle)
window.add(self.list[0], window.width + 45 + dx, 55 + dy)
window.add(self.list[1], window.width + 10 + dx, 25 + dy)
window.add(self.list[2], window.width + 45 + dx, 0 + dy)
window.add(self.list[3], window.width + 80 + dx, 25 + dy)
def arch_triomphe_body():
"""
This function will draw the body part of the
Arch de Triomphe.
"""
body = GRect(280,280, x=860, y=520)
body.filled = True
body.fill_color = 'white'
body.color = 'white'
window.add(body)
arch = GOval(170,290,x=915,y=610)
arch.filled = True
arch.fill_color = 'red'
arch.color = 'red'
window.add(arch)
middle_line = GRect(280, 15, x=860, y=660)
middle_line.filled = True
middle_line.fill_color = 'red'
middle_line.color = 'red'
window.add(middle_line)
upper_line = GRect(280, 15, x=860, y=600)
upper_line.filled = True
upper_line.fill_color = 'red'
upper_line.color = 'red'
window.add(upper_line)
top_line = GRect(280, 20, x=860, y=550)
top_line.filled = True
top_line.fill_color = 'red'
top_line.color = 'red'
window.add(top_line)
def nose(window):
"""
:param window:window
"""
nose_up = GOval(50, 20)
nose_up.filled = True
window.add(nose_up, x=window.width / 2 - nose_up.width // 2, y=245 + 40)
def main():
"""
This program simulates a bouncing ball at (START_X, START_Y)
that has VX as x velocity and 0 as y velocity. Each bounce reduces
y velocity to REDUCE of itself.
"""
global times,switch,VY
ball=GOval(SIZE,SIZE,x=START_X,y=START_Y)
ball.filled= True
ball.fill_color='black'
window.add(ball)
switch = False
onmouseclicked(turn_on)
while True:
pause(DELAY)
if switch==True:
VY+=GRAVITY
ball.move(VX,VY)
pause(DELAY)
if ball.y>window.height:
VY=-REDUCE*VY
if ball.x>window.width:
ball.x=START_X
ball.y=START_Y
times +=1
if times>=3:
break
else:
pass
def bouncing(m):
global START_X, START_Y, VX, GRAVITY, DELAY, click, Time
if Time > 0:
# remove the ball at START_X and START_Y
window.remove(ball)
while click is True: # The ball will not be influenced by click as moving
# creating the ball at the next moving place
ball2 = GOval(SIZE, SIZE, x=START_X + VX, y=START_Y + GRAVITY)
ball2.filled = True
window.add(ball2)
# the primary down speed
gravity = 0
while True: # the process of moving
click = False
gravity = gravity + GRAVITY
ball2.move(VX, gravity)
if ball2.y >= window.height:
gravity = -gravity
gravity = gravity * REDUCE
ball2.move(VX, gravity)
pause(DELAY)
if ball2.x > window.width:
break
# back to the primary place
window.add(ball)
# count the time
Time -= 1
click = True
def karel_head():
# Build Karel's head.
global head
head = GOval(60, 40, x=220, y=20)
head.filled = True
head.fill_color = 'gray'
window.add(head)
return head
