def test_translate():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(3)
p.arc_left(90, 3)
p.turn_left(90)
p.move_forward(3)
p.fill_mode()
p.circle(0.5)
p.move_forward(3)
p.square(1)
p.paper.translate((1, 1))
assert_equal(
p.paper.svg_elements(1),
[
(
'<path d="M1.0,-1.5 L1.0,-0.5 L4.0,-0.5 A 3.5,3.5 0 0 0 '
'7.5,-4.0 L6.5,-4.0 A 2.5,2.5 0 0 1 4.0,-1.5 L1.0,-1.5 z" '
'fill="#000000" />'
),
(
'<path d="M4.5,-4.0 A 0.5,0.5 0 0 0 3.5,-4.0 '
'A 0.5,0.5 0 0 0 4.5,-4.0 z" fill="#000000" />'
),
(
'<path d="M0.5,-3.5 L1.5,-3.5 L1.5,-4.5 L0.5,-4.5 L0.5,-3.5 z" '
'fill="#000000" />'
),
]
)
def test_mirror_end_slant():
paper = Paper()
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.line_forward(5 * sqrt2, end_slant=45)
p.paper.mirror_x(0)
paper.merge(p.paper)
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(45)
p.line_forward(5 * sqrt2)
paper.merge(p.paper)
paper.join_paths()
paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(
paper, 1,
'M-5.5,4.5 L-4.5,5.5 L5.5,-4.5 L4.5,-5.5 L-5.5,4.5 z'
)
def test_translate():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(3)
p.arc_left(90, 3)
p.turn_left(90)
p.move_forward(3)
p.fill_mode()
p.circle(0.5)
p.move_forward(3)
p.square(1)
p.paper.translate((1, 1))
assert_equal(p.paper.svg_elements(1), [
('<path d="M1.0,-1.5 L1.0,-0.5 L4.0,-0.5 A 3.5,3.5 0 0 0 '
'7.5,-4.0 L6.5,-4.0 A 2.5,2.5 0 0 1 4.0,-1.5 L1.0,-1.5 z" '
'fill="#000000" />'),
('<path d="M4.5,-4.0 A 0.5,0.5 0 0 0 3.5,-4.0 '
'A 0.5,0.5 0 0 0 4.5,-4.0 z" fill="#000000" />'),
('<path d="M0.5,-3.5 L1.5,-3.5 L1.5,-4.5 L0.5,-4.5 L0.5,-3.5 z" '
'fill="#000000" />'),
])
def test_center_on_xy():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(4)
p.move_to((2, 1))
p.circle(1)
p.paper.center_on_x(0)
assert_equal(p.paper.svg_elements(0), [
'<path d="M-2,-1 L-2,1 L2,1 L2,-1 L-2,-1 z" fill="#000000" />',
'<path d="M2,-1 A 2,2 0 0 0 -2,-1 A 2,2 0 0 0 2,-1 z" fill="#000000" />',
])
p.paper.center_on_y(0)
assert_equal(p.paper.svg_elements(1), [
('<path d="M-2.0,0.0 L-2.0,2.0 L2.0,2.0 L2.0,0.0 L-2.0,0.0 z" '
'fill="#000000" />'),
('<path d="M2.0,0.0 A 2.0,2.0 0 0 0 -2.0,0.0 '
'A 2.0,2.0 0 0 0 2.0,0.0 z" fill="#000000" />'),
])
def test_copy_loop():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(0.2)
def square():
p.turn_to(180)
p.line_forward(1)
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(1)
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(1)
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(1)
p.move_to((0, 0))
square()
p = p.copy(paper=True)
p.move_to((2, 0))
square()
assert_path_data(
p, 1,
(
'M0.1,-0.1 L-1.1,-0.1 L-1.1,1.1 L0.1,1.1 L0.1,-0.1 z '
'M-0.1,0.1 L-0.1,0.9 L-0.9,0.9 L-0.9,0.1 L-0.1,0.1 z '
'M2.1,-0.1 L0.9,-0.1 L0.9,1.1 L2.1,1.1 L2.1,-0.1 z '
'M1.9,0.1 L1.9,0.9 L1.1,0.9 L1.1,0.1 L1.9,0.1 z'
)
)
def test_center_on_xy():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(4)
p.move_to((2, 1))
p.circle(1)
p.paper.center_on_x(0)
assert_equal(
p.paper.svg_elements(0),
[
'<path d="M-2,-1 L-2,1 L2,1 L2,-1 L-2,-1 z" fill="#000000" />',
'<path d="M2,-1 A 2,2 0 0 0 -2,-1 A 2,2 0 0 0 2,-1 z" fill="#000000" />',
]
)
p.paper.center_on_y(0)
assert_equal(
p.paper.svg_elements(1),
[
(
'<path d="M-2.0,0.0 L-2.0,2.0 L2.0,2.0 L2.0,0.0 L-2.0,0.0 z" '
'fill="#000000" />'
),
(
'<path d="M2.0,0.0 A 2.0,2.0 0 0 0 -2.0,0.0 '
'A 2.0,2.0 0 0 0 2.0,0.0 z" fill="#000000" />'
),
]
)
def test_fuse_with_joint():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(180)
p.line_forward(5)
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(5)
p.break_stroke()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(5)
assert_path_data(p, 0, [
'M0,1 L0,-1 L-6,-1 L-6,5 L-4,5 L-4,1 L0,1 z',
'M0,-1 L0,1 L5,1 L5,-1 L0,-1 z',
])
p.paper.join_paths()
p.paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(p, 0, 'M-6,5 L-4,5 L-4,1 L5,1 L5,-1 L-6,-1 L-6,5 z')
def test_fuse_with_joint():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(180)
p.line_forward(5)
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(5)
p.break_stroke()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(5)
assert_path_data(
p, 0,
[
'M0,1 L0,-1 L-6,-1 L-6,5 L-4,5 L-4,1 L0,1 z',
'M0,-1 L0,1 L5,1 L5,-1 L0,-1 z',
]
)
p.paper.join_paths()
p.paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(
p, 0,
'M-6,5 L-4,5 L-4,1 L5,1 L5,-1 L-6,-1 L-6,5 z'
)
def test_copy_loop():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(0.2)
def square():
p.turn_to(180)
p.line_forward(1)
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(1)
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(1)
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(1)
p.move_to((0, 0))
square()
p = p.copy(paper=True)
p.move_to((2, 0))
square()
assert_path_data(p, 1,
('M0.1,-0.1 L-1.1,-0.1 L-1.1,1.1 L0.1,1.1 L0.1,-0.1 z '
'M-0.1,0.1 L-0.1,0.9 L-0.9,0.9 L-0.9,0.1 L-0.1,0.1 z '
'M2.1,-0.1 L0.9,-0.1 L0.9,1.1 L2.1,1.1 L2.1,-0.1 z '
'M1.9,0.1 L1.9,0.9 L1.1,0.9 L1.1,0.1 L1.9,0.1 z'))
def test_join_paths_thick():
# Segments join together if possible when join_paths is called.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(5)
p.break_stroke()
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(5)
p.paper.join_paths()
assert_path_data(p, 0, 'M0,-1 L0,1 L6,1 L6,-5 L4,-5 L4,-1 L0,-1 z')
def draw_template_path():
pen = Pen()
pen.stroke_mode(0.05, '#466184')
pen.turn_to(0)
pen.move_to((0, BOTTOM))
pen.line_forward(10)
pen.move_to((0, MIDDLE))
pen.line_forward(10)
pen.move_to((0, TOP))
pen.line_forward(10)
pen.paper.center_on_x(0)
return pen.paper
def test_fuse_paths():
# Create two halves of a stroke in the same direction.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((-3, 3))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, start_slant=0)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, end_slant=0)
p.paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(p, 1,
['M-2.0,-3.0 L-4.0,-3.0 L2.0,3.0 L4.0,3.0 L-2.0,-3.0 z'])
def test_join_paths_thick():
# Segments join together if possible when join_paths is called.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(5)
p.break_stroke()
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(5)
p.paper.join_paths()
assert_path_data(
p, 0,
'M0,-1 L0,1 L6,1 L6,-5 L4,-5 L4,-1 L0,-1 z'
)
def test_fuse_paths():
# Create two halves of a stroke in the same direction.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((-3, 3))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, start_slant=0)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, end_slant=0)
p.paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(
p, 1,
['M-2.0,-3.0 L-4.0,-3.0 L2.0,3.0 L4.0,3.0 L-2.0,-3.0 z']
)
def test_join_paths_turn_back_no_joint():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(10)
p.turn_right(180)
p.break_stroke()
p.line_forward(5)
p.paper.join_paths()
line1, line2 = p.last_path().segments
assert line1.end_joint_illegal
assert line2.start_joint_illegal
assert_path_data(p, 1,
('M0.0,-0.5 L0.0,0.5 L10.0,0.5 L10.0,-0.5 '
'L5.0,-0.5 L5.0,0.5 L10.0,0.5 L10.0,-0.5 L0.0,-0.5 z'))
def test_copy_custom_cap():
# Regression test for a bug where doing pen.copy() in a cap function would
# break outline drawing.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(5)
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(5)
def copy_cap(pen, end):
pen.copy()
pen.line_to(end)
p.last_segment().end_cap = copy_cap
assert_path_data(p, 0, 'M0,-1 L0,1 L6,1 L6,-5 L4,-5 L4,-1 L0,-1 z')
def test_join_and_fuse_simple():
# Create two halves of a stroke in separate directions.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, end_slant=0)
p.break_stroke()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45 + 180)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, end_slant=0)
p.paper.join_paths()
p.paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(p, 1,
'M2.0,3.0 L4.0,3.0 L-2.0,-3.0 L-4.0,-3.0 L2.0,3.0 z')
def test_copy_custom_cap():
# Regression test for a bug where doing pen.copy() in a cap function would
# break outline drawing.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(5)
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(5)
def copy_cap(pen, end):
pen.copy()
pen.line_to(end)
p.last_segment().end_cap = copy_cap
assert_path_data(
p, 0,
'M0,-1 L0,1 L6,1 L6,-5 L4,-5 L4,-1 L0,-1 z'
)
def test_join_paths_turn_back_no_joint():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(10)
p.turn_right(180)
p.break_stroke()
p.line_forward(5)
p.paper.join_paths()
line1, line2 = p.last_path().segments
assert line1.end_joint_illegal
assert line2.start_joint_illegal
assert_path_data(
p, 1,
(
'M0.0,-0.5 L0.0,0.5 L10.0,0.5 L10.0,-0.5 '
'L5.0,-0.5 L5.0,0.5 L10.0,0.5 L10.0,-0.5 L0.0,-0.5 z'
)
)
def test_join_and_fuse_simple():
# Create two halves of a stroke in separate directions.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, end_slant=0)
p.break_stroke()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45 + 180)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, end_slant=0)
p.paper.join_paths()
p.paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(
p, 1,
'M2.0,3.0 L4.0,3.0 L-2.0,-3.0 L-4.0,-3.0 L2.0,3.0 z'
)
def test_mirror_end_slant():
paper = Paper()
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.line_forward(5 * sqrt2, end_slant=45)
p.paper.mirror_x(0)
paper.merge(p.paper)
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(45)
p.line_forward(5 * sqrt2)
paper.merge(p.paper)
paper.join_paths()
paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(paper, 1,
'M-5.5,4.5 L-4.5,5.5 L5.5,-4.5 L4.5,-5.5 L-5.5,4.5 z')
def draw():
p = Pen()
# Draw sine waves in various widths.
for width in [0.01, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0]:
p.stroke_mode(width)
func = sine_func_factory(
amplitude=1.0,
frequency=4 / math.pi,
phase=0,
)
p.parametric(
func,
start=0,
end=10,
step=0.1,
)
# Next line.
p.turn_to(-90)
p.move_forward(1.0 + 2 * width)
return p.paper
def draw():
p = Pen()
# Draw sine waves in various widths.
for width in [0.01, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0]:
p.stroke_mode(width)
func = sine_func_factory(
amplitude=1.0,
frequency=4 / math.pi,
phase=0,
)
p.parametric(
func,
start=0,
end=10,
step=0.1,
)
# Next line.
p.turn_to(-90)
p.move_forward(1.0 + 2 * width)
return p.paper
def test_line_segment_bounds():
# Fill mode segment.
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((1, 0))
p.line_to((2, 3))
line = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
line.bounds(),
Bounds(1, 0, 2, 3)
)
# Stroke mode segment.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.line_to((5, 5))
line = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
line.bounds(),
Bounds(-0.5, -0.5, 5.5, 5.5)
)
def test_arc_segment_bounds():
# Arc which occupies its entire circle.
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((1, 0))
p.turn_to(90)
p.arc_left(359, 1)
arc = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
arc.bounds(),
Bounds(-1, -1, 1, 1)
)
# Arc which pushes the boundary only with the endpoints.
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(30)
p.move_forward(1)
p.turn_left(90)
p.arc_left(30, center=(0, 0))
arc = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
arc.bounds(),
Bounds(0.5, 0.5, sqrt3 / 2, sqrt3 / 2)
)
# Arc which pushes the boundary with the middle in one spot.
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.move_forward(1)
p.turn_left(90)
p.arc_left(90, center=(0, 0))
arc = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
arc.bounds(),
Bounds(sqrt2 / 2, -sqrt2 / 2, 1, sqrt2 / 2)
)
# Arc which goes right.
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(45)
p.arc_right(90, 3)
arc = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
arc.bounds(),
Bounds(0, 0, 3 * sqrt2, 3 - 1.5 * sqrt2)
)
# Arc which pushes the boundary with the middle in two spots.
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.move_forward(1)
p.turn_left(90)
p.arc_left(180, center=(0, 0))
arc = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
arc.bounds(),
Bounds(-sqrt2 / 2, -sqrt2 / 2, 1, 1)
)
# Half circle, right side
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.arc_right(180, 5)
arc = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
arc.bounds(),
Bounds(0, -10, 5, 0)
)
# Thick circle,
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.move_forward(5)
p.turn_left(90)
p.arc_left(180, 5, start_slant=45)
arc = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
arc.bounds(),
Bounds(-5.5, -0.5314980314970469, 5.5, 5.5)
)
import math
from canoepaddle import Pen
from canoepaddle.heading import Heading, Angle
p = Pen()
p.paper.override_bounds(-120, -120, 120, 120)
p.stroke_mode(1.0, '#15A')
p.move_to((0.5, 0.5))
def f(n):
a = 12
b = 0.03
c = 0.2
d = 1.5
e = 0.5
wobble = a * math.exp(-b * n) * math.sin(c * n + d * n**e)
return (
Angle(-24 + wobble),
Angle(24 + wobble),
)
center_heading = Heading(90)
center = p.position
p.turn_to(center_heading)
num_layers = 26
for layer in range(num_layers):
lo, hi = f(layer)
continue
else:
point_occupancy[a] += 1
b = random.choice(points)
if point_occupancy[b] >= 2:
continue
else:
point_occupancy[b] += 1
yield a, b
if __name__ == '__main__':
while True:
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(0.01)
for a, b in gen_lines(200, 100):
p.move_to(a)
p.line_to(b)
p.break_stroke()
try:
p.paper.join_paths()
except AssertionError:
print(p.log())
break
else:
print(p.paper.format_svg(6, resolution=1000))
break
return numpy.column_stack((t, c, s))
def draw_parametric_func(pen, f, t_range):
txy_values = f(t_range)
t, x, y = txy_values[0]
pen.move_to((x, y))
for t, x, y in txy_values[1:]:
pen.line_to((x, y))
mod = t % 1.0
if float_equal(mod, 0) or float_equal(mod, 1.0):
pen.circle(0.01)
step = 0.01
t_range = numpy.arange(-4 + step, 4, step)
pen = Pen()
pen.stroke_mode(0.01, 'green')
draw_parametric_func(pen, euler_spiral_parametric, t_range)
pen.fill_mode('green')
pen.move_to((0.5, 0.5))
pen.circle(0.01)
pen.move_to((-0.5, -0.5))
pen.circle(0.01)
print(pen.paper.format_svg(5, resolution=500))
# TODO: euler spiral solver to end at a particular point. newton-raphson method for root finding convergence?
def draw():
p = Pen()
center_radius = 3.0
start_radius = radius = 100
start_width = width = 3.0
ratio = (1 / 2) ** (1/5)
series = []
while radius > center_radius / sqrt2:
series.append((radius, width))
radius *= ratio
width *= ratio
p.move_to((0, 0))
for radius, width in series:
p.stroke_mode(width, 'black')
p.circle(radius)
# Parametric conic spirals.
p.move_to((0, 0))
def spiral(theta):
b = (1 / 2) ** (-2 / math.pi)
r = start_radius * (b ** (-theta))
x = r * math.cos(theta)
y = r * math.sin(theta)
z = start_radius - r
return (x, y, z)
def spiral_top1(t):
x, y, z = spiral(t)
return x, y
def spiral_top2(t):
x, y, z = spiral(t)
x = -x
y = -y
return x, y
# Top spirals.
p.stroke_mode(start_width, 'black')
p.parametric(spiral_top1, 0, 4*math.pi, .1)
p.parametric(spiral_top2, 0, 4*math.pi, .1)
# Blank out the bottom triangle.
p.fill_mode('white')
p.move_to((0, 0))
s = start_radius + start_width
p.line_to((-s, -s))
p.line_to((+s, -s))
p.line_to((0, 0))
# Horizontal lines for the bottom triangle.
for radius, width in series:
p.stroke_mode(width, 'black')
p.move_to((-radius, -radius))
p.line_to(
(+radius, -radius),
start_slant=45,
end_slant=-45,
)
# Front spirals.
def spiral_front1(t):
x, y, z = spiral(t)
return (x, z - start_radius)
def spiral_front2(t):
x, y, z = spiral(t)
x = -x
y = -y
return (x, z - start_radius)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.stroke_mode(start_width, 'black')
p.parametric(spiral_front1, 0, math.pi, .1)
p.parametric(spiral_front2, math.pi, 2*math.pi, .1)
p.parametric(spiral_front1, 2*math.pi, 3*math.pi, .1)
# Fill in the center.
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.fill_mode('black')
p.circle(center_radius)
return p.paper
from canoepaddle import Pen
p = Pen()
def trefoil(origin, radius, num_leaves, leaf_angle, step=1):
p.turn_to(90)
points = []
for i in range(num_leaves):
p.move_to(origin)
p.turn_right(360 / num_leaves)
p.move_forward(radius)
points.append(p.position)
p.move_to(points[0])
for i in range(num_leaves):
next_point = points[((i + 1) * step) % num_leaves]
p.turn_toward(origin)
p.turn_right(leaf_angle / 2)
p.arc_to(next_point)
p.stroke_mode(1.0, '#a00')
trefoil((0, 0), 8, 3, 110)
p.outline_mode(1.0, 0.1, '#111')
trefoil((0, 0), 8, 3, 110)
print(p.paper.format_svg())
from canoepaddle import Pen
p = Pen()
def trefoil(origin, radius, num_leaves, leaf_angle, step=1):
p.turn_to(90)
points = []
for i in range(num_leaves):
p.move_to(origin)
p.turn_right(360 / num_leaves)
p.move_forward(radius)
points.append(p.position)
p.move_to(points[0])
for i in range(num_leaves):
next_point = points[((i + 1) * step) % num_leaves]
p.turn_toward(origin)
p.turn_right(leaf_angle / 2)
p.arc_to(next_point)
p.stroke_mode(1.0, '#a00')
trefoil((0, 0), 8, 3, 110)
p.outline_mode(1.0, 0.1, '#111')
trefoil((0, 0), 8, 3, 110)
print(p.paper.format_svg())
def draw():
p = Pen()
center_radius = 3.0
start_radius = radius = 100
start_width = width = 3.0
ratio = (1 / 2) ** (1/5)
series = []
while radius > center_radius / sqrt2:
series.append((radius, width))
radius *= ratio
width *= ratio
p.move_to((0, 0))
for radius, width in series:
p.stroke_mode(width, 'black')
p.circle(radius)
# Parametric conic spirals.
p.move_to((0, 0))
def spiral(theta):
b = (1 / 2) ** (-2 / math.pi)
r = start_radius * (b ** (-theta))
x = r * math.cos(theta)
y = r * math.sin(theta)
z = start_radius - r
return (x, y, z)
def spiral_top1(t):
x, y, z = spiral(t)
return x, y
def spiral_top2(t):
x, y, z = spiral(t)
x = -x
y = -y
return x, y
# Top spirals.
p.stroke_mode(start_width, 'black')
p.parametric(spiral_top1, 0, 4*math.pi, .1)
p.parametric(spiral_top2, 0, 4*math.pi, .1)
# Blank out the bottom triangle.
p.fill_mode('white')
p.move_to((0, 0))
s = start_radius + start_width
p.line_to((-s, -s))
p.line_to((+s, -s))
p.line_to((0, 0))
# Horizontal lines for the bottom triangle.
for radius, width in series:
p.stroke_mode(width, 'black')
p.move_to((-radius, -radius))
p.line_to(
(+radius, -radius),
start_slant=45,
end_slant=-45,
)
# Front spirals.
def spiral_front1(t):
x, y, z = spiral(t)
return (x, z - start_radius)
def spiral_front2(t):
x, y, z = spiral(t)
x = -x
y = -y
return (x, z - start_radius)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.stroke_mode(start_width, 'black')
p.parametric(spiral_front1, 0, math.pi, .1)
p.parametric(spiral_front2, math.pi, 2*math.pi, .1)
p.parametric(spiral_front1, 2*math.pi, 3*math.pi, .1)
# Fill in the center.
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.fill_mode('black')
p.circle(center_radius)
return p.paper
return numpy.column_stack((t, c, s))
def draw_parametric_func(pen, f, t_range):
txy_values = f(t_range)
t, x, y = txy_values[0]
pen.move_to((x, y))
for t, x, y in txy_values[1:]:
pen.line_to((x, y))
mod = t % 1.0
if float_equal(mod, 0) or float_equal(mod, 1.0):
pen.circle(0.01)
step = 0.01
t_range = numpy.arange(-4 + step, 4, step)
pen = Pen()
pen.stroke_mode(0.01, 'green')
draw_parametric_func(pen, euler_spiral_parametric, t_range)
pen.fill_mode('green')
pen.move_to((0.5, 0.5))
pen.circle(0.01)
pen.move_to((-0.5, -0.5))
pen.circle(0.01)
print(pen.paper.format_svg(5, resolution=500))
#TODO: euler spiral solver to end at a particular point. newton-raphson method for root finding convergence?
from canoepaddle import Pen
p = Pen()
def arm(inner=1.5, outer=3):
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_forward(inner)
p.turn_right(90)
p.arc_right(200, radius=outer)
p.fill_mode()
p.circle(0.5) # Makeshift round endcaps.
orientation = 70
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.circle(1.5)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(orientation)
arm()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(180 + orientation)
arm()
print(p.paper.format_svg())
from canoepaddle import Pen
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(0.15)
def trefoil(origin, radius, num_leaves, leaf_angle, step=1):
p.turn_to(90)
points = []
for i in range(num_leaves):
p.move_to(origin)
p.turn_right(360 / num_leaves)
p.move_forward(radius)
points.append(p.position)
p.move_to(points[0])
for i in range(num_leaves):
next_point = points[((i + 1) * step) % num_leaves]
p.turn_toward(origin)
p.turn_right(leaf_angle / 2)
p.arc_to(next_point)
trefoil((-6, 6), 3, 3, 110)
trefoil((0, 6), 2.7, 4, 120)
trefoil((6, 6), 2.7, 4, 70)
trefoil((-6, 0), 2.7, 5, 70)
trefoil((0, 0), 2.7, 5, 130)
trefoil((6, 0), 2.7, 5, 110, step=2)
trefoil((-6, -6), 2.7, 31, 20, step=14)
trefoil((0, -6), 3, 8, 120, step=3)
from canoepaddle import Pen
p = Pen()
def arm(inner=1.5, outer=3):
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_forward(inner)
p.turn_right(90)
p.arc_right(200, radius=outer)
p.fill_mode()
p.circle(0.5) # Makeshift round endcaps.
orientation = 70
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.circle(1.5)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(orientation)
arm()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(180 + orientation)
arm()
print(p.paper.format_svg())
continue
else:
point_occupancy[a] += 1
b = random.choice(points)
if point_occupancy[b] >= 2:
continue
else:
point_occupancy[b] += 1
yield a, b
if __name__ == '__main__':
while True:
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(0.01)
for a, b in gen_lines(200, 100):
p.move_to(a)
p.line_to(b)
p.break_stroke()
try:
p.paper.join_paths()
except AssertionError:
print(p.log())
break
else:
print(p.paper.format_svg(6, resolution=1000))
break
from canoepaddle import Pen
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(0.15)
def trefoil(origin, radius, num_leaves, leaf_angle, step=1):
p.turn_to(90)
points = []
for i in range(num_leaves):
p.move_to(origin)
p.turn_right(360 / num_leaves)
p.move_forward(radius)
points.append(p.position)
p.move_to(points[0])
for i in range(num_leaves):
next_point = points[((i + 1) * step) % num_leaves]
p.turn_toward(origin)
p.turn_right(leaf_angle / 2)
p.arc_to(next_point)
trefoil((-6, 6), 3, 3, 110)
trefoil((0, 6), 2.7, 4, 120)
trefoil((6, 6), 2.7, 4, 70)
trefoil((-6, 0), 2.7, 5, 70)
trefoil((0, 0), 2.7, 5, 130)
trefoil((6, 0), 2.7, 5, 110, step=2)
trefoil((-6, -6), 2.7, 31, 20, step=14)
trefoil((0, -6), 3, 8, 120, step=3)
trefoil((6, -6), 2.7, 30, -90, step=1)
import math
from canoepaddle import Pen
from canoepaddle.heading import Heading, Angle
p = Pen()
p.paper.override_bounds(-120, -120, 120, 120)
p.stroke_mode(1.0, '#15A')
p.move_to((0.5, 0.5))
def f(n):
a = 12
b = 0.03
c = 0.2
d = 1.5
e = 0.5
wobble = a * math.exp(-b * n) * math.sin(c * n + d * n**e)
return (
Angle(-24 + wobble),
Angle(24 + wobble),
)
center_heading = Heading(90)
center = p.position
p.turn_to(center_heading)
num_layers = 26
for layer in range(num_layers):