def test_orbmethods():
from galpy.orbit import Orbit
from galpy.potential import MWPotential2014
# 8/17/2019: added explicit z=0.025, because that was the default at the
# time of the galpy paper, but the default has been changed
o = Orbit([0.8, 0.3, 0.75, 0., 0.2, 0.],
zo=0.025) # setup R,vR,vT,z,vz,phi
times = numpy.linspace(0., 10., 1001) # Output times
o.integrate(times, MWPotential2014) # Integrate
o.E() # Energy
assert numpy.fabs(o.E() + 1.2547650648697966
) < 10.**-5., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
o.L() # Angular momentum
assert numpy.all(
numpy.fabs(o.L() - numpy.array([[0., -0.16, 0.6]])) < 10.**-5.
), 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
o.Jacobi(OmegaP=0.65) #Jacobi integral E-OmegaP Lz
assert numpy.fabs(o.Jacobi(OmegaP=0.65) - numpy.array([-1.64476506])
) < 10.**-5., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
o.ER(times[-1]), o.Ez(times[-1]) # Rad. and vert. E at end
assert numpy.fabs(o.ER(times[-1]) + 1.27601734263047
) < 10.**-5., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
assert numpy.fabs(o.Ez(times[-1]) - 0.021252201847851909
) < 10.**-5., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
o.rperi(), o.rap(), o.zmax() # Peri-/apocenter r, max. |z|
assert numpy.fabs(o.rperi() - 0.44231993168097
) < 10.**-5., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
assert numpy.fabs(o.rap() - 0.87769030382105
) < 10.**-5., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
assert numpy.fabs(o.zmax() - 0.077452357289016
) < 10.**-5., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
o.e() # eccentricity (rap-rperi)/(rap+rperi)
assert numpy.fabs(o.e() - 0.32982348199330563
) < 10.**-5., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
o.R(2., ro=8.) # Cylindrical radius at time 2. in kpc
assert numpy.fabs(o.R(2., ro=8.) - 3.5470772876920007
) < 10.**-3., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
o.vR(5., vo=220.) # Cyl. rad. velocity at time 5. in km/s
assert numpy.fabs(o.vR(5., vo=220.) - 45.202530965094553
) < 10.**-3., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
o.ra(1.), o.dec(1.) # RA and Dec at t=1. (default settings)
# 5/12/2016: test weakened, because improved galcen<->heliocen
# transformation has changed these, but still close
assert numpy.fabs(o.ra(1.) - numpy.array([288.19277])
) < 10.**-1., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
assert numpy.fabs(o.dec(1.) - numpy.array([18.98069155])
) < 10.**-1., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
o.jr(type='adiabatic'), o.jz() # R/z actions (ad. approx.)
assert numpy.fabs(o.jr(type='adiabatic') - 0.05285302231137586
) < 10.**-3., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
assert numpy.fabs(o.jz() - 0.006637988850751242
) < 10.**-3., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
# Rad. period w/ Staeckel approximation w/ focal length 0.5,
o.Tr(type='staeckel', delta=0.5, ro=8., vo=220.) # in Gyr
assert numpy.fabs(
o.Tr(type='staeckel', delta=0.5, ro=8., vo=220.) - 0.1039467864018446
) < 10.**-3., 'Orbit method does not work as expected'
o.plot(d1='R', d2='z') # Plot the orbit in (R,z)
o.plot3d() # Plot the orbit in 3D, w/ default [x,y,z]
return None
