def loss(self, X, y=None):
"""
Compute loss and gradient for a minibatch of data.
Inputs:
- X: Array of input data of shape (N, d_1, ..., d_k)
- y: Array of labels, of shape (N,). y[i] gives the label for X[i].
Returns:
If y is None, then run a test-time forward pass of the model and return:
- scores: Array of shape (N, C) giving classification scores, where
scores[i, c] is the classification score for X[i] and class c.
If y is not None, then run a training-time forward and backward pass and
return a tuple of:
- loss: Scalar value giving the loss
- grads: Dictionary with the same keys as self.params, mapping parameter
names to gradients of the loss with respect to those parameters.
"""
W1, W2, b1, b2 = self.params['W1'], self.params['W2'], self.params[
'b1'], self.params['b2']
hidden_out, cache1 = affine_relu_forward(X, W1, b1)
scores, cache2 = affine_forward(hidden_out, W2, b2)
if y is None:
return scores
grads = {}
loss, dScore = softmax_loss(scores, y)
loss += .5 * self.reg * (np.sum(W1**2) + np.sum(W2**2))
dX2, grads['W2'], grads['b2'] = affine_backward(dScore, cache2)
dX, grads['W1'], grads['b1'] = affine_relu_backward(dX2, cache1)
grads['W2'] += self.reg * W2
grads['W1'] += self.reg * W1
return loss, grads
def loss(self, X, y=None, reg=1e-5):
print 'start computing loss and grad.............'
W1, b1 = self.params['W1'], self.params['b1']
W2, b2 = self.params['W2'], self.params['b2']
W3, b3 = self.params['W3'], self.params['b3']
# pass conv_param to the forward pass for the convolutional layer
filter_size = W1.shape[2]
conv_param = {'stride': 1, 'pad': (filter_size - 1) / 2}
# pass pool_param to the forward pass for the max-pooling layer
pool_param = {'pool_height': 2, 'pool_width': 2, 'stride': 2}
# compute the forward pass
print 'compute the forward pass......'
print 'compute the w1 conv_relu_pool_forward forward pass......'
a1, cache1 = layers.conv_relu_pool_forward(X, W1, b1, conv_param,
pool_param)
print 'compute the w2 affine_relu_forward forward pass......'
a2, cache2 = layers.affine_relu_forward(a1, W2, b2)
print 'compute the w3 affine_forward forward pass......'
scores, cache3 = layers.affine_forward(a2, W3, b3)
if y is None:
return scores
# compute the backward pass
print 'compute the backward pass......'
print 'compute the softmax_loss backward pass......'
data_loss, dscores = layers.softmax_loss(scores, y)
print 'compute the dw3 affine_backward backward pass......'
da2, dW3, db3 = layers.affine_backward(dscores, cache3)
print 'compute the dw2 affine_relu_backward backward pass......'
da1, dW2, db2 = layers.affine_relu_backward(da2, cache2)
print 'compute the dw1 conv_relu_pool_backward backward pass......'
dX, dW1, db1 = layers.conv_relu_pool_backward(da1, cache1)
# Add regularization
dW1 += self.reg * W1
dW2 += self.reg * W2
dW3 += self.reg * W3
reg_loss = 0.5 * self.reg * sum(np.sum(W * W) for W in [W1, W2, W3])
loss = data_loss + reg_loss
grads = {
'W1': dW1,
'b1': db1,
'W2': dW2,
'b2': db2,
'W3': dW3,
'b3': db3
}
print ' computing loss and grad end !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!'
print 'loss is :', loss
return loss, grads
def affine_relu_backward(dout, cache):
'''
backward pass for the affine-relu convenience layer
'''
fc_cache, relu_cache = cache
da = layers.relu_backward(dout, relu_cache)
dx, dw, db = layers.affine_backward(da, fc_cache)
return dx, dw, db
def loss(self, X, y=None, reg=1e-5):
W1, b1 = self.params['W1'], self.params['b1']
W2, b2 = self.params['W2'], self.params['b2']
W3, b3 = self.params['W3'], self.params['b3']
# pass conv_param to the forward pass for the convolutional layer
filter_size = W1.shape[2]
conv_param = {'stride': 1, 'pad': (filter_size - 1) / 2}
# pass pool_param to the forward pass for the max-pooling layer
pool_param = {'pool_height': 2, 'pool_width': 2, 'stride': 2}
# compute the forward pass
a1, cache1 = layers.conv_relu_pool_forward(X, W1, b1, conv_param,
pool_param)
norm_out, norm_cache = layers.spatial_batchnorm_forward(
a1, 1, 0, bn_param={'mode': 'train'})
a2, cache2 = layers.affine_relu_forward(norm_out, W2, b2)
scores, cache3 = layers.affine_forward(a2, W3, b3)
if y is None:
return scores
# compute the backward pass
data_loss = NUS_loss_test.NUSDataTrain().loss(scores, y)
dscores = NUS_loss_test.NUSDataTrain().eval_numerical_gradient(
NUS_loss_test.NUSDataTrain().grad_loss,
scores) # layers.softmax_loss(scores, y)#改这里
da2, dW3, db3 = layers.affine_backward(dscores, cache3)
da1, dW2, db2 = layers.affine_relu_backward(da2, cache2)
dnorm_out, dgamma, dbeta = layers.spatial_batchnorm_backward(
da1, norm_cache)
dX, dW1, db1 = layers.conv_relu_pool_backward(dnorm_out, cache1)
# Add regularization
dW1 += self.reg * W1
dW2 += self.reg * W2
dW3 += self.reg * W3
reg_loss = 0.5 * self.reg * sum(np.sum(W * W) for W in [W1, W2, W3])
loss = data_loss + reg_loss
grads = {
'W1': dW1,
'b1': db1,
'W2': dW2,
'b2': db2,
'W3': dW3,
'b3': db3
}
return loss, grads
def loss(self, X, y=None):
"""
Compute loss and gradient for a minibatch of data.
Inputs:
- X: Array of input data of shape (N, d_1, ..., d_k)
- y: Array of labels, of shape (N,). y[i] gives the label for X[i].
Returns:
If y is None, then run a test-time forward pass of the model and return:
- scores: Array of shape (N, C) giving classification scores, where
scores[i, c] is the classification score for X[i] and class c.
If y is not None, then run a training-time forward and backward pass and
return a tuple of:
- loss: Scalar value giving the loss
- grads: Dictionary with the same keys as self.params, mapping parameter
names to gradients of the loss with respect to those parameters.
"""
out1, cache1 = layer_utilities.affine_relu_forward(
X, self.params['W1'], self.params['b1'])
out2, cache2 = layers.affine_forward(
out1, self.params['W2'],
self.params['b2']) # last layer no need to use relu
scores = out2
if y is None:
return scores
# backward
loss, grads = 0, {}
loss, d_scores = layers.softmax_loss(scores, y)
loss = loss + 0.5 * self.reg * (
np.sum(self.params['W1'] * self.params['W1']) +
np.sum(self.params['W2'] * self.params['W2']))
dout1, dW2, db2 = layers.affine_backward(d_scores, cache2)
dx, dW1, db1 = layer_utilities.affine_relu_backward(dout1, cache1)
grads['W2'] = dW2 + self.reg * self.params['W2']
grads['b2'] = db2
grads['W1'] = dW1 + self.reg * self.params['W1']
grads['b1'] = db1
return loss, grads
def loss(self,X,y=None):
"""
Compute loss and gradient for a minibatch of data.
Inputs:
- X: Array of input data of shape (N, d_1, ..., d_k)
- y: Array of labels, of shape (N,). y[i] gives the label for X[i].
Returns:
If y is None, then run a test-time forward pass of the model and return:
- scores: Array of shape (N, C) giving classification scores, where
scores[i, c] is the classification score for X[i] and class c.
If y is not None, then run a training-time forward and backward pass and
return a tuple of:
- loss: Scalar value giving the loss
- grads: Dictionary with the same keys as self.params, mapping parameter
names to gradients of the loss with respect to those parameters.
"""
scores = None
W1,b1 = self.params['W1'],self.params['b1']
W2,b2 = self.params['W2'],self.params['b2']
ar1_out,ar1_cache = affine_relu_forward(X,W1,b1)
ar2_out,ar2_cache = affine_forward(ar1_out,W2,b2)
scores = ar2_out
if y is None:
return scores
loss,grads = 0,{}
loss,dout = softmax_loss(scores,y)
loss = loss+0.5*self.reg*np.sum(W1*W1)+0.5*self.reg*np.sum(W2*W2)
dx2,dw2,db2 = affine_backward(dout,ar2_cache)
grads['W2'] = dw2 +self.reg*W2
grads['b2'] = db2
dx1,dw1,db1 = affine_relu_backward(dx2,ar1_cache)
grads['W1'] = dw1+self.reg*W1
grads['b1'] = db1
return loss,grads
def loss(self, x, y=None):
"""
Loss function used is MSE loss
"""
scores = None
scores, cache1 = affine_relu_forward(x, self.params['W1'], self.params['b1'])
scores, cache2 = affine_relu_forward(scores, self.params['W2'], self.params['b2'])
scores, cache3 = affine_relu_forward(scores, self.params['W3'], self.params['b3'])
scores, cache4 = affine_forward(scores, self.params['W4'], self.params['b4'])
if y is None:
return scores
loss = mse_loss_forward(scores, y)
grads = {}
dup = mse_loss_backward(scores, y)
dup, grads['W4'], grads['b4'] = affine_backward(dup, cache4)
dup, grads['W3'], grads['b3'] = affine_relu_backward(dup, cache3)
dup, grads['W2'], grads['b2'] = affine_relu_backward(dup, cache2)
dup, grads['W1'], grads['b1'] = affine_relu_backward(dup, cache1)
return loss, grads
def affine_sigmoid_backward(dout, cache):
fc_cache, relu_cache = cache
da = sigmoid_backward(dout, relu_cache)
dx, dw, db = affine_backward(da, fc_cache)
return dx, dw, db
################################################################################### # Test the affine_backward function x = np.random.randn(10, 2, 3) theta = np.random.randn(6, 5) theta_0 = np.random.randn(5) dout = np.random.randn(10, 5) if layers.affine_forward(x,theta,theta_0)[0] is not None: dx_num = eval_numerical_gradient_array(lambda x: layers.affine_forward(x, theta, theta_0)[0], x, dout) dtheta_num = eval_numerical_gradient_array(lambda theta: layers.affine_forward(x, theta, theta_0)[0], theta, dout) dtheta_0_num = eval_numerical_gradient_array(lambda b: layers.affine_forward(x, theta, theta_0)[0], theta_0, dout) _, cache = layers.affine_forward(x, theta, theta_0) dx, dtheta, dtheta_0 = layers.affine_backward(dout, cache) # The error should be around 1e-10 print 'Testing affine_backward function:' print 'dx error (should be around 1e-10): ', rel_error(dx_num, dx) print 'dtheta error (should be around 1e-10): ', rel_error(dtheta_num, dtheta) print 'dtheta_0 error (should be around 1e-10): ', rel_error(dtheta_0_num, dtheta_0) # Problem 3.1.3 ################################################################################### # ReLU layer: forward # ################################################################################### # In the file layers.py implement the forward pass for the ReLU activation in # # the relu_forward function. # # Once you are done you can test your implementation using the following. #
def loss(self, X, y=None):
"""
Compute loss and gradient for the fully-connected net.
Input / output: Same as TwoLayerNet above.
"""
X = X.astype(self.dtype)
mode = 'test' if y is None else 'train'
# Set train/test mode for batchnorm params and dropout param since they
# behave differently during training and testing.
if self.dropout_param is not None:
self.dropout_param['mode'] = mode
if self.use_batchnorm:
for bn_param in self.bn_params:
bn_param['mode'] = mode
scores = None
############################################################################
# TODO: Implement the forward pass for the fully-connected net, computing #
# the class scores for X and storing them in the scores variable. #
# #
# When using dropout, you'll need to pass self.dropout_param to each #
# dropout forward pass. #
# #
# When using batch normalization, you'll need to pass self.bn_params[0] to #
# the forward pass for the first batch normalization layer, pass #
# self.bn_params[1] to the forward pass for the second batch normalization #
# layer, etc. #
############################################################################
layer_input = X
ar_cache = {}
dp_cache = {}
for lay in xrange(self.num_layers - 1):
if self.use_batchnorm:
layer_input, ar_cache[lay] = affine_bn_relu_forward(layer_input,
self.params['W%d' % (lay + 1)],
self.params['b%d' % (lay + 1)],
self.params['gamma%d' % (lay + 1)],
self.params['beta%d' % (lay + 1)],
self.bn_params[lay])
else:
layer_input, ar_cache[lay] = affine_relu_forward(layer_input, self.params['W%d' % (lay + 1)],
self.params['b%d' % (lay + 1)])
if self.use_dropout:
layer_input, dp_cache[lay] = dropout_forward(layer_input, self.dropout_param)
ar_out, ar_cache[self.num_layers] = affine_forward(layer_input, self.params['W%d' % (self.num_layers)],
self.params['b%d' % (self.num_layers)])
scores = ar_out
# pass
############################################################################
# END OF YOUR CODE #
############################################################################
# If test mode return early
if mode == 'test':
return scores
loss, grads = 0.0, {}
############################################################################
# TODO: Implement the backward pass for the fully-connected net. Store the #
# loss in the loss variable and gradients in the grads dictionary. Compute #
# data loss using softmax, and make sure that grads[k] holds the gradients #
# for self.params[k]. Don't forget to add L2 regularization! #
# #
# When using batch normalization, you don't need to regularize the scale #
# and shift parameters. #
# #
# NOTE: To ensure that your implementation matches ours and you pass the #
# automated tests, make sure that your L2 regularization includes a factor #
# of 0.5 to simplify the expression for the gradient. #
############################################################################
loss, dscores = softmax_loss(scores, y)
dhout = dscores
loss = loss + 0.5 * self.reg * np.sum(
self.params['W%d' % (self.num_layers)] * self.params['W%d' % (self.num_layers)])
dx, dw, db = affine_backward(dhout, ar_cache[self.num_layers])
grads['W%d' % (self.num_layers)] = dw + self.reg * self.params['W%d' % (self.num_layers)]
grads['b%d' % (self.num_layers)] = db
dhout = dx
for idx in xrange(self.num_layers - 1):
lay = self.num_layers - 1 - idx - 1
loss = loss + 0.5 * self.reg * np.sum(self.params['W%d' % (lay + 1)] * self.params['W%d' % (lay + 1)])
if self.use_dropout:
dhout = dropout_backward(dhout, dp_cache[lay])
if self.use_batchnorm:
dx, dw, db, dgamma, dbeta = affine_bn_relu_backward(dhout, ar_cache[lay])
else:
dx, dw, db = affine_relu_backward(dhout, ar_cache[lay])
grads['W%d' % (lay + 1)] = dw + self.reg * self.params['W%d' % (lay + 1)]
grads['b%d' % (lay + 1)] = db
if self.use_batchnorm:
grads['gamma%d' % (lay + 1)] = dgamma
grads['beta%d' % (lay + 1)] = dbeta
dhout = dx
# pass
############################################################################
# END OF YOUR CODE #
############################################################################
return loss, grads
def loss(self,X,y=None):
X = X.astype(self.dtype)
mode = 'test' if y is None else 'train'
if self.use_dropout :
self.dropout_param['mode'] = mode
if self.use_batchnorm:
for bn_param in self.bn_params:
bn_param['mode'] = mode
scores = None
inputi = X
batch_size = X.shape[0]
X = np.reshape(X,[batch_size,-1])
fc_cache_list = []
relu_cache_list = []
bn_cache_list = []
dropout_cache_list = []
for i in range(self.num_layers-1):
fc_act,fc_cache= affine_forward(X,self.params['W'+str(i+1)],self.params['b'+str(i+1)])
fc_cache_list.append(fc_cache)
if self.use_batchnorm:
bn_act,bn_cache = batchnorm_forward(fc_act,self.params['gamma'+str(i+1)],self.params['beta'+str(i+1)],self.bn_params[i])
bn_cache_list.append(bn_cache)
relu_act,relu_cache = relu_forward(bn_act)
relu_cache_list.append(relu_cache)
else:
relu_act,relu_cache = relu_forward(fc_act)
relu_cache_list.append(relu_cache)
if self.use_dropout:
relu_act,dropout_cache = dropout_forward(relu_act,self.dropout_param)
dropout_cache_list.append(dropout_cache)
X = relu_act.copy()
########最后一层
scores,final_cache = affine_forward(X,self.params['W'+str(self.num_layers)],self.params['b'+str(self.num_layers)])
#
# for layer in range(self.num_layers):
# Wi,bi = self.params['W%d'%(layer+1)],self.params['b%d'%(layer+1)]
# outi,fc_cachei = affine_forward(inputi,Wi,bi)
# fc_cache_list.append(fc_cachei)
#
# if self.use_batchnorm and layer!=self.num_layers-1:
# gammai,betai = self.params['gamma%d'%(layer+1)],self.params['beta%d'%(layer+1)]
#
# outi,bn_cachei = batchnorm_forward(outi,gammai,betai,self.bn_params[layer])
# bn_cache_list.append(bn_cachei)
# outi,relu_cachei = relu_forward(outi)
# relu_cache_list.append(relu_cachei)
#
# if self.use_dropout:
# outi,dropout_cachei = dropout_forward(outi,self.dropout_param)
# dropout_cache_list.append(dropout_cachei)
#
# inputi = outi
#
# scores = outi
if mode == 'test':
return scores
loss,grads = 0.0,{}
loss,dsoft = softmax_loss(scores,y)
loss += 0.5*self.reg*(np.sum(np.square(self.params['W'+str(self.num_layers)])))
#########最后一层的反向传播
dx_last,dw_last,db_last = affine_backward(dsoft,final_cache)
grads['W'+str(self.num_layers)] = dw_last+self.reg*self.params['W'+str(self.num_layers)]
grads['b'+str(self.num_layers)] = db_last
for i in range(self.num_layers-1,0,-1):
if self.use_dropout:
dx_last = dropout_backward(dx_last,dropout_cache_list[i-1])
drelu = relu_backward(dx_last,relu_cache_list[i-1])
if self.use_batchnorm:
dbatchnorm,dgamma,dbeta = batchnorm_backward(drelu,bn_cache_list[i-1])
dx_last,dw_last,db_last = affine_backward(dbatchnorm,fc_cache_list[i-1])
grads['beta'+str(i)] = dbeta
grads['gamma'+str(i)] = dgamma
else:
dx_last,dw_last,db_last = affine_backward(drelu,fc_cache_list[i-1])
grads['W'+str(i)] = dw_last+self.reg*self.params['W'+str(i)]
grads['b'+str(i)] = db_last
loss += 0.5*self.reg*(np.sum(np.square(self.params['W'+str(i)])))
return loss,grads
np.random.seed(231)
x = np.random.randn(10, 2, 3)
w = np.random.randn(6, 5)
b = np.random.randn(5)
dout = np.random.randn(10, 5)
dx_num = eval_numerical_gradient_array(lambda x: affine_forward(x, w, b)[0], x,
dout)
dw_num = eval_numerical_gradient_array(lambda w: affine_forward(x, w, b)[0], w,
dout)
db_num = eval_numerical_gradient_array(lambda b: affine_forward(x, w, b)[0], b,
dout)
_, cache = affine_forward(x, w, b)
dx, dw, db = affine_backward(dout, cache)
# The error should be around 1e-10
print('Testing affine_backward function:')
print('dx error: ', rel_error(dx_num, dx))
print('dw error: ', rel_error(dw_num, dw))
print('db error: ', rel_error(db_num, db))
#######################################################################################
#######################################################################################
# Test the relu_forward function
#######################################################################################
from layers import relu_forward
x = np.linspace(-0.5, 0.5, num=12).reshape(3, 4)
def loss(self, X, y=None):
"""
Compute loss and gradient for the fully-connected net.
Input / output: Same as TwoLayerNet above.
"""
X = X.astype(self.dtype)
mode = 'test' if y is None else 'train'
# Set train/test mode for batchnorm params and dropout param since they
# behave differently during training and testing.
if self.use_dropout:
self.dropout_param['mode'] = mode
if self.use_batchnorm:
for bn_param in self.bn_params:
bn_param['mode'] = mode
scores = None
cache = self.num_layers * [None]
dropout_cache = (self.num_layers - 1) * [None]
for i in np.arange(self.num_layers - 1):
if not self.use_batchnorm:
scores, cache[i] = affine_relu_forward(
X if i == 0 else scores, self.params['W%d' % (i + 1)],
self.params['b%d' % (i + 1)])
else:
scores, cache[i] = affine_bn_relu_forward(
X if i == 0 else scores, self.params['W%d' % (i + 1)],
self.params['b%d' % (i + 1)],
self.params['gamma%d' % (i + 1)],
self.params['beta%d' % (i + 1)], self.bn_params[i])
if self.use_dropout:
scores, dropout_cache[i] = dropout_forward(
scores, self.dropout_param)
scores, cache[self.num_layers - 1] = affine_forward(
scores, self.params['W%d' % self.num_layers],
self.params['b%d' % self.num_layers])
############################################################################
# When using batch normalization, you'll need to pass self.bn_params[0] to #
# the forward pass for the first batch normalization layer, pass #
# self.bn_params[1] to the forward pass for the second batch normalization #
# layer, etc. #
############################################################################
# If test mode return early
if mode == 'test':
return scores
loss, grads = 0.0, {}
loss, dscore = softmax_loss(scores, y)
dx, grads['W%d' %
self.num_layers], grads['b%d' %
self.num_layers] = affine_backward(
dscore,
cache[self.num_layers - 1])
for i in reversed(np.arange(self.num_layers - 1)):
if self.use_dropout:
dx = dropout_backward(dx, dropout_cache[i])
if not self.use_batchnorm:
dx, grads['W%d' %
(i + 1)], grads['b%d' %
(i + 1)] = affine_relu_backward(
dx, cache[i])
else:
dx, grads['W%d' % (i+1)], grads['b%d' % (i+1)], grads['gamma%d' % (i+1)], grads['beta%d' % (i+1)] \
= affine_bn_relu_backward(dx, cache[i])
for i in np.arange(self.num_layers):
loss += .5 * self.reg * np.sum(
np.square(self.params['W%d' % (i + 1)]))
grads['W%d' % (i + 1)] += self.reg * self.params['W%d' % (i + 1)]
############################################################################
# When using batch normalization, you don't need to regularize the scale #
# and shift parameters. #
# #
############################################################################
return loss, grads