def binary_dilation(input,
structure=None,
iterations=1,
mask=None,
output=None,
border_value=0,
origin=0,
brute_force=False):
"""Multi-dimensional binary dilation with the given structure.
An output array can optionally be provided. The origin parameter
controls the placement of the filter. If no structuring element is
provided an element is generated with a squared connectivity equal
to one. The dilation operation is repeated iterations times. If
iterations is less than 1, the dilation is repeated until the
result does not change anymore. If a mask is given, only those
elements with a true value at the corresponding mask element are
modified at each iteration.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if structure == None:
structure = generate_binary_structure(input.rank, 1)
origin = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, input.rank)
structure = numarray.asarray(structure)
structure = structure[tuple([slice(None, None, -1)] * structure.rank)]
for ii in range(len(origin)):
origin[ii] = -origin[ii]
if not structure.shape[ii] & 1:
origin[ii] -= 1
return _binary_erosion(input, structure, iterations, mask, output,
border_value, origin, 1, brute_force)
def grey_dilation(input,
size=None,
footprint=None,
structure=None,
output=None,
mode="reflect",
cval=0.0,
origin=0):
"""Calculate a grey values dilation.
Either a size or a footprint, or the structure must be
provided. An output array can optionally be provided. The origin
parameter controls the placement of the filter. The mode parameter
determines how the array borders are handled, where cval is the
value when mode is equal to 'constant'.
"""
if structure is not None:
structure = numarray.asarray(structure)
structure = structure[tuple([slice(None, None, -1)] * structure.rank)]
if footprint is not None:
footprint = numarray.asarray(footprint)
footprint = footprint[tuple([slice(None, None, -1)] * footprint.rank)]
input = numarray.asarray(input)
origin = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, input.rank)
for ii in range(len(origin)):
origin[ii] = -origin[ii]
if footprint is not None:
sz = footprint.shape[ii]
else:
sz = size[ii]
if not sz & 1:
origin[ii] -= 1
return filters._min_or_max_filter(input, size, footprint, structure,
output, mode, cval, origin, 0)
def label(input, structure = None, output = None):
"""Label an array of objects.
The structure that defines the object connections must be
symmetric. If no structuring element is provided an element is
generated with a squared connectivity equal to one. This function
returns a tuple consisting of the array of labels and the number
of objects found. If an output array is provided only the number of
objects found is returned.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if structure == None:
structure = morphology.generate_binary_structure(input.rank, 1)
structure = numarray.asarray(structure, type = numarray.Bool)
if structure.rank != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, 'structure and input must have equal rank'
for ii in structure.shape:
if ii != 3:
raise RuntimeError, 'structure dimensions must be equal to 3'
if not structure.iscontiguous():
structure = structure.copy()
if isinstance(output, numarray.NumArray):
if output.type() != numarray.Int32:
raise RuntimeError, 'output type must be Int32'
else:
output = numarray.Int32
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
max_label = _nd_image.label(input, structure, output)
if return_value == None:
return max_label
else:
return return_value, max_label
def grey_dilation(input, size = None, footprint = None, structure = None,
output = None, mode = "reflect", cval = 0.0, origin = 0):
"""Calculate a grey values dilation.
Either a size or a footprint, or the structure must be
provided. An output array can optionally be provided. The origin
parameter controls the placement of the filter. The mode parameter
determines how the array borders are handled, where cval is the
value when mode is equal to 'constant'.
"""
if structure is not None:
structure = numarray.asarray(structure)
structure = structure[tuple([slice(None, None, -1)] *
structure.rank)]
if footprint is not None:
footprint = numarray.asarray(footprint)
footprint = footprint[tuple([slice(None, None, -1)] *
footprint.rank)]
input = numarray.asarray(input)
origin = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, input.rank)
for ii in range(len(origin)):
origin[ii] = -origin[ii]
if footprint is not None:
sz = footprint.shape[ii]
else:
sz = size[ii]
if not sz & 1:
origin[ii] -= 1
return filters._min_or_max_filter(input, size, footprint, structure,
output, mode, cval, origin, 0)
def label(input, structure=None, output=None):
"""Label an array of objects.
The structure that defines the object connections must be
symmetric. If no structuring element is provided an element is
generated with a squared connectivity equal to one. This function
returns a tuple consisting of the array of labels and the number
of objects found. If an output array is provided only the number of
objects found is returned.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if structure == None:
structure = morphology.generate_binary_structure(input.rank, 1)
structure = numarray.asarray(structure, type=numarray.Bool)
if structure.rank != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, 'structure and input must have equal rank'
for ii in structure.shape:
if ii != 3:
raise RuntimeError, 'structure dimensions must be equal to 3'
if not structure.iscontiguous():
structure = structure.copy()
if isinstance(output, numarray.NumArray):
if output.type() != numarray.Int32:
raise RuntimeError, 'output type must be Int32'
else:
output = numarray.Int32
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
max_label = _nd_image.label(input, structure, output)
if return_value == None:
return max_label
else:
return return_value, max_label
def binary_dilation(input, structure = None, iterations = 1, mask = None,
output = None, border_value = 0, origin = 0, brute_force = False):
"""Multi-dimensional binary dilation with the given structure.
An output array can optionally be provided. The origin parameter
controls the placement of the filter. If no structuring element is
provided an element is generated with a squared connectivity equal
to one. The dilation operation is repeated iterations times. If
iterations is less than 1, the dilation is repeated until the
result does not change anymore. If a mask is given, only those
elements with a true value at the corresponding mask element are
modified at each iteration.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if structure == None:
structure = generate_binary_structure(input.rank, 1)
origin = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, input.rank)
structure = numarray.asarray(structure)
structure = structure[tuple([slice(None, None, -1)] *
structure.rank)]
for ii in range(len(origin)):
origin[ii] = -origin[ii]
if not structure.shape[ii] & 1:
origin[ii] -= 1
return _binary_erosion(input, structure, iterations, mask,
output, border_value, origin, 1, brute_force)
def correlate1d(input,
weights,
axis=-1,
output=None,
mode="reflect",
cval=0.0,
origin=0):
"""Calculate a one-dimensional correlation along the given axis.
The lines of the array along the given axis are correlated with the
given weights. The weights parameter must be a one-dimensional sequence
of numbers."""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
weights = numarray.asarray(weights, type=numarray.Float64)
if weights.rank != 1 or weights.shape[0] < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'no filter weights given'
if not weights.iscontiguous():
weights = weights.copy()
axis = _ni_support._check_axis(axis, input.rank)
if ((len(weights) // 2 + origin < 0)
or (len(weights) // 2 + origin > len(weights))):
raise ValueError, 'invalid origin'
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
_nd_image.correlate1d(input, weights, axis, output, mode, cval, origin)
return return_value
def _correlate_or_convolve(input, weights, output, mode, cval, origin,
convolution):
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
origins = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, input.rank)
weights = numarray.asarray(weights, type=numarray.Float64)
wshape = [ii for ii in weights.shape if ii > 0]
if len(wshape) != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, 'filter weights array has incorrect shape.'
if convolution:
weights = weights[tuple([slice(None, None, -1)] * weights.rank)]
for ii in range(len(origins)):
origins[ii] = -origins[ii]
if not weights.shape[ii] & 1:
origins[ii] -= 1
for origin, lenw in zip(origins, wshape):
if (lenw // 2 + origin < 0) or (lenw // 2 + origin > lenw):
raise ValueError, 'invalid origin'
if not weights.iscontiguous():
weights = weights.copy()
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
_nd_image.correlate(input, weights, output, mode, cval, origins)
return return_value
def _min_or_max_filter(input, size, footprint, structure, output, mode, cval,
origin, minimum):
if structure is None:
if footprint is None:
if size is None:
raise RuntimeError, "no footprint provided"
separable = True
else:
footprint = numarray.asarray(footprint, numarray.Bool)
if numarray.alltrue(numarray.ravel(footprint)):
size = footprint.shape
footprint = None
separable = True
else:
separable = False
else:
structure = numarray.asarray(structure, type=numarray.Float64)
separable = False
if footprint is None:
footprint = numarray.ones(structure.shape, numarray.Bool)
else:
footprint = numarray.asarray(footprint, numarray.Bool)
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
origins = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, input.rank)
if separable:
sizes = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(size, input.rank)
axes = range(input.rank)
axes = [(axes[ii], sizes[ii], origins[ii]) for ii in range(len(axes))
if sizes[ii] > 1]
if minimum:
filter = minimum_filter1d
else:
filter = maximum_filter1d
if len(axes) > 0:
for axis, size, origin in axes:
filter(input, int(size), axis, output, mode, cval, origin)
input = output
else:
output[...] = input[...]
else:
fshape = [ii for ii in footprint.shape if ii > 0]
if len(fshape) != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, 'footprint array has incorrect shape.'
for origin, lenf in zip(origins, fshape):
if (lenf // 2 + origin < 0) or (lenf // 2 + origin > lenf):
raise ValueError, 'invalid origin'
if not footprint.iscontiguous():
footprint = footprint.copy()
if structure is not None:
if len(structure.shape) != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, 'structure array has incorrect shape'
if not structure.iscontiguous():
structure = structure.copy()
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
_nd_image.min_or_max_filter(input, footprint, structure, output, mode,
cval, origins, minimum)
return return_value
def map_coordinates(input, coordinates, output_type = None, output = None,
order = 3, mode = 'constant', cval = 0.0, prefilter = True):
"""Apply an arbritrary coordinate transformation.
The array of coordinates is used to find for each point in the output
the corresponding coordinates in the input. The value of the input at
that coordinates is determined by spline interpolation of the
requested order. Points outside the boundaries of the input are filled
according to the given mode. The parameter prefilter determines if the
input is pre-filtered before interpolation, if False it is assumed
that the input is already filtered.
"""
if order < 0 or order > 5:
raise RuntimeError, 'spline order not supported'
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
coordinates = numarray.asarray(coordinates)
if isinstance(coordinates.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
output_shape = coordinates.shape[1:]
if input.rank < 1 or len(output_shape) < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and output rank must be > 0'
if coordinates.shape[0] != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, 'invalid shape for coordinate array'
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
if prefilter and order > 1:
filtered = spline_filter(input, order, output = numarray.Float64)
else:
filtered = input
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input,
output_type, shape = output_shape)
_nd_image.geometric_transform(filtered, None, coordinates, None, None,
output, order, mode, cval, None, None)
return return_value
def zoom(input, zoom, output_type = None, output = None, order = 3,
mode = 'constant', cval = 0.0, prefilter = True):
"""Zoom an array.
The array is zoomed using spline interpolation of the requested order.
Points outside the boundaries of the input are filled according to the
given mode. The parameter prefilter determines if the input is pre-
filtered before interpolation, if False it is assumed that the input
is already filtered.
"""
if order < 0 or order > 5:
raise RuntimeError, 'spline order not supported'
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if input.rank < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and output rank must be > 0'
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
if prefilter and order > 1:
filtered = spline_filter(input, order, output = numarray.Float64)
else:
filtered = input
zoom = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(zoom, input.rank)
output_shape = [int(ii * jj) for ii, jj in zip(input.shape, zoom)]
zoom = [1.0 / ii for ii in zoom]
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input,
output_type, shape = output_shape)
zoom = numarray.asarray(zoom, type = numarray.Float64)
if not zoom.iscontiguous():
zoom = shift.copy()
_nd_image.zoom_shift(filtered, zoom, None, output, order, mode, cval)
return return_value
def affine_transform(input, matrix, offset = 0.0, output_shape = None,
output_type = None, output = None, order = 3,
mode = 'constant', cval = 0.0, prefilter = True):
"""Apply an affine transformation.
The given matrix and offset are used to find for each point in the
output the corresponding coordinates in the input by an affine
transformation. The value of the input at those coordinates is
determined by spline interpolation of the requested order. Points
outside the boundaries of the input are filled according to the given
mode. The output shape can optionally be given. If not given it is
equal to the input shape. The parameter prefilter determines if the
input is pre-filtered before interpolation, if False it is assumed
that the input is already filtered.
The matrix must be two-dimensional or can also be given as a
one-dimensional sequence or array. In the latter case, it is
assumed that the matrix is diagonal. A more efficient algorithms
is then applied that exploits the separability of the problem.
"""
if order < 0 or order > 5:
raise RuntimeError, 'spline order not supported'
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if output_shape == None:
output_shape = input.shape
if input.rank < 1 or len(output_shape) < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and output rank must be > 0'
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
if prefilter and order > 1:
filtered = spline_filter(input, order, output = numarray.Float64)
else:
filtered = input
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input,
output_type, shape = output_shape)
matrix = numarray.asarray(matrix, type = numarray.Float64)
if matrix.rank not in [1, 2] or matrix.shape[0] < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'no proper affine matrix provided'
if matrix.shape[0] != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, 'affine matrix has wrong number of rows'
if matrix.rank == 2 and matrix.shape[1] != output.rank:
raise RuntimeError, 'affine matrix has wrong number of columns'
if not matrix.iscontiguous():
matrix = matrix.copy()
offset = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(offset, input.rank)
offset = numarray.asarray(offset, type = numarray.Float64)
if offset.rank != 1 or offset.shape[0] < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'no proper offset provided'
if not offset.iscontiguous():
offset = offset.copy()
if matrix.rank == 1:
_nd_image.zoom_shift(filtered, matrix, offset, output, order,
mode, cval)
else:
_nd_image.geometric_transform(filtered, None, None, matrix, offset,
output, order, mode, cval, None, None)
return return_value
def _min_or_max_filter(input, size, footprint, structure, output, mode, cval, origin, minimum):
if structure is None:
if footprint is None:
if size is None:
raise RuntimeError, "no footprint provided"
separable = True
else:
footprint = numarray.asarray(footprint, numarray.Bool)
if numarray.alltrue(numarray.ravel(footprint)):
size = footprint.shape
footprint = None
separable = True
else:
separable = False
else:
structure = numarray.asarray(structure, type=numarray.Float64)
separable = False
if footprint is None:
footprint = numarray.ones(structure.shape, numarray.Bool)
else:
footprint = numarray.asarray(footprint, numarray.Bool)
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, "Complex type not supported"
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
origins = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, input.rank)
if separable:
sizes = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(size, input.rank)
axes = range(input.rank)
axes = [(axes[ii], sizes[ii], origins[ii]) for ii in range(len(axes)) if sizes[ii] > 1]
if minimum:
filter = minimum_filter1d
else:
filter = maximum_filter1d
if len(axes) > 0:
for axis, size, origin in axes:
filter(input, int(size), axis, output, mode, cval, origin)
input = output
else:
output[...] = input[...]
else:
fshape = [ii for ii in footprint.shape if ii > 0]
if len(fshape) != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, "footprint array has incorrect shape."
for origin, lenf in zip(origins, fshape):
if (lenf // 2 + origin < 0) or (lenf // 2 + origin > lenf):
raise ValueError, "invalid origin"
if not footprint.iscontiguous():
footprint = footprint.copy()
if structure is not None:
if len(structure.shape) != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, "structure array has incorrect shape"
if not structure.iscontiguous():
structure = structure.copy()
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
_nd_image.min_or_max_filter(input, footprint, structure, output, mode, cval, origins, minimum)
return return_value
def _rank_filter(input,
rank,
size=None,
footprint=None,
output=None,
mode="reflect",
cval=0.0,
origin=0,
operation='rank'):
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
origins = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, input.rank)
if footprint == None:
if size == None:
raise RuntimeError, "no footprint or filter size provided"
sizes = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(size, input.rank)
footprint = numarray.ones(sizes, type=numarray.Bool)
else:
footprint = numarray.asarray(footprint, type=numarray.Bool)
fshape = [ii for ii in footprint.shape if ii > 0]
if len(fshape) != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, 'filter footprint array has incorrect shape.'
for origin, lenf in zip(origins, fshape):
if (lenf // 2 + origin < 0) or (lenf // 2 + origin > lenf):
raise ValueError, 'invalid origin'
if not footprint.iscontiguous():
footprint = footprint.copy()
filter_size = numarray.where(footprint, 1, 0).sum()
if operation == 'median':
rank = filter_size // 2
elif operation == 'percentile':
percentile = rank
if percentile < 0.0:
percentile += 100.0
if percentile < 0 or percentile > 100:
raise RuntimeError, 'invalid percentile'
if percentile == 100.0:
rank = filter_size - 1
else:
rank = int(float(filter_size) * percentile / 100.0)
if rank < 0:
rank += filter_size
if rank < 0 or rank >= filter_size:
raise RuntimeError, 'rank not within filter footprint size'
if rank == 0:
return minimum_filter(input, None, footprint, output, mode, cval,
origin)
elif rank == filter_size - 1:
return maximum_filter(input, None, footprint, output, mode, cval,
origin)
else:
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
_nd_image.rank_filter(input, rank, footprint, output, mode, cval,
origins)
return return_value
def generic_filter(
input,
function,
size=None,
footprint=None,
output=None,
mode="reflect",
cval=0.0,
origin=0,
extra_arguments=(),
extra_keywords={},
):
"""Calculates a multi-dimensional filter using the given function.
At each element the provided function is called. The input values
within the filter footprint at that element are passed to the function
as a 1D array of double values.
Either a size or a footprint with the filter must be provided. An
output array can optionally be provided. The origin parameter
controls the placement of the filter. The mode parameter
determines how the array borders are handled, where cval is the
value when mode is equal to 'constant'. The extra_arguments and
extra_keywords arguments can be used to pass extra arguments and
keywords that are passed to the function at each call."""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, "Complex type not supported"
origins = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, input.rank)
if footprint == None:
if size == None:
raise RuntimeError, "no footprint or filter size provided"
sizes = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(size, input.rank)
footprint = numarray.ones(size, type=numarray.Bool)
else:
footprint = numarray.asarray(footprint, type=numarray.Bool)
fshape = [ii for ii in footprint.shape if ii > 0]
if len(fshape) != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, "filter footprint array has incorrect shape."
for origin, lenf in zip(origins, fshape):
if (lenf // 2 + origin < 0) or (lenf // 2 + origin > lenf):
raise ValueError, "invalid origin"
if not footprint.iscontiguous():
footprint = footprint.copy()
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
_nd_image.generic_filter(input, function, footprint, output, mode, cval, origins, extra_arguments, extra_keywords)
return return_value
def _rank_filter(
input, rank, size=None, footprint=None, output=None, mode="reflect", cval=0.0, origin=0, operation="rank"
):
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, "Complex type not supported"
origins = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, input.rank)
if footprint == None:
if size == None:
raise RuntimeError, "no footprint or filter size provided"
sizes = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(size, input.rank)
footprint = numarray.ones(sizes, type=numarray.Bool)
else:
footprint = numarray.asarray(footprint, type=numarray.Bool)
fshape = [ii for ii in footprint.shape if ii > 0]
if len(fshape) != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, "filter footprint array has incorrect shape."
for origin, lenf in zip(origins, fshape):
if (lenf // 2 + origin < 0) or (lenf // 2 + origin > lenf):
raise ValueError, "invalid origin"
if not footprint.iscontiguous():
footprint = footprint.copy()
filter_size = numarray.where(footprint, 1, 0).sum()
if operation == "median":
rank = filter_size // 2
elif operation == "percentile":
percentile = rank
if percentile < 0.0:
percentile += 100.0
if percentile < 0 or percentile > 100:
raise RuntimeError, "invalid percentile"
if percentile == 100.0:
rank = filter_size - 1
else:
rank = int(float(filter_size) * percentile / 100.0)
if rank < 0:
rank += filter_size
if rank < 0 or rank >= filter_size:
raise RuntimeError, "rank not within filter footprint size"
if rank == 0:
return minimum_filter(input, None, footprint, output, mode, cval, origin)
elif rank == filter_size - 1:
return maximum_filter(input, None, footprint, output, mode, cval, origin)
else:
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
_nd_image.rank_filter(input, rank, footprint, output, mode, cval, origins)
return return_value
def sum(input, labels = None, index = None):
"""Calculate the sum of the values of the array.
The index parameter is a single label number or a sequence of
label numbers of the objects to be measured. If index is None, all
values are used where labels is larger than zero.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if labels != None:
labels = numarray.asarray(labels)
labels = _broadcast(labels, input.shape)
if labels.shape != input.shape:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and labels shape are not equal'
return _nd_image.statistics(input, labels, index, 0)
def uniform_filter(input,
size=3,
output=None,
mode="reflect",
cval=0.0,
origin=0):
"""Multi-dimensional uniform filter.
The sizes of the uniform filter are given for each axis as a
sequence, or as a single number, in which case the size is equal
for all axes.
The multi-dimensional filter is implemented as a sequence of
one-dimensional uniform filters. The intermediate arrays are stored
in the same data type as the output. Therefore, for output types
with a limited precision, the results may be imprecise because
intermediate results may be stored with insufficient precision.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
sizes = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(size, input.rank)
origins = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, input.rank)
axes = range(input.rank)
axes = [(axes[ii], sizes[ii], origins[ii]) for ii in range(len(axes))
if sizes[ii] > 1]
if len(axes) > 0:
for axis, size, origin in axes:
uniform_filter1d(input, int(size), axis, output, mode, cval,
origin)
input = output
else:
output[...] = input[...]
return return_value
def gaussian_gradient_magnitude(input,
sigma,
output=None,
mode="reflect",
cval=0.0):
"""Calculate a multidimensional gradient magnitude using gaussian
derivatives.
The standard-deviations of the Gaussian filter are given for each
axis as a sequence, or as a single number, in which case it is
equal for all axes..
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
def derivative(input, axis, output, mode, cval, sigma):
order = [0] * input.rank
order[axis] = 1
return gaussian_filter(input, sigma, order, output, mode, cval)
return generic_gradient_magnitude(input,
derivative,
output,
mode,
cval,
extra_arguments=(sigma, ))
def uniform_filter(input, size=3, output=None, mode="reflect", cval=0.0, origin=0):
"""Multi-dimensional uniform filter.
The sizes of the uniform filter are given for each axis as a
sequence, or as a single number, in which case the size is equal
for all axes.
The multi-dimensional filter is implemented as a sequence of
one-dimensional uniform filters. The intermediate arrays are stored
in the same data type as the output. Therefore, for output types
with a limited precision, the results may be imprecise because
intermediate results may be stored with insufficient precision.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
sizes = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(size, input.rank)
origins = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, input.rank)
axes = range(input.rank)
axes = [(axes[ii], sizes[ii], origins[ii]) for ii in range(len(axes)) if sizes[ii] > 1]
if len(axes) > 0:
for axis, size, origin in axes:
uniform_filter1d(input, int(size), axis, output, mode, cval, origin)
input = output
else:
output[...] = input[...]
return return_value
def sum(input, labels=None, index=None):
"""Calculate the sum of the values of the array.
The index parameter is a single label number or a sequence of
label numbers of the objects to be measured. If index is None, all
values are used where labels is larger than zero.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if labels != None:
labels = numarray.asarray(labels)
labels = _broadcast(labels, input.shape)
if labels.shape != input.shape:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and labels shape are not equal'
return _nd_image.statistics(input, labels, index, 0)
def generic_laplace(input,
derivative2,
output=None,
mode="reflect",
cval=0.0,
extra_arguments=(),
extra_keywords={}):
"""Calculate a multidimensional laplace filter using the provided
second derivative function.
The derivative2 parameter must be a callable with the following
signature:
derivative2(input, axis, output, mode, cval,
*extra_arguments, **extra_keywords)
The extra_arguments and extra_keywords arguments can be used to pass
extra arguments and keywords that are passed to derivative2 at each
call.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
axes = range(input.rank)
if len(axes) > 0:
derivative2(input, axes[0], output, mode, cval, *extra_arguments,
**extra_keywords)
for ii in range(1, len(axes)):
tmp = derivative2(input, axes[ii], output.type(), mode, cval,
*extra_arguments, **extra_keywords)
output += tmp
else:
output[...] = input[...]
return return_value
def generic_gradient_magnitude(
input, derivative, output=None, mode="reflect", cval=0.0, extra_arguments=(), extra_keywords={}
):
"""Calculate a gradient magnitude using the provdide function for
the gradient.
The derivative parameter must be a callable with the following
signature:
derivative(input, axis, output, mode, cval,
*extra_arguments, **extra_keywords)
The extra_arguments and extra_keywords arguments can be used to pass
extra arguments and keywords that are passed to derivative2 at each
call.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
axes = range(input.rank)
if len(axes) > 0:
derivative(input, axes[0], output, mode, cval, *extra_arguments, **extra_keywords)
numarray.multiply(output, output, output)
for ii in range(1, len(axes)):
tmp = derivative(input, axes[ii], output.type(), mode, cval, *extra_arguments, **extra_keywords)
numarray.multiply(tmp, tmp, tmp)
output += tmp
numarray.sqrt(output, output)
else:
output[...] = input[...]
return return_value
def gaussian_filter(input, sigma, order=0, output=None, mode="reflect", cval=0.0):
"""Multi-dimensional Gaussian filter.
The standard-deviations of the Gaussian filter are given for each
axis as a sequence, or as a single number, in which case it is
equal for all axes. The order of the filter along each axis is
given as a sequence of integers, or as a single number. An order
of 0 corresponds to convolution with a Gaussian kernel. An order
of 1, 2, or 3 corresponds to convolution with the first, second or
third derivatives of a Gaussian. Higher order derivatives are not
implemented.'
Note: The multi-dimensional filter is implemented as a sequence of
one-dimensional convolution filters. The intermediate arrays are
stored in the same data type as the output. Therefore, for output
types with a limited precision, the results may be imprecise
because intermediate results may be stored with insufficient
precision.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
orders = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(order, input.rank)
sigmas = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(sigma, input.rank)
axes = range(input.rank)
axes = [(axes[ii], sigmas[ii], orders[ii]) for ii in range(len(axes)) if sigmas[ii] > 1e-15]
if len(axes) > 0:
for axis, sigma, order in axes:
gaussian_filter1d(input, sigma, axis, order, output, mode, cval)
input = output
else:
output[...] = input[...]
return return_value
def binary_hit_or_miss(input, structure1 = None, structure2 = None,
output = None, origin1 = 0, origin2 = None):
"""Multi-dimensional binary hit-or-miss transform.
An output array can optionally be provided. The origin parameters
controls the placement of the structuring elements. If the first
structuring element is not given one is generated with a squared
connectivity equal to one. If the second structuring element is
not provided, it set equal to the inverse of the first structuring
element. If the origin for the second structure is equal to None
it is set equal to the origin of the first.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if structure1 is None:
structure1 = generate_binary_structure(input.rank, 1)
if structure2 is None:
structure2 = numarray.logical_not(structure1)
origin1 = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin1, input.rank)
if origin2 is None:
origin2 = origin1
else:
origin2 = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin2, input.rank)
tmp1 = _binary_erosion(input, structure1, 1, None, None, 0, origin1,
0, False)
inplace = isinstance(output, numarray.NumArray)
result = _binary_erosion(input, structure2, 1, None, output, 0,
origin2, 1, False)
if inplace:
numarray.logical_not(output, output)
numarray.logical_and(tmp1, output, output)
else:
numarray.logical_not(result, result)
return numarray.logical_and(tmp1, result)
def iterate_structure(structure, iterations, origin=None):
"""Iterate a structure by dilating it with itself.
If origin is None, only the iterated structure is returned. If
not, a tuple of the iterated structure and the modified origin is
returned.
"""
structure = numarray.asarray(structure)
if iterations < 2:
return structure.copy()
ni = iterations - 1
shape = [ii + ni * (ii - 1) for ii in structure.shape]
pos = [ni * (structure.shape[ii] / 2) for ii in range(len(shape))]
slc = [
slice(pos[ii], pos[ii] + structure.shape[ii], None)
for ii in range(len(shape))
]
out = numarray.zeros(shape, numarray.Bool)
out[slc] = structure != 0
out = binary_dilation(out, structure, iterations=ni)
if origin is None:
return out
else:
origin = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, structure.rank)
origin = [iterations * o for o in origin]
return out, origin
def generic_laplace(input, derivative2, output=None, mode="reflect", cval=0.0, extra_arguments=(), extra_keywords={}):
"""Calculate a multidimensional laplace filter using the provided
second derivative function.
The derivative2 parameter must be a callable with the following
signature:
derivative2(input, axis, output, mode, cval,
*extra_arguments, **extra_keywords)
The extra_arguments and extra_keywords arguments can be used to pass
extra arguments and keywords that are passed to derivative2 at each
call.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
axes = range(input.rank)
if len(axes) > 0:
derivative2(input, axes[0], output, mode, cval, *extra_arguments, **extra_keywords)
for ii in range(1, len(axes)):
tmp = derivative2(input, axes[ii], output.type(), mode, cval, *extra_arguments, **extra_keywords)
output += tmp
else:
output[...] = input[...]
return return_value
def inverse(a):
"""inverse(a) -> inverse matrix of a
*a* may be either rank-2 or rank-3. If it is rank-2, it must square.
>>> A = [[1,2,3], [3,5,5], [5,6,7]]
>>> Ainv = inverse(A)
>>> _isClose(na.dot(A, Ainv), na.identity(3))
1
If *a* is rank-3, it is treated as an array of rank-2 matrices and
must be square along the last 2 axes.
>>> A = [[[1, 3], [2j, 3j]],
... [[2, 4], [4j, 4j]],
... [[3, 5], [6j, 5j]]]
>>> Ainv = inverse(A)
>>> _isClose(map(na.dot, A, Ainv), [na.identity(2)]*3)
1
If *a* is not square along its last two axes, a LinAlgError is raised.
>>> inverse(na.asarray(A)[...,:1])
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
LinearAlgebraError: Array (or it submatrices) must be square
"""
a = na.asarray(a)
I = na.identity(a.shape[-2])
if len(a.shape) == 3:
I.shape = (1,) + I.shape
return solve_linear_equations(a, I)
def determinant(a):
"""determinant(a) -> ||a||
*a* may be either rank-2 or rank-3. If it is rank-2, it must square.
>>> A = [[1,2,3], [3,4,5], [5,6,7]]
>>> _isClose(determinant(A), 0)
1
If *a* is rank-3, it is treated as an array of rank-2 matrices and
must be square along the last 2 axes.
>>> A = [[[1, 3], [2j, 3j]], [[2, 4], [4j, 4j]], [[3, 5], [6j, 5j]]]
>>> _isClose(determinant(A), [-3j, -8j, -15j])
1
If *a* is not square along its last two axes, a LinAlgError is raised.
>>> determinant(na.asarray(A)[...,:1])
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
LinearAlgebraError: Array (or it submatrices) must be square
"""
a = na.asarray(a)
_assertRank((2,3), a)
_assertSubmatrixSquareness(a)
stretched = (len(a.shape) == 2)
if stretched:
a = a[na.NewAxis,]
t = _commonType(a)
a = _castCopyAndTranspose(t, a, indices=(0,2,1))
n_cases, n = a.shape[:2]
if _array_kind[t] == 1:
lapack_routine = lapack_lite2.zgetrf
else:
lapack_routine = lapack_lite2.dgetrf
no_pivoting = na.arrayrange(1, n+1)
pivots = na.zeros((n,), 'l')
all_pivots = na.zeros((n_cases, n,), 'l')
sum , not_equal = na.sum, na.not_equal
stride = n * n * a.itemsize()
pivots_stride = n * pivots.itemsize()
view = a[0].view()
view_pivots = all_pivots[0]
a_i = view.copy()
for i in range(n_cases):
if i:
a_i._copyFrom(view)
outcome = lapack_routine(n, n, a_i, n, pivots, 0)
view_pivots._copyFrom(pivots)
view._copyFrom(a_i)
view._byteoffset += stride
view_pivots._byteoffset += pivots_stride
signs = na.where(sum(not_equal(all_pivots, no_pivoting), 1) % 2, -1, 1).astype(t)
for i in range(n):
signs *= a[:,i,i]
if stretched:
signs = signs[0]
return signs
def generic_filter(input,
function,
size=None,
footprint=None,
output=None,
mode="reflect",
cval=0.0,
origin=0,
extra_arguments=(),
extra_keywords={}):
"""Calculates a multi-dimensional filter using the given function.
At each element the provided function is called. The input values
within the filter footprint at that element are passed to the function
as a 1D array of double values.
Either a size or a footprint with the filter must be provided. An
output array can optionally be provided. The origin parameter
controls the placement of the filter. The mode parameter
determines how the array borders are handled, where cval is the
value when mode is equal to 'constant'. The extra_arguments and
extra_keywords arguments can be used to pass extra arguments and
keywords that are passed to the function at each call."""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
origins = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, input.rank)
if footprint == None:
if size == None:
raise RuntimeError, "no footprint or filter size provided"
sizes = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(size, input.rank)
footprint = numarray.ones(size, type=numarray.Bool)
else:
footprint = numarray.asarray(footprint, type=numarray.Bool)
fshape = [ii for ii in footprint.shape if ii > 0]
if len(fshape) != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, 'filter footprint array has incorrect shape.'
for origin, lenf in zip(origins, fshape):
if (lenf // 2 + origin < 0) or (lenf // 2 + origin > lenf):
raise ValueError, 'invalid origin'
if not footprint.iscontiguous():
footprint = footprint.copy()
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
_nd_image.generic_filter(input, function, footprint, output, mode, cval,
origins, extra_arguments, extra_keywords)
return return_value
def __mul__(self, other):
aother = asarray(other)
#if len(aother.shape) == 0:
# return self._rc(self*aother)
#else:
# return self._rc(dot(self, aother))
#return self._rc(dot(self, aother))
return dot(self, aother)
def __mul__(self, other):
aother = asarray(other)
#if len(aother.shape) == 0:
# return self._rc(self*aother)
#else:
# return self._rc(dot(self, aother))
#return self._rc(dot(self, aother))
return dot(self, aother)
def wmspec(data, windows=None, doxs=1):
"""Compute power and cross spectra, with a window or multitapers.
data and doxs are as for multispec
(except the default for doxs is different).
If windows is one-dimensional, it is treated as a windowing function.
If windows is two-dimensional, it is treated as a set of multitapers."""
data = num.asarray(data)
if windows is None:
windows = [1]
else:
windows = num.array(windows, copy=0)
win_length = windows.shape[-1]
windows.shape = (-1, win_length)
nwin = len(windows)
# subtract the average
avg = num.sum(data, -1) / data.shape[-1]
avg = num.asarray(avg)
data = data - avg[..., num.NewAxis]
total_power = 0
if doxs:
total_cross = 0
for window in windows:
spectra = multispec(data * window, doxs=doxs)
if doxs:
total_power += spectra[0]
total_cross += spectra[1]
else:
total_power += spectra
total_power /= nwin
if doxs:
total_cross /= nwin
if doxs:
return total_power, total_cross
else:
return total_power
def wmspec(data, windows=None, doxs=1):
"""Compute power and cross spectra, with a window or multitapers.
data and doxs are as for multispec
(except the default for doxs is different).
If windows is one-dimensional, it is treated as a windowing function.
If windows is two-dimensional, it is treated as a set of multitapers."""
data = num.asarray(data)
if windows is None:
windows = [1]
else:
windows = num.array(windows, copy=0)
win_length = windows.shape[-1]
windows.shape = (-1, win_length)
nwin = len(windows)
# subtract the average
avg = num.sum(data, -1) / data.shape[-1]
avg = num.asarray(avg)
data = data - avg[..., num.NewAxis]
total_power = 0
if doxs:
total_cross = 0
for window in windows:
spectra = multispec(data * window, doxs=doxs)
if doxs:
total_power += spectra[0]
total_cross += spectra[1]
else:
total_power += spectra
total_power /= nwin
if doxs:
total_cross /= nwin
if doxs:
return total_power, total_cross
else:
return total_power
def map_coordinates(input,
coordinates,
output_type=None,
output=None,
order=3,
mode='constant',
cval=0.0,
prefilter=True):
"""Apply an arbritrary coordinate transformation.
The array of coordinates is used to find for each point in the output
the corresponding coordinates in the input. The value of the input at
that coordinates is determined by spline interpolation of the
requested order. Points outside the boundaries of the input are filled
according to the given mode. The parameter prefilter determines if the
input is pre-filtered before interpolation, if False it is assumed
that the input is already filtered.
"""
if order < 0 or order > 5:
raise RuntimeError, 'spline order not supported'
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
coordinates = numarray.asarray(coordinates)
if isinstance(coordinates.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
output_shape = coordinates.shape[1:]
if input.rank < 1 or len(output_shape) < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and output rank must be > 0'
if coordinates.shape[0] != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, 'invalid shape for coordinate array'
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
if prefilter and order > 1:
filtered = spline_filter(input, order, output=numarray.Float64)
else:
filtered = input
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output,
input,
output_type,
shape=output_shape)
_nd_image.geometric_transform(filtered, None, coordinates, None, None,
output, order, mode, cval, None, None)
return return_value
def fourier_uniform(input, size, n = -1, axis = -1, output = None):
"""Multi-dimensional Uniform fourier filter.
The array is multiplied with the fourier transform of a box of given
sizes. If the parameter n is negative, then the input is assumed to be
the result of a complex fft. If n is larger or equal to zero, the input
is assumed to be the result of a real fft, and n gives the length of
the of the array before transformation along the the real transform
direction. The axis of the real transform is given by the axis
parameter.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
output, return_value = _get_output_fourier(output, input)
axis = _ni_support._check_axis(axis, input.rank)
sizes = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(size, input.rank)
sizes = numarray.asarray(sizes, type = numarray.Float64)
if not sizes.iscontiguous():
sizes = sizes.copy()
_nd_image.fourier_filter(input, sizes, n, axis, output, 1)
return return_value
def maximum_position(input, labels=None, index=None):
"""Find the position of the maximum of the values of the array.
The index parameter is a single label number or a sequence of
label numbers of the objects to be measured. If index is None, all
values are used where labels is larger than zero.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if labels != None:
labels = numarray.asarray(labels)
labels = _broadcast(labels, input.shape)
if labels.shape != input.shape:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and labels shape are not equal'
pos = _nd_image.statistics(input, labels, index, 6)
if (isinstance(pos, types.ListType)):
return [_index_to_position(x, input.shape) for x in pos]
else:
return _index_to_position(pos, input.shape)
def sobel(input, axis=-1, output=None, mode="reflect", cval=0.0):
"""Calculate a Sobel filter.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
axis = _ni_support._check_axis(axis, input.rank)
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
correlate1d(input, [-1, 0, 1], axis, output, mode, cval, 0)
axes = [ii for ii in range(input.rank) if ii != axis]
for ii in axes:
correlate1d(output, [1, 2, 1], ii, output, mode, cval, 0)
return return_value
def maximum_position(input, labels = None, index = None):
"""Find the position of the maximum of the values of the array.
The index parameter is a single label number or a sequence of
label numbers of the objects to be measured. If index is None, all
values are used where labels is larger than zero.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if labels != None:
labels = numarray.asarray(labels)
labels = _broadcast(labels, input.shape)
if labels.shape != input.shape:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and labels shape are not equal'
pos = _nd_image.statistics(input, labels, index, 6)
if (isinstance(pos, types.ListType)):
return [_index_to_position(x, input.shape) for x in pos]
else:
return _index_to_position(pos, input.shape)
def fourier_uniform(input, size, n=-1, axis=-1, output=None):
"""Multi-dimensional Uniform fourier filter.
The array is multiplied with the fourier transform of a box of given
sizes. If the parameter n is negative, then the input is assumed to be
the result of a complex fft. If n is larger or equal to zero, the input
is assumed to be the result of a real fft, and n gives the length of
the of the array before transformation along the the real transform
direction. The axis of the real transform is given by the axis
parameter.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
output, return_value = _get_output_fourier(output, input)
axis = _ni_support._check_axis(axis, input.rank)
sizes = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(size, input.rank)
sizes = numarray.asarray(sizes, type=numarray.Float64)
if not sizes.iscontiguous():
sizes = sizes.copy()
_nd_image.fourier_filter(input, sizes, n, axis, output, 1)
return return_value
def sobel(input, axis=-1, output=None, mode="reflect", cval=0.0):
"""Calculate a Sobel filter.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
axis = _ni_support._check_axis(axis, input.rank)
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
correlate1d(input, [-1, 0, 1], axis, output, mode, cval, 0)
axes = [ii for ii in range(input.rank) if ii != axis]
for ii in axes:
correlate1d(output, [1, 2, 1], ii, output, mode, cval, 0)
return return_value
def correlate1d(input, weights, axis=-1, output=None, mode="reflect", cval=0.0, origin=0):
"""Calculate a one-dimensional correlation along the given axis.
The lines of the array along the given axis are correlated with the
given weights. The weights parameter must be a one-dimensional sequence
of numbers."""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, "Complex type not supported"
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
weights = numarray.asarray(weights, type=numarray.Float64)
if weights.rank != 1 or weights.shape[0] < 1:
raise RuntimeError, "no filter weights given"
if not weights.iscontiguous():
weights = weights.copy()
axis = _ni_support._check_axis(axis, input.rank)
if (len(weights) // 2 + origin < 0) or (len(weights) // 2 + origin > len(weights)):
raise ValueError, "invalid origin"
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
_nd_image.correlate1d(input, weights, axis, output, mode, cval, origin)
return return_value
def zoom(input,
zoom,
output_type=None,
output=None,
order=3,
mode='constant',
cval=0.0,
prefilter=True):
"""Zoom an array.
The array is zoomed using spline interpolation of the requested order.
Points outside the boundaries of the input are filled according to the
given mode. The parameter prefilter determines if the input is pre-
filtered before interpolation, if False it is assumed that the input
is already filtered.
"""
if order < 0 or order > 5:
raise RuntimeError, 'spline order not supported'
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if input.rank < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and output rank must be > 0'
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
if prefilter and order > 1:
filtered = spline_filter(input, order, output=numarray.Float64)
else:
filtered = input
zoom = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(zoom, input.rank)
output_shape = [int(ii * jj) for ii, jj in zip(input.shape, zoom)]
zoom = [1.0 / ii for ii in zoom]
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output,
input,
output_type,
shape=output_shape)
zoom = numarray.asarray(zoom, type=numarray.Float64)
if not zoom.iscontiguous():
zoom = shift.copy()
_nd_image.zoom_shift(filtered, zoom, None, output, order, mode, cval)
return return_value
def histogram(input, min, max, bins, labels = None, index = None):
"""Calculate a histogram of of the array.
The histogram is defined by its minimum and maximum value and the
number of bins.
The index parameter is a single label number or a sequence of
label numbers of the objects to be measured. If index is None, all
values are used where labels is larger than zero.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if labels != None:
labels = numarray.asarray(labels)
labels = _broadcast(labels, input.shape)
if labels.shape != input.shape:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and labels shape are not equal'
if bins < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'number of bins must be >= 1'
if min >= max:
raise RuntimeError, 'min must be < max'
return _nd_image.histogram(input, min, max, bins, labels, index)
def histogram(input, min, max, bins, labels=None, index=None):
"""Calculate a histogram of of the array.
The histogram is defined by its minimum and maximum value and the
number of bins.
The index parameter is a single label number or a sequence of
label numbers of the objects to be measured. If index is None, all
values are used where labels is larger than zero.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if labels != None:
labels = numarray.asarray(labels)
labels = _broadcast(labels, input.shape)
if labels.shape != input.shape:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and labels shape are not equal'
if bins < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'number of bins must be >= 1'
if min >= max:
raise RuntimeError, 'min must be < max'
return _nd_image.histogram(input, min, max, bins, labels, index)
def watershed_ift(input, markers, structure=None, output=None):
"""Apply watershed from markers using a iterative forest transform
algorithm.
Negative markers are considered background markers which are
processed after the other markers. A structuring element defining
the connectivity of the object can be provided. If none is
provided an element is generated iwth a squared connecitiviy equal
to one. An output array can optionally be provided.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if input.type() not in [numarray.UInt8, numarray.UInt16]:
raise TypeError, 'only 8 and 16 unsigned inputs are supported'
if structure == None:
structure = morphology.generate_binary_structure(input.rank, 1)
structure = numarray.asarray(structure, type=numarray.Bool)
if structure.rank != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, 'structure and input must have equal rank'
for ii in structure.shape:
if ii != 3:
raise RuntimeError, 'structure dimensions must be equal to 3'
if not structure.iscontiguous():
structure = structure.copy()
markers = numarray.asarray(markers)
if input.shape != markers.shape:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and markers must have equal shape'
if not isinstance(markers.type(), numarray.IntegralType):
raise RuntimeError, 'marker should be of integer type'
if isinstance(output, numarray.NumArray):
if not isinstance(output.type(), numarray.IntegralType):
raise RuntimeError, 'output should be of integer type'
else:
output = markers.type()
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
_nd_image.watershed_ift(input, markers, structure, output)
return return_value
def extrema(input, labels=None, index=None):
"""Calculate the minimum, the maximum and their positions of the
values of the array.
The index parameter is a single label number or a sequence of
label numbers of the objects to be measured. If index is None, all
values are used where labels is larger than zero.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if labels != None:
labels = numarray.asarray(labels)
labels = _broadcast(labels, input.shape)
if labels.shape != input.shape:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and labels shape are not equal'
min, max, minp, maxp = _nd_image.statistics(input, labels, index, 7)
if (isinstance(minp, types.ListType)):
minp = [_index_to_position(x, input.shape) for x in minp]
maxp = [_index_to_position(x, input.shape) for x in maxp]
else:
minp = _index_to_position(minp, input.shape)
maxp = _index_to_position(maxp, input.shape)
return min, max, minp, maxp
def _correlate_or_convolve(input, weights, output, mode, cval, origin, convolution):
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, "Complex type not supported"
origins = _ni_support._normalize_sequence(origin, input.rank)
weights = numarray.asarray(weights, type=numarray.Float64)
wshape = [ii for ii in weights.shape if ii > 0]
if len(wshape) != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, "filter weights array has incorrect shape."
if convolution:
weights = weights[tuple([slice(None, None, -1)] * weights.rank)]
for ii in range(len(origins)):
origins[ii] = -origins[ii]
if not weights.shape[ii] & 1:
origins[ii] -= 1
for origin, lenw in zip(origins, wshape):
if (lenw // 2 + origin < 0) or (lenw // 2 + origin > lenw):
raise ValueError, "invalid origin"
if not weights.iscontiguous():
weights = weights.copy()
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
_nd_image.correlate(input, weights, output, mode, cval, origins)
return return_value
def binary_closing(input, structure=None, iterations=1, output=None, origin=0):
"""Multi-dimensional binary closing with the given structure.
An output array can optionally be provided. The origin parameter
controls the placement of the filter. If no structuring element is
provided an element is generated with a squared connectivity equal
to one. The iterations parameter gives the number of times the
dilations and then the erosions are done.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if structure is None:
rank = input.rank
structure = generate_binary_structure(rank, 1)
tmp = binary_dilation(input, structure, iterations, None, None, 0, origin)
return binary_erosion(tmp, structure, iterations, None, output, 0, origin)
def extrema(input, labels = None, index = None):
"""Calculate the minimum, the maximum and their positions of the
values of the array.
The index parameter is a single label number or a sequence of
label numbers of the objects to be measured. If index is None, all
values are used where labels is larger than zero.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if labels != None:
labels = numarray.asarray(labels)
labels = _broadcast(labels, input.shape)
if labels.shape != input.shape:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and labels shape are not equal'
min, max, minp, maxp = _nd_image.statistics(input, labels, index, 7)
if (isinstance(minp, types.ListType)):
minp = [_index_to_position(x, input.shape) for x in minp]
maxp = [_index_to_position(x, input.shape) for x in maxp]
else:
minp = _index_to_position(minp, input.shape)
maxp = _index_to_position(maxp, input.shape)
return min, max, minp, maxp
def watershed_ift(input, markers, structure = None, output = None):
"""Apply watershed from markers using a iterative forest transform
algorithm.
Negative markers are considered background markers which are
processed after the other markers. A structuring element defining
the connectivity of the object can be provided. If none is
provided an element is generated iwth a squared connecitiviy equal
to one. An output array can optionally be provided.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if input.type() not in [numarray.UInt8, numarray.UInt16]:
raise TypeError, 'only 8 and 16 unsigned inputs are supported'
if structure == None:
structure = morphology.generate_binary_structure(input.rank, 1)
structure = numarray.asarray(structure, type = numarray.Bool)
if structure.rank != input.rank:
raise RuntimeError, 'structure and input must have equal rank'
for ii in structure.shape:
if ii != 3:
raise RuntimeError, 'structure dimensions must be equal to 3'
if not structure.iscontiguous():
structure = structure.copy()
markers = numarray.asarray(markers)
if input.shape != markers.shape:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and markers must have equal shape'
if not isinstance(markers.type(), numarray.IntegralType):
raise RuntimeError, 'marker should be of integer type'
if isinstance(output, numarray.NumArray):
if not isinstance(output.type(), numarray.IntegralType):
raise RuntimeError, 'output should be of integer type'
else:
output = markers.type()
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output, input)
_nd_image.watershed_ift(input, markers, structure, output)
return return_value
def _combine_f(funcstr, arrays, output=None, outtype=None, nlow=0, nhigh=0, badmasks=None):
arrays = [ num.asarray(a) for a in arrays ]
shape = arrays[0].shape
if output is None:
if outtype is not None:
out = arrays[0].astype(outtype)
else:
out = arrays[0].copy()
else:
out = output
for a in tuple(arrays[1:])+(out,):
if a.shape != shape:
raise ValueError("all arrays must have identical shapes")
_comb(arrays, out, nlow, nhigh, badmasks, funcstr)
if output is None:
return out
def find_objects(input, max_label=0):
"""Find objects in a labeled array.
The input must be an array with labeled objects. A list of slices
into the array is returned that contain the objects. The list
represents a sequence of the numbered objects. If a number is
missing, None is returned instead of a slice. If max_label > 0, it
gives the largest object number that is searched for, otherwise
all are returned.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if max_label < 1:
max_label = input.max()
return _nd_image.find_objects(input, max_label)
def gaussian_gradient_magnitude(input, sigma, output=None, mode="reflect", cval=0.0):
"""Calculate a multidimensional gradient magnitude using gaussian
derivatives.
The standard-deviations of the Gaussian filter are given for each
axis as a sequence, or as a single number, in which case it is
equal for all axes..
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
def derivative(input, axis, output, mode, cval, sigma):
order = [0] * input.rank
order[axis] = 1
return gaussian_filter(input, sigma, order, output, mode, cval)
return generic_gradient_magnitude(input, derivative, output, mode, cval, extra_arguments=(sigma,))
def find_objects(input, max_label = 0):
"""Find objects in a labeled array.
The input must be an array with labeled objects. A list of slices
into the array is returned that contain the objects. The list
represents a sequence of the numbered objects. If a number is
missing, None is returned instead of a slice. If max_label > 0, it
gives the largest object number that is searched for, otherwise
all are returned.
"""
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if max_label < 1:
max_label = input.max()
return _nd_image.find_objects(input, max_label)
def geometric_transform(input,
mapping,
output_shape=None,
output_type=None,
output=None,
order=3,
mode='constant',
cval=0.0,
prefilter=True,
extra_arguments=(),
extra_keywords={}):
"""Apply an arbritrary geometric transform.
The given mapping function is used to find for each point in the
output the corresponding coordinates in the input. The value of the
input at those coordinates is determined by spline interpolation of
the requested order. Points outside the boundaries of the input are
filled according to the given mode. The output shape can optionally be
given. If not given, it is equal to the input shape. The parameter
prefilter determines if the input is pre-filtered before
interpolation, if False it is assumed that the input is already
filtered. The extra_arguments and extra_keywords arguments can be
used to provide extra arguments and keywords that are passed to the
mapping function at each call.
"""
if order < 0 or order > 5:
raise RuntimeError, 'spline order not supported'
input = numarray.asarray(input)
if isinstance(input.type(), numarray.ComplexType):
raise TypeError, 'Complex type not supported'
if output_shape == None:
output_shape = input.shape
if input.rank < 1 or len(output_shape) < 1:
raise RuntimeError, 'input and output rank must be > 0'
mode = _ni_support._extend_mode_to_code(mode)
if prefilter and order > 1:
filtered = spline_filter(input, order, output=numarray.Float64)
else:
filtered = input
output, return_value = _ni_support._get_output(output,
input,
output_type,
shape=output_shape)
_nd_image.geometric_transform(filtered, mapping, None, None, None, output,
order, mode, cval, extra_arguments,
extra_keywords)
return return_value
def generate_binary_structure(rank, connectivity):
"""Generate a binary structure for binary morphological operations.
The inputs are the rank of the array to which the structure will
be applied and the square of the connectivity of the structure.
"""
if connectivity < 1:
connectivity = 1
if rank < 1:
if connectivity < 1:
return numarray.array(0, type=numarray.Bool)
else:
return numarray.array(1, type=numarray.Bool)
output = numarray.zeros([3] * rank, numarray.Bool)
output = numarray.abs(numarray.indices([3] * rank) - 1)
output = numarray.add.reduce(output, 0)
return numarray.asarray(output <= connectivity, type=numarray.Bool)
def multispec(data, doxs=1):
"""Compute power and cross spectra.
power, cross = multispec(data[, doxs=1])
data is expected to be a numeric sequence, representing a binned light
curve.
If doxs is false or data is one-dimensional, the cross spectra will not
be calculated as described below, and only the power spectra will be
returned.
If data is one-dimensional, its periodogram will be calculated.
If data is two-dimensional, it will be interpreted as an array of
one-dimensional curves. The periodogram will be calculated for each,
and the cross spectra of all but the first relative to the first.
If data has more than two dimensions, it will be interpreted as an array
of two-dimensional sets, and each will be treated as described above."""
# Figure out what we've got.
data = num.asarray(data)
npoints = data.shape[-1]
if len(data.shape) < 2:
doxs = 0
# crunch
transform = None
if num.__name__ == 'numarray':
transform = FFT.real_fft(data)
else:
transform = FFT.fft(data)
conj = num.conjugate(transform)
# Get the periodogram.
power = transform * conj
power = num.array(power.real)
if doxs:
# Calculate the cross spectrum.
cross = transform[..., :1, :] * conj[..., 1:, :]
return power, cross
else:
return power
