def palabras_comun_idiomas_aux(self, idioma1, idioma2):
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
Y = pyDatalog.Variable()
Z = pyDatalog.Variable()
Result = pyDatalog.Variable()
Relation.wordInCommon(X,Y,idioma1,idioma2,Z)
return X,Z
def relacion_primer_primos(self, palabra1, palabra2):
W = pyDatalog.Variable()
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
Y = pyDatalog.Variable()
Z = pyDatalog.Variable()
(Relation.cousins(W,X,Y,Z,palabra1,palabra2))
return Y,Z
def aporte_idiomas_aux(self,idioma,idiomas,test=False):
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
Result = pyDatalog.Variable()
Porcentajes = pyDatalog.Variable()
lan_kb = []
inferences=[]
idiomas_lista=[]
percentages=[]
total = 0
pyDatalog.create_terms('lista_vacia')
pyDatalog.create_terms('lista_porcentaje')
for i in idiomas:
if(i!=idioma):
if(not test):
self.kb = []
self.lan = [i]
self.load_db_by_language()
(lista_vacia(Relation.proportionPerLan(X,idioma,i))==Result)
if(not Result.v()):
inferences += [Relation.proportionPerLan(X,idioma,i)]
idiomas_lista += [i]
total += len(Relation.proportionPerLan(X,idioma,i))
percentages += [len(Relation.proportionPerLan(X,idioma,i))]
(lista_porcentaje(percentages,total)==Porcentajes)
return inferences,idiomas_lista,Porcentajes
def relacion_primos_nivel(self, palabra1, palabra2):
W = pyDatalog.Variable()
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
Y = pyDatalog.Variable()
Z = pyDatalog.Variable()
w1 = len(self.primos_aux(palabra1))
w2 = len(self.primos_aux(palabra2))
grade = len(Relation.ances(X,Y,palabra1,palabra2))
level = max(w1,w2)-grade
resultado = Relation.counsingrade(W,X,Y,Z,palabra1,palabra2)
return (resultado, level)
def schedule(self,
from_date=None,
to_date=None,
no_status=False,
no_score=False):
if from_date is None and to_date is None:
from_date = today()
Date, Dow, Rank, Person, Name, Initial, WfhList = vars(7)
query = self.oncall_date(Date) & (
Dow == get_dow(Date)) & self.is_oncall_raw(Date, Person)
if from_date:
query &= (Date >= from_date)
if to_date:
query &= (Date <= to_date)
person = pdl.Term('person')
person(Person) <= self.person_filt(Rank, Person, Name, Initial,
WfhList)
vars_ = [Date, Dow, Person]
headers = ['DATE', 'DOW', 'ONCALL']
status_vars = {
pp: pdl.Variable('STATUS-' + pp)
for (pp, ) in person(Person).data
}
score_vars = {
pp: pdl.Variable('SCORE-' + pp)
for (pp, ) in person(Person).data
}
for (pp, ) in sorted(person(Person).data):
if not no_status:
query &= (status_vars[pp] == self.status[Date, pp])
vars_.append(status_vars[pp])
headers.append(status_vars[pp]._pyD_name)
if not no_score:
query &= (score_vars[pp] == self.score[Date, pp])
vars_.append(score_vars[pp])
headers.append(score_vars[pp]._pyD_name)
return Table(
query=query,
vars=vars_,
headers=headers,
)
def run_program():
N = pyDatalog.Variable()
F = pyDatalog.Variable()
file_in = open("sample_datalog_program.dl", 'r')
mc = file_in.read()
print mc
@pyDatalog.program()
def _(): # the function name is ignored
pyDatalog.load(mc)
#pyDatalog.load("""
#+ (factorial[1]==1)
#(factorial[N] == F) <= (N > 1) & (F == N*factorial[N-1])
#""")
print(pyDatalog.ask('factorial[4]==F'))
file_in.close()
pass
def define_rule(self, rule: Rule):
# noinspection PyUnusedLocal
variable_map = collections.defaultdict(lambda: pyDatalog.Variable())
exec_str = 'self._define_term(rule.name)(*[variable_map[x.name] for x in rule.parameters]) <= '
for rule_expr in remove_or_comparisons(rule.body):
exec(exec_str + self._build_query_str(rule_expr, "rule_expr"),
locals(), globals())
def primos_aux(self,palabra1):
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
Y = pyDatalog.Variable()
Relation.ancestor(X,Y,palabra1)
return Y
def relacion_ancestro(self, palabra1, palabra2):
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
Y = pyDatalog.Variable()
return Relation.ancestro(X,palabra1,palabra2)
def relacion_tio(self, palabra1, palabra2):
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
Y = pyDatalog.Variable()
Z = pyDatalog.Variable()
return Relation.uncle(X,Y,Z,palabra1,palabra2)
def relacion_parent(self, palabra1, palabra2):
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
(Relation.parent(X, palabra1, palabra2))
return X
def vars(count):
return [pdl.Variable('X{}'.format(next(var_id))) for _ in range(count)]
def idiomas_relacionados_palabra(self, palabra):
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
Result = pyDatalog.Variable()
Relation.lanByWord(X,palabra,Result)
Result = set(eval(str(Result)))
return X,Result
def mayor_aporte_a_idioma(self,idioma,test=False):
inferencias, idiomas, porcentajes = self.aporte_idiomas(idioma,test)
Result = pyDatalog.Variable()
pyDatalog.create_terms("max_index")
print(max_index(porcentajes)==Result)
return inferencias, idiomas[int(str(Result.v()))],porcentajes.data[0][int(str(Result.v()))]
def test():
# test of expressions
pyDatalog.load("""
+ p(a) # p is a proposition
""")
assert pyDatalog.ask('p(a)') == set([('a', )])
pyDatalog.assert_fact('p', 'a', 'b')
assert pyDatalog.ask('p(a, "b")') == set([('a', 'b')])
pyDatalog.retract_fact('p', 'a', 'b')
assert pyDatalog.ask('p(a, "b")') == None
"""unary facts """
@pyDatalog.program()
def unary():
+z()
assert ask(z()) == set([()])
+p(a)
# check that unary queries work
assert ask(p(a)) == set([('a', )])
assert ask(p(X)) == set([('a', )])
assert ask(p(Y)) == set([('a', )])
assert ask(p(_X)) == set([('a', )])
assert ask(p(b)) == None
assert ask(p(a) & p(b)) == None
+p(b)
assert ask(p(X), _fast=True) == set([('a', ), ('b', )])
+p(b) # facts are unique
assert ask(p(X)) == set([('a', ), ('b', )])
-p(b) # retract a unary fact
assert ask(p(X)) == set([('a', )])
-p(a)
assert ask(p(X)) == None
+p(a)
# strings and integers
+p('c')
assert ask(p(c)) == set([('c', )])
+p(1)
assert ask(p(1)) == set([(1, )])
+n(None)
assert ask(n(X)) == set([(None, )])
assert ask(n(None)) == set([(None, )])
# spaces and uppercase in strings
+farmer('Moshe dayan')
+farmer('omar')
assert ask(farmer(X)) == set([('Moshe dayan', ), ('omar', )])
# execute queries in a python program
moshe_is_a_farmer = pyDatalog.ask("farmer('Moshe dayan')")
assert moshe_is_a_farmer == set([('Moshe dayan', )])
""" binary facts """
@pyDatalog.program()
def binary():
+q(a, b)
assert ask(q(a, b)) == set([('a', 'b')])
assert ask(q(X, b)) == set([('a', 'b')])
assert ask(q(a, Y)) == set([('a', 'b')])
assert ask(q(a, c)) == None
assert ask(q(X, Y)) == set([('a', 'b')])
+q(a, c)
assert ask(q(a, Y)) == set([('a', 'b'), ('a', 'c')])
-q(a, c)
assert ask(q(a, Y)) == set([('a', 'b')])
assert ask(q(X, X)) == None
+q(a, a)
assert ask(q(X, X)) == set([('a', 'a')])
-q(a, a)
""" (in)equality """
@pyDatalog.program()
def equality():
assert ask(X == 1) == set([(1, )])
assert ask(X == Y) == None
assert ask(X == Y + 1) == None
assert ask((X == 1) & (Y == 1) & (X == Y)) == set([(1, 1)])
assert ask((X == 1) & (Y == 2) & (X == Y - 1)) == set([(1, 2)])
#assert ask((X==1) & (Y==2) & (X+2==Y+1)) == set([(1,2)])
assert ask((X == 2) & (Y == X / 2)) == set([(2, 1)])
assert ask((X == 2) & (Y == X // 2)) == set([(2, 1)])
assert ask((X == 1) & (Y == 1 + X)) == set([(1, 2)])
assert ask((X == 1) & (Y == 1 - X)) == set([(1, 0)])
assert ask((X == 1) & (Y == 2 * X)) == set([(1, 2)])
assert ask((X == 2) & (Y == 2 / X)) == set([(2, 1)])
assert ask((X == 2) & (Y == 2 // X)) == set([(2, 1)])
""" Conjunctive queries """
@pyDatalog.program()
def conjuctive():
assert ask(q(X, Y) & p(X)) == set([('a', 'b')])
assert ask(p(X) & p(a)) == set([('a', ), ('c', ), (1, )])
assert ask(p(X) & p(Y) & (X == Y)) == set([('a', 'a'), ('c', 'c'),
(1, 1)])
assert ask(p(X) & p(Y) & (X == Y) & (Y == a)) == set([('a', 'a')])
assert ask(q(X, Y)) == set([('a', 'b')])
assert ask(q(X, Y) & p(X)) == set([('a', 'b')])
@pyDatalog.program()
def equality2():
assert ask((X == 1) & (X < X + 1)) == set([(1, )])
assert ask((X == 1) & (Y == X)) == set([(1, 1)])
assert ask((X == 1) & (Y == X + 1)) == set([(1, 2)])
assert ask((X == 1) & (Y == X + 1) & (X < Y)) == set([(1, 2)])
assert ask((X == 1) & (X < 1)) == None
assert ask((X == 1) & (X <= 1)) == set([(1, )])
assert ask((X == 1) & (X > 1)) == None
assert ask((X == 1) & (X >= 1)) == set([(1, )])
# assert ask(X==(1,2)) == set([((1,2), (1,2))])
assert ask(X in (1, )) == set([(1, )])
assert ask((X == 1) & (X not in (2, ))) == set([(1, )])
assert ask((X == 1) & ~(X in (2, ))) == set([(1, )])
assert ask((X == 1) & (X not in (1, ))) == None
assert ask((X == 1) & ~(X in (1, ))) == None
@pyDatalog.program()
def equality3():
# equality (must be between parenthesis):
s(X) <= (X == a)
assert ask(s(X)) == set([('a', )])
s(X) <= (X == 1)
assert ask(s(X)) == set([(1, ), ('a', )])
s(X, Y) <= p(X) & (X == Y)
assert ask(s(a, a)) == set([('a', 'a')])
assert ask(s(a, b)) == None
assert ask(s(X, a)) == set([('a', 'a')])
assert ask(s(X, Y)) == set([('a', 'a'), ('c', 'c'), (1, 1)])
assert pyDatalog.ask('p(a)') == set([('a', )])
""" clauses """
@pyDatalog.program()
def clauses():
p2(X) <= p(X)
assert ask(p2(a)) == set([('a', )])
p2(X) <= p(X)
r(X, Y) <= p(X) & p(Y)
assert ask(r(a, a)) == set([('a', 'a')])
assert ask(r(a, c)) == set([('a', 'c')])
r(X, b) <= p(X)
assert ask(r(a, b)) == set([('a', 'b')])
-(r(X, b) <= p(X))
assert ask(r(a, b)) == None
# TODO more tests
# integer variable
for i in range(10):
+successor(i + 1, i)
assert ask(successor(2, 1)) == set([(2, 1)])
# built-in
assert abs(-3) == 3
assert math.sin(3) == math.sin(3)
""" in """
pyDatalog.assert_fact('is_list', (1, 2))
@pyDatalog.program()
def _in():
assert ((X == 1) & (X in (1, 2))) == [(1, )]
_in(X) <= (X in [1, 2])
assert ask(_in(1)) == set([(1, )])
assert ask(_in(9)) == None
assert ask(_in(X)) == set([(1, ), (2, )])
_in2(X) <= is_list(Y) & (X in Y)
assert ask(_in2(X)) == set([(1, ), (2, )])
assert ask((Y == (1, 2)) & (X == 1) & (X in Y)) == set([((1, 2), 1)])
assert ask((Y == (1, 2)) & (X == 1) & (X in Y + (3, ))) == set([
((1, 2), 1)
])
""" recursion """
@pyDatalog.program()
def recursion():
+even(0)
even(N) <= successor(N, N1) & odd(N1)
odd(N) <= ~even(N)
assert ask(even(0)) == set([(0, )])
assert ask(even(X)) == set([(4, ), (10, ), (6, ), (0, ), (2, ), (8, )])
assert ask(even(10)) == set([(10, )])
assert ask(odd(1)) == set([(1, )])
assert ask(odd(5)) == set([(5, )])
assert ask(even(5)) == None
""" recursion with expressions """
# reset the engine
pyDatalog.clear()
@pyDatalog.program()
def recursive_expression():
predecessor(X, Y) <= (X == Y - 1)
assert ask(predecessor(X, 11)) == set([(10, 11)])
p(X, Z) <= (Y == Z - 1) & (X == Y - 1)
assert ask(p(X, 11)) == set([(9, 11)])
# odd and even
+even(0)
even(N) <= (N > 0) & odd(N - 1)
assert ask(even(0)) == set([(0, )])
odd(N) <= (N > 0) & ~even(N)
assert ask(even(0)) == set([(0, )])
assert ask(odd(1)) == set([(1, )])
assert ask(odd(5)) == set([(5, )])
assert ask(even(5)) == None
assert ask((X == 3) & odd(X + 2)) == set([(3, )])
# Factorial
pyDatalog.clear()
@pyDatalog.program()
def factorial():
# (factorial[N] == F) <= (N < 1) & (F == -factorial[-N])
# + (factorial[1]==1)
# (factorial[N] == F) <= (N > 1) & (F == N*factorial[N-1])
# assert ask(factorial[1] == F) == set([(1, 1)])
# assert ask(factorial[4] == F) == set([(4, 24)])
# assert ask(factorial[-4] == F) == set([(-4, -24)])
pass
# Fibonacci
pyDatalog.clear()
@pyDatalog.program()
def fibonacci():
(fibonacci[N] == F) <= (N == 0) & (F == 0)
(fibonacci[N] == F) <= (N == 1) & (F == 1)
(fibonacci[N]
== F) <= (N > 1) & (F == fibonacci[N - 1] + fibonacci[N - 2])
assert ask(fibonacci[1] == F) == set([(1, 1)])
assert ask(fibonacci[4] == F) == set([(4, 3)])
assert ask(fibonacci[18] == F) == set([(18, 2584)])
# string manipulation
@pyDatalog.program()
def _lambda():
split(X, Y, Z) <= (X == Y + '-' + Z)
assert ask(split(X, 'a', 'b')) == set([('a-b', 'a', 'b')])
split(X, Y, Z) <= (Y == (lambda X: X.split('-')[0])) & (Z == (
lambda X: X.split('-')[1]))
assert ask(split('a-b', Y, Z)) == set([('a-b', 'a', 'b')])
assert ask(split(X, 'a', 'b')) == set([('a-b', 'a', 'b')])
(two[X] == Z) <= (Z == X + (lambda X: X))
assert ask(two['A'] == Y) == set([('A', 'AA')])
""" negation """
@pyDatalog.program()
def _negation():
+p(a, b)
assert ask(~p(X, b)) == None
assert ask(~p(X, c)) == set([('X', 'c')])
pyDatalog.load("""
+ even(0)
even(N) <= (N > 0) & (N1==N-1) & odd(N1)
odd(N) <= (N2==N+2) & ~ even(N) & (N2>0)
""")
assert pyDatalog.ask('~ odd(7)', _fast=True) == None
assert pyDatalog.ask('~ odd(2)', _fast=True) == set([(2, )])
assert pyDatalog.ask('odd(3)', _fast=True) == set([(3, )])
assert pyDatalog.ask('odd(3)') == set([(3, )])
assert pyDatalog.ask('odd(5)', _fast=True) == set([(5, )])
assert pyDatalog.ask('odd(5)') == set([(5, )])
assert pyDatalog.ask('even(5)', _fast=True) == None
assert pyDatalog.ask('even(5)') == None
""" functions """
pyDatalog.clear()
@pyDatalog.program()
def function():
+(f[a] == b)
assert ask(f[X] == Y) == set([('a', 'b')])
assert ask(f[X] == b) == set([('a', 'b')
]) #TODO remove 'b' from result
assert ask(f[a] == X) == set([('a', 'b')])
assert ask(f[a] == b) == set([('a', 'b')])
+(f[a] == c)
assert ask(f[a] == X) == set([('a', 'c')])
+(f[a] == a)
assert ask(f[f[a]] == X) == set([('a', )])
assert ask(f[X] == f[a]) == set([('a', )])
assert ask(f[X] == f[a] + '') == set([('a', )])
-(f[a] == a)
assert ask(f[f[a]] == X) == None
+(f[a] == None)
assert (ask(f[a] == X)) == set([('a', None)])
+(f[a] == (1, 2))
assert (ask(f[a] == X)) == set([('a', (1, 2))])
assert (ask(f[X] == (1, 2))) == set([('a', (1, 2))])
+(f[a] == c)
+(f2[a, x] == b)
assert ask(f2[a, x] == b) == set([('a', 'x', 'b')])
+(f2[a, x] == c)
assert ask(f2[a, x] == X) == set([('a', 'x', 'c')])
g[X] = f[X] + f[X]
assert (ask(g[a] == X)) == set([('a', 'cc')])
h(X, Y) <= (f[X] == Y)
assert (ask(h(X, 'c'))) == set([('a', 'c')])
assert (ask(h(X, Y))) == set([('a', 'c')])
@pyDatalog.program()
def function_comparison():
assert ask(f[X] == Y) == set([('a', 'c')])
assert ask(f[a] < 'd') == set([('c', )])
assert ask(f[a] > 'a') == set([('c', )])
assert ask(f[a] >= 'c') == set([('c', )])
assert ask(f[a] > 'c') == None
assert ask(f[a] <= 'c') == set([('c', )])
assert ask(f[a] > 'c') == None
assert ask(f[a] in [
'c',
]) == set([('c', )])
assert ask((f[X] == 'c') & (f[Y] == f[X])) == set([('a', 'a')])
assert ask((f[X] == 'c') & (f[Y] == f[X] + '')) == set([('a', 'a')])
assert ask((f[X] == 'c') & (f[Y] == (lambda X: 'c'))) == set([('a',
'a')])
assert ask(f[X] == Y + '') == None
assert ask((Y == 'c') & (f[X] == Y + '')) == set([('c', 'a')])
assert ask((Y == 'c') & (f[X] <= Y + '')) == set([('c', 'a')])
assert ask((Y == 'c') & (f[X] < Y + '')) == None
assert ask((Y == 'c') & (f[X] < 'd' + Y + '')) == set([('c', 'a')])
assert ask((Y == ('a', 'c')) & (f[X] in Y)) == set([(('a', 'c'), 'a')])
assert ask((Y == ('a', 'c')) & (f[X] in (Y + ('z', )))) == set([
(('a', 'c'), 'a')
])
assert ask(f[X] == f[X] + '') == set([('a', )])
@pyDatalog.program()
def function_negation():
assert not (ask(~(f[a] < 'd')))
assert not (ask(~(f[X] < 'd')))
assert ask(~(f[a] in ('d', )))
""" aggregates """
pyDatalog.clear()
@pyDatalog.program()
def sum():
+p(a, c, 1)
+p(b, b, 4)
+p(a, b, 1)
assert (sum(1, 2)) == 3
(a_sum[X] == sum(Y, key=Z)) <= p(X, Z, Y)
assert ask(a_sum[X] == Y) == set([('a', 2), ('b', 4)])
assert ask(a_sum[a] == X) == set([('a', 2)])
assert ask(a_sum[a] == 2) == set([('a', 2)])
assert ask(a_sum[X] == 4) == set([('b', 4)])
assert ask(a_sum[c] == X) == None
assert ask((a_sum[X] == 2) & (p(X, Z, Y))) == set([('a', 'c', 1),
('a', 'b', 1)])
(a_sum2[X] == sum(Y, for_each=X)) <= p(X, Z, Y)
assert ask(a_sum2[a] == X) == set([('a', 1)])
(a_sum3[X] == sum(Y, key=(X, Z))) <= p(X, Z, Y)
assert ask(a_sum3[X] == Y) == set([('a', 2), ('b', 4)])
assert ask(a_sum3[a] == X) == set([('a', 2)])
@pyDatalog.program()
def len():
assert (len((1, 2))) == 2
(a_len[X] == len(Z)) <= p(X, Z, Y)
assert ask(a_len[X] == Y) == set([('a', 2), ('b', 1)])
assert ask(a_len[a] == X) == set([('a', 2)])
assert ask(a_len[X] == 1) == set([('b', 1)])
assert ask(a_len[X] == 5) == None
(a_lenY[X] == len(Y)) <= p(X, Z, Y)
assert ask(a_lenY[a] == X) == set([('a', 1)])
assert ask(a_lenY[c] == X) == None
(a_len2[X, Y] == len(Z)) <= p(X, Y, Z)
assert ask(a_len2[a, b] == X) == set([('a', 'b', 1)])
assert ask(a_len2[a, X] == Y) == set([('a', 'b', 1), ('a', 'c', 1)])
+q(a, c, 1)
+q(a, b, 2)
+q(b, b, 4)
@pyDatalog.program()
def concat():
(a_concat[X] == concat(Y, key=Z, sep='+')) <= q(X, Y, Z)
assert ask(a_concat[X] == Y) == set([('b', 'b'), ('a', 'c+b')])
assert ask(a_concat[a] == 'c+b') == set([('a', 'c+b')])
assert ask(a_concat[a] == X) == set([('a', 'c+b')])
assert ask(a_concat[X] == b) == set([('b', 'b')])
(a_concat2[X] == concat(Y, order_by=(Z, ), sep='+')) <= q(X, Y, Z)
assert ask(a_concat2[a] == X) == set([('a', 'c+b')])
(a_concat3[X] == concat(Y, key=(-Z, ), sep='-')) <= q(X, Y, Z)
assert ask(a_concat3[a] == X) == set([('a', 'b-c')])
@pyDatalog.program()
def min():
assert min(1, 2) == 1
(a_min[X] == min(Y, key=Z)) <= q(X, Y, Z)
assert ask(a_min[X] == Y) == set([('b', 'b'), ('a', 'c')])
assert ask(a_min[a] == 'c') == set([('a', 'c')])
assert ask(a_min[a] == X) == set([('a', 'c')])
assert ask(a_min[X] == 'b') == set([('b', 'b')])
(a_minD[X] == min(Y, order_by=-Z)) <= q(X, Y, Z)
assert ask(a_minD[a] == X) == set([('a', 'b')])
(a_min2[X, Y] == min(Z, key=(X, Y))) <= q(X, Y, Z)
assert ask(a_min2[Y, b] == X) == set([('a', 'b', 2), ('b', 'b', 4)])
assert ask(a_min2[Y, Y] == X) == set([('b', 'b', 4)]), "a_min2"
(a_min3[Y] == min(Z, key=(-X, Z))) <= q(X, Y, Z)
assert ask(a_min3[b] == Y) == set([('b', 4)]), "a_min3"
@pyDatalog.program()
def max():
assert max(1, 2) == 2
(a_max[X] == max(Y, key=-Z)) <= q(X, Y, Z)
assert ask(a_max[a] == X) == set([('a', 'c')])
(a_maxD[X] == max(Y, order_by=Z)) <= q(X, Y, Z)
assert ask(a_maxD[a] == X) == set([('a', 'b')])
@pyDatalog.program()
def rank():
(a_rank1[Z] == rank(for_each=Z, order_by=Z)) <= q(X, Y, Z)
assert ask(a_rank1[X] == Y) == set([(1, 0), (2, 0), (4, 0)])
assert ask(a_rank1[X] == 0) == set([(1, 0), (2, 0), (4, 0)])
assert ask(a_rank1[1] == X) == set([(1, 0)])
assert ask(a_rank1[1] == 0) == set([(1, 0)])
assert ask(a_rank1[1] == 1) == None
# rank
(a_rank[X, Y] == rank(for_each=(X, Y2),
order_by=Z2)) <= q(X, Y, Z) & q(X, Y2, Z2)
assert ask(a_rank[X, Y] == Z) == set([('a', 'b', 1), ('a', 'c', 0),
('b', 'b', 0)])
assert ask(a_rank[a, b] == 1) == set([('a', 'b', 1)])
assert ask(a_rank[a, b] == Y) == set([('a', 'b', 1)])
assert ask(a_rank[a, X] == 0) == set([('a', 'c', 0)])
assert ask(a_rank[a, X] == Y) == set([('a', 'b', 1), ('a', 'c', 0)])
assert ask(a_rank[X, Y] == 1) == set([('a', 'b', 1)])
assert ask(a_rank[a, y] == Y) == None
# reversed
(b_rank[X, Y] == rank(for_each=(X, Y2),
order_by=-Z2)) <= q(X, Y, Z) & q(X, Y2, Z2)
assert ask(b_rank[X, Y] == Z) == set([('a', 'b', 0), ('a', 'c', 1),
('b', 'b', 0)])
assert ask(b_rank[a, b] == 0) == set([('a', 'b', 0)])
assert ask(b_rank[a, b] == Y) == set([('a', 'b', 0)])
assert ask(b_rank[a, X] == 1) == set([('a', 'c', 1)])
assert ask(b_rank[a, X] == Y) == set([('a', 'b', 0), ('a', 'c', 1)])
assert ask(b_rank[X, Y] == 0) == set([('a', 'b', 0), ('b', 'b', 0)])
assert ask(b_rank[a, y] == Y) == None
@pyDatalog.program()
def running_sum():
# running_sum
(a_run_sum[X, Y] == running_sum(
Z2, for_each=(X, Y2), order_by=Z2)) <= q(X, Y, Z) & q(X, Y2, Z2)
assert ask(a_run_sum[X, Y] == Z) == set([('a', 'b', 3), ('a', 'c', 1),
('b', 'b', 4)])
assert ask(a_run_sum[a, b] == 3) == set([('a', 'b', 3)])
assert ask(a_run_sum[a, b] == Y) == set([('a', 'b', 3)])
assert ask(a_run_sum[a, X] == 1) == set([('a', 'c', 1)])
assert ask(a_run_sum[a, X] == Y) == set([('a', 'b', 3), ('a', 'c', 1)])
assert ask(a_run_sum[X, Y] == 4) == set([('b', 'b', 4)])
assert ask(a_run_sum[a, y] == Y) == None
(b_run_sum[X, Y] == running_sum(
Z2, for_each=(X, Y2), order_by=-Z2)) <= q(X, Y, Z) & q(X, Y2, Z2)
assert ask(b_run_sum[X, Y] == Z) == set([('a', 'b', 2), ('a', 'c', 3),
('b', 'b', 4)])
assert ask(b_run_sum[a, b] == 2) == set([('a', 'b', 2)])
assert ask(b_run_sum[a, b] == Y) == set([('a', 'b', 2)])
assert ask(b_run_sum[a, X] == 3) == set([('a', 'c', 3)])
assert ask(b_run_sum[a, X] == Y) == set([('a', 'b', 2), ('a', 'c', 3)])
assert ask(b_run_sum[X, Y] == 4) == set([('b', 'b', 4)])
assert ask(b_run_sum[a, y] == Y) == None
""" simple in-line queries """
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
assert ((X == 1) >= X) == 1
assert ((X == 1) & (X != 2) >= X) == 1
assert set(X._in((1, 2))) == set([(1, ), (2, )])
assert ((X == 1) & (X._in((1, 2)))) == [(1, )]
""" interface with python classes """
class A(pyDatalog.Mixin):
def __init__(self, b):
super(A, self).__init__()
self.b = b
def __repr__(self):
return self.b
@pyDatalog.program(
) # indicates that the following method contains pyDatalog clauses
def _():
(A.c[X] == N) <= (A.b[X] == N)
(A.len[X] == len(N)) <= (A.b[X] == N)
@classmethod
def _pyD_x1(cls, X):
if X.is_const() and X.id.b == 'za':
yield (X.id, )
else:
for X in pyDatalog.metaMixin.__refs__[cls]:
if X.b == 'za':
yield (X, )
a = A('a')
b = A('b')
assert a.c == 'a'
X, Y = pyDatalog.variables(2)
assert (A.c[X] == 'a') == [(a, )]
assert (A.c[X] == 'a')[0] == (a, )
assert list(X.data) == [a]
assert X.v() == a
assert ((A.c[a] == X) >= X) == 'a'
assert ((A.c[a] == X) & (A.c[a] == X) >= X) == 'a'
assert ((A.c[a] == X) & (A.c[b] == X) >= X) == None
(A.c[X] == 'b') & (A.b[X] == 'a')
assert list(X.data) == []
(A.c[X] == 'a') & (A.b[X] == 'a')
assert list(X.data) == [a]
result = (A.c[X] == 'a') & (A.b[X] == 'a')
assert result == [(a, )]
assert (A.c[a] == 'a') == [()]
assert (A.b[a] == 'a') == [()]
assert (A.c[a] == 'a') & (A.b[a] == 'a') == [()]
assert (A.b[a] == 'f') == []
assert ((A.c[a] == 'a') & (A.b[a] == 'f')) == []
""" filters on python classes """
assert (A.b[X] != Y) == [(a, None), (b, None)]
assert (A.b[X] != 'a') == [(b, )]
assert (A.b[X] != 'z') == [(a, ), (b, )]
assert (A.b[a] != 'a') == []
assert list(A.b[b] != 'a') == [()]
assert ((A.b[b] != 'a') & (A.b[b] != 'z')) == [()]
assert (A.b[X] < Y) == [(a, None), (b, None)]
assert (A.b[X] < 'a') == []
assert (A.b[X] < 'z') == [(a, ), (b, )]
assert (A.b[a] < 'b') == [()]
assert (A.b[b] < 'a') == []
assert ((A.b[b] < 'z') & (A.b[b] != 'z')) == [()]
assert (A.b[X] <= 'a') == [(a, )]
assert (A.b[X] <= 'z') == [(a, ), (b, )]
assert (A.b[a] <= 'b') == [()]
assert (A.b[b] <= 'a') == []
assert ((A.b[b] <= 'z') & (A.b[b] != 'z')) == [()]
assert (A.b[X] > 'a') == [(b, )]
assert (A.b[X] >= 'a') == [(a, ), (b, )]
assert (A.c[X] <= 'a') == [(a, )]
assert (A.c[X] <= 'a' + '') == [(a, )]
assert (A.c[X]._in(('a', ))) == [(a, )]
assert (A.c[X]._in(('a', ) + ('z', ))) == [(a, )]
assert ((Y == ('a', )) & (A.c[X]._in(Y))) == [(('a', ), a)
] # TODO make ' in ' work
assert ((Y == ('a', )) & (A.c[X]._in(Y + ('z', )))) == [
(('a', ), a)
] # TODO make ' in ' work
assert (A.c[X]._in(('z', ))) == []
# more complex queries
assert ((Y == 'a') & (A.b[X] != Y)) == [
('a', b)
] # order of appearance of the variables !
assert (A.len[X] == Y) == [(b, 1), (a, 1)]
assert (A.len[a] == Y) == [(1, )]
""" subclass """
class Z(A):
def __init__(self, z):
super(Z, self).__init__(z + 'a')
self.z = z
def __repr__(self):
return self.z
@pyDatalog.program(
) # indicates that the following method contains pyDatalog clauses
def _():
(Z.w[X] == N) <= (Z.z[X] != N)
@classmethod
def _pyD_query(cls, pred_name, args):
if pred_name == 'Z.pred':
if args[0].is_const() and args[0].id.b != 'za':
yield (args[0].id, )
else:
for X in pyDatalog.metaMixin.__refs__[cls]:
if X.b != 'za':
yield (X, )
else:
raise AttributeError
z = Z('z')
assert z.z == 'z'
assert (Z.z[X] == 'z') == [(z, )]
assert ((Z.z[X] == 'z') & (Z.z[X] > 'a')) == [(z, )]
assert list(X.data) == [z]
try:
a.z == 'z'
except Exception as e:
e_message = e.message if hasattr(e, 'message') else e.args[0]
if e_message != "Predicate without definition (or error in resolver): A.z[1]==/2":
print(e_message)
else:
assert False
try:
(Z.z[a] == 'z') == None
except Exception as e:
e_message = e.message if hasattr(e, 'message') else e.args[0]
if e_message != "Object is incompatible with the class that is queried.":
print(e_message)
else:
assert False
assert (Z.b[X] == Y) == [(z, 'za')]
assert (Z.c[X] == Y) == [(z, 'za')]
assert ((Z.c[X] == Y) & (Z.c[X] > 'a')) == [(z, 'za')]
assert (Z.c[X] > 'a') == [(z, )]
assert ((Z.c[X] > 'a') & (A.c[X] == 'za')) == [(z, )]
assert (A.c[X] == 'za') == [(z, )]
assert (A.c[z] == 'za') == [()]
assert (z.b) == 'za'
assert (z.c) == 'za'
w = Z('w')
w = Z('w') # duplicated to test __refs__[cls]
assert (Z.x(X)) == [(z, )]
assert not (~Z.x(z))
assert ~Z.x(w)
assert ~(Z.z[w] == 'z')
assert (Z.pred(X)) == [(w, )] # not duplicated !
assert (Z.pred(X) & ~(Z.z[X] >= 'z')) == [(w, )]
assert (Z.x(X) & ~(Z.pred(X))) == [(z, )]
assert (Z.len[X] == Y) == [(w, 1), (z, 1)]
assert (Z.len[z] == Y) == [(1, )]
# TODO print (A.b[w]==Y)
""" python resolvers """
@pyDatalog.predicate()
def p(X, Y):
yield (1, 2)
yield (2, 3)
assert pyDatalog.ask('p(X,Y)') == set([(1, 2), (2, 3)])
assert pyDatalog.ask('p(1,Y)') == set([(1, 2)])
assert pyDatalog.ask('p(1,2)') == set([(1, 2)])
""" error detection """
@pyDatalog.program()
def _():
pass
error = False
try:
_()
except:
error = True
assert error
def assert_error(code, message='^$'):
_error = False
try:
pyDatalog.load(code)
except Exception as e:
e_message = e.message if hasattr(
e, 'message') else e.args[0] # python 2 and 3
if not re.match(message, e_message):
print(e_message)
_error = True
assert _error
def assert_ask(code, message='^$'):
_error = False
try:
pyDatalog.ask(code)
except Exception as e:
e_message = e.message if hasattr(e, 'message') else e.args[0]
if not re.match(message, e_message):
print(e_message)
_error = True
assert _error
assert_error('ask(z(a),True)', 'Too many arguments for ask \!')
assert_error('ask(z(a))',
'Predicate without definition \(or error in resolver\): z/1')
assert_error(
"+ farmer(farmer(moshe))",
"Syntax error: Literals cannot have a literal as argument : farmer\[\]"
)
assert_error(
"+ manager[Mary]==John",
"Left-hand side of equality must be a symbol or function, not an expression."
)
assert_error(
"manager[X]==Y <= (X==Y)",
"Syntax error: please verify parenthesis around \(in\)equalities")
assert_error("p(X) <= (Y==2)", "Can't create clause")
assert_error(
"p(X) <= X==1 & X==2",
"Syntax error: please verify parenthesis around \(in\)equalities")
assert_error("p(X) <= (manager[X]== min(X))",
"Error: argument missing in aggregate")
assert_error("p(X) <= (manager[X]== max(X, order_by=X))",
"Aggregation cannot appear in the body of a clause")
assert_error("q(min(X, order_by=X)) <= p(X)",
"Syntax error: Incorrect use of aggregation\.")
assert_error(
"manager[X]== min(X, order_by=X) <= manager(X)",
"Syntax error: please verify parenthesis around \(in\)equalities")
assert_error(
"(manager[X]== min(X, order_by=X+2)) <= manager(X)",
"order_by argument of aggregate must be variable\(s\), not expression\(s\)."
)
assert_error("ask(X<1)",
'Error: left hand side of comparison must be bound: =X<1/1')
assert_error("ask(X<Y)",
'Error: left hand side of comparison must be bound: =X<Y/2')
assert_error("ask(1<Y)",
'Error: left hand side of comparison must be bound: =Y>1/1')
assert_error(
"ask( (A.c[X]==Y) & (Z.c[X]==Y))",
"TypeError: First argument of Z.c\[1\]==\('.','.'\) must be a Z, not a A "
)
assert_ask(
"A.u[X]==Y",
"Predicate without definition \(or error in resolver\): A.u\[1\]==/2")
assert_ask(
"A.u[X,Y]==Z",
"Predicate without definition \(or error in resolver\): A.u\[2\]==/3")
assert_error('(a_sum[X] == sum(Y, key=Y)) <= p(X, Z, Y)',
"Error: Duplicate definition of aggregate function.")
assert_error(
'(two(X)==Z) <= (Z==X+(lambda X: X))',
'Syntax error near equality: consider using brackets. two\(X\)')
assert_error('p(X) <= sum(X, key=X)', 'Invalid body for clause')
assert_error(
'ask(- manager[X]==1)',
"Left-hand side of equality must be a symbol or function, not an expression."
)
assert_error("p(X) <= (X=={})", "unhashable type: 'dict'")
""" SQL Alchemy """
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, ForeignKey
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, relationship
engine = create_engine('sqlite:///:memory:',
echo=False) # create database in memory
Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = Session()
Base = declarative_base(cls=pyDatalog.Mixin,
metaclass=pyDatalog.sqlMetaMixin)
Base.session = session
class Employee(Base): # --> Employee inherits from the Base class
__tablename__ = 'employee'
name = Column(String, primary_key=True)
manager_name = Column(String, ForeignKey('employee.name'))
salary = Column(Integer)
def __init__(self, name, manager_name, salary):
super(Employee, self).__init__()
self.name = name
self.manager_name = manager_name # direct manager of the employee, or None
self.salary = salary # monthly salary of the employee
def __repr__(self): # specifies how to display the employee
return "Employee: %s" % self.name
@pyDatalog.program(
) # --> the following function contains pyDatalog clauses
def Employee():
(Employee.manager[X]
== Y) <= (Employee.manager_name[X] == Z) & (Z == Employee.name[Y])
# the salary class of employee X is computed as a function of his/her salary
# this statement is a logic equality, not an assignment !
Employee.salary_class[X] = Employee.salary[X] // 1000
# all the indirect managers of employee X are derived from his manager, recursively
Employee.indirect_manager(
X, Y) <= (Employee.manager[X] == Y) & (Y != None)
Employee.indirect_manager(
X, Y) <= (Employee.manager[X]
== Z) & Employee.indirect_manager(Z, Y) & (Y != None)
# count the number of reports of X
(Employee.report_count[X] == len(Y)) <= Employee.indirect_manager(
Y, X)
Employee.p(X, Y) <= (Y <= Employee.salary[X] + 1)
Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
John = Employee('John', None, 6800)
Mary = Employee('Mary', 'John', 6300)
Sam = Employee('Sam', 'Mary', 5900)
session.add(John)
session.add(Mary)
session.add(Sam)
session.commit()
assert (John.salary_class == 6)
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
result = (Employee.salary[X] == 6300
) # notice the similarity to a pyDatalog query
assert result == [
(Mary, ),
]
assert (X._value() == [
Mary,
]) # prints [Employee: Mary]
assert (X.v() == Mary) # prints Employee:Mary
result = (Employee.indirect_manager(Mary, X))
assert result == [
(John, ),
]
assert (X.v() == John) # prints [Employee: John]
Mary.salary_class = ((Employee.salary_class[Mary] == X) >= X)
Mary.salary = 10000
assert Mary.salary_class != ((Employee.salary_class[Mary] == X) >= X)
X, Y, N = pyDatalog.variables(3)
result = (Employee.salary[X] == 6800) & (Employee.name[X] == N)
assert result == [
(John, 'John'),
]
assert N.v() == 'John'
result = (Employee.salary[X] == Employee.salary[X])
assert result == [(John, ), (Mary, ), (Sam, )]
result = (Employee.p(X, 1))
assert result == [(John, ), (Mary, ), (Sam, )]
result = (Employee.salary[X] < Employee.salary[X] + 1)
assert result == [(John, ), (Mary, ), (Sam, )]
result = (Employee.salary[John] == N) & Employee.p(John, N)
assert result == [(6800, )]
result = (Employee.salary[X] == 6800) & (Employee.salary[X]
== N) & Employee.p(X, N)
assert result == [(John, 6800)]
"""
def relacion_palabra_idioma(self, palabra, idioma):
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
Relation.hasLanAndWord[X,idioma, palabra]
return X
def palabras_originadas(self,palabra,idioma):
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
Result = pyDatalog.Variable()
Relation.originatedWords(X,palabra,idioma,Result)
return X,Result
def relacion_hermandad(self, palabra1, palabra2):
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
Y = pyDatalog.Variable()
Relation.siblings(X,Y,palabra1, palabra2)
return X,Y
# get all ingredients of an recipe
pyDatalog.create_terms('hasIngredient, recipeIngredients')
hasIngredient(X, Y, Z) <= (containIngredient.RezeptId[A] == X) & (containIngredient.LebensmittelId[A] == Y) & (containIngredient.Menge[A] == Z)
Recipe.recipeIngredients(X, Y) <= (containRecipe.RezeptId[A] == X) & (containRecipe.KomponentenRezeptId[A] == Z) & (Recipe.hasIngredient(Z, Y))
# get weight of recipe
pyDatalog.create_terms('weight')
#weight(X) <=
# get Calories of Recipes
pyDatalog.create_terms('calorie')
#calorie(X) <=
Y = pyDatalog.Variable()
Ingredient.Fleisch[Y] == 0
print(Y)
X = pyDatalog.Variable()
Recipe.Name[X] == "Pizzateig"
print(X)
result = pyDatalog.ask('hasIngredient(X, Y, Z)')
print(result)
def make_vars(*names):
return [pdl.Variable(_) for _ in names]
