def test_pow2(self):
if not numpy_available:
raise unittest.SkipTest('Numpy is not available')
x_bounds = [(-2.5, 2.8), (-2.5, -0.5), (0.5, 2.8), (-2.5, 0), (0, 2.8),
(-2.5, -1), (1, 2.8), (-1, -0.5), (0.5, 1)]
c_bounds = [(-2.5, 2.8), (0.5, 2.8), (0, 2.8), (1, 2.8), (0.5, 1)]
for xl, xu in x_bounds:
for cl, cu in c_bounds:
m = pyo.Block(concrete=True)
m.x = pyo.Var(bounds=(xl, xu))
m.y = pyo.Var()
m.c = pyo.Constraint(
expr=pyo.inequality(body=m.y**m.x, lower=cl, upper=cu))
self.tightener(m)
x = np.linspace(pyo.value(m.x.lb) + 1e-6,
pyo.value(m.x.ub),
100,
endpoint=False)
z = np.linspace(pyo.value(m.c.lower) + 1e-6,
pyo.value(m.c.upper),
100,
endpoint=False)
if m.y.lb is None:
yl = -np.inf
else:
yl = m.y.lb
if m.y.ub is None:
yu = np.inf
else:
yu = m.y.ub
y = np.exp(np.split(np.log(np.abs(z)), len(z)) / x)
self.assertTrue(np.all(yl <= y))
self.assertTrue(np.all(yu >= y))
def __init__(self, center, shape_matrix, scale=1):
"""
EllipsoidalSet constructor
Args:
center: Vector (``list``) of uncertain parameter values around which deviations are restrained.
shape_matrix: Positive semi-definite matrix, effectively a covariance matrix for
constraint and bounds determination.
scale: Right-hand side value for the ellipsoid.
"""
# === Valid data in lists/matrixes
if not all(isinstance(elem, (int, float)) for row in shape_matrix for elem in row):
raise AttributeError("Matrix shape_matrix must be real-valued and numeric.")
if not all(isinstance(elem, (int, float)) for elem in center):
raise AttributeError("Vector center must be real-valued and numeric.")
if not isinstance(scale, (int, float)):
raise AttributeError("Ellipse scale must be a real-valued numeric.")
# === Valid matrix dimensions
num_cols = len(shape_matrix[0])
if not all(len(row) == num_cols for row in shape_matrix):
raise AttributeError("Shape matrix must have valid matrix dimensions.")
# === Ensure shape_matrix is a square matrix
array_shape_mat = np.asarray(shape_matrix)
if array_shape_mat.shape[0] != array_shape_mat.shape[1]:
raise AttributeError("Shape matrix must be square.")
# === Ensure dimensions of shape_matrix are same as dimensions of uncertain_params
if array_shape_mat.shape[1] != len(center):
raise AttributeError("Shape matrix must be "
"same dimensions as vector of uncertain parameters.")
# === Symmetric shape_matrix
if not np.all(np.abs(array_shape_mat-array_shape_mat.T) < 1e-8):
raise AttributeError("Shape matrix must be symmetric.")
# === Ensure scale is non-negative
if scale < 0:
raise AttributeError("Scale of ellipse (rhs) must be non-negative.")
# === Check if shape matrix is invertible
try:
np.linalg.inv(shape_matrix)
except np.linalg.LinAlgError as err:
raise("Error with shape matrix supplied to EllipsoidalSet object being singular. %s" % err)
# === Check is shape matrix is positive semidefinite
if not all(np.linalg.eigvals(shape_matrix) >= 0):
raise("Non positive-semidefinite shape matrix.")
# === Ensure matrix is not degenerate, for determining inferred bounds
try:
for i in range(len(shape_matrix)):
np.power(shape_matrix[i][i], 0.5)
except:
raise AttributeError("Shape matrix must be non-degenerate.")
self.center = center
self.shape_matrix = shape_matrix
self.scale = scale
self.type = "ellipsoidal"
def _set_axis_limits(g, axis_limits, theta_vals, theta_star):
if theta_star is not None:
theta_vals = theta_vals.append(theta_star, ignore_index=True)
if axis_limits is None:
axis_limits = {}
for col in theta_vals.columns:
theta_range = np.abs(theta_vals[col].max() - theta_vals[col].min())
if theta_range < 1e-10:
theta_range = theta_vals[col].max()/10
axis_limits[col] = [theta_vals[col].min() - theta_range/4,
theta_vals[col].max() + theta_range/4]
for ax in g.fig.get_axes():
xvar, yvar, (xloc, yloc) = _get_variables(ax,theta_vals.columns)
if xloc != yloc: # not on diagonal
ax.set_ylim(axis_limits[yvar])
ax.set_xlim(axis_limits[xvar])
else: # on diagonal
ax.set_xlim(axis_limits[xvar])
def solve_tear_direct(self, G, order, function, tears, outEdges, iterLim,
tol, tol_type, report_diffs):
"""
Use direct substitution to solve tears. If multiple tears are
given they are solved simultaneously.
Arguments
---------
order
List of lists of order in which to calculate nodes
tears
List of tear edge indexes
iterLim
Limit on the number of iterations to run
tol
Tolerance at which iteration can be stopped
Returns
-------
list
List of lists of diff history, differences between input and
output values at each iteration
"""
hist = [] # diff at each iteration in every variable
if not len(tears):
# no need to iterate just run the calculations
self.run_order(G, order, function, tears)
return hist
logger.info("Starting Direct tear convergence")
ignore = tears + outEdges
itercount = 0
while True:
svals, dvals = self.tear_diff_direct(G, tears)
err = self.compute_err(svals, dvals, tol_type)
hist.append(err)
if report_diffs:
print("Diff matrix:\n%s" % err)
if numpy.max(numpy.abs(err)) < tol:
break
if itercount >= iterLim:
logger.warning("Direct failed to converge in %s iterations" %
iterLim)
return hist
self.pass_tear_direct(G, tears)
itercount += 1
logger.info("Running Direct iteration %s" % itercount)
self.run_order(G, order, function, ignore)
self.pass_edges(G, outEdges)
logger.info("Direct converged in %s iterations" % itercount)
return hist
def solve_tear_wegstein(self, G, order, function, tears, outEdges, iterLim,
tol, tol_type, report_diffs, accel_min, accel_max):
"""
Use Wegstein to solve tears. If multiple tears are given
they are solved simultaneously.
Arguments
---------
order
List of lists of order in which to calculate nodes
tears
List of tear edge indexes
iterLim
Limit on the number of iterations to run
tol
Tolerance at which iteration can be stopped
accel_min
Minimum value for Wegstein acceleration factor
accel_max
Maximum value for Wegstein acceleration factor
tol_type
Type of tolerance value, either "abs" (absolute) or
"rel" (relative to current value)
Returns
-------
list
List of lists of diff history, differences between input and
output values at each iteration
"""
hist = [] # diff at each iteration in every variable
if not len(tears):
# no need to iterate just run the calculations
self.run_order(G, order, function, tears)
return hist
logger.info("Starting Wegstein tear convergence")
itercount = 0
ignore = tears + outEdges
gofx = self.generate_gofx(G, tears)
x = self.generate_first_x(G, tears)
err = self.compute_err(gofx, x, tol_type)
hist.append(err)
if report_diffs:
print("Diff matrix:\n%s" % err)
# check if it's already solved
if numpy.max(numpy.abs(err)) < tol:
logger.info("Wegstein converged in %s iterations" % itercount)
return hist
# if not solved yet do one direct step
x_prev = x
gofx_prev = gofx
x = gofx
self.pass_tear_wegstein(G, tears, gofx)
while True:
itercount += 1
logger.info("Running Wegstein iteration %s" % itercount)
self.run_order(G, order, function, ignore)
gofx = self.generate_gofx(G, tears)
err = self.compute_err(gofx, x, tol_type)
hist.append(err)
if report_diffs:
print("Diff matrix:\n%s" % err)
if numpy.max(numpy.abs(err)) < tol:
break
if itercount > iterLim:
logger.warning("Wegstein failed to converge in %s iterations" %
iterLim)
return hist
denom = x - x_prev
# this will divide by 0 at some points but we handle that below,
# so ignore division warnings
old_settings = numpy.seterr(divide='ignore', invalid='ignore')
slope = numpy.divide((gofx - gofx_prev), denom)
numpy.seterr(**old_settings)
# if isnan or isinf then x and x_prev were the same,
# so just do direct sub for those elements
slope[numpy.isnan(slope)] = 0
slope[numpy.isinf(slope)] = 0
accel = slope / (slope - 1)
accel[accel < accel_min] = accel_min
accel[accel > accel_max] = accel_max
x_prev = x
gofx_prev = gofx
x = accel * x_prev + (1 - accel) * gofx_prev
self.pass_tear_wegstein(G, tears, x)
self.pass_edges(G, outEdges)
logger.info("Wegstein converged in %s iterations" % itercount)
return hist