class SolverSettings(NumericalModel):
tFinal = F.Quantity('Bio_Time',
default=(0.0, 'day'),
minValue=(0, 'day'),
maxValue=(1000, 'day'),
label='simulation time')
tPrint = F.Quantity('Bio_Time',
default=(0.0, 'day'),
minValue=(1e-5, 'day'),
maxValue=(100, 'day'),
label='print interval')
absTol = F.Quantity('Bio_Time',
default=(0.0, 'day'),
minValue=(1e-16, 'day'),
maxValue=(1e-5, 'day'),
label='absolute tolerance')
relTol = F.Quantity('Bio_Time',
default=(0.0, 'day'),
minValue=(1e-16, 'day'),
maxValue=(1e-3, 'day'),
label='relative tolerance')
FG = F.FieldGroup([tFinal, tPrint, absTol, relTol], label='Solver')
SG = F.SuperGroup([FG], label='Settings')
modelBlocks = []
class CycleIterator(NumericalModel):
hTolerance = F.Quantity('SpecificEnthalpy',
default=1.0,
label='enthalpy tolerance')
maxNumIter = F.Quantity(default=500,
label='max iterations',
description='maximum number of iterations')
convSettings = F.FieldGroup([hTolerance, maxNumIter],
label='Convergence settings')
solverSettings = F.SuperGroup([convSettings], label='Solver')
modelBlocks = []
def run(self):
self.converged = False
self.ncp = len(self.cycle.fp)
self.old_h = np.zeros((self.ncp))
self.old_T = np.zeros((self.ncp))
self.old_p = np.zeros((self.ncp))
self.hHistory = []
self.change_h = np.zeros((self.ncp))
self.change_hHistory = []
i = 0
self.cycle.computeCycle()
while (i < self.maxNumIter):
self.saveOldValues()
self.cycle.computeCycle()
self.checkConvergence()
if (self.converged):
break
i += 1
if (not self.converged):
raise E.ConvergenceError(
'Solution did not converge, delta_h = {:e}'.format(
self.change_hHistory[-1]))
def saveOldValues(self):
for i in range(self.ncp):
self.old_h[i] = self.cycle.fp[i].h
self.old_T[i] = self.cycle.fp[i].T
self.old_p[i] = self.cycle.fp[i].p
#self.hHistory.append(self.old_h)
def computeChange(self):
for i in range(self.ncp):
self.change_h[i] = self.cycle.fp[i].h - self.old_h[i]
change = np.sqrt(np.sum(self.change_h**2))
self.hHistory.append([x for x in self.change_h])
self.change_hHistory.append(change)
return change
def checkConvergence(self):
self.converged = self.computeChange() < self.hTolerance
return self.converged
def printValues(self):
print[fp.T for fp in self.cycle.fp]
print[fl.mDot for fl in self.cycle.flows]
class FiniteVolumeSolverSettings(NumericalModel):
tolerance = F.Quantity(default=1e-6, label='tolerance')
maxNumIterations = F.Integer(default=100, label='max number iterations')
relaxationFactor = F.Quantity(default=1.0, label='relaxation factor')
FG = F.FieldGroup([tolerance, maxNumIterations, relaxationFactor],
label='Settings')
modelBlocks = []
class TankRes(NumericalModel):
compositeMass = F.Quantity('Mass',
default=(0., 'kg'),
label='composite mass',
description='composite mass')
linerMass = F.Quantity('Mass',
default=(0., 'kg'),
label='liner mass',
description='liner mass')
FG = F.FieldGroup([linerMass, compositeMass], label='Pressure vessel')
modelBlocks = []
class BlockGeometry(NumericalModel):
diameter = F.Quantity('Length',
default=(0., 'mm'),
label='diameter',
description='block diameter')
length = F.Quantity('Length',
default=(0., 'm'),
label='length',
description='block length')
FG = F.FieldGroup([diameter, length], label='Block geometry')
modelBlocks = []
class FluidSource_TP(CycleComponent):
T = F.Quantity('Temperature', label='temperature')
p = F.Quantity('Pressure', label='pressure')
mDot = F.Quantity('MassFlowRate', label='mass flow rate')
FG = F.FieldGroup([T, p, mDot], label='Compressor')
modelBlocks = []
#================== Ports =================#
outlet = F.Port(P.ThermodynamicPort)
#================== Methods =================#
def compute(self):
self.outlet.flow.mDot = self.mDot
self.outlet.state.update_Tp(self.T, self.p)
class IsobaricHeatExchanger(CycleComponent2FlowPorts):
etaThermal = F.Quantity(default=1.0,
label='thermal efficiency',
minValue=0,
maxValue=1,
show='self.computeMethod == "eta"')
TExt = F.Quantity('Temperature',
default=(30, 'degC'),
label='external temperature',
show='self.computeMethod == "eta"')
qOutlet = F.Quantity(default=0,
minValue=0,
maxValue=1,
label='outlet vapor quality',
show='self.computeMethod == "Q"')
TOutlet = F.Quantity('Temperature',
default=(40, 'degC'),
label='outlet temperature',
show='self.computeMethod == "T"')
hOutlet = F.Quantity('SpecificEnthalpy',
default=(100, 'kJ/kg'),
minValue=-1e10,
label='outlet enthalpy',
show='self.computeMethod == "H"')
modelBlocks = []
#================== Methods =================#
def compute(self):
CycleComponent2FlowPorts.compute(self)
pIn = self.inlet.state.p
if (self.computeMethod == 'eta'):
self.outlet.state.update_Tp(self.TExt, pIn)
hOut = (
1 - self.etaThermal
) * self.inlet.state.h + self.etaThermal * self.outlet.state.h
self.outlet.state.update_ph(pIn, hOut)
elif (self.computeMethod == 'dT'):
self.outlet.state.update('P', pIn, 'dT', self.dTOutlet)
elif (self.computeMethod == 'Q'):
self.outlet.state.update_pq(pIn, self.qOutlet)
elif (self.computeMethod == 'T'):
self.outlet.state.update_Tp(self.TOutlet, pIn)
elif (self.computeMethod == 'H'):
self.outlet.state.update_ph(pIn, self.hOutlet)
else:
raise ValueError('Unknown compute method {}'.format(
self.computeMethod))
self.qIn = self.outlet.state.h - self.inlet.state.h
self.delta_h = self.qIn
self.w = 0
class RegenerativeRankineCycle(RankineCycle):
label = "Regenerative Rankine cycle"
figure = F.ModelFigure(src="ThermoFluids/img/ModuleImages/RankineCycle_Recuperator.svg", height = 300)
description = F.ModelDescription("Rankine cycle with recuperator, \
using the temperature of the hot steam before the condenser to pre-heat the fluid before entering the boiler", show = True)
#================ Inputs ================#
#---------------- Fields ----------------#
# FieldGroup
recuperator = F.SubModelGroup(TC.HeatExchangerTwoStreams, 'FG', label = 'Recuperator')
inputs = F.SuperGroup(['workingFluidGroup', 'pump', recuperator, 'boiler', 'turbine', 'condenser'], label = 'Cycle defininition')
#--------------- Model view ---------------#
#================ Results ================#
#---------------- Energy flows -----------#
recuperatorHeat = F.Quantity('HeatFlowRate', default = (0, 'kW'), label = 'recuperator heat rate')
flowFieldGroup = F.FieldGroup(['pumpPower', recuperatorHeat, 'boilerHeat', 'turbinePower', 'condenserHeat'], label = 'Energy flows')
#---------------- Scheme -----------------#
scheme_Rankine_recup = F.Image(default="static/ThermoFluids/img/ModuleImages/RankineCycle_Recuperator.png")
SchemeVG = F.ViewGroup([scheme_Rankine_recup], label="Process Scheme")
SchemeSG = F.SuperGroup([SchemeVG], label="Scheme")
resultView = F.ModelView(ioType = "output", superGroups = ['resultDiagrams', SchemeSG, 'resultStates', 'resultEnergy', 'solverStats'])
#================ Methods ================#
def compute(self):
self.initCompute(self.fluidName)
# Connect components
self.connectPorts(self.condenser.outlet, self.pump.inlet)
self.connectPorts(self.pump.outlet, self.recuperator.inlet1)
self.connectPorts(self.recuperator.outlet1, self.boiler.inlet)
self.connectPorts(self.boiler.outlet, self.turbine.inlet)
self.connectPorts(self.turbine.outlet, self.recuperator.inlet2)
self.connectPorts(self.recuperator.outlet2, self.condenser.inlet)
# Initial guess
for fl in self.flows:
fl.mDot = self.mDot
self.condenser.outlet.state.update_pq(self.pLow, 0)
self.boiler.outlet.state.update_pq(self.pHigh, 1)
self.turbine.compute(self.pLow)
# Cycle iterations
self.solver.run()
# Results
self.postProcess()
def computeCycle(self):
self.pump.compute(self.pHigh)
self.recuperator.compute()
self.recuperator.computeStream1()
self.boiler.compute()
self.turbine.compute(self.pLow)
self.recuperator.computeStream2()
self.condenser.compute()
def postProcess(self):
super(RegenerativeRankineCycle, self).postProcess()
self.recuperatorHeat = self.recuperator.QDot
def SteamPlant(self):
RankineCycle.SteamPlant(self)
self.pLow = (2, 'bar')
self.boiler.TOutlet = (600, 'degC')
class Compressor(NumericalModel):
etaS = F.Quantity('Efficiency',
default=(0., '-'),
label='isentropic efficiency',
description='isentropic efficiency')
fQ = F.Quantity('Fraction',
default=(0., '-'),
label='heat loss fraction',
description='heat loss fraction to ambient')
V = F.Quantity('Volume',
default=(0., 'L'),
maxValue=(1e6, 'L'),
label='displacement volume',
description='displacement volume')
FG = F.FieldGroup([etaS, fQ, V], label='Parameters')
modelBlocks = []
class FluidStateSource(NumericalModel):
sourceTypeTxt = F.Choices(OrderedDict((
('TP', 'temperature, pressure'),
('PQ', 'pressure, vapour quality'),
('TQ', 'temperature, vapour quality'),
)),
label='state variables',
description='choose the initial state variables')
@property
def sourceType(self):
if self.sourceTypeTxt == 'TP':
return DM.FluidStateSource.TP
if self.sourceTypeTxt == 'PQ':
return DM.FluidStateSource.PQ
if self.sourceTypeTxt == 'TQ':
return DM.FluidStateSource.TQ
else:
raise ValueError('Unsupported source type of FluidStateSource.')
T = F.Quantity(
'Temperature',
default=(0., 'degC'),
label='temperature',
description='temperature',
show="self.sourceTypeTxt == 'TP' || self.sourceTypeTxt == 'TQ'")
p = F.Quantity(
'Pressure',
default=(0., 'bar'),
label='pressure',
description='pressure',
show="self.sourceTypeTxt == 'TP' || self.sourceTypeTxt == 'PQ'")
q = F.Quantity(
'VaporQuality',
default=(0., '-'),
minValue=0,
maxValue=1,
label='vapour quality',
description='vapour quality',
show="self.sourceTypeTxt == 'TQ' || self.sourceTypeTxt == 'PQ'")
FG = F.FieldGroup([sourceTypeTxt, T, p, q], label='Parameters')
modelBlocks = []
class Compressor(CycleComponent2FlowPorts):
modelType = F.Choices(OrderedDict((
('S', 'isentropic'),
('T', 'isothermal'),
)),
label='compressor model')
etaS = F.Quantity('Efficiency',
label='isentropic efficiency',
show="self.modelType == 'S'")
fQ = F.Quantity('Fraction',
default=0.,
label='heat loss factor',
show="self.modelType == 'S'")
etaT = F.Quantity('Efficiency',
label='isosthermal efficiency',
show="self.modelType == 'T'")
dT = F.Quantity('TemperatureDifference',
default=0,
label='temperature increase',
show="self.modelType == 'T'")
FG = F.FieldGroup([modelType, etaS, fQ, etaT, dT], label='Compressor')
modelBlocks = []
#================== Methods =================#
def compute(self, pOut):
CycleComponent2FlowPorts.compute(self)
if (pOut < self.inlet.state.p):
raise ValueError(
'Outlet pressure must be higher than inlet pressure')
if (self.modelType == 'S'):
self.outlet.state.update_ps(pOut, self.inlet.state.s)
wIdeal = self.outlet.state.h - self.inlet.state.h
self.w = wIdeal / self.etaS
self.qIn = -self.fQ * self.w
self.delta_h = self.w + self.qIn
self.outlet.state.update_ph(pOut,
self.inlet.state.h + self.delta_h)
else:
self.outlet.state.update_Tp(self.inlet.state.T + self.dT, pOut)
self.qIn = (self.outlet.state.s -
self.inlet.state.s) * self.inlet.state.T
wIdeal = self.outlet.state.h - self.inlet.state.h - self.qIn
self.w = wIdeal / self.etaT
self.qIn -= (self.w - wIdeal)
class SectionResultsSettings(NumericalModel):
setTRange = F.Boolean(
False,
label='set temperature range',
description=
'set temperature range (Tmin, Tmax) of the section results plots')
Tmin = F.Quantity('Temperature',
default=(0, 'K'),
label='min temperature',
description='minimum temperature',
show='self.setTRange')
Tmax = F.Quantity('Temperature',
default=(0, 'K'),
label='max temperature',
description='maximum temperature',
show='self.setTRange')
FG = F.FieldGroup([setTRange, Tmin, Tmax], label='Settings')
modelBlocks = []
class FlowSplitter(CycleComponent):
frac1 = F.Quantity('Fraction', label='fraction to outlet 1')
frac2 = F.Quantity('Fraction', label='fraction to outlet 2')
FG = F.FieldGroup([frac1, frac2])
modelBlocks = []
#================== Ports =================#
inlet = F.Port(P.ThermodynamicPort)
outlet1 = F.Port(P.ThermodynamicPort)
outlet2 = F.Port(P.ThermodynamicPort)
#================== Methods =================#
def compute(self):
self.outlet1.flow.mDot = self.inlet.flow.mDot * self.frac1 / (
self.frac1 + self.frac2)
self.outlet2.flow.mDot = self.inlet.flow.mDot * self.frac2 / (
self.frac1 + self.frac2)
self.outlet1.state.update_Trho(self.inlet.state.T,
self.inlet.state.rho)
self.outlet2.state.update_Trho(self.inlet.state.T,
self.inlet.state.rho)
class LiquefactionCycle(ThermodynamicalCycle):
abstract = True
#================ Inputs ================#
fluidName = F.Choices(Fluids, default='R134a', label='liquefied fluid')
mDot = F.Quantity('MassFlowRate',
default=(1, 'kg/min'),
label='inlet flow rate')
pIn = F.Quantity('Pressure',
default=(1, 'bar'),
label='inlet gas pressure')
TIn = F.Quantity('Temperature',
default=(15, 'degC'),
label='inlet gas temperature')
pHigh = F.Quantity('Pressure',
default=(40, 'bar'),
label='compressor high pressure')
pLiquid = F.Quantity('Pressure',
default=(2, 'bar'),
label='liquid pressure')
TAmbient = F.Quantity(
'Temperature',
default=(15, 'degC'),
label='ambient temperature',
description='used as reference temperature to calculate exergy')
workingFluidGroup = F.FieldGroup(
['fluidName', 'mDot', pIn, TIn, pHigh, pLiquid, TAmbient],
label='Cycle parameters')
#================ Results ================#
liqEnergy = F.Quantity('SpecificEnergy',
default=(1, 'kJ/kg'),
label='liquefaction energy')
minLiqEnergy = F.Quantity(
'SpecificEnergy',
default=(1, 'kJ/kg'),
label='min. liquefaction energy',
description=
'minimum energy required for liquefaction in an ideal carnot cycle; \
equal to the difference in exergies between initial and final state')
etaSecondLaw = F.Quantity(
'Efficiency',
label='figure of merit (FOM)',
description=
'minimum energy required for liquefaction to the actual energy required \
in the cycle; equivalent to second law efficiency')
efficiencyFieldGroup = F.FieldGroup(
[liqEnergy, minLiqEnergy, etaSecondLaw], label='Efficiency')
class CycleComponent2FlowPorts(CycleComponent):
abstract = True
w = F.Quantity('SpecificEnergy',
default=(0, 'kJ/kg'),
label='specific work')
qIn = F.Quantity('SpecificEnergy',
default=(0, 'kJ/kg'),
label='specific heat in')
delta_h = F.Quantity('SpecificEnthalpy', label='enthalpy change (fluid)')
WDot = F.Quantity('Power', default=(0, 'kW'), label='power')
QDotIn = F.Quantity('HeatFlowRate',
default=(0, 'kW'),
label='heat flow rate in')
deltaHDot = F.Quantity('Power', label='enthalpy change (fluid)')
#================== Ports =================#
inlet = F.Port(P.ThermodynamicPort)
outlet = F.Port(P.ThermodynamicPort)
#================== Methods =================#
def compute(self):
self.outlet.flow.mDot = self.inlet.flow.mDot
def postProcess(self):
self.WDot = self.w * self.inlet.flow.mDot
self.QDotIn = self.qIn * self.inlet.flow.mDot
self.deltaHDot = self.delta_h * self.inlet.flow.mDot
class Cooler(NumericalModel):
workingState = F.Choices(OrderedDict((
(0, 'no'),
(1, 'yes'),
)),
label='enable cooler',
description='enable cooler')
epsilon = F.Quantity('Efficiency',
default=(0., '-'),
label='effectiveness',
description='effectiveness',
show="self.workingState")
TCooler = F.Quantity('Temperature',
default=(0., 'degC'),
label='coolant temperature',
description='coolant temperature',
show="self.workingState")
FG = F.FieldGroup([workingState, epsilon, TCooler], label='Parameters')
modelBlocks = []
class HeatFlowChannels(NumericalModel):
QDotPrimaryChannels = F.Quantity(
'HeatFlowRate',
default=(1.0, 'kW'),
label='Primary channels',
description='heat flow rate to the primary channels')
QDotSecondaryChannels = F.Quantity(
'HeatFlowRate',
default=(1.0, 'kW'),
label='Secondary channels',
description='heat flow rate to the secondary channels')
QDotExternalChannel = F.Quantity(
'HeatFlowRate',
default=(1.0, 'kW'),
label='External channel',
description='heat flow rate from the external channel')
FG = F.FieldGroup(
[QDotPrimaryChannels, QDotSecondaryChannels, QDotExternalChannel],
label='Parameters')
modelBlocks = []
class BlockProperties(NumericalModel):
material = F.ObjectReference(Solids,
default='Aluminium6061',
label='material',
description='block material')
divisionStep = F.Quantity('Length',
default=(0., 'm'),
minValue=(1, 'mm'),
label='division step (axial)',
description='axial division step')
FG = F.FieldGroup([material, divisionStep], label='Block properties')
modelBlocks = []
class ExternalChannelGeometry(NumericalModel):
widthAxial = F.Quantity(
'Length',
default=(0., 'mm'),
label='width (axial)',
description='axial width of the spiral rectangular channel')
heightRadial = F.Quantity(
'Length',
default=(0., 'mm'),
label='radial height',
description='radial height of the spiral rectangular channel')
coilPitch = F.Quantity(
'Length',
default=(0., 'mm'),
label='coil pitch',
description='coil pitch of the spiral rectangular channel')
cellSize = F.Quantity(
'Length',
default=(0., 'mm'),
label='mesh cell size',
description='mesh cell size near the outer block circle')
meshFineness = F.Integer(
default=1,
minValue=1,
maxValue=10,
label='mesh fineness',
description='mesh fineness near the outer side of the block')
FG = F.FieldGroup([widthAxial, heightRadial, coilPitch, meshFineness],
label='Channel geometry')
modelBlocks = []
def compute(self, blockDiameter):
self.averageCoilDiameter = blockDiameter + self.heightRadial
self.cellSize = self.averageCoilDiameter / (self.meshFineness * 10.)
class FluidFlowOutput(NumericalModel):
VDot = F.Quantity('VolumetricFlowRate',
minValue=(0., 'm**3/h'),
default=(1., 'm**3/h'),
label='volume flow',
description='volume flow rate')
mDot = F.Quantity('MassFlowRate',
minValue=(0, 'kg/h'),
default=(1., 'kg/h'),
label='mass flow',
description='mass flow rate')
T = F.Quantity('Temperature', default=(300., 'K'), label='temperature')
p = F.Quantity('Pressure', default=(1., 'bar'), label='pressure')
FG = F.FieldGroup([mDot, VDot, T, p], label='Parameters')
modelBlocks = []
def compute(self, fState, mDot):
self.fState = fState
self.T = fState.T
self.p = fState.p
self.mDot = mDot
self.VDot = mDot / fState.rho
def redefineFileds(self):
# Create tuples for species
speciesTuples = (('time', F.Quantity('Time', default=(1, 's'))), )
datasetColumns = ['t']
for itSpecies in self.species:
X = itSpecies[0] #species variable
speciesTuple = (('%s' % X,
F.Quantity('Bio_MolarConcentration',
default=(1, 'M'))), )
speciesTuples += speciesTuple
datasetColumns.append('%s' % X)
# Redefine Fields
redefinedStorage = F.HdfStorage(
hdfFile='BioReactors_SimulationResults.h5',
hdfGroup='/BiochemicalReactions',
datasetColumns=datasetColumns)
self.redefineField('storage', 'storageVG', redefinedStorage)
redefinedPlot = F.PlotView(speciesTuples,
label='Plot',
options={
'ylabel': 'concentration',
'title': ''
},
useHdfStorage=True,
storage='storage')
self.redefineField('plot', 'resultsVG', redefinedPlot)
redefinedTable = F.TableView(
speciesTuples,
label='Table',
options={'formats': ['0.000', '0.000', '0.000', '0.000']},
useHdfStorage=True,
storage='storage')
self.redefineField('table', 'resultsVG', redefinedTable)
class ThermodynamicalProcessTwoStreams(ThermodynamicalCycle):
############# Inputs #############
fluidSource1 = F.SubModelGroup(TC.FluidSource, 'FG', label='Inlet 1')
fluidSource2 = F.SubModelGroup(TC.FluidSource, 'FG', label='Inlet 2')
fluidSink1 = F.SubModelGroup(TC.FluidSink, 'FG', label='Outlet 1')
fluidSink2 = F.SubModelGroup(TC.FluidSink, 'FG', label='Outlet 2')
inputs = F.SuperGroup([fluidSource1, fluidSource2, fluidSink1, fluidSink2])
# Model View
inputView = F.ModelView(ioType="input",
superGroups=[inputs],
autoFetch=True)
############# Results #############
QDot = F.Quantity('HeatFlowRate',
default=(0, 'kW'),
label='heat flow rate in')
NTU = F.Quantity(label='NTU')
Cr = F.Quantity(label='capacity ratio')
energyResults = F.FieldGroup([QDot, NTU, Cr], label="Energy")
energyBalanceResults = F.SuperGroup([energyResults],
label="Energy balance")
# Model View
resultView = F.ModelView(
ioType="output", superGroups=['resultStates', energyBalanceResults])
############# Page structure ########
modelBlocks = [inputView, resultView]
############# Methods ###############
def postProcess(self, component):
super(ThermodynamicalProcessTwoStreams, self).postProcess(300)
self.QDot = component.QDot
self.NTU = component.NTU
self.Cr = component.Cr
class ChannelGroupGeometry(NumericalModel):
number = F.Integer(default=0,
minValue=0,
maxValue=30,
label='number',
description='number of channels')
radialPosition = F.Quantity('Length',
default=(0., 'mm'),
minValue=(0, 'mm'),
label='radial position',
description='radial position of the channels')
startingAngle = F.Quantity('Angle',
default=(0., 'deg'),
minValue=(-1e6, 'deg'),
label='starting angle',
description='starting angle of the first')
cellSize = F.Quantity('Length',
default=(0., 'mm'),
label='mesh cell size',
description='mesh cell size near the channels')
meshFineness = F.Integer(default=1,
minValue=1,
maxValue=10,
label='mesh fineness',
description='mesh fineness near the channels')
externalDiameter = F.Quantity(
'Length',
default=(0., 'mm'),
label='external diameter',
description='external diameter of the channels')
sections = F.RecordArray((
('internalDiameter',
F.Quantity('Length',
default=(0, 'mm'),
minValue=(0, 'mm'),
label='internal diameter')),
('length', F.Quantity('Length', default=(0.2, 'm'), label='length')),
),
label='sections',
numRows=5)
channelName = F.String()
FG = F.FieldGroup([
number, radialPosition, startingAngle, externalDiameter, sections,
meshFineness
],
label='Parameters')
modelBlocks = []
def compute(self):
self.cellSize = self.externalDiameter / (self.meshFineness * 2.5)
self.length = np.sum(self.sections['length'])
class FluidFlowInput(NumericalModel):
fluidName = F.Choices(Fluids, default='ParaHydrogen', label='fluid')
flowRateChoice = F.Choices(OrderedDict((
('V', 'volume'),
('m', 'mass'),
)),
label='flow rate based on')
mDot = F.Quantity('MassFlowRate',
minValue=(0, 'kg/h'),
default=(1., 'kg/h'),
label='mass flow',
description='mass flow rate',
show='self.flowRateChoice == "m"')
VDot = F.Quantity('VolumetricFlowRate',
minValue=(0., 'm**3/h'),
default=(1., 'm**3/h'),
label='volume flow',
description='volume flow rate',
show='self.flowRateChoice == "V"')
T = F.Quantity('Temperature', default=(300., 'K'), label='temperature')
p = F.Quantity('Pressure', default=(1., 'bar'), label='pressure')
FG = F.FieldGroup([fluidName, flowRateChoice, mDot, VDot, T, p],
label='Parameters')
modelBlocks = []
def createFluidState(self):
return CP.FluidState(self.fluidName)
def compute(self):
self.fState = self.createFluidState()
self.fState.update_Tp(self.T, self.p)
if (self.flowRateChoice == 'm'):
self.VDot = self.mDot / self.fState.rho
else:
self.mDot = self.VDot * self.fState.rho
class Turbine(CycleComponent2FlowPorts):
eta = F.Quantity(default=1, minValue=0, maxValue=1, label='efficiency')
FG = F.FieldGroup([eta], label='Turbine')
modelBlocks = []
#================== Methods =================#
def compute(self, pOut):
if (pOut > self.inlet.state.p):
raise ValueError(
'Outlet pressure must be lower than inlet pressure')
CycleComponent2FlowPorts.compute(self)
self.outlet.state.update_ps(pOut, self.inlet.state.s)
wIdeal = self.outlet.state.h - self.inlet.state.h
self.w = wIdeal * self.eta
self.qIn = 0
self.delta_h = self.w + self.qIn
self.outlet.state.update_ph(pOut, self.inlet.state.h + self.delta_h)
class IncompressibleSolutionFlowInput(FluidFlowInput):
solName = F.Choices(IncompressibleSolutions,
default='MEG',
label='fluid (name)',
description='fluid (incompressible solutions)')
solMassFraction = F.Quantity(
'Fraction',
default=(0, '%'),
label='fluid (mass fraction)',
description='mass fraction of the substance other than water')
incomSolFG = F.FieldGroup(
[solName, solMassFraction, 'flowRateChoice', 'mDot', 'VDot', 'T', 'p'],
label='Parameters')
def createFluidState(self):
return CP5.FluidStateFactory.createIncompressibleSolution(
self.solName, self.solMassFraction)
class Controller(NumericalModel):
initialState = F.Choices(
OrderedDict((
(TC.FUELING, 'fueling'),
(TC.EXTRACTION, 'extraction'),
)),
label='start with',
description='start the simulation with fueling or extraction')
tWaitBeforeExtraction = F.Quantity(
'Time',
default=(0., 's'),
minValue=(0., 's'),
maxValue=(1.e6, 's'),
label='τ (extraction)',
description='waiting time before each extraction')
tWaitBeforeFueling = F.Quantity(
'Time',
default=(0., 's'),
minValue=(0., 's'),
maxValue=(1.e6, 's'),
label='τ (fueling)',
description='waiting time before each fueling')
pMin = F.Quantity(
'Pressure',
default=(0., 'bar'),
label='minimum pressure</sub>',
description='minimum pressure in the gas storage for starting fueling')
pMax = F.Quantity(
'Pressure',
default=(0., 'bar'),
label='maximum pressure',
description='maximum pressure in the gas storage for stopping fueling')
mDotExtr = F.Quantity('MassFlowRate',
default=(0., 'kg/h'),
label='extraction mass flow rate',
description='extraction mass flow rate')
nCompressor = F.Quantity('AngularVelocity',
default=(0., 'rev/s'),
minValue=(0, 'rev/s'),
maxValue=(1e4, 'rev/s'),
label='compressor speed',
description='compressor speed')
FG = F.FieldGroup([
initialState, pMin, pMax, mDotExtr, nCompressor, tWaitBeforeExtraction,
tWaitBeforeFueling
],
label='Parameters')
SG = F.SuperGroup([FG], label="Parameters")
modelBlocks = []
class ThermodynamicalProcess(ThermodynamicalCycle):
############# Inputs #############
fluidSource = F.SubModelGroup(TC.FluidSource, 'FG', label='Initial State')
fluidSink = F.SubModelGroup(TC.FluidSink, 'FG', label='Final State')
inputs = F.SuperGroup([fluidSource, fluidSink])
# Model View
inputView = F.ModelView(ioType="input",
superGroups=[inputs],
autoFetch=True)
############# Results #############
w = F.Quantity('SpecificEnergy',
default=(0, 'kJ/kg'),
label='specific work')
qIn = F.Quantity('SpecificEnergy',
default=(0, 'kJ/kg'),
label='specific heat in')
delta_h = F.Quantity('SpecificEnthalpy', label='enthalpy change (fluid)')
WDot = F.Quantity('Power', default=(0, 'kW'), label='power')
QDotIn = F.Quantity('HeatFlowRate',
default=(0, 'kW'),
label='heat flow rate in')
deltaHDot = F.Quantity('Power', label='enthalpy change (fluid)')
# Specific energy quantities
specificEnergyResults = F.FieldGroup(
[w, delta_h, qIn], label="Heat/work (specific quantities)")
# Energy flow quantities
energyFlowResults = F.FieldGroup([WDot, deltaHDot, QDotIn],
label="Heat/work flows")
energyBalanceResults = F.SuperGroup(
[specificEnergyResults, energyFlowResults], label="Energy balance")
# Model View
resultView = F.ModelView(
ioType="output",
superGroups=['resultDiagrams', 'resultStates', energyBalanceResults])
############# Page structure ########
modelBlocks = [inputView, resultView]
############# Methods ###############
def postProcess(self, component):
super(ThermodynamicalProcess, self).postProcess(300)
component.postProcess()
self.w = component.w
self.qIn = component.qIn
self.delta_h = component.delta_h
self.WDot = component.WDot
self.QDotIn = component.QDotIn
self.deltaHDot = component.deltaHDot
class Condenser(IsobaricHeatExchanger):
computeMethod = F.Choices(OrderedDict((
('dT', 'sub-cooling'),
('Q', 'vapor quality'),
('eta', 'thermal efficiency'),
('T', 'temperature'),
('H', 'enthalpy'),
)),
label='compute outlet by')
dTOutlet = F.Quantity('TemperatureDifference',
default=(-10, 'degC'),
minValue=-1e10,
maxValue=-1e-3,
label='outlet subcooling',
show='self.computeMethod == "dT"')
FG = F.FieldGroup([
'computeMethod', 'etaThermal', 'TExt', 'dTOutlet', 'TOutlet',
'qOutlet', 'hOutlet'
],
label='Condenser')
modelBlocks = []
class ADM1H2CH4Bioreactors(NumericalModel):
label = "(H2,CH4) Bioreactors"
description = F.ModelDescription(
"A model of the process of hydrogen and methane production by anaerobic digestion of organic wastes in a cascade of two continuously stirred bioreactors.",
show=True)
figure = F.ModelFigure(
src="BioReactors/img/ModuleImages/ADM1H2CH4Bioreactors.png", show=True)
async = True
progressOptions = {'suffix': 'day', 'fractionOutput': True}
#1. ############ Inputs ###############
#1.1 Fields - Input values
parametersRH2 = F.SubModelGroup(H2Bioreactor,
'parametersSG',
label='Parameters (R-H2)')
concentrationsRH2 = F.SubModelGroup(H2Bioreactor,
'concentrationsSG',
label='Concentrations (R-H2)')
parametersRCH4 = F.SubModelGroup(CH4Bioreactor,
'parametersSG',
label='Parameters (R-CH4)')
concentrationsRCH4 = F.SubModelGroup(CH4Bioreactor,
'concentrationsSG',
label='Concentrations (R-CH4)')
#1.3 Fields - Settings
solverSettings = F.SubModelGroup(SolverSettings,
'FG',
label='H2 & CH4 - Bioreactors')
settingsSG = F.SuperGroup([solverSettings], label='Solver settings')
#1.4 Model view
exampleAction = A.ServerAction(
"loadEg",
label="Examples",
options=(
#('exampleDef', 'Reset to default values'),
('exampleADM1', 'Reset to ADM1 values'), ))
inputView = F.ModelView(
ioType="input",
superGroups=[
parametersRH2, concentrationsRH2, parametersRCH4,
concentrationsRCH4, settingsSG
],
autoFetch=True,
actionBar=A.ActionBar([exampleAction]),
)
#2. ############ Results ###############
storage = F.HdfStorage(hdfFile=DM.dataStorageFilePath,
hdfGroup=DM.dataStorageDatasetPath)
varTuples = (
('time', F.Quantity('Bio_Time', default=(1, 'day'))), #0
('S_su_RH2', F.Quantity('Bio_CODConcentration',
default=(1, 'gCOD/L'))), #1
('S_aa_RH2', F.Quantity('Bio_CODConcentration',
default=(1, 'gCOD/L'))), #2
('S_fa_RH2', F.Quantity('Bio_CODConcentration',
default=(1, 'gCOD/L'))), #3
('S_ac_RH2', F.Quantity('Bio_CODConcentration',
default=(1, 'gCOD/L'))), #4
('X_c_RH2', F.Quantity('Bio_CODConcentration',
default=(1, 'gCOD/L'))), #5
('X_ch_RH2', F.Quantity('Bio_CODConcentration',
default=(1, 'gCOD/L'))), #6
('X_pr_RH2', F.Quantity('Bio_CODConcentration',
default=(1, 'gCOD/L'))), #7
('X_li_RH2', F.Quantity('Bio_CODConcentration',
default=(1, 'gCOD/L'))), #8
('X_suaa_RH2', F.Quantity('Bio_MassConcentration',
default=(1, 'g/L'))), #9
('X_fa_RH2', F.Quantity('Bio_MassConcentration',
default=(1, 'g/L'))), #10
('intQ_h2_RH2',
F.Quantity('Bio_CODConcentration', default=(1, 'gCOD/L'))), #11
('S_ac_RCH4', F.Quantity('Bio_CODConcentration',
default=(1, 'gCOD/L'))), #12
('X_ac_RCH4', F.Quantity('Bio_MassConcentration',
default=(1, 'g/L'))), #13
('intQ_ch4_RCH4',
F.Quantity('Bio_CODConcentration', default=(1, 'gCOD/L'))), #14
('Q_h2_RH2',
F.Quantity('Bio_CODConcentrationFlowRate',
default=(1, 'gCOD/L/day'))), #15
('Q_ch4_RCH4',
F.Quantity('Bio_CODConcentrationFlowRate',
default=(1, 'gCOD/L/day'))), #16
('D_RH2', F.Quantity('Bio_TimeRate', default=(1, '1/day'))), #17
('D_RCH4', F.Quantity('Bio_TimeRate', default=(1, '1/day'))), #18
)
plot1RH2 = F.PlotView(
varTuples,
label='R-H2 (S<sub>su</sub>, S<sub>aa</sub>, S<sub>fa</sub>)',
options={'ylabel': None},
visibleColumns=[0, 1, 2, 3],
useHdfStorage=True,
storage='storage',
)
plot2RH2 = F.PlotView(
varTuples,
label='R-H2 (X<sub>ch</sub>, X<sub>pr</sub>, X<sub>li</sub>)',
options={'ylabel': None},
visibleColumns=[0, 6, 7, 8],
useHdfStorage=True,
storage='storage',
)
plot3RH2 = F.PlotView(
varTuples,
label='R-H2 (X<sub>su-aa</sub>,X<sub>fa</sub>)',
options={'ylabel': None},
visibleColumns=[0, 9, 10],
useHdfStorage=True,
storage='storage',
)
plot4RH2 = F.PlotView(
varTuples,
label='R-H2 (H<sub>2</sub>)',
options={'ylabel': None},
visibleColumns=[0, 11, 15],
useHdfStorage=True,
storage='storage',
)
plot1RCH4 = F.PlotView(
varTuples,
label='R-CH4 (S<sub>ac</sub>, X<sub>ac</sub>)',
options={'ylabel': None},
visibleColumns=[0, 12, 13],
useHdfStorage=True,
storage='storage',
)
plot2RCH4 = F.PlotView(
varTuples,
label='R-CH4 (CH<sub>4</sub>)',
options={'ylabel': None},
visibleColumns=[0, 14, 16],
useHdfStorage=True,
storage='storage',
)
plotD = F.PlotView(
varTuples,
label='(D<sub>RH2</sub>, D<sub>RCH4</sub>)',
options={'ylabel': None},
visibleColumns=[0, 17, 18],
useHdfStorage=True,
storage='storage',
)
table = F.TableView(
varTuples,
label='Table',
options={
'title': 'Bioreactors',
'formats': ['0.000']
},
useHdfStorage=True,
storage='storage',
)
storageVG = F.ViewGroup([storage], show="false")
resultsVG = F.ViewGroup([
plot1RH2, plot2RH2, plot3RH2, plot4RH2, plot1RCH4, plot2RCH4, plotD,
table
])
resultsSG = F.SuperGroup([resultsVG, storageVG], label='Results')
#2.1 Model view
resultView = F.ModelView(ioType="output", superGroups=[resultsSG])
############# Page structure ########
modelBlocks = [inputView, resultView]
############# Methods ###############
def __init__(self):
self.exampleADM1()
def exampleDef(self):
############# H2 Bioreactor ###############
#Stoichiometric parameter values
self.parametersRH2.f_ch_xc = 0.5 #-
self.parametersRH2.f_pr_xc = 0.15 #-
self.parametersRH2.f_li_xc = 0.15 #-
self.parametersRH2.f_su_li = 0.05 #-
self.parametersRH2.f_fa_li = 0.9 #-
self.parametersRH2.f_ac_su = 0.41 #-
self.parametersRH2.f_ac_aa = 0.4 #-
self.parametersRH2.Y_suaa = 0.1 #-
self.parametersRH2.Y_fa = 0.06 #-
#Biochemical parameter values
self.parametersRH2.k_dis = (0.5, '1/day')
self.parametersRH2.k_hyd_ch = (10.0, '1/day')
self.parametersRH2.k_hyd_pr = (10.0, '1/day')
self.parametersRH2.k_hyd_li = (10.0, '1/day')
self.parametersRH2.k_m_suaa = (30.0, '1/day')
self.parametersRH2.K_S_suaa = (0.5, 'g/L')
self.parametersRH2.k_m_fa = (6.0, '1/day')
self.parametersRH2.K_S_fa = (0.4, 'g/L')
# Physiochemical parameter values
self.parametersRH2.Y_h2_su = 1.0 #-
self.parametersRH2.Y_h2_aa = 1.0 #-
self.parametersRH2.Y_h2_fa = 1.0 #-
# Volumetric flow rate values
self.parametersRH2.D_liq_arr[0] = (10.0, 0.0) #(day, 1/day)
self.parametersRH2.D_liq_arr[1] = (10.0, 0.1) #(day, 1/day)
self.parametersRH2.D_liq_arr[2] = (10.0, 0.05) #(day, 1/day)
self.parametersRH2.D_liq_arr[3] = (10.0, 0.15) #(day, 1/day)
# Input concentrations
self.concentrationsRH2.S_su_in = (0.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.S_aa_in = (0.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.S_fa_in = (0.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.S_ac_in = (0.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_c_in = (2.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_ch_in = (0.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_pr_in = (0.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_li_in = (0.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_suaa_in = (0.0, 'g/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_fa_in = (0.0, 'g/L')
# Initial values of state variables
self.concentrationsRH2.S_su_0 = (0.012, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.S_aa_0 = (0.005, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.S_fa_0 = (0.099, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.S_ac_0 = (0.20, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_c_0 = (30.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_ch_0 = (0.028, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_pr_0 = (0.10, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_li_0 = (0.03, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_suaa_0 = (0.42, 'g/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_fa_0 = (0.24, 'g/L')
############# CH4 Bioreactor ###############
#Stoichiometric parameter values
self.parametersRCH4.Y_ac = 0.5 #-
#Biochemical parameter values
self.parametersRCH4.k_m_ac = (8.0, '1/day')
self.parametersRCH4.K_S_ac = (0.15, 'g/L')
# Physiochemical parameter values
self.parametersRCH4.Y_ch4_ac = 1.0 #-
# Physical parameter values
self.parametersRCH4.V_liq_RCH4_del_V_liq_RH2 = (50.0, '-') #L/L
# Input concentrations
self.concentrationsRCH4.X_ac_in = (0.0, 'g/L')
# Initial values of state variables
self.concentrationsRCH4.S_ac_0 = (0.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRCH4.X_ac_0 = (2.0, 'g/L')
############# Solver settings ###############
self.solverSettings.tFinal = (50.0, 'day')
self.solverSettings.tPrint = (0.1, 'day')
self.solverSettings.absTol = (1e-9, 'day')
self.solverSettings.relTol = (1e-7, 'day')
def exampleADM1(self):
############# H2 Bioreactor ###############
#Stoichiometric parameter values
self.parametersRH2.f_ch_xc = 0.2 #-
self.parametersRH2.f_pr_xc = 0.2 #-
self.parametersRH2.f_li_xc = 0.3 #-
self.parametersRH2.f_su_li = 0.05 #-
self.parametersRH2.f_fa_li = 0.95 #-
self.parametersRH2.f_ac_su = 0.41 #-
self.parametersRH2.f_ac_aa = 0.4 #-
self.parametersRH2.Y_suaa = 0.1 #-
self.parametersRH2.Y_fa = 0.06 #-
#Biochemical parameter values
self.parametersRH2.k_dis = (0.5, '1/day')
self.parametersRH2.k_hyd_ch = (10.0, '1/day')
self.parametersRH2.k_hyd_pr = (10.0, '1/day')
self.parametersRH2.k_hyd_li = (10.0, '1/day')
self.parametersRH2.k_m_suaa = (30.0, '1/day')
self.parametersRH2.K_S_suaa = (0.5, 'g/L')
self.parametersRH2.k_m_fa = (6.0, '1/day')
self.parametersRH2.K_S_fa = (0.4, 'g/L')
# Physiochemical parameter values
self.parametersRH2.Y_h2_su = 1.0 #-
self.parametersRH2.Y_h2_aa = 1.0 #-
self.parametersRH2.Y_h2_fa = 1.0 #-
# Volumetric flow rate values
self.parametersRH2.D_liq_arr[0] = (10.0, 0.0) #(day, 1/day)
self.parametersRH2.D_liq_arr[1] = (10.0, 0.1) #(day, 1/day)
self.parametersRH2.D_liq_arr[2] = (10.0, 0.05) #(day, 1/day)
self.parametersRH2.D_liq_arr[3] = (10.0, 0.15) #(day, 1/day)
# Input concentrations
self.concentrationsRH2.S_su_in = (0.01, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.S_aa_in = (0.001, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.S_fa_in = (0.001, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.S_ac_in = (0.001, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_c_in = (2.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_ch_in = (5.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_pr_in = (20.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_li_in = (5.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_suaa_in = (0.0, 'g/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_fa_in = (0.01, 'g/L')
# Initial values of state variables
self.concentrationsRH2.S_su_0 = (0.012, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.S_aa_0 = (0.005, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.S_fa_0 = (0.099, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.S_ac_0 = (0.20, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_c_0 = (0.31, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_ch_0 = (0.028, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_pr_0 = (0.10, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_li_0 = (0.03, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_suaa_0 = (0.42, 'g/L')
self.concentrationsRH2.X_fa_0 = (0.24, 'g/L')
############# CH4 Bioreactor ###############
#Stoichiometric parameter values
self.parametersRCH4.Y_ac = 0.05 #-
#Biochemical parameter values
self.parametersRCH4.k_m_ac = (8.0, '1/day')
self.parametersRCH4.K_S_ac = (0.15, 'g/L')
# Physiochemical parameter values
self.parametersRCH4.Y_ch4_ac = 1.0 #-
# Physical parameter values
self.parametersRCH4.V_liq_RCH4_del_V_liq_RH2 = (50.0, '-') #L/L
# Input concentrations
self.concentrationsRCH4.X_ac_in = (0.0, 'g/L')
# Initial values of state variables
self.concentrationsRCH4.S_ac_0 = (0.0, 'gCOD/L')
self.concentrationsRCH4.X_ac_0 = (0.76, 'g/L')
############# Solver settings ###############
self.solverSettings.tFinal = (50.0, 'day')
self.solverSettings.tPrint = (0.1, 'day')
self.solverSettings.absTol = (1e-12, 'day')
self.solverSettings.relTol = (1e-10, 'day')
def computeAsync(self):
# Simulate RH2 and RCH4 Bioreactors
bioreactor = DM.ADM1H2CH4Bioreactors(self, self.parametersRH2,
self.concentrationsRH2,
self.parametersRCH4,
self.concentrationsRCH4)
bioreactor.prepareSimulation(self.solverSettings)
bioreactor.run(self.solverSettings)
# Show results
self.storage = bioreactor.resultStorage.simulationName
