def make_real_sand_matrix(self, x, y):
r"""Make the superoperator matrix representation of
N[X,Y](rho) = (1/2) ( X rho Y† + Y rho X† )
In the basis {Λ_j}, N[X,Y](rho) = N(x,y)_jk rho_k Λ_j where
N(x,y)_jk = Re[x_m (D_mlj + iF_mlj) (y*)_n (D_knl + iF_knl) ]
Λ_j Λ_k = (D_jkl + iF_jkl) Λ_l
x and y are vectorized representations of the operators X and Y stored
in sparse format.
`sparse.tensordot` might decide to return something dense, so the user
should be aware of that.
"""
result_A = sparse.tensordot(x, self.struct, ([0], [0]))
result_B = sparse.tensordot(np.conj(y), self.struct, ([0], [1]))
# sparse.tensordot fails if both arguments are numpy ndarrays, so we
# force the intermediate arrays to be sparse
if type(result_B) == np.ndarray:
result_B = COO.from_numpy(result_B)
if type(result_A) == np.ndarray:
result_A = COO.from_numpy(result_A)
result = sparse_real(sparse.tensordot(result_A, result_B, ([0], [1])))
# We want our result to be dense, to make things predictable from the
# outside.
if type(result) == sparse.coo.COO:
result = result.todense()
return result.real
def hamiltonian_sparse(v, J):
"""
Calculate the spin Hamiltonian as a sparse array.
Parameters
----------
v : array-like
list of frequencies in Hz (in the absence of splitting) for each
nucleus.
J : 2D array-like
matrix of coupling constants. J[m, n] is the coupling constant between
v[m] and v[n].
Returns
-------
H : sparse.COO
a sparse spin Hamiltonian.
"""
nspins = len(v)
Lz, Lproduct = _so_sparse(nspins) # noqa
# On large spin systems, converting v and J to sparse improved speed of
# sparse.tensordot calls with them.
# First make sure v and J are a numpy array (required by sparse.COO)
if not isinstance(v, np.ndarray):
v = np.array(v)
if not isinstance(J, np.ndarray):
J = np.array(J)
H = sparse.tensordot(sparse.COO(v), Lz, axes=1)
scalars = 0.5 * sparse.COO(J)
H += sparse.tensordot(scalars, Lproduct, axes=2)
return H
def jac(x):
if always_positive:
x = scipy.sparse.diags(np.exp(x))
jacobian = sparse.tensordot(Dij, self.slice_l, axes=(0, 0))
return jacobian.to_scipy_sparse().dot(x)
else:
return sparse.tensordot(Dij, self.slice_l, axes=(0, 0))
def __init__(self, dim, basis=None):
if basis is None:
self.dim = dim
self.basis = sparse.stack(gm.get_basis(dim, sparse=True))
else:
self.dim = basis[0].shape[0]
self.basis = COO.from_numpy(np.array(basis))
# Diagonal metric (since we're working with what are assumed to be
# orthogonal but not necessarily normalized basis vectors)
self.sq_norms = COO.from_numpy(
sparse.tensordot(
self.basis, self.basis,
([1, 2], [2, 1])).to_scipy_sparse().diagonal())
# Diagonal inverse metric
sq_norms_inv = COO.from_numpy(1 / self.sq_norms.todense())
# Dual basis obtained from the original basis by the inverse metric
self.dual = self.basis * sq_norms_inv[:,None,None]
# Structure coefficients for the Lie algebra showing how to represent a
# product of two basis elements as a complex-linear combination of basis
# elements
self.struct = sparse.tensordot(sparse.tensordot(self.basis, self.basis,
([2], [1])),
self.dual, ([1, 3], [2, 1]))
if isinstance(self.struct, np.ndarray):
# Sometimes sparse.tensordot returns numpy arrays. We want to force
# it to be sparse, since sparse.tensordot fails when passed two
# numpy arrays.
self.struct = COO.from_numpy(self.struct)
def make_real_comm_matrix(self, x, y):
r"""Make the superoperator matrix representation of
M[X,Y](rho) = (1/2) ( [X rho, Y†] + [Y, rho X†] )
In the basis {Λ_j}, M[X,Y](rho) = M(x,y)_jk rho_k Λ_j where
M(x,y)_jk = -2 Im[ (y*)_n F_lnj x_m (D_mkl + iF_mkl) ]
Λ_j Λ_k = (D_jkl + iF_jkl) Λ_l
x and y are vectorized representations of the operators X and Y stored
in sparse format.
`sparse.tensordot` might decide to return something dense, so the user
should be aware of that.
"""
struct_imag = sparse_imag(self.struct)
# sparse.tensordot fails if both arguments are numpy ndarrays, so we
# force the intermediate arrays to be sparse
result_A = sparse.tensordot(np.conj(y), struct_imag, ([0], [1]))
result_B = sparse.tensordot(x, self.struct, ([0], [0]))
if type(result_B) == np.ndarray:
result_B = COO.from_numpy(result_B)
if type(result_A) == np.ndarray:
result_A = COO.from_numpy(result_A)
result = -2 * sparse_imag(sparse.tensordot(result_A, result_B,
([0], [1])))
# We want our result to be dense, to make things predictable from the
# outside.
if type(result) == sparse.coo.COO:
result = result.todense()
return result.real
def initialize(self, rate_ion, rate_cx, t_ion, t_edge, n_edge):
for v in [rate_ion, rate_cx, t_ion]:
if v.shape != self.r.shape:
raise ValueError('Shape mismatch, {} and {}'.format(
v.shape, self.r.shape))
self.rate.initialize(rate_ion + rate_cx, rate_cx, t_ion)
self.t_ion = t_ion
self.n_edge = n_edge
self.nt_edge = n_edge * t_edge
self.ntt_edge = n_edge * t_edge * t_edge
n = self.size - 1
# prepare matrices
# matrix for the particle balance
A_part = sparse.concatenate([
-sparse.tensordot(
self.rate.Rij + self.rate.Sij, self.rate.slice_l, axes=(0, 0)),
sparse.tensordot(self.rate.Dij, self.rate.slice_l, axes=(0, 0)),
sparse.COO([], [], shape=(n, n))
],
axis=0).T
# matrix for the energy balance
A_engy = sparse.concatenate([
-1.5 *
sparse.tensordot(self.rate.Eij, self.rate.slice_l, axes=(0, 0)),
-1.5 *
sparse.tensordot(self.rate.Rij, self.rate.slice_l, axes=(0, 0)),
2.5 *
sparse.tensordot(self.rate.Dij, self.rate.slice_l, axes=(0, 0))
],
axis=0).T
# balance matrix.
self.A = sparse.concatenate([A_part, A_engy], axis=0)
# boundary conditions
b_part = (-self.n_edge * sparse.tensordot(
self.rate.Rij + self.rate.Sij, self.rate.slice_last, axes=(0, 0)) +
self.nt_edge * sparse.tensordot(
self.rate.Dij, self.rate.slice_last, axes=(0, 0))
).todense()
b_engy = (
-1.5 * self.n_edge *
sparse.tensordot(self.rate.Eij, self.rate.slice_last, axes=(0, 0))
- 1.5 * self.nt_edge * sparse.tensordot(
self.rate.Rij, self.rate.slice_last, axes=(0, 0)) +
2.5 * self.ntt_edge * sparse.tensordot(
self.rate.Dij, self.rate.slice_last, axes=(0, 0))).todense()
self.b = -np.concatenate([b_part, b_engy])
# matrix for the constraint
self.L = scipy.sparse.hstack([
scipy.sparse.identity(n),
scipy.sparse.identity(n) * (-2.0),
scipy.sparse.identity(n)
])
def maximization_Theta(alpha, I, T, thetaPrev, p):
'''
theta2 = np.zeros((I, T))
for m in range(I):
nonZG, nonZD = alpha[m, :, :].nonzero(), alpha[:, m, :].nonzero()
for n in range(T):
tmp=0.
for s in range(T):
for (i, inf) in zip(nonZG[0], nonZG[1]):
tmp+=alpha[m, i, inf] * omega[m, i, s, n, inf]
for (i, inf) in zip(nonZD[0], nonZD[1]):
tmp+=alpha[i, m, inf] * omega[i, m, n, s, inf]
theta2[m,n] = tmp / Cm[m]
'''
''' Memory consuming
divix = (thetaPrev.dot(thetaPrev.dot(p))) + 1e-10 # mrx
divix = np.swapaxes(divix, 0, 1) # rmx # Parce que alpha c'est dans l'ordre rmx
terme1 = np.swapaxes(alpha/divix, 0, 1) # mrx
terme2 = np.swapaxes(thetaPrev.dot(p), 1, 2) # rxk
theta = np.tensordot(terme1, terme2, axes=2) # mk
terme1 = np.swapaxes(terme1, 0, 1) # rmx
terme2 = np.swapaxes(thetaPrev.dot(np.swapaxes(p, 0, 1)), 1, 2) # mxl
theta += np.tensordot(terme1, terme2, axes=2) # rl
theta = theta / Cm[:, None]
theta *= thetaPrev
'''
# Combinaisons : rl, mk, klx ; alpha(rmx)!=alpha(mrx) car on considere ici alpha_Tr
coords = alpha.nonzero()
vals = []
for (r, m, k) in zip(coords[0], coords[1], coords[2]):
vals.append(thetaPrev[r].dot(thetaPrev[m].dot(p[:, :, k]))) # rmx
divix = sparse.COO(coords, np.array(vals), shape=(I, I, I)) + 1e-10
Cm = (alpha.sum(axis=0).sum(axis=1) +
alpha.sum(axis=1).sum(axis=1)).todense() + 1e-10
terme1 = alpha / divix # rmx
terme2 = np.swapaxes(thetaPrev.dot(np.swapaxes(p, 0, 1)), 1, 2) # mxl
theta = sparse.tensordot(terme1, terme2, axes=2) # rl
terme1 = terme1.transpose(axes=(1, 0, 2)) # mrx
terme2 = np.swapaxes(thetaPrev.dot(p), 1, 2) # rxk
theta += sparse.tensordot(terme1, terme2, axes=2) # mk
theta = theta / Cm[:, None]
theta *= thetaPrev
return theta
def initialize(self, rate_dep, rate_cx, t_ion):
self.rate_dep = rate_dep
self.rate_cx = rate_cx
rmu = self.r / (self.m * self.rate_dep)
rmuk = vec2coo(rmu * EV)
# Components for particle balance equation
# gradient term
Dij = sparse.tensordot(rmuk, self.phi_di_dj_k, axes=(0, -1))
# depletion term by ionization and charge exchange
Rij = -sparse.tensordot(
vec2coo(self.r * self.rate_dep), self.phi_ijk, axes=(0, -1))
# source term by charge exchange
Sij = sparse.tensordot(vec2coo(self.r * self.rate_cx),
self.phi_ijk,
axes=(0, -1))
# energy source term by charge exchange
Eij = sparse.tensordot(vec2coo(self.r * self.rate_cx * t_ion),
self.phi_ijk,
axes=(0, -1))
# Remove last item of last dimension
self.Dij = sparse.tensordot(Dij, self.slice_l, axes=(-1, 0))
self.Rij = sparse.tensordot(Rij, self.slice_l, axes=(-1, 0))
self.Sij = sparse.tensordot(Sij, self.slice_l, axes=(-1, 0))
self.Eij = sparse.tensordot(Eij, self.slice_l, axes=(-1, 0))
def __init__(self, dim):
self.dim = dim
self.basis = COO.from_numpy(np.array(gm.get_basis(dim)))
self.sq_norms = COO.from_numpy(np.einsum('jmn,jnm->j',
self.basis.todense(),
self.basis.todense()))
sq_norms_inv = COO.from_numpy(1 / self.sq_norms.todense())
self.dual = self.basis * sq_norms_inv[:,None,None]
self.struct = sparse.tensordot(sparse.tensordot(self.basis, self.basis,
([2], [1])),
self.dual, ([1, 3], [2, 1]))
if type(self.struct) == np.ndarray:
# Sometimes sparse.tensordot returns numpy arrays. We want to force
# it to be sparse, since sparse.tensordot fails when passed two
# numpy arrays.
self.struct = COO.from_numpy(self.struct)
def trace2(self, other):
sums1 = []
sums2 = []
sites1 = self.sites.copy()
sites2 = other.sites.copy()
unsummed1 = []
unsummed2 = []
index = {}
for i, site in enumerate(self.sites):
if site in other.sites:
sums1.extend(2 * i + 1, 2 * i)
sums2.extend(2 * other.sites.index(site),
2 * other.sites.index(site) + 1)
index[2 * i + 1] = 2 * other.sites.index(site) + 1
sites2.remove(site)
else:
unsummed1.append[site]
unsummed2 = [site for site in other.sites if site not in sums2]
td = sparse.tensordot(self.representation,
other.representation,
axes=(sums1, sums2))
dense_td = td.todense()
return np.einsum(
dense_td,
[n for n in range(len(dense_td.shape) // 2) for i in range(2)])
def propagate_distribution(pomdp, D_ux, u_dim=None, x_dim=None):
'''evolve input/state distribution D_ux into output distribution D_xz
D_xz(x', z) = \sum_{x', u) P(X+ = x, Z = z | U = u X = x' ) D_ux(u, x')
'''
if u_dim is None:
u_dim = tuple(range(len(pomdp.M)))
if x_dim is None:
x_dim = (len(pomdp.M), )
if len(u_dim) != len(pomdp.M) or len(x_dim) != 1:
raise Exception('dimension problem')
if len(D_ux.shape) <= max(u_dim + x_dim) or len(
set(u_dim + x_dim)) < len(u_dim + x_dim) or sum(D_ux.data) != 1:
raise Exception('D_ux not a valid distribution')
T_uxXz = sparse.stack([sparse.stack([sparse.COO(pomdp.Tuz(m_tuple, z))
for z in range(pomdp.O)],
axis=-1)
for m_tuple in pomdp.m_tuple_iter()]) \
.reshape(pomdp.M + (pomdp.N, pomdp.N, pomdp.O))
T_zx = sparse.tensordot(D_ux,
T_uxXz,
axes=(u_dim + x_dim, range(len(pomdp.M) + 1)))
return sparse.COO(T_zx)
def sparse_dLdW(self, dLdOut):
'''
This function compiles the dLdW sparse matrix
'''
inp = self.lastInput
(batchSize, nrInputs) = inp.shape
nrCol = self.nrOutputs
row = np.arange(nrInputs * nrCol)
column = np.repeat(np.arange(nrCol), nrInputs)
rowCol = np.array([row, column])
data = np.tile(inp, nrCol).flatten()
thirdDim = np.repeat(np.arange(batchSize), len(row))
rowCol = np.tile(rowCol, batchSize)
coords = np.array([thirdDim, *rowCol])
x = sparse.COO(coords, data)
dLdW = sparse.tensordot(x, dLdOut, axes=([0, 2], [0, 1]))
return dLdW.reshape(self.W.shape)
def vectorize(self, op):
sparse_op = COO.from_numpy(op)
result = sparse.tensordot(self.dual, sparse_op, ([1,2], [1,0]))
if type(result) == np.ndarray:
# I want the result stored in a sparse format even if it isn't
# sparse.
result = COO.from_numpy(result)
return result
def vectorize(self, op, dense=False):
sparse_op = COO.from_numpy(op)
result = sparse.tensordot(self.dual, sparse_op, ([1,2], [1,0]))
if not dense and isinstance(result, np.ndarray):
# I want the result stored in a sparse format even if it isn't
# sparse.
result = COO.from_numpy(result)
elif dense and isinstance(result, sparse.COO):
result = result.todense()
return result
def propagate_network_distribution(network, D):
''' evolve input/state distribution D into output distribution D_xz
D_xz(x', z) = \sum_{x', u) P(X+ = x, Z = z | U = u X = x' ) D(u, x')
'''
if not network.deterministic:
raise Exception('not possible in nondeterministic case')
if not D.shape == network.M + network.N:
raise Exception('wrong dimension of D')
slice_names = list(network.input_names) + list(network.state_names)
treated_inputs = []
for name, pomdp in network.forward_iter():
# index of current state
u_dim = tuple(
slice_names.index(u_name) for u_name in pomdp.input_names)
x_dim = (slice_names.index(name), )
# D_ux -> D_xz
D = propagate_distribution(pomdp, D, u_dim=u_dim,
x_dim=x_dim) # get old z_out
slice_names = [n for n in slice_names if n not in (name,) + pomdp.input_names] + \
[name] + [pomdp.output_name]
treated_inputs += pomdp.input_names
# D_xz -> D_ux
for outputs, inp, D_uz, _ in network.connections:
# ALTERNATIVE WAY: first diagonalize D_xz to D_xzz, then use tensordot(D_xzz, D_uz) on z
# should be faster: diagonalization is very cheap, avoids own diagonal() fcn
# diagonalization here: https://github.com/nils-werner/sparse/compare/master...nils-werner:einsum#diff-774b84c1fc5cd6b86a14c41931aca83bR356
if all([output in slice_names
for output in outputs]) and inp not in treated_inputs:
# outer tensor product -- D_xzuz
D = sparse.tensordot(D, sparse.COO(D_uz), axes=0)
slice_names = slice_names + [inp] + [
output + '_z' for output in outputs
]
# diagonal over each z -- Dxuz
for output in outputs:
D = diagonal(D,
axis1=slice_names.index(output),
axis2=slice_names.index(output + '_z'))
slice_names = [
name for name in slice_names
if name != output and name != output + '_z'
] + [output]
new_order = [slice_names.index(x) for x in network.state_names
] + [slice_names.index(z) for z in network.output_names]
return D.transpose(new_order)
def hamiltonian_sparse(v, J):
"""
Parameters
----------
v
J
Returns
-------
H: a numpy.ndarray, and NOT a sparse.COO?!?!?!
"""
nspins = len(v)
Lz, Lproduct = so_sparse(nspins)
H = sparse.tensordot(v, Lz, axes=1)
# L_T = L.transpose(1, 0, 2, 3)
# Lproduct = np.tensordot(L_T, L, axes=((1, 3), (0, 2))).swapaxes(1, 2)
scalars = 0.5 * J
H += sparse.tensordot(scalars, Lproduct, axes=2)
return H
def get_multiscale_diffusive(self, index, n, SDIFF, TDIFF, TDIFFGrad):
angle = self.mat['control_angle'][index]
aa = sparse.COO([0, 1, 2], angle, shape=(3))
HW_PLUS = sparse.tensordot(self.mesh.CP, aa, axes=1).clip(min=0)
s = SDIFF[n] * self.mat['mfp'][n]
temp = TDIFF[n] - self.mat['mfp'][n] * np.dot(
self.mat['control_angle'][index], TDIFFGrad[n].T)
t = temp * self.mat['domega'][index]
j = np.multiply(temp, HW_PLUS) * self.mat['domega'][index]
return t, s, j
def test_einsum_basic(self):
# transpose
arr = sp.random((20, 30, 40), 0.1)
self.assertEqual(
(einsum_sparse('abc->cba', arr) != arr.transpose()).nnz, 0)
# tensordot
arr1 = sp.random((20, 30, 40), 0.1)
arr2 = sp.random((40, 30), 0.1)
arr3 = sp.random((40, 20, 10), 0.1)
self.assertTrue(
np.allclose(
todense(einsum_sparse('abc,cb->a', arr1, arr2)),
todense(sp.tensordot(arr1, arr2, axes=([1, 2], [1, 0])))))
self.assertTrue(
np.allclose(todense(einsum_sparse('ab,acd->bcd', arr2, arr3)),
todense(sp.tensordot(arr2, arr3, axes=(0, 0)))))
# trace
arr = sp.random((100, 100), 0.1)
self.assertAlmostEqual(
einsum_sparse('aa->', arr)[()], np.trace(todense(arr)))
def hamiltonian_sparse(v, J):
"""
Parameters
----------
v: array-like
list of frequencies in Hz
J: 2D array-like
matrix of coupling constants
Returns
-------
H: sparse.COO
a sparse spin Hamiltonian
"""
nspins = len(v)
Lz, Lproduct = so_sparse(nspins) # noqa
# On large spin systems, converting v and J to sparse improved speed, so:
H = sparse.tensordot(sparse.COO(v), Lz, axes=1)
scalars = 0.5 * sparse.COO(J)
H += sparse.tensordot(scalars, Lproduct, axes=2)
return H
def so_sparse(nspins):
"""Attempted to sparsify the spin operator generation, but there are hurdles. In-place assignments can't be done on
sparse matrices. Apparently no .swapaxes method for COO matrix either.
"""
sigma_x = sparse.COO(np.array([[0, 1 / 2], [1 / 2, 0]]))
sigma_y = sparse.COO(np.array([[0, -1j / 2], [1j / 2, 0]]))
sigma_z = sparse.COO(np.array([[1 / 2, 0], [0, -1 / 2]]))
unit = sparse.COO(np.array([[1, 0], [0, 1]]))
L = np.empty((3, nspins, 2**nspins, 2**nspins),
dtype=np.complex128) # consider other dtype?
# Lxs = []
# Lys = []
# Lzs = []
for n in range(nspins):
Lx_current = 1
Ly_current = 1
Lz_current = 1
for k in range(nspins):
if k == n:
Lx_current = sparse.kron(Lx_current, sigma_x)
Ly_current = sparse.kron(Ly_current, sigma_y)
Lz_current = sparse.kron(Lz_current, sigma_z)
else:
Lx_current = sparse.kron(Lx_current, unit)
Ly_current = sparse.kron(Ly_current, unit)
Lz_current = sparse.kron(Lz_current, unit)
# Lxs[n] = Lx_current
# Lys[n] = Ly_current
# Lzs[n] = Lz_current
# print(Lx_current.todense())
L[0][n] = Lx_current.todense()
L[1][n] = Ly_current.todense()
L[2][n] = Lz_current.todense()
Lz_sparse = sparse.COO(L[2])
L_T = L.transpose(1, 0, 2, 3)
L_sparse = sparse.COO(L)
L_T_sparse = sparse.COO(L_T)
Lproduct = sparse.tensordot(L_T_sparse, L_sparse,
axes=((1, 3), (0, 2))).swapaxes(1, 2)
# Lz_sparse = sparse.COO(L[2])
Lproduct_sparse = sparse.COO(Lproduct)
return Lz_sparse, Lproduct_sparse
def make_hamil_comm_matrix(self, h):
"""Make the superoperator matrix representation of
-i[H,rho]
h is the vectorized representation of the Hamiltonian H stored in sparse
format.
Returns a dense matrix.
"""
struct_imag = sparse_imag(self.struct)
result = 2 * sparse.tensordot(struct_imag, h, ([0], [0])).T
if type(result) == sparse.coo.COO:
result = result.todense()
return result.real
def decode(
self, symbol_stream: np.ndarray,
channel_state: ChannelStateInformation, stream_noises: np.ndarray
) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, ChannelStateInformation, np.ndarray]:
equalized_symbols = np.empty(
(channel_state.num_receive_streams, channel_state.num_samples),
dtype=complex)
equalized_noises = np.empty(
(channel_state.num_receive_streams, channel_state.num_samples),
dtype=float)
equalized_channel_state = ChannelStateInformation(
channel_state.state_format)
# Equalize in space in a first step
for idx, (symbols, stream_state, noise) in enumerate(
zip(symbol_stream, channel_state.received_streams(),
stream_noises)):
noise_variance = np.mean(noise)
# Combine the responses of all superimposed transmit antennas for equalization
linear_state = stream_state.linear
transform = np.sum(linear_state[0, ::], axis=0, keepdims=False)
# Compute the pseudo-inverse from the singular-value-decomposition of the linear channel transform
# noinspection PyTupleAssignmentBalance
u, s, vh = svd(transform.todense(),
full_matrices=False,
check_finite=False)
u *= s / (s**2 + noise_variance)
equalizer = (u @ vh).T.conj()
equalized_symbols[idx, :] = equalizer @ symbols
equalized_csi_slice = tensordot(equalizer,
linear_state,
axes=(1, 2)).transpose(
(1, 2, 0, 3))
equalized_channel_state.append_linear(equalized_csi_slice, 0)
equalized_noises[idx, :] = noise[:stream_state.num_samples] * (
s**2 + noise_variance)
return equalized_symbols, channel_state, equalized_noises
def compose_with(self, other):
'''Uses np.tensordot to multiply with another tensor.
This multiplication process involves summing over the correct indices to match how matrix
multiplication should work. Furthermore, the process requires reordering the tensor
components afterwards so the tensor continues to act on the proper sites.'''
sums1 = []
sums2 = []
sites1 = self.sites.copy()
sites2 = other.sites.copy()
index = {}
for i, site in enumerate(self.sites):
if site in other.sites:
sums1.append(2 * i + 1)
sums2.append(2 * other.sites.index(site))
index[2 * i + 1] = 2 * other.sites.index(site) + 1
sites2.remove(site)
td = sparse.tensordot(self.representation,
other.representation,
axes=(sums1, sums2))
new_sites = sites1 + sites2
base = list(range(len(td.shape)))
base.reverse()
transposition = []
for i in sums1:
base.remove(index[i] + 2 * self.dim - len(sums1) - len(sums2))
for i in range(len(td.shape)):
if i in sums1:
coord = index[i] + 2 * self.dim - len(sums1) - len(sums2)
transposition.append(coord)
else:
transposition.append(base.pop())
td = td.transpose(transposition)
return TensorGate(td, new_sites, self.N)
def td(X1, X2):
return sp.tensordot(X1, X2, axes) if iscoo(X1) else np.tensordot(
X1, X2, axes)
def get_solving_data(self, index, n, TB, TL):
global_index = index * self.mat['n_mfp'] + n
nc = self.n_elems
if index == self.last_index:
A = self.A
HW_MINUS = self.HW_MINUS
HW_PLUS = self.HW_PLUS
K = self.K
P = self.P
elif os.path.exists(self.cache + '/P_' + str(index) + '.p'):
A = scipy.sparse.load_npz(self.cache + '/A_' + str(index) + '.npz')
K = scipy.sparse.load_npz(self.cache + '/K_' + str(index) + '.npz')
HW_MINUS = np.load(
open(self.cache + '/HW_MINUS_' + str(index) + '.p', 'rb'))
HW_PLUS = np.load(
open(self.cache + '/HW_PLUS_' + str(index) + '.p', 'rb'))
P = np.load(open(self.cache + '/P_' + str(index) + '.p', 'rb'))
else:
angle = self.mat['control_angle'][index]
aa = sparse.COO([0, 1, 2], angle, shape=(3))
tmp = sparse.tensordot(self.mesh.CP, aa, axes=1)
HW_PLUS = tmp.clip(min=0)
#HW_MINUS = HW_PLUS - tmp
HW_MINUS = -sparse.tensordot(self.mesh.CM, aa, axes=1).clip(max=0)
test2 = sparse.tensordot(self.mesh.N, aa, axes=1)
K = test2 * self.TT #broadcasting (B_ij * V_i)
AM = test2.clip(max=0)
#AP = test2.clip(min=0)
AP = test2 - AM
AP = spdiags(AP.sum(axis=1).todense(), 0, nc, nc, format='csc')
P = (AM * self.mesh.B).sum(axis=1).todense()
CPB = spdiags(sparse.tensordot(self.mesh.CPB, aa,
axes=1).clip(min=0),
0,
nc,
nc,
format='csc')
A = AP + AM + CPB
if self.argv.setdefault('save_data', True):
scipy.sparse.save_npz(self.cache + '/A_' + str(index) + '.npz',
A.tocsc())
scipy.sparse.save_npz(self.cache + '/K_' + str(index) + '.npz',
K.tocsc())
P.dump(open(self.cache + '/P_' + str(index) + '.p', 'wb'))
HW_MINUS.dump(
open(self.cache + '/HW_MINUS_' + str(index) + '.p', 'wb'))
HW_PLUS.dump(
open(self.cache + '/HW_PLUS_' + str(index) + '.p', 'wb'))
self.A = A
self.K = K
self.HW_MINUS = HW_MINUS
self.HW_PLUS = HW_PLUS
self.P = P
self.last_index = index
#----------------------------------------------
if global_index in self.lu.keys() and self.argv.setdefault(
'keep_lu', False):
lu = self.lu[global_index]
else:
F = scipy.sparse.eye(self.n_elems,
format='csc') + A.tocsc() * self.mat['mfp'][n]
lu = splu(F.tocsc())
if self.argv.setdefault('keep_lu', False):
self.lu.update({global_index: lu})
RHS = self.mat['mfp'][n] * (P + np.multiply(TB[n], HW_MINUS)) + TL[n]
temp = lu.solve(RHS)
t = temp * self.mat['domega'][index]
s = K.dot(temp - TL[n]).sum(
) * self.mat['domega'][index] * 3 * self.kappa_factor
j = np.multiply(temp, HW_PLUS) * self.mat['domega'][index] * 2 * np.pi
return t, s, j
def _matmat(self, X):
r"""Compute matrix-matrix product.
Parameters
----------
X: array_like
The matrix with which the product is desired.
Returns
-------
array_like
The product of self with X.
Notes
-----
Implementation depends on the structure of the Kronecker
product:
.. math::
A \otimes B = \begin{pmatrix}
A_{11} B & A_{12} B & \cdots & A_{1n} B \\
A_{21} B & A_{22} B & \cdots & A_{2n} B \\
\vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\
A_{m1} B & A_{m2} B & \cdots & A_{mn} B
\end{pmatrix}
Matrix-scalar products are commutative, and :math:`B` is the
same for each block. When right-multiplying by a matrix
:math:`C`, we can take advantage of this by splitting
:math:`C` into chunks, multiplying each by the corresponding
element of :math:`A`, adding them up, and multiplying by
:math:`B`.
This function uses :mod:`dask` for the splitting, multiplication, and
addition, which defaults to using all available cores.
"""
block_size = self._block_size
operator1 = self._operator1
operator2 = self._operator2
in_chunk = (operator1.shape[1], block_size, X.shape[1])
if isinstance(X, ARRAY_TYPES) and isinstance(operator1, ARRAY_TYPES):
partial_answer = einsum(
"ij,jkl->kil",
operator1,
X.reshape(in_chunk),
# Column-major output should speed the
# operator2 @ tmp bit
order="F").reshape(block_size, -1)
else:
partial_answer = tensordot(operator1, X.reshape(in_chunk),
(1, 0)).transpose((1, 0, 2)).reshape(
(block_size, -1))
chunks = (
operator2.dot(partial_answer)
# Reshape to separate out the block dimension from the
# original second dim of X
.reshape((operator2.shape[0], self._n_chunks, X.shape[1]))
# Transpose back to have block dimension first
.transpose((1, 0, 2)))
# Reshape back to expected result size
return chunks.reshape((self.shape[0], X.shape[1]))
def quadratic_form(self, mat):
r"""Calculate the quadratic form mat.T @ self @ mat.
Parameters
----------
mat: array_like[N, M]
Returns
-------
array_like[M, M]
The product mat.T @ self @ mat
Raises
------
TypeError
if mat is not an array or if self is not square
ValueError
if the shapes of self and mat are not compatible
Notes
-----
Implementation depends on Kronecker structure, using the
:meth:`._matmat` algorithm for self @ mat. If mat is a lazy
dask array, this implementation will load it multiple times to
avoid dask keeping it all in memory.
This function uses :mod:`dask` for the splitting, multiplication, and
addition, which defaults to using all available cores.
"""
if self.shape[0] != self.shape[1]:
raise TypeError("quadratic_form only defined for square matrices.")
elif isinstance(mat, LinearOperator):
raise TypeError("quadratic_form only supports explicit arrays.")
elif not isinstance(mat, ARRAY_TYPES):
warnings.warn("mat not a recognised array type. "
"Proceed with caution.")
elif mat.ndim == 1:
mat = mat[:, np.newaxis]
if mat.shape[0] != self.shape[1]:
raise ValueError("Dim mismatch: {mat:d} != {self:d}".format(
mat=mat.shape[0], self=self.shape[1]))
outer_size = mat.shape[-1]
result_shape = (outer_size, outer_size)
result_dtype = np.result_type(self.dtype, mat.dtype)
# I load this into memory, so may as well keep as one chunk
result = zeros(result_shape, dtype=result_dtype)
block_size = self._block_size
operator1 = self._operator1
operator2 = self._operator2
in_chunk = (operator1.shape[1], block_size, mat.shape[1])
# row_chunk_size = mat.chunks[0][0]
for row1, row_start in enumerate(range(0, mat.shape[0], block_size)):
# Two function calls and a C loop, instead of python loop
# with lots of indexing.
# Having the chunk be fortran-contiguous should speed the
# next steps (operator2 @ chunk)
if isinstance(mat, np.ndarray):
chunk = einsum("j,jkl->kl",
operator1[row1, :],
mat.reshape(in_chunk),
order="F")
else:
chunk = tensordot(operator1[row1, :], mat.reshape(in_chunk), 1)
result += mat[row_start:(row_start + block_size)].T.dot(
operator2.dot(chunk))
return result
def SINGTANGENTS(resfn, X, lam, mE, opt, ei=0):
"""SINGTANGENTS : Returns the tangents from the two branches at singular point. Assumes simple bifurcation
USAGE :
du1, du2, others = SINGTANGENTS(resfn, X, lam, mE, ei=0)
INPUTS :
resfn, X, lam, mE, ei=0
OUTPUTS :
du1, du2, others
"""
# pdb.set_trace()
def mineigval(lam, u0, k=0):
us = SPNEWTONSOLVER(lambda u: resfn(u, lam)[0:2], u0, opt)
return np.sort(np.linalg.eigvals(us.fjac.todense()))[k]
# 1. Find Critical Point
# pdb.set_trace()
cpi = np.where(np.array(mE)[:-1, ei] * np.array(mE)[1:, ei] < 0)[0][0] + 1
mc = np.argmin([mE[cpi][0], mE[cpi - 1][0]])
biflam = so.fsolve(lambda lmu: mineigval(lmu, X[cpi - mc], k=ei),
lam[cpi - mc])
# biflam = so.bisect(lambda lmu: mineigval(lmu, X[cpi-1], k=ei), lam[cpi-1], lam[cpi])
us = SPNEWTONSOLVER(lambda u: resfn(u, biflam)[0:2], X[cpi - mc], opt)
Rb, dRdXb, dRdlb, d2RdXlb, d2RdX2b = resfn(us.x, biflam, d3=1)
evals, evecs = np.linalg.eig(dRdXb.todense())
evecs = np.asarray(evecs[:, np.argsort(evals)])
evals = evals[np.argsort(evals)]
# pdb.set_trace()
# 2. Branch-Switching
zv = evecs[:, ei]
Lm = sn.null_space(zv[np.newaxis, :])
LdL = Lm.T.dot(dRdXb.todense()).dot(Lm)
yv = -Lm.dot(np.linalg.solve(LdL, Lm.T.dot(dRdlb)))
# yv = -ss.linalg.spsolve(dRdXb, dRdlb)
aval = zv.dot(sp.tensordot(d2RdX2b, zv, axes=1).dot(zv))
bval = zv.dot(
sp.tensordot(d2RdX2b, zv, axes=1).dot(yv) +
sp.tensordot(d2RdX2b, yv, axes=1).dot(zv) + 2.0 * d2RdXlb.dot(zv))
cval = zv.dot(d2RdX2b.dot(yv).dot(yv) + 2.0 * d2RdXlb.dot(yv) + 0.0)
if np.abs(aval > 1e-10):
sig1 = (-bval - np.sqrt(bval**2 - 4 * aval * cval)) / (2.0 * aval)
sig2 = (-bval + np.sqrt(bval**2 - 4 * aval * cval)) / (2.0 * aval)
else:
sig1 = 0.0
sig2 = 1e10 # Some large number, representative of infty
sig1, sig2 = (sig1, sig2)[np.argmin(
(np.abs(sig1), np.abs(sig2)))], (sig1, sig2)[np.argmax(
(np.abs(sig1), np.abs(sig2)))]
du1 = (sig1 * zv + yv) # Trivial branch
if min(np.abs(sig1), np.abs(sig2)) == 0.0:
du1 = du1 / np.linalg.norm(du1)
al1 = 1.0 / np.sqrt(1.0 + du1.dot(du1))
du2 = (sig2 * zv + yv) # Bifurcated Branch
if min(np.abs(sig1), np.abs(sig2)) == 0.0:
du2 = du2 / np.linalg.norm(du2)
al2 = 1.0 / np.sqrt(1.0 + du2.dot(du2))
others = type(
'', (), {
'zv': zv,
'yv': yv,
'sig1': sig1,
'sig2': sig2,
'biflam': biflam,
'cpi': cpi
})()
return du1, al1, du2, al2, others
pauli_X = sparse.COO.from_numpy(np.array([[0, 1], [1, 0]]))
pauli_Y = sparse.COO.from_numpy(np.array([[0, -1j], [1j, 0]]))
phase_gate = lambda phi: sparse.COO.from_numpy(
np.array([[1, 0], [0, np.exp(1j * phi)]]))
gate_matrices = {
"H":
1.0 / 2**0.5 * sparse.COO.from_numpy(np.array([[1, 1], [1, -1]])),
"T":
phase_gate(np.pi / 4),
"S":
phase_gate(np.pi / 2),
"CNOT":
sparse.tensordot(P0, sparse.COO.from_numpy(np.eye(2)), axes=0) +
sparse.tensordot(P1, pauli_X, axes=0),
"P0":
P0,
"P1":
P1,
"X":
pauli_X,
"Y":
pauli_Y,
"NOT":
pauli_X
}
clifford_set = {
k: v
def matrize(self, vec):
"""Take a (sparse) vectorized operator and return it in matrix form.
"""
return sparse.tensordot(self.basis, vec, ([0], [0]))