def main(model='mlp', num_epochs=500):
# Load the dataset
print("Loading data...")
X_train, y_train, X_val, y_val, X_test, y_test = load_dataset()
# Fork workers and initialize gpu before building any variables.
synk.fork()
# Prepare Theano variables for inputs and targets
input_var = T.tensor4('inputs')
target_var = T.ivector('targets')
# Create neural network model (depending on first command line parameter)
print("Building model and compiling functions...")
if model == 'mlp':
network = build_mlp(input_var)
elif model.startswith('custom_mlp:'):
depth, width, drop_in, drop_hid = model.split(':', 1)[1].split(',')
network = build_custom_mlp(input_var, int(depth), int(width),
float(drop_in), float(drop_hid))
elif model == 'cnn':
network = build_cnn(input_var)
else:
print("Unrecognized model type %r." % model)
return
# Create a loss expression for training, i.e., a scalar objective we want
# to minimize (for our multi-class problem, it is the cross-entropy loss):
prediction = lasagne.layers.get_output(network)
loss = lasagne.objectives.categorical_crossentropy(prediction, target_var)
loss = loss.mean()
# We could add some weight decay as well here, see lasagne.regularization.
# Create update expressions for training, i.e., how to modify the
# parameters at each training step. Here, we'll use Stochastic Gradient
# Descent (SGD) with Nesterov momentum, but Lasagne offers plenty more.
params = lasagne.layers.get_all_params(network, trainable=True)
updates = lasagne.updates.nesterov_momentum(loss,
params,
learning_rate=0.01,
momentum=0.9)
# ipdb.set_trace()
# Create a loss expression for validation/testing. The crucial difference
# here is that we do a deterministic forward pass through the network,
# disabling dropout layers.
test_prediction = lasagne.layers.get_output(network, deterministic=True)
test_loss = lasagne.objectives.categorical_crossentropy(
test_prediction, target_var)
test_loss = test_loss.mean()
# As a bonus, also create an expression for the classification accuracy:
test_acc = T.mean(T.eq(T.argmax(test_prediction, axis=1), target_var),
dtype=theano.config.floatX)
# Compile a function performing a training step on a mini-batch (by giving
# the updates dictionary) and returning the corresponding training loss:
# train_fn = theano.function([input_var, target_var], loss, updates=updates)
train_fn = synk.function([input_var, target_var], loss, updates=updates)
# Compile a second function computing the validation loss and accuracy:
# val_fn = theano.function([input_var, target_var], [test_loss, test_acc])
val_fn = synk.function([input_var, target_var], [test_loss, test_acc])
# Send all functions and variables to workers (in the future, automatic)
synk.distribute()
# Write data into input shared memory (also applies to val_fn--same vars).
X_train_synk, y_train_synk = train_fn.build_inputs(X_train, y_train)
X_val_synk, y_val_synk = train_fn.build_inputs(X_val, y_val)
X_test_synk, y_test_synk = train_fn.build_inputs(X_test, y_test)
# Finally, launch the training loop.
print("Starting training...")
# We iterate over epochs:
for epoch in range(num_epochs):
# In each epoch, we do a full pass over the training data:
train_err = 0
train_batches = 0
start_time = time.time()
for batch in iterate_minibatch_indices(len(y_train), 500,
shuffle=True):
train_err += train_fn(X_train_synk, y_train_synk, batch=batch)
synk.all_reduce(params)
train_batches += 1
mid_time = time.time()
# And a full pass over the validation data:
val_err = 0
val_acc = 0
val_batches = 0
for batch in iterate_minibatch_indices(len(y_val), 500, shuffle=False):
err, acc = val_fn(X_val_synk,
y_val_synk,
batch=batch,
num_slices=1)
val_err += err
val_acc += acc
val_batches += 1
end_time = time.time()
val_fn_time = end_time - mid_time
train_fn_time = mid_time - start_time
# Then we print the results for this epoch:
print("Epoch {} of {} took {:.3f}s".format(epoch + 1, num_epochs,
time.time() - start_time))
print("Train function time: {:.3f}s".format(train_fn_time))
print("Validation function time: {:.3f}s".format(val_fn_time))
print(" training loss:\t\t{:.6f}".format(train_err / train_batches))
print(" validation loss:\t\t{:.6f}".format(val_err / val_batches))
print(" validation accuracy:\t\t{:.2f} %".format(val_acc /
val_batches * 100))
# After training, we compute and print the test error:
test_err = 0
test_acc = 0
test_batches = 0
for batch in iterate_minibatch_indices(len(y_test), 500, shuffle=False):
err, acc = val_fn(X_test_synk, y_test_synk, batch=batch)
test_err += err
test_acc += acc
test_batches += 1
print("Final results:")
print(" test loss:\t\t\t{:.6f}".format(test_err / test_batches))
print(" test accuracy:\t\t{:.2f} %".format(test_acc / test_batches * 100))
# Optionally, you could now dump the network weights to a file like this:
np.savez('model.npz', *lasagne.layers.get_all_param_values(network))
# And load them again later on like this:
with np.load('model.npz') as f:
param_values = [f['arr_%d' % i] for i in range(len(f.files))]
lasagne.layers.set_all_param_values(network, param_values)
import numpy as np
import theano
import theano.tensor as T
import synkhronos as synk
synk.fork()
s_init = np.ones(3, dtype='float32')
x = T.matrix('x')
s = theano.shared(s_init, name='s')
s_old = s
f = synk.function([x], updates={s: T.sum(x * s, axis=0)})
synk.distribute()
x_dat = np.array([[1., 1, 1],
[2, 2, 2],
[3, 3, 3],
[4, 4, 4]]).astype('float32')
print("\ns initial:\n", s.get_value())
f.as_theano(x_dat)
print("\ns after Theano call:\n", s.get_value())
s.set_value(s_init)
f(x_dat)
print("\nlocal s after reset and Synkhronos call:\n", s.get_value())
gathered_s = synk.gather(s, nd_up=1)
print("\ngathered s:\n", gathered_s)
synk.reduce(s, op="sum")
print("\nlocal s after in-place reduce:\n", s.get_value())
gathered_s = synk.gather(s, nd_up=1)
print("\ngathered s after reduce:\n", gathered_s)
s.set_value(s_init)
synk.broadcast(s)
f(x_dat)
"""
Demonstrate interactions with synkhronos.Data objects
"""
import numpy as np
import theano
# import theano.tensor as T
import synkhronos as synk
synk.fork() # (making data: after fork(), before and/or after distribute())
# Generate some random data sets
x_dat_0 = np.random.randn(5, 4).astype(theano.config.floatX)
x_dat_1 = np.random.randn(5, 4).astype(theano.config.floatX)
x_dat_2 = np.random.randn(2000, 10).astype(theano.config.floatX)
x_dat_3 = np.random.randn(2100, 10).astype(theano.config.floatX)
x_dat_4 = np.random.randn(100, 8).astype(theano.config.floatX)
x_dat_5 = np.random.randn(100, 8).astype("float64")
# Create a Synkhronos data object to be used as data input to functions.
x = synk.data(x_dat_0)
print("\nSome information about x_data...")
print("object: ", x)
print("values:\n", x.data) # x.data: numpy array, underlying memory: OS-shared
print("\nshape: ", x.shape)
print("length: ", len(x))
print("allocation size (items): ", x.alloc_size)
print("type(x.data): ", type(x.data))
print("\ndir(x): \n", dir(x))
# Reading and writing like a numpy array
"""
Demonstrate interactions with Theano shared variables (GPU memory)
"""
import numpy as np
import theano
import theano.tensor as T
import synkhronos as synk
n_gpus = synk.fork()
# Make data-parallel computation with Theano shared variable (exists on GPU).
dtype = theano.config.floatX
s_x = theano.shared(np.ones([100, 4], dtype=dtype), name='s_x')
s_y = theano.shared(np.zeros([4, 5], dtype=dtype), name='s_y')
s_unused = theano.shared(np.zeros([5, 5], dtype=dtype)) # (see note at bottom)
z = T.mean(s_x.dot(s_y), axis=0)
f = synk.function(inputs=[], sliceable_shareds=[s_x], outputs=z)
synk.distribute() # (shared variable data sent to workers with function)
# Inspect values of Theano shared variables--separate copy on each GPU.
print("\nLengths of s_x on each GPU: ", synk.get_lengths(s_x))
print("Shapes of s_x on each GPU: ", synk.get_shapes(s_x))
x_dat = np.random.randn(8 * n_gpus, 4).astype(dtype)
y_dat = np.random.randn(4, 5).astype(dtype)
# Manipulate values of Theano shared variables across all GPUs.
synk.scatter(s_x, x_dat)
synk.broadcast(s_y, y_dat) # (without data arg, operates on existing var data)
import theano
import theano.tensor as T
import numpy as np
import synkhronos as synk
n_gpu = synk.fork()
# x = T.matrix('x')
x_dat = np.random.randn(100, 10).astype(theano.config.floatX)
y_dat = np.random.randn(10, 5).astype(theano.config.floatX)
x = theano.shared(x_dat, 'x_gpu')
y = theano.shared(y_dat, 'y_gpu')
z = T.mean(x.dot(y), axis=0)
f = synk.function(inputs=[], outputs=z, sliceable_shareds=[x])
synk.distribute()
full_x_dat = np.random.randn(n_gpu * 100, 10).astype(theano.config.floatX)
synk.scatter(x, full_x_dat)
r = f()
def main():
B_SIZE = 10000
MID = B_SIZE // 2
synk.fork()
import lasagne
input_var = T.tensor4('inputs')
target_var = T.ivector('targets')
network = build_mlp(input_var)
# network = build_cnn(input_var)
prediction = lasagne.layers.get_output(network)
loss = lasagne.objectives.categorical_crossentropy(prediction, target_var)
loss = loss.mean()
params = lasagne.layers.get_all_params(network, trainable=True)
grads = theano.grad(loss, wrt=params)
flat_grad = T.concatenate(list(map(T.flatten, grads)))
f_loss = synk.function([input_var, target_var],
loss,
collect_modes=[None],
reduce_ops="sum")
f_grad = synk.function([input_var, target_var],
flat_grad,
collect_modes=[None])
synk.distribute()
x_data, y_data = make_data([1, 28, 28], B_SIZE)
loss_1 = f_loss(x_data, y_data)
grad_1 = f_grad(x_data, y_data)
x_shmem, y_shmem = f_loss.get_input_shmems()
x_dat_sh = x_shmem[:B_SIZE]
y_dat_sh = y_shmem[:B_SIZE]
x_data_1 = x_data[:MID]
x_data_2 = x_data[MID:]
y_data_1 = y_data[:MID]
y_data_2 = y_data[MID:]
ITERS = 10
t0 = timer()
for _ in range(ITERS):
loss_i = f_loss.as_theano(x_data_1, y_data_1)
loss_j = f_loss.as_theano(x_data_2, y_data_2)
loss_time = timer() - t0
print("theano loss_time: ", loss_time)
t0 = timer()
for _ in range(ITERS):
grad_i = f_grad.as_theano(x_data_1, y_data_1)
grad_j = f_grad.as_theano(x_data_2, y_data_2)
grad_time = timer() - t0
print("theano grad_time: ", grad_time)
t0 = timer()
for _ in range(ITERS):
loss_i = f_loss(x_dat_sh, y_dat_sh)
loss_time = timer() - t0
print("synk shmem loss_time: ", loss_time)
t0 = timer()
for _ in range(ITERS):
grad_i = f_grad(x_dat_sh, y_dat_sh)
grad_time = timer() - t0
print("synk shmem grad_time: ", grad_time)
t0 = timer()
for _ in range(ITERS):
loss_i = f_loss(x_data, y_data)
loss_time = timer() - t0
print("synk new input loss_time: ", loss_time)
t0 = timer()
for _ in range(ITERS):
grad_i = f_grad(x_data, y_data)
grad_time = timer() - t0
print("synk new input grad_time: ", grad_time)
"""
Demonstrate basic functionality:
building functions,
output reductions,
function call slicing.
"""
import numpy as np
import theano
import theano.tensor as T
import synkhronos as synk
synk.fork() # processes forked, GPUs initialized
# Build simple data-parallel computations (parallel across rows of "x")
x = T.matrix('x')
y = T.matrix('y')
z_avg = T.mean(x.dot(y), axis=0)
z_sum = T.sum(x.dot(y), axis=0)
z_max = T.max(x.dot(y), axis=0)
# Build Synk function. NOTES:
# 1. bcast_input "y" will have the full value broadcast to all workers
# 2. outputs have different reduce operations (default is "avg")
f = synk.function(inputs=[x],
bcast_inputs=[y],
outputs=[z_avg, (z_sum, "sum"), (z_max, "max")])
synk.distribute() # worker GPUs receive all synk functions, prepare to execute
# Generate random data and compute results
x_dat = 0.01 * np.random.randn(1000, 10).astype(theano.config.floatX)
def main(model='mlp', batch_size=500, num_epochs=10):
# Load the dataset
print("Loading data...")
X_train, y_train, X_val, y_val, X_test, y_test = load_dataset()
y_train = y_train.astype("int32") # (some downstream type error on uint8)
y_val = y_val.astype("int32")
# Fork worker processes and initilize GPU before building variables.
n_gpu = synk.fork()
# Prepare Theano variables for inputs and targets
input_var = T.tensor4('inputs')
target_var = T.ivector('targets')
network = build_network(model, input_var)
# Create a loss expression for training, i.e., a scalar objective we want
# to minimize (for our multi-class problem, it is the cross-entropy loss):
prediction = lasagne.layers.get_output(network)
loss = lasagne.objectives.categorical_crossentropy(prediction, target_var)
loss = loss.mean()
# We could add some weight decay as well here, see lasagne.regularization.
# Create update expressions for training, i.e., how to modify the
# parameters at each training step. Here, we'll use Stochastic Gradient
# Descent (SGD) with Nesterov momentum, but Lasagne offers plenty more.
params = lasagne.layers.get_all_params(network, trainable=True)
grad_updates, param_updates, grad_shared = updates.nesterov_momentum(
loss, params, learning_rate=0.01, momentum=0.9)
# updates = lasagne.updates.nesterov_momentum(
# loss, params, learning_rate=0.01, momentum=0.9)
# Create a loss expression for validation/testing. The crucial difference
# here is that we do a deterministic forward pass through the network,
# disabling dropout layers.
test_prediction = lasagne.layers.get_output(network, deterministic=True)
test_loss = lasagne.objectives.categorical_crossentropy(
test_prediction, target_var)
test_loss = test_loss.mean()
# As a bonus, also create an expression for the classification accuracy:
test_acc = T.mean(T.eq(T.argmax(test_prediction, axis=1), target_var),
dtype=theano.config.floatX)
# Make GPU variables to hold the data.
s_input_train = theano.shared(X_train[:len(X_train) // n_gpu])
s_target_train = theano.shared(y_train[:len(y_train) // n_gpu])
s_input_val = theano.shared(X_val[:len(X_val) // n_gpu])
s_target_val = theano.shared(y_val[:len(y_val) // n_gpu])
# Compile a function performing a training step on a mini-batch (by giving
# the updates dictionary) and returning the corresponding training loss:
train_grad_fn = synk.function(
inputs=[],
outputs=loss,
givens=[(input_var, s_input_train), (target_var, s_target_train)],
sliceable_shareds=[s_input_train, s_target_train],
updates=grad_updates)
train_update_fn = synk.function([], updates=param_updates)
# train_fn = theano.function([input_var, target_var], loss, updates=updates)
# Compile a second function computing the validation loss and accuracy:
val_fn = synk.function(inputs=[],
givens=[(input_var, s_input_val),
(target_var, s_target_val)],
sliceable_shareds=[s_input_val, s_target_val],
outputs=[test_loss, test_acc])
# val_fn = theano.function([input_var, target_var], [test_loss, test_acc])
# Don't bother to put test data on GPU ahead of time.
test_fn = synk.function([input_var, target_var],
outputs=[test_loss, test_acc])
# After building all functions, give them to workers.
synk.distribute()
# Put data into OS shared memory for worker access.
X_test, y_test = test_fn.build_inputs(X_test, y_test)
print("Scattering data to GPUs.")
scatter_vars = [s_input_train, s_target_train, s_input_val, s_target_val]
scatter_vals = [X_train, y_train, X_val, y_val]
synk.scatter(scatter_vars, scatter_vals)
train_worker_len = min(synk.get_lengths(s_target_train))
worker_batch_size = batch_size // n_gpu
# Finally, launch the training loop.
print("Starting training...")
# We iterate over epochs:
for epoch in range(num_epochs):
# In each epoch, we do a full pass over the training data:
train_err = 0
train_batches = 0
start_time = time.time()
# for batch in iterate_minibatches(X_train, y_train, batch_size, shuffle=True):
for batch in iterate_minibatch_indices(train_worker_len,
worker_batch_size,
shuffle=True):
train_err += train_grad_fn(batch_s=batch)
synk.all_reduce(grad_shared) # (averges)
train_update_fn()
train_batches += 1
# And a full pass over the validation data:
# val_err = 0
# val_acc = 0
# val_batches = 0
# for batch in iterate_minibatches(X_val, y_val, batch_size, shuffle=False):
# inputs, targets = batch
# err, acc = val_fn(inputs, targets)
# val_err += err
# val_acc += acc
# val_batches += 1
val_err, val_acc = val_fn(num_slices=4)
# Then we print the results for this epoch:
print("Epoch {} of {} took {:.3f}s".format(epoch + 1, num_epochs,
time.time() - start_time))
print(" training loss:\t\t{:.6f}".format(train_err / train_batches))
print(" validation loss:\t\t{:.6f}".format(float(val_err)))
print(" validation accuracy:\t\t{:.2f} %".format(
float(val_acc) * 100))
# After training, we compute and print the test error:
# test_err = 0
# test_acc = 0
# test_batches = 0
# for batch in iterate_minibatches(X_test, y_test, batch_size, shuffle=False):
# inputs, targets = batch
# err, acc = val_fn(inputs, targets)
# test_err += err
# test_acc += acc
# test_batches += 1
test_err, test_acc = test_fn(X_test, y_test, num_slices=4)
print("Final results:")
print(" test loss:\t\t\t{:.6f}".format(float(test_err)))
print(" test accuracy:\t\t{:.2f} %".format(float(test_acc) * 100))
import numpy as np
import theano
import theano.tensor as T
import synkhronos as synk
synk.fork(2)
s_init = np.ones(2, dtype='float32')
x = T.matrix('x')
s = theano.shared(s_init, name='s')
f = synk.function([x], updates=[(s, T.sum(x * s, axis=0))])
synk.distribute()
x_dat = synk.data(np.array([[1, 1], [2, 2], [3, 3], [4, 4]]).astype('float32'))
print("\ns initial:\n", s.get_value())
f.as_theano(x_dat.data)
print("\ns after Theano call:\n", s.get_value())
s.set_value(s_init)
f(x_dat)
print("\nlocal s after reset and Synkhronos call:\n", s.get_value())
gathered_s = synk.gather(s, nd_up=1)
print("\ngathered s:\n", gathered_s)
synk.reduce(s, op="sum")
print("\nlocal s after in-place reduce:\n", s.get_value())
gathered_s = synk.gather(s, nd_up=1)
print("\ngathered s after reduce:\n", gathered_s)
synk.broadcast(s, s_init)