def construct(self):
words = TextMobject([
"One does not simply define the limit \\\\ \
of a sequence of", "curves", "\\dots"
])
top_words = TextMobject(["curves", "are functions"]).to_edge(UP)
curves1 = words.split()[1]
curves2 = top_words.split()[0]
words.ingest_submobjects()
number = TexMobject("0.27")
pair = TexMobject("(0.53, 0.02)")
pair.next_to(number, buff=2)
arrow = Arrow(number, pair)
Mobject(number, arrow, pair).center().shift(UP)
number_line = UnitInterval()
number_line.stretch_to_fit_width(5)
number_line.to_edge(LEFT).shift(DOWN)
grid = Grid(4, 4).scale(0.4)
grid.next_to(number_line, buff=2)
low_arrow = Arrow(number_line, grid)
self.play(ShimmerIn(words))
self.dither()
self.play(FadeOut(words), ApplyMethod(curves1.replace, curves2),
ShimmerIn(top_words.split()[1]))
self.dither()
self.play(FadeIn(number))
self.play(ShowCreation(arrow))
self.play(FadeIn(pair))
self.dither()
self.play(ShowCreation(number_line))
self.play(ShowCreation(low_arrow))
self.play(ShowCreation(grid))
self.dither()
def add_arrows(self, true_length = False):
if not hasattr(self, "function"):
raise Exception("Must run use_function first")
points = self.get_points(self.arrow_spacing)
points = filter(
lambda p : np.linalg.norm(self.function(p)) > 0.01,
points
)
angles = map(angle_of_vector, map(self.function, points))
prototype = Arrow(
ORIGIN, RIGHT*self.arrow_spacing/2.,
color = self.arrow_color,
tip_length = 0.1,
buff = 0
)
arrows = []
for point in points:
arrow = prototype.copy()
output = self.function(point)
if true_length:
arrow.scale(np.linalg.norm(output))
arrow.rotate(angle_of_vector(output))
arrow.shift(point)
arrows.append(arrow)
self.arrows = Mobject(*arrows)
self.play(ShowCreation(self.arrows))
self.dither()
def discontinuous_point(self):
point_description = TextMobject("Point where the function jumps")
point_description.shift(3 * RIGHT)
discontinuous_at_A = TextMobject("``Discontinuous at A''",
size="\\Large")
discontinuous_at_A.shift(2 * UP).to_edge(LEFT)
text = TextMobject("""
Circle around ouput \\\\
points can never \\\\
be smaller than \\\\
the jump
""")
text.scale(0.75)
text.shift(3.5 * RIGHT)
input_value = 0.5
input_radius = 0.04
vary_circles = VaryCircles(
self,
input_value,
input_radius,
run_time=5,
)
for dot in self.input_dot, self.output_dot:
dot.center()
kwargs = {
"rate_func": lambda t: interpolate(0.45, input_value, smooth(t))
}
self.play(Homotopy(self.input_homotopy, self.input_dot, **kwargs),
Homotopy(self.output_homotopy, self.output_dot, **kwargs))
discontinuous_arrow = Arrow(discontinuous_at_A, self.input_dot)
arrow = Arrow(point_description,
self.output_dot,
buff=0.05,
color=self.output_color)
self.play(ShimmerIn(point_description), ShowCreation(arrow))
self.dither()
self.remove(point_description, arrow)
tup = self.get_circles_and_points(input_value - input_radius,
input_value + input_radius)
input_circle, input_points, output_circle, output_points = tup
input_points_copy = input_points.copy()
self.play(ShowCreation(input_circle))
self.play(ShowCreation(input_points))
self.play(Transform(input_points_copy, output_points), run_time=2)
self.play(ShowCreation(output_circle))
self.dither()
self.play(ShimmerIn(text))
self.remove(input_circle, input_points, output_circle,
input_points_copy)
self.play(vary_circles)
self.dither()
self.play(ShimmerIn(discontinuous_at_A),
ShowCreation(discontinuous_arrow))
self.dither(3)
self.remove(vary_circles.mobject, discontinuous_at_A,
discontinuous_arrow)
def construct(self, order):
if order == 2:
result_tex = "(0.125, 0.75)"
elif order == 3:
result_tex = "(0.0758, 0.6875)"
phc, arg, result = TexMobject([
"\\text{PHC}_%d"%order,
"(0.3)",
"= %s"%result_tex
]).to_edge(UP).split()
function = TextMobject("Function", size = "\\normal")
function.shift(phc.get_center()+DOWN+2*LEFT)
function_arrow = Arrow(function, phc)
line = Line(5*LEFT, 5*RIGHT)
curve = HilbertCurve(order = order)
line.match_colors(curve)
grid = Grid(2**order, 2**order)
grid.fade()
for mob in curve, grid:
mob.scale(0.7)
index = int(0.3*line.get_num_points())
dot1 = Dot(line.points[index])
arrow1 = Arrow(arg, dot1, buff = 0.1)
dot2 = Dot(curve.points[index])
arrow2 = Arrow(result.get_bottom(), dot2, buff = 0.1)
self.add(phc)
self.play(
ShimmerIn(function),
ShowCreation(function_arrow)
)
self.wait()
self.remove(function_arrow, function)
self.play(ShowCreation(line))
self.wait()
self.play(
ShimmerIn(arg),
ShowCreation(arrow1),
ShowCreation(dot1)
)
self.wait()
self.remove(arrow1)
self.play(
FadeIn(grid),
Transform(line, curve),
Transform(dot1, dot2),
run_time = 2
)
self.wait()
self.play(
ShimmerIn(result),
ShowCreation(arrow2)
)
self.wait()
def draw_circles(self):
input_value = 0.45
input_radius = 0.04
for dot in self.input_dot, self.output_dot:
dot.center()
kwargs = {
"rate_func" : lambda t : interpolate(1, input_value, smooth(t))
}
self.play(
Homotopy(self.input_homotopy, self.input_dot, **kwargs),
Homotopy(self.output_homotopy, self.output_dot, **kwargs)
)
A, B = map(Mobject.get_center, [self.input_dot, self.output_dot])
A_text = TextMobject("A")
A_text.shift(A+2*(LEFT+UP))
A_arrow = Arrow(
A_text, self.input_dot,
color = self.input_color
)
B_text = TextMobject("B")
B_text.shift(B+2*RIGHT+DOWN)
B_arrow = Arrow(
B_text, self.output_dot,
color = self.output_color
)
tup = self.get_circles_and_points(
input_value-input_radius,
input_value+input_radius
)
input_circle, input_points, output_circle, output_points = tup
for text, arrow in [(A_text, A_arrow), (B_text, B_arrow)]:
self.play(
ShimmerIn(text),
ShowCreation(arrow)
)
self.wait()
self.remove(A_text, A_arrow, B_text, B_arrow)
self.play(ShowCreation(input_circle))
self.wait()
self.play(ShowCreation(input_points))
self.wait()
input_points_copy = input_points.copy()
self.play(
Transform(input_points_copy, output_points),
run_time = 2
)
self.wait()
self.play(ShowCreation(output_circle))
self.wait()
self.wait()
self.remove(*[
input_circle, input_points,
output_circle, input_points_copy
])
def construct(self):
val = 0.3
text = TextMobject([
"PHC", "$_n", "(", "%3.1f"%val, ")$",
" has a ", "limit point ", "as $n \\to \\infty$"
])
func_parts = text.copy().split()[:5]
Mobject(*func_parts).center().to_edge(UP)
num_str, val_str = func_parts[1], func_parts[3]
curve = UnitInterval()
curve.sort_points(lambda p : p[0])
dot = Dot().shift(curve.number_to_point(val))
arrow = Arrow(val_str, dot, buff = 0.1)
curve.add_numbers(0, 1)
self.play(ShowCreation(curve))
self.play(
ShimmerIn(val_str),
ShowCreation(arrow),
ShowCreation(dot)
)
self.wait()
self.play(
FadeOut(arrow),
*[
FadeIn(func_parts[i])
for i in 0, 1, 2, 4
]
)
for num in range(2,9):
new_curve = HilbertCurve(order = num)
new_curve.scale(0.8)
new_dot = Dot(new_curve.points[int(val*new_curve.get_num_points())])
new_num_str = TexMobject(str(num)).replace(num_str)
self.play(
Transform(curve, new_curve),
Transform(dot, new_dot),
Transform(num_str, new_num_str)
)
self.wait()
text.to_edge(UP)
text_parts = text.split()
for index in 1, -1:
text_parts[index].highlight()
starters = Mobject(*func_parts + [
Point(mob.get_center(), stroke_width=1)
for mob in text_parts[5:]
])
self.play(Transform(starters, text))
arrow = Arrow(text_parts[-2].get_bottom(), dot, buff = 0.1)
self.play(ShowCreation(arrow))
self.wait()
def construct(self):
grid = get_grid()
grid.scale_to_fit_width(6)
grid.to_edge(LEFT)
freq_line = get_freq_line()
freq_line.scale_to_fit_width(6)
freq_line.center().to_edge(RIGHT)
arrow = Arrow(grid, freq_line)
color1, color2 = YELLOW_C, RED
square_length = 0.01
dot1 = Dot(color = color1)
dot1.shift(3*RIGHT)
dot2 = Dot(color = color2)
dot2.shift(3.1*RIGHT)
arrow1 = Arrow(2*RIGHT+UP, dot1, color = color1, buff = 0.1)
arrow2 = Arrow(4*RIGHT+UP, dot2, color = color2, buff = 0.1)
dot3, arrow3 = [
mob.copy().shift(5*LEFT+UP)
for mob in dot1, arrow1
]
dot4, arrow4 = [
mob.copy().shift(5*LEFT+0.9*UP)
for mob in dot2, arrow2
]
self.add(grid, freq_line, arrow)
self.dither()
self.play(ApplyMethod(
arrow.rotate, np.pi,
path_func = clockwise_path()
))
self.dither()
self.play(ShowCreation(arrow1))
self.add(dot1)
self.play(ShowCreation(arrow2))
self.add(dot2)
self.dither()
self.remove(arrow1, arrow2)
self.play(
Transform(dot1, dot3),
Transform(dot2, dot4)
)
self.play(
ApplyMethod(grid.fade, 0.8),
Animation(Mobject(dot3, dot4))
)
self.play(ShowCreation(arrow3))
self.play(ShowCreation(arrow4))
self.dither()
def finite_analog(self, left_mob, arrow, right_mob):
self.clear()
self.add(left_mob, arrow, right_mob)
ex = TextMobject("\\times")
ex.highlight(RED)
# ex.shift(arrow.get_center())
middle = TexMobject("\\sum_{n=0}^N 2^n \\equiv -1 \\mod 2^{N+1}")
finite_analog = TextMobject("Finite analog")
finite_analog.scale(0.8)
brace = Brace(middle, UP)
finite_analog.next_to(brace, UP)
new_left = left_mob.copy().to_edge(LEFT)
new_right = right_mob.copy().to_edge(RIGHT)
left_arrow, right_arrow = [
Arrow(mob1.get_right()[0] * RIGHT,
mob2.get_left()[0] * RIGHT,
buff=0)
for mob1, mob2 in [(new_left, middle), (middle, new_right)]
]
for mob in ex, middle:
mob.sort_points(np.linalg.norm)
self.play(GrowFromCenter(ex))
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(left_mob, new_left),
Transform(arrow.copy(), left_arrow),
DelayByOrder(Transform(ex, middle)),
Transform(arrow, right_arrow),
Transform(right_mob, new_right))
self.play(GrowFromCenter(brace), ShimmerIn(finite_analog))
self.wait()
self.equivalence(left_mob, left_arrow,
Mobject(middle, brace, finite_analog))
def show_angles(self):
words = TextMobject("""
Let's see what happens as we change
the angle in this seed
""")
words.to_edge(UP)
koch, sharper_koch, duller_koch = curves = [
CurveClass(order=1)
for CurveClass in StraightKoch, SharperKoch, DullerKoch
]
arcs = [
Arc(2 * (np.pi / 2 - curve.angle),
radius=r,
start_angle=np.pi + curve.angle).shift(
curve.points[curve.get_num_points() / 2])
for curve, r in zip(curves, [0.6, 0.7, 0.4])
]
theta = TexMobject("\\theta")
theta.shift(arcs[0].get_center() + 2.5 * DOWN)
arrow = Arrow(theta, arcs[0])
self.add(words, koch)
self.play(ShowCreation(arcs[0]))
self.play(ShowCreation(arrow), ShimmerIn(theta))
self.wait(2)
self.remove(theta, arrow)
self.play(
Transform(koch, duller_koch),
Transform(arcs[0], arcs[2]),
)
self.play(
Transform(koch, sharper_koch),
Transform(arcs[0], arcs[1]),
)
self.clear()
def add_tip(self):
start, end = self.main_line.get_start_and_end()
vect = (end - start)/np.linalg.norm(end-start)
arrow = Arrow(start, end + MED_SMALL_BUFF*vect, buff = 0)
tip = arrow.tip
tip.highlight(self.color)
self.tip = tip
self.add(tip)
def construct(self):
text = TextMobject("""
See links in the description for more on
sight via sound.
""")
self.play(ShimmerIn(text))
self.play(ShowCreation(Arrow(text, 3*DOWN)))
self.dither(2)
def construct(self):
val = 0.7
text = TexMobject([
"\\text{HC}(", "x", ")",
"=\\lim_{n \\to \\infty}\\text{PHC}_n(", "x", ")"
])
text.to_edge(UP)
x1 = text.split()[1]
x2 = text.split()[-2]
x2.highlight(BLUE)
explanation = TextMobject("Actual Hilbert curve function")
exp_arrow = Arrow(explanation, text.split()[0])
curve = UnitInterval()
dot = Dot(curve.number_to_point(val))
x_arrow = Arrow(x1.get_bottom(), dot, buff = 0)
curve.sort_points(lambda p : p[0])
curve.add_numbers(0, 1)
self.add(*text.split()[:3])
self.play(
ShimmerIn(explanation),
ShowCreation(exp_arrow)
)
self.wait()
self.remove(explanation, exp_arrow)
self.play(ShowCreation(curve))
self.play(
ApplyMethod(x1.highlight, BLUE),
ShowCreation(x_arrow),
ShowCreation(dot)
)
self.wait()
self.remove(x_arrow)
limit = Mobject(*text.split()[3:]).ingest_submobjects()
limit.stroke_width = 1
self.play(ShimmerIn(limit))
for num in range(1, 9):
new_curve = HilbertCurve(order = num)
new_curve.scale(0.8)
new_dot = Dot(new_curve.points[int(val*new_curve.get_num_points())])
self.play(
Transform(curve, new_curve),
Transform(dot, new_dot),
)
def construct(self):
time_line = get_time_line()
time_line.shift(-time_line.number_to_point(1900))
hilbert_curve = HilbertCurve(order = 3)
peano_curve = PeanoCurve(order = 2)
for curve in hilbert_curve, peano_curve:
curve.scale(0.5)
hilbert_curve.to_corner(DOWN+RIGHT)
peano_curve.to_corner(UP+LEFT)
squares = Mobject(*[
Square(side_length=3, color=WHITE).replace(curve)
for curve in hilbert_curve, peano_curve
])
self.add(time_line)
self.dither()
for year, curve, vect, text in [
(1890, peano_curve, UP, "Peano Curve"),
(1891, hilbert_curve, DOWN, "Hilbert Curve"),
]:
point = time_line.number_to_point(year)
point[1] = 0.2
arrow = Arrow(point+2*vect, point, buff = 0.1)
arrow.gradient_highlight(curve.start_color, curve.end_color)
year_mob = TexMobject(str(year))
year_mob.next_to(arrow, vect)
words = TextMobject(text)
words.next_to(year_mob, vect)
self.play(
ShowCreation(arrow),
ShimmerIn(year_mob),
ShimmerIn(words)
)
self.play(ShowCreation(curve))
self.dither()
self.play(ShowCreation(squares))
self.dither()
self.play(ApplyMethod(
Mobject(*self.mobjects).shift, 20*(DOWN+RIGHT)
))
def construct(self):
time_line = get_time_line()
time_line.shift(-time_line.number_to_point(1900))
hilbert_curve = HilbertCurve(order = 3)
peano_curve = PeanoCurve(order = 2)
for curve in hilbert_curve, peano_curve:
curve.scale(0.5)
hilbert_curve.to_corner(DOWN+RIGHT)
peano_curve.to_corner(UP+LEFT)
squares = Mobject(*[
Square(side_length=3, color=WHITE).replace(curve)
for curve in hilbert_curve, peano_curve
])
self.add(time_line)
self.wait()
for year, curve, vect, text in [
(1890, peano_curve, UP, "Peano Curve"),
(1891, hilbert_curve, DOWN, "Hilbert Curve"),
]:
point = time_line.number_to_point(year)
point[1] = 0.2
arrow = Arrow(point+2*vect, point, buff = 0.1)
arrow.gradient_highlight(curve.start_color, curve.end_color)
year_mob = TexMobject(str(year))
year_mob.next_to(arrow, vect)
words = TextMobject(text)
words.next_to(year_mob, vect)
self.play(
ShowCreation(arrow),
ShimmerIn(year_mob),
ShimmerIn(words)
)
self.play(ShowCreation(curve))
self.wait()
self.play(ShowCreation(squares))
self.wait()
self.play(ApplyMethod(
Mobject(*self.mobjects).shift, 20*(DOWN+RIGHT)
))
def construct(self):
all_points = TextMobject("$f$ is continuous at every input point")
continuous = TextMobject("$f$ is continuous")
all_points.shift(UP)
continuous.shift(DOWN)
arrow = Arrow(all_points, continuous)
self.play(ShimmerIn(all_points))
self.play(ShowCreation(arrow))
self.play(ShimmerIn(continuous))
self.wait()
def construct(self):
freq_line = get_freq_line()
self.add(freq_line)
self.dither()
for tex, vect in zip(["20 Hz", "20{,}000 Hz"], [LEFT, RIGHT]):
tex_mob = TextMobject(tex)
tex_mob.to_edge(vect)
tex_mob.shift(UP)
arrow = Arrow(tex_mob, freq_line.get_edge_center(vect))
self.play(ShimmerIn(tex_mob), ShowCreation(arrow))
self.dither()
def construct(self):
top_words = TextMobject("Different pixel-frequency association")
bottom_words = TextMobject("Need to relearn sight-via-sound")
top_words.shift(UP)
bottom_words.shift(DOWN)
arrow = Arrow(top_words, bottom_words)
self.play(ShimmerIn(top_words))
self.dither()
self.play(ShowCreation(arrow))
self.play(ShimmerIn(bottom_words))
self.dither()
def construct(self):
mathy, bubble = get_mathy_and_bubble()
squiggle_mouth = mathy.mouth.copy()
squiggle_mouth.apply_function(
lambda (x, y, z) : (x, y+0.02*np.sin(50*x), z)
)
bubble.ingest_submobjects()
bubble.write("Why not use a Hilbert curve \\textinterrobang ")
words1 = bubble.content
bubble.write("So, it's not one curve but an infinite family of curves \\dots")
words2 = bubble.content
bubble.write("Well, no, it \\emph{is} just one thing, but I need \\\\ \
to tell you about a certain infinite family first.")
words3 = bubble.content
description = TextMobject("Mathematician friend", size = "\\small")
description.next_to(mathy, buff = 2)
arrow = Arrow(description, mathy)
self.add(mathy)
self.play(
ShowCreation(arrow),
ShimmerIn(description)
)
self.dither()
point = Point(bubble.get_tip())
self.play(
Transform(point, bubble),
)
self.remove(point)
self.add(bubble)
self.play(ShimmerIn(words1))
self.dither()
self.remove(description, arrow)
self.play(
Transform(mathy.mouth, squiggle_mouth),
ApplyMethod(mathy.arm.wag, 0.2*RIGHT, LEFT),
)
self.remove(words1)
self.add(words2)
self.dither(2)
self.remove(words2)
self.add(words3)
self.dither(2)
self.play(
ApplyPointwiseFunction(
lambda p : 15*p/np.linalg.norm(p),
bubble
),
ApplyMethod(mathy.shift, 5*(DOWN+LEFT)),
FadeOut(words3),
run_time = 3
)
def construct(self):
old_newton = ImageMobject("Old_Newton", invert=False)
old_newton.scale(0.8)
self.add(old_newton)
self.freeze_background()
words = TextMobject("Note the displeasure")
words.to_corner(UP + RIGHT)
face_point = 1.8 * UP + 0.5 * LEFT
arrow = Arrow(words.get_bottom(), face_point)
self.play(ShimmerIn(words))
self.play(ShowCreation(arrow))
self.wait()
def construct(self):
big_grid_dim = 20.
small_grid_dim = 6.
big_grid = Grid(64, 64, height=big_grid_dim, width=big_grid_dim)
big_grid.to_corner(UP + RIGHT, buff=2)
small_grid = big_grid.copy()
small_grid.scale(small_grid_dim / big_grid_dim)
small_grid.center()
pixel = MobjectFromRegion(
region_from_polygon_vertices(
*0.2 *
np.array([RIGHT + DOWN, RIGHT + UP, LEFT + UP, LEFT + DOWN])))
pixel.set_color(WHITE)
pixel_width = big_grid.width / big_grid.columns
pixel.scale_to_fit_width(pixel_width)
pixel.to_corner(UP + RIGHT, buff=2)
pixel.shift(5 * pixel_width * (2 * LEFT + DOWN))
freq_line = get_freq_line()
dot = Dot()
dot.shift(freq_line.get_center() + 2 * RIGHT)
string = Line(LEFT, RIGHT, color=GREEN)
arrow = Arrow(dot, string.get_center())
vibration_config = {
"overtones": 1,
"spatial_period": 2,
}
vibration, loud_vibration, quiet_vibration = [
Vibrate(string.copy(), amplitude=a, **vibration_config)
for a in [0.5, 1., 0.25]
]
self.add(small_grid)
self.dither()
self.play(Transform(small_grid, big_grid))
self.play(FadeIn(pixel))
self.dither()
self.play(FadeOut(small_grid), ShowCreation(freq_line))
self.remove(small_grid)
self.play(Transform(pixel, dot), )
self.dither()
self.play(ShowCreation(arrow))
self.play(loud_vibration)
self.play(TransformAnimations(loud_vibration, quiet_vibration),
ApplyMethod(dot.fade, 0.9))
self.clear()
self.add(freq_line, dot, arrow)
self.play(quiet_vibration)
def vary_circle_sizes(self):
input_value = 0.45
radius = 0.04
vary_circles = VaryCircles(
self,
input_value,
radius,
run_time=5,
)
self.play(vary_circles)
self.dither()
text = TextMobject("Function is ``Continuous at A''")
text.shift(2 * UP).to_edge(LEFT)
arrow = Arrow(text, self.input_dot)
self.play(ShimmerIn(text), ShowCreation(arrow))
self.dither()
self.remove(vary_circles.mobject, text, arrow)
def construct(self):
words = TextMobject("Would this actually work?")
grid = get_grid()
grid.scale_to_fit_width(6)
grid.to_edge(LEFT)
freq_line = get_freq_line()
freq_line.scale_to_fit_width(6)
freq_line.center().to_edge(RIGHT)
mapping = Mobject(grid, freq_line, Arrow(grid, freq_line))
mapping.ingest_sub_mobjects()
lower_left = Point().to_corner(DOWN + LEFT, buff=0)
lower_right = Point().to_corner(DOWN + RIGHT, buff=0)
self.add(words)
self.dither()
self.play(Transform(words, lower_right),
Transform(lower_left, mapping))
self.dither()
def construct(self):
axes = XYZAxes()
axes.highlight(WHITE)
plane = NumberPlane()
vects = [
Arrow(point, point+(3./27)*(3*x**2-3*y**2)*OUT, color = MAROON_D)
for x in range(-4, 5, 2)
for y in range(-5, 5, 2)
for point in [x*RIGHT + y*UP]
]
everybody = Mobject(axes, plane, *vects)
self.play(ApplyMethod(
everybody.rotate, 0.9*np.pi/2, RIGHT
))
self.dither()
self.play(ApplyMethod(
everybody.rotate,
np.pi/2,
run_time = 5
))
def get_digit_increment_animations(self):
result = []
self.number += 1
is_next_digit = self.is_next_digit()
if is_next_digit: self.max_place += 1
new_number_mob = self.get_number_mob(self.number)
new_number_mob.move_to(self.number_mob, RIGHT)
if is_next_digit:
self.add_configuration()
place = len(new_number_mob.split()) - 1
result.append(FadeIn(self.dot_templates[place]))
arrow = Arrow(new_number_mob[place].get_top(),
self.dot_templates[place].get_bottom(),
color=self.digit_place_colors[place])
self.arrows.add(arrow)
result.append(ShowCreation(arrow))
result.append(
Transform(self.number_mob,
new_number_mob,
submobject_mode="lagged_start"))
return result
def construct(self):
left_words = TextMobject("Infinite result")
right_words = TextMobject("Finite world")
for words in left_words, right_words:
words.scale(0.8)
left_formula = TexMobject("\\sum_{n = 0}^{\\infty} 2^n = -1")
right_formula = TexMobject("111\\cdots111")
for formula in left_formula, right_formula:
formula.add(Brace(formula, UP), )
formula.ingest_submobjects()
right_overwords = TextMobject("\\substack{\
\\text{How computers} \\\\ \
\\text{represent $-1$}\
}").scale(1.5)
left_mobs = [left_words, left_formula]
right_mobs = [right_words, right_formula]
for mob in left_mobs:
mob.to_edge(RIGHT, buff=1)
mob.shift(SPACE_WIDTH * LEFT)
for mob in right_mobs:
mob.to_edge(LEFT, buff=1)
mob.shift(SPACE_WIDTH * RIGHT)
arrow = Arrow(left_words, right_words)
right_overwords.next_to(right_formula, UP)
self.play(ShimmerIn(left_words))
self.play(ShowCreation(arrow))
self.play(ShimmerIn(right_words))
self.wait()
self.play(ShimmerIn(left_formula),
ApplyMethod(left_words.next_to, left_formula, UP))
self.wait()
self.play(ShimmerIn(right_formula),
Transform(right_words, right_overwords))
self.wait()
self.finite_analog(Mobject(left_formula, left_words), arrow,
Mobject(right_formula, right_words))
def construct(self):
grid = Grid(64, 64)
space_region = Region()
space_mobject = MobjectFromRegion(space_region, DARK_GREY)
curve = PeanoCurve(order = 5).replace(space_mobject)
line = Line(5*LEFT, 5*RIGHT)
line.gradient_highlight(curve.start_color, curve.end_color)
for mob in grid, space_mobject:
mob.sort_points(np.linalg.norm)
infinitely = TextMobject("Infinitely")
detailed = TextMobject("detailed")
extending = TextMobject("extending")
detailed.next_to(infinitely, RIGHT)
extending.next_to(infinitely, RIGHT)
Mobject(extending, infinitely, detailed).center()
arrows = Mobject(*[
Arrow(2*p, 4*p)
for theta in np.arange(np.pi/6, 2*np.pi, np.pi/3)
for p in [rotate_vector(RIGHT, theta)]
])
self.add(grid)
self.wait()
self.play(Transform(grid, space_mobject, run_time = 5))
self.remove(grid)
self.highlight_region(space_region, DARK_GREY)
self.wait()
self.add(infinitely, detailed)
self.wait()
self.play(DelayByOrder(Transform(detailed, extending)))
self.play(ShowCreation(arrows))
self.wait()
self.clear()
self.highlight_region(space_region, DARK_GREY)
self.play(ShowCreation(line))
self.play(Transform(line, curve, run_time = 5))
def get_vector(self, coords, **kwargs):
point = coords[0]*RIGHT + coords[1]*UP
arrow = Arrow(ORIGIN, coords, **kwargs)
return arrow