def determine_specular_contribution(l_dir, l_dot_n, normal, eye_position,
off_pt, light, sphere_finish, ray,
inter_list):
reflection_vect = vector_math.difference_vector(
l_dir, vector_math.scale_vector(normal, 2 * l_dot_n))
v_dir = vector_math.normalize_vector(
vector_math.vector_from_to(eye_position, off_pt))
spec_intensity = vector_math.dot_vector(reflection_vect, v_dir)
def compute_spec(color_comp):
return (color_comp * sphere_finish.specular *
(spec_intensity**(1 / sphere_finish.roughness)))
if spec_intensity > 0:
r_comp = compute_spec(light.color.r)
g_comp = compute_spec(light.color.g)
b_comp = compute_spec(light.color.b)
if inter_list == []:
return [r_comp, g_comp, b_comp]
else:
dist_pt_to_light = distance(off_pt, light.pt)
nearest_point = find_nearest(inter_list, ray)
if distance(off_pt, nearest_point) < dist_pt_to_light:
return [0, 0, 0]
else:
return [r_comp, g_comp, b_comp]
else:
return [0, 0, 0]
def determine_specular_contribution(l_dir,l_dot_n,normal,eye_position,
off_pt,light,sphere_finish,ray,
inter_list):
reflection_vect = vector_math.difference_vector(l_dir,
vector_math.scale_vector(normal,
2 * l_dot_n))
v_dir = vector_math.normalize_vector(
vector_math.vector_from_to(eye_position,off_pt))
spec_intensity = vector_math.dot_vector(reflection_vect,v_dir)
def compute_spec(color_comp):
return (color_comp * sphere_finish.specular *
(spec_intensity ** (1 / sphere_finish.roughness)))
if spec_intensity > 0:
r_comp = compute_spec(light.color.r)
g_comp = compute_spec(light.color.g)
b_comp = compute_spec(light.color.b)
if inter_list == []:
return [r_comp,g_comp,b_comp]
else:
dist_pt_to_light = distance(off_pt,light.pt)
nearest_point = find_nearest(inter_list,ray)
if distance(off_pt,nearest_point) < dist_pt_to_light:
return [0,0,0]
else:
return [r_comp,g_comp,b_comp]
else:
return [0,0,0]
def test_difference_vector_2(self):
v1 = data.Vector(1.0, 2.0, 3.0)
v2 = data.Vector(1.0, 2.0, 3.0)
v3 = vector_math.difference_vector(v1, v2)
self.assertAlmostEqual(v3.x, 0.0)
self.assertAlmostEqual(v3.y, 0.0)
self.assertAlmostEqual(v3.z, 0.0)
def getSpecular(ray, intersection_list, light, point):
closest = findClosestSphere(ray, intersection_list)
csphere = closest[0]
cpoint = closest[1]
n_vector = collisions.sphere_normal_at_point(csphere, cpoint)
scaled_vector = vector_math.scale_vector(n_vector, 0.01)
p_e = vector_math.translate_point(cpoint, scaled_vector)
light_vector = vector_math.vector_from_to(p_e, light.pt)
L_dir = vector_math.normalize_vector(light_vector)
light_dot_product = vector_math.dot_vector(n_vector, L_dir)
#gets spec values
n_scale = vector_math.scale_vector(n_vector, (2 * light_dot_product))
reflection = vector_math.difference_vector(L_dir, n_scale)
pe_eyevec = vector_math.normalize_vector(
vector_math.difference_point(p_e, point))
specularIntensity = vector_math.dot_vector(pe_eyevec, reflection)
if specularIntensity > 0:
sphere_spec = csphere.finish.specular
sphere_rough = csphere.finish.roughness
specCont_r = (light.color.r * sphere_spec) * (specularIntensity**(
1 / float(sphere_rough)))
specCont_g = (light.color.g * sphere_spec) * (specularIntensity**(
1 / float(sphere_rough)))
specCont_b = (light.color.b * sphere_spec) * (specularIntensity**(
1 / float(sphere_rough)))
else:
specCont_r = 0
specCont_g = 0
specCont_b = 0
return (specCont_r, specCont_g, specCont_b)
def cast_ray(ray, sphere_list, color, light):
"""Find the rendered color at the nearest intersection point along ray"""
nearest = closest_intersect(ray, sphere_list)
if not nearest:
# No intersection, return white
return Color(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
point, sphere = nearest
# Compute initial ambient colors
r = sphere.color.r * sphere.finish.ambient * color.r
g = sphere.color.g * sphere.finish.ambient * color.g
b = sphere.color.b * sphere.finish.ambient * color.b
# Calculate diffuse value
normal = sphere_normal_at_point(sphere, point)
to_light = normalize_vector(vector_from_to(point, light.pt))
l_dot = dot_vector(normal, to_light)
diffuse = sphere.finish.diffuse * l_dot
if diffuse < 0:
diffuse = 0
else:
# Check for shadows
new_point = translate_point(point, scale_vector(normal, 0.01))
light_ray = Ray(new_point, to_light)
shadow_intersect = closest_intersect(light_ray, sphere_list)
if (shadow_intersect and
length_vector_sq(vector_from_to(new_point, shadow_intersect[0]))
< length_vector_sq(vector_from_to(new_point, light.pt))):
diffuse = 0
# Add diffuse to existing colors
r += sphere.color.r * diffuse * light.color.r
g += sphere.color.g * diffuse * light.color.g
b += sphere.color.b * diffuse * light.color.b
# Compute specular intensity
if diffuse > 0:
reflection = difference_vector(to_light, scale_vector(normal, 2 * l_dot))
intensity = dot_vector(reflection, normalize_vector(ray.dir))
power = 1. / sphere.finish.roughness
if intensity > 0:
r += light.color.r * sphere.finish.specular * intensity ** power
g += light.color.g * sphere.finish.specular * intensity ** power
b += light.color.b * sphere.finish.specular * intensity ** power
# Max out colors at 1.0
if r > 1:
r = 1
if g > 1:
g = 1
if b > 1:
b = 1
return Color(r, g, b)
def cast_ray(ray, sphere_list, amb, light, eye_point):
result_color = data.Color(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
# test for closest sphere to the eye
collision_tuple = find_closest_collision(ray, sphere_list)
if collision_tuple:
# some useful variables
sphere_hit = collision_tuple[0]
sphere_hit_point = collision_tuple[1]
# basic color before manipulation
result_r = sphere_hit.color.r * sphere_hit.finish.amb * amb.r
result_g = sphere_hit.color.g * sphere_hit.finish.amb * amb.g
result_b = sphere_hit.color.b * sphere_hit.finish.amb * amb.b
# computing light intensity
sphere_vector = vector_math.vector_from_to(sphere_hit.center, sphere_hit_point)
sphere_normal = vector_math.normalize_vector(sphere_vector)
scaled_normal = vector_math.scale_vector(sphere_normal, 0.01)
hit_point = vector_math.translate_point(sphere_hit_point, scaled_normal)
light_vector = vector_math.vector_from_to(hit_point, light.pt)
light_normal = vector_math.normalize_vector(light_vector)
light_scale = vector_math.dot_vector(sphere_normal, light_normal)
if light_scale > 0:
sphere_normal_ray = data.Ray(hit_point, light_normal)
possible_obstruction = find_closest_collision(sphere_normal_ray, sphere_list)
if possible_obstruction == None or distance(hit_point, possible_obstruction[1]) > distance(
hit_point, light.pt
):
result_r += sphere_hit.color.r * light_scale * light.color.r * sphere_hit.finish.diff
result_g += sphere_hit.color.g * light_scale * light.color.g * sphere_hit.finish.diff
result_b += sphere_hit.color.b * light_scale * light.color.b * sphere_hit.finish.diff
# computing specular intensity
tmp_vector = vector_math.scale_vector(sphere_normal, 2 * light_scale)
reflection_vector = vector_math.difference_vector(light_normal, tmp_vector)
eye_vector = vector_math.vector_from_to(eye_point, hit_point)
eye_normal = vector_math.normalize_vector(eye_vector)
spec_scale = vector_math.dot_vector(reflection_vector, eye_normal)
if spec_scale > 0:
result_r += light.color.r * sphere_hit.finish.spec * spec_scale ** (1 / float(sphere_hit.finish.rough))
result_g += light.color.g * sphere_hit.finish.spec * spec_scale ** (1 / float(sphere_hit.finish.rough))
result_b += light.color.b * sphere_hit.finish.spec * spec_scale ** (1 / float(sphere_hit.finish.rough))
result_color = data.Color(result_r, result_g, result_b)
return result_color
def find_specular_intensity(spherepair, light, eye_point, l_dot_n):
light_dir = vector_math.normalize_vector(vector_math.difference_point(
light.pt, spherepair[1]))
sphere_normal = collisions.sphere_normal_at_point(spherepair[0], spherepair[1])
reflection_vector = vector_math.difference_vector(light_dir,
vector_math.scale_vector(sphere_normal, 2 * l_dot_n))
view_dir = vector_math.normalize_vector(vector_math.difference_point(
spherepair[1], eye_point))
specular_intensity = vector_math.dot_vector(view_dir, reflection_vector)
return specular_intensity
def get_specular_intensity(lDir, lDirection, N, pE, light, sphere):
reflection_vector = vector_math.difference_vector(lDir, vector_math.scale_vector(N, lDirection * 2))
vDir = vector_math.vector_from_to(data.Point(0.0,0.0,-14.0), pE)
vDir = vector_math.normalize_vector(vDir)
intensity = vector_math.dot_vector(reflection_vector, vDir)
if intensity > 0:
r = light.color.r * sphere.finish.specular * intensity**(1 / sphere.finish.roughness)
g = light.color.g * sphere.finish.specular * intensity**(1 / sphere.finish.roughness)
b = light.color.b * sphere.finish.specular * intensity**(1 / sphere.finish.roughness)
color = data.Color(r,g,b)
else:
color = data.Color(0,0,0)
return color
def get_specular_intensity(lDir, lDirection, N, pE, light, sphere):
reflection_vector = vector_math.difference_vector(
lDir, vector_math.scale_vector(N, lDirection * 2))
vDir = vector_math.vector_from_to(data.Point(0.0, 0.0, -14.0), pE)
vDir = vector_math.normalize_vector(vDir)
intensity = vector_math.dot_vector(reflection_vector, vDir)
if intensity > 0:
r = light.color.r * sphere.finish.specular * intensity**(
1 / sphere.finish.roughness)
g = light.color.g * sphere.finish.specular * intensity**(
1 / sphere.finish.roughness)
b = light.color.b * sphere.finish.specular * intensity**(
1 / sphere.finish.roughness)
color = data.Color(r, g, b)
else:
color = data.Color(0, 0, 0)
return color
def cast_ray(ray, sphere_list, ambient, light, point):
a = collisions.find_intersection_points(sphere_list, ray)
if a == []:
return data.Color(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
sphere_look = a[0]
for x in a:
if distance(ray.pt, x[1]) < distance(ray.pt, sphere_look[1]):
sphere_look = x
red = sphere_look[0].color.r * sphere_look[0].finish.ambient * ambient.r
green = sphere_look[0].color.g * sphere_look[0].finish.ambient * ambient.g
blue = sphere_look[0].color.b * sphere_look[0].finish.ambient * ambient.b
n = collisions.sphere_normal_at_point(sphere_look[0], sphere_look[1])
pe = vector_math.translate_point(sphere_look[1],
vector_math.scale_vector(n, .01))
visible_ray = data.Ray(pe, vector_math.vector_from_to(pe, light.point))
ldir = vector_math.normalize_vector(visible_ray.dir)
visible = vector_math.dot_vector(ldir, n)
n = collisions.sphere_normal_at_point(sphere_look[0], sphere_look[1])
ldir_dot_n = vector_math.dot_vector(ldir, n)
reflection_vector = vector_math.difference_vector(
vector_math.scale_vector(n, ldir_dot_n * 2), ldir)
vdir = vector_math.normalize_vector(vector_math.vector_from_to(point, pe))
specular_intensity = vector_math.dot_vector(reflection_vector, vdir)
if visible > 0:
if collisions.find_intersection_points(sphere_list, visible_ray) == []:
red += (visible * light.color.r * sphere_look[0].color.r *
sphere_look[0].finish.diffuse)
green += (visible * light.color.g * sphere_look[0].color.g *
sphere_look[0].finish.diffuse)
blue += (visible * light.color.b * sphere_look[0].color.b *
sphere_look[0].finish.diffuse)
if specular_intensity > 0:
spec_intensity_calc = specular_intensity**(
1 / sphere_look[0].finish.roughness)
red += light.color.r * sphere_look[
0].finish.specular * spec_intensity_calc
green += light.color.g * sphere_look[
0].finish.specular * spec_intensity_calc
blue += light.color.b * sphere_look[
0].finish.specular * spec_intensity_calc
return data.Color(red, green, blue)
def comp(sphere_list,inter,light,sphere,int,eye_point): n = collisions.sphere_normal_at_point(sphere,int) scaled_normal = vector_math.scale_vector(n,.01) Pe = vector_math.translate_point(inter[0][1],scaled_normal) vr_light = vector_math.vector_from_to(Pe,light.pt) L_dir = vector_math.normalize_vector(vr_light) dot_product = vector_math.dot_vector(n,L_dir) reflection_vr = vector_math.difference_vector(L_dir,vector_math.scale_vector(n,(2 * dot_product))) V_dir = vector_math.normalize_vector(vector_math.vector_from_to(eye_point,Pe)) intensity = vector_math.dot_vector(reflection_vr,V_dir) ray = data.Ray(Pe,L_dir) inter2 = collisions.find_intersection_points(sphere_list,ray) if dot_product>0 and inter2 == []: diff_r = sphere.color.r*sphere.finish.diffuse*dot_product*light.color.r diff_g = sphere.color.g*sphere.finish.diffuse*dot_product*light.color.g diff_b = sphere.color.b*sphere.finish.diffuse*dot_product*light.color.b spec_r = light.color.r*sphere.finish.specular*math.pow(intensity,(1/sphere.finish.roughness)) spec_g = light.color.g*sphere.finish.specular*math.pow(intensity,(1/sphere.finish.roughness)) spec_b = light.color.b*sphere.finish.specular*math.pow(intensity,(1/sphere.finish.roughness)) return data.Color(diff_r,diff_g,diff_b),data.Color(spec_r,spec_g,spec_b) else : return data.Color(0,0,0), data.Color(0,0,0)
def test_difference_vector_2(self):
vector3 = data.Vector(-20, -45, -99)
vector4 = data.Vector(-12, 0, 45)
difference_vector = data.Vector(-8, -45, -144)
self.assertEqual(vector_math.difference_vector(vector3, vector4), difference_vector)
def cast_ray(ray, sphere_list, light = light_obj, ambient = data.Color(), eye_point = data.Point(0, 0, -14)):
# intersections contains a list of tuples of spheres and points, ex: [(Sphere_1, Point_1), (Sphere_2, Point_2), ...]
intersections = collisions.find_intersection_points(sphere_list, ray)
if len(intersections) == 0:
return data.Color(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
else:
# initializing variable that stores the index and the distance of the tuple with the smallest distance
index_of_nearest_sphere = 0
distance_of_nearest_sphere = vector_math.distance_between(intersections[0][1], ray.pt)
# loop through all_intersection_point and find the index of the tuple that contains the sphere & intersection with the smallest distance from ray's point
for index in range(0, len(intersections)):
distance_between_points = vector_math.distance_between(intersections[index][1], ray.pt)
if distance_between_points < distance_of_nearest_sphere:
index_of_nearest_sphere = index
distance_of_nearest_sphere = distance_between_points
# storing the sphere and intersection point in to variables for later usage
nearest_sphere = intersections[index_of_nearest_sphere][0]
nearest_intersection = intersections[index_of_nearest_sphere][1]
# ==== color calculation based on ambient light, diffusion, light color and location ====
# Impricision of floats can create collision issues with the sphere where the point lies when using the computed intersection
# A point "pe" that is 0.01 above te intersection point will be used instead
sphere_normal_vector = collisions.sphere_normal_at_point(nearest_sphere, nearest_intersection)
pe_translate_direction_vector = vector_math.scale_vector(sphere_normal_vector, 0.01)
# new point PE is now found
pe = vector_math.translate_point(nearest_intersection, pe_translate_direction_vector)
# === determine whether diffusivity is applicable -- determine if there are any obstruction of light vectors ===
# comput vector from pe to light point then compute normalized vector from pe to to light point
l_dir = vector_math.normalize_vector(vector_math.vector_from_to(pe, light.pt))
n_dot_l_dir = vector_math.dot_vector(sphere_normal_vector, l_dir)
# === computing the specular_intensity ===
reflection_vector = vector_math.difference_vector(l_dir ,vector_math.scale_vector(sphere_normal_vector, 2 * n_dot_l_dir))
#creating the direction vector that points from eye_point to pe
v_dir = vector_math.normalize_vector(vector_math.vector_from_to(eye_point, pe)) #Vdir
# specular_intensity is defined to be the dot product of reflection_vector and the direction vector from eye_point to pe
specular_intensity = vector_math.dot_vector(v_dir, reflection_vector)
ambient_color = compute_ambient_color(nearest_sphere, ambient)
if n_dot_l_dir > 0:
ray_to_point = data.Ray(pe,l_dir)
inter = collisions.find_intersection_points(sphere_list, ray_to_point)
if len(inter) == 0:
diffuse_color = compute_diffuse_color(n_dot_l_dir, light, intersections[index_of_nearest_sphere][0])
if specular_intensity > 0:
specular_color = compute_specular_color(light, nearest_sphere, specular_intensity)
return add_color(add_color(specular_color, diffuse_color), ambient_color)
else:
return add_color(diffuse_color, ambient_color)
else:
return ambient_color
elif specular_intensity > 0:
specular_color = compute_specular_color(light, nearest_sphere, specular_intensity)
return add_color(specular_color, ambient_color)
else:
return ambient_color
def test_defference_vector_2(self):
vector1 = data.Vector(-1, -4, 2)
vector2 = data.Vector(3, -6, 2)
newvec = vector_math.difference_vector(vector1, vector2)
self.assertEqual(newvec, data.Vector(-4, 2, 0))
def test_difference_vector_1(self):
vector1 = data.Vector(2, 5, 2)
vector2 = data.Vector(0, 4, 0.1)
newvec = vector_math.difference_vector(vector1, vector2)
self.assertEqual(newvec, data.Vector(2, 1, 1.9))
def test_difference_vector_again(self):
dv = vector_math.difference_vector(data.Vector(0, 2, -4), data.Vector(0, 3, 0))
self.assertEqual(dv, data.Vector(0, -1, -4))
def test_difference_vector(self):
dv = vector_math.difference_vector(data.Vector(2.2, -4, 7), data.Vector(6, -2, 3))
self.assertEqual(dv, data.Vector(-3.8, -2, 4))
def test_difference_vector_1(self):
vector1 = data.Vector(15, 16, 17)
vector2 = data.Vector(4, 5, 6)
difference_vector = data.Vector(11, 11, 11)
self.assertEqual(vector_math.difference_vector(vector1, vector2), difference_vector)
def test_vectorDiff_2(self): v1 = data.Vector(4,5,6) v2 = data.Vector(3,2,1) equals = data.Vector(1,3,5) self.assertEqual(vector_math.difference_vector(v1,v2) == equals, True) pass
def test_vectorDiff_1(self): v1 = data.Vector(1,2,3) v2 = data.Vector(1,2,3) equals = data.Point(0,0,0) self.assertEqual(vector_math.difference_vector(v1, v2) == equals, True) pass