def read_admittance_data(self, element_type, element):
# Reads data on specified element and returns admittances (series and shunt)
# and indices in the admittance matrix where the admittances should be added.
# Currently only for lines and transformers (other elements are treated directly
# when building admittance matrices.
buses = self.buses
if element_type == 'line':
line = element
idx_from = dps_uf.lookup_strings(line['from_bus'], buses['name'])
idx_to = dps_uf.lookup_strings(line['to_bus'], buses['name'])
if line['unit'] in ['p.u.', 'pu', 'pu/km']:
if 'S_n' in line.dtype.names and 'V_n' in line.dtype.names and line[
'S_n'] != 0 and line['V_n'] != 0:
# If impedance given in p.u./km
impedance = (line['R'] + 1j * line['X']) * line['length'] * line['V_n'] ** 2 / line['S_n'] / \
self.z_n[idx_from]
shunt = 1j * line['B'] * line['length'] * 1 / (
line['V_n']**2 / line['S_n'] / self.z_n[idx_from])
else:
# Per unit of system base and bus nominal voltage
impedance = (line['R'] + 1j * line['X']) * line['length']
shunt = 1j * line['B'] * line['length']
elif line['unit'] in ['PF', 'pf', 'PowerFactory', 'powerfactory']:
# Given in ohm/km, but with capacitance in micro-Siemens
impedance = (line['R'] + 1j *
line['X']) * line['length'] / self.z_n[idx_from]
shunt = 1j * line['B'] * line['length'] * self.z_n[
idx_from] * 1e-6
elif line['unit'] in ['Ohm', 'ohm']:
# Given in Ohm/km
impedance = (line['R'] + 1j *
line['X']) * line['length'] / self.z_n[idx_from]
shunt = 1j * line['B'] * line['length'] * self.z_n[idx_from]
admittance = 1 / impedance
return idx_from, idx_to, admittance, shunt
elif element_type == 'transformer':
trafo = element
idx_from = dps_uf.lookup_strings(trafo['from_bus'], buses['name'])
idx_to = dps_uf.lookup_strings(trafo['to_bus'], buses['name'])
ratio_from = (
trafo['ratio_from'] if not np.isnan(trafo['ratio_from']) else
1) if 'ratio_from' in trafo.dtype.names else 1
ratio_to = (trafo['ratio_to'] if not np.isnan(trafo['ratio_to'])
else 1) if 'ratio_to' in trafo.dtype.names else 1
V_n_from = trafo['V_n_from'] if trafo['V_n_from'] else self.v_n[
idx_from]
Z_base_trafo = V_n_from**2 / trafo[
'S_n'] # <= Could also have used _to instead of _from
impedance = (trafo['R'] +
1j * trafo['X']) * Z_base_trafo / self.z_n[idx_from]
n_par = trafo['N_par'] if 'N_par' in trafo.dtype.names else 1
admittance = n_par / impedance
return idx_from, idx_to, admittance, ratio_from, ratio_to
def network_event(self, event_type, name, action, dS=0):
# Simulate disconnection/connection of element by modifying admittance matrix
if action == 'deactivate' or action == 'disconnect':
sign = -1
elif action == 'activate' or action == 'connect':
sign = 1
if event_type == 'line':
df = getattr(self, 'lines')
obj = df[dps_uf.lookup_strings(name, df['name'])]
print('Line {} event'.format(name))
idx_from, idx_to, admittance, shunt = self.read_admittance_data(
'line', obj)
rows = np.array([idx_from, idx_to, idx_from, idx_to])
cols = np.array([idx_from, idx_to, idx_to, idx_from])
data = np.array([
admittance + shunt / 2, admittance + shunt / 2, -admittance,
-admittance
])
y_line = lil_matrix((self.n_bus, ) * 2, dtype=complex)
y_line[rows, cols] = data
self.y_bus_red += sign * y_line
elif event_type == 'sc':
print('Short circuit event at bus {}'.format(name))
idx = dps_uf.lookup_strings(name, self.buses['name'])
self.y_bus_red[idx, idx] += 1j * sign * 1e15
elif event_type == 'load_change':
print('Step change in load demand {}'.format(name))
y_b_old = self.build_y_bus()
# Add the additional value and recalculate y_buses
p0 = self.loads['P']
q0 = self.loads['Q']
boolean = (self.loads['name'] == name)
p0[boolean] += np.real(dS)
q0[boolean] += np.imag(dS)
self.loads['P'] = p0
self.loads['Q'] = q0
busname = self.loads['bus'][boolean]
idx = dps_uf.lookup_strings(busname, self.buses['name'])[0]
y_b_new = self.build_y_bus()
self.y_bus_red[idx, idx] += y_b_new[idx, idx] - y_b_old[idx, idx]
def build_y_bus_red(self, keep_extra_buses=['name']):
# Builds the admittance matrix of the reduced system by applying Kron reduction. By default, all buses other
# generator buses are eliminated. Additional buses to include in the reduced system can be specified
# in "keep_extra_buses" (list of bus names).
# If extra buses are specified before , store these. To ensure that the reduced admittance matrix has the same
# dimension if rebuilt (by i.e. by network_event()-function.
if len(keep_extra_buses) > 0:
keep_extra_buses = self.buses['name'] # Override kron reduction
keep_extra_buses_idx = dps_uf.lookup_strings(
keep_extra_buses, self.buses['name'])
self.reduced_bus_idx = np.concatenate(
[self.gen_bus_idx,
np.array(keep_extra_buses_idx, dtype=int)])
# Remove duplicate buses
_, idx = np.unique(self.reduced_bus_idx, return_index=True)
self.reduced_bus_idx = np.sort(self.reduced_bus_idx[np.sort(idx)])
self.n_bus_red = len(self.reduced_bus_idx)
self.y_bus_red_full = self.kron_reduction(
self.y_bus,
self.reduced_bus_idx) # np.empty((self.n_gen, self.n_gen))
self.gen_bus_idx_red = self.get_bus_idx_red(
self.buses[self.gen_bus_idx]['name'])
self.y_bus_red = sp.csr_matrix(self.y_bus_red_full)
self.y_bus_red_mod = self.y_bus_red * 0
self.build_y_branch()
def store_vars(self, type, varnames, vardesc, resultdict):
if type == 'GEN':
var_outs = sorted(set(varnames)
& set(self.gen_mdls['GEN'].output_list),
key=varnames.index)
var_ins = sorted(set(varnames)
& set(self.gen_mdls['GEN'].input_list),
key=varnames.index)
store_vars_out = self.gen_mdls['GEN'].output[var_outs]
store_vars_out = [
i[k] for k in range(len(store_vars_out[0]))
for i in store_vars_out
]
store_vars_in = self.gen_mdls['GEN'].input[var_ins]
store_vars_in = [
i[k] for k in range(len(store_vars_in[0]))
for i in store_vars_in
]
store_vars_out.extend(store_vars_in)
[
resultdict[tuple(desc)].append(out)
for desc, out in zip(vardesc, store_vars_out)
]
elif type == 'load':
if 'v' in varnames:
[
resultdict[tuple(desc)].append(out)
for desc, out in zip(vardesc, self.v_red)
]
if any(x in ['P_l', 'Q_l', 'S_l'] for x in varnames):
store_vars = []
for load in self.loads:
name = load[0]
load_idx = dps_uf.lookup_strings(name, self.loads['name'])
z = self.loads['Z'][load_idx]
bus_idx = self.loads['bus_idx'][
load_idx] # This works when kron reduction is bypassed!
# if bus_idx in self.reduced_bus_idx:
s = abs(self.v_red[bus_idx])**2 / np.conj(z)
if 'P_l' in varnames:
store_vars.append(np.real(s))
if 'Q_l' in varnames:
store_vars.append(np.imag(s))
if 'S_l' in varnames:
store_vars.append(s)
[
resultdict[tuple(desc)].append(out)
for desc, out in zip(vardesc, store_vars)
]
def compute_result(self, type, name, res):
if type == 'load':
if res in ['p', 'q', 's', 'P', 'Q', 'S']:
load_idx = dps_uf.lookup_strings(name, self.loads['name'])
z = self.loads['Z'][load_idx]
bus_idx = self.loads['bus_idx'][
load_idx] # This works when kron reduction is bypassed!
# if bus_idx in self.reduced_bus_idx:
s = abs(self.v_red[bus_idx])**2 / np.conj(z)
# Lower case letters (p, q, s) give result in system p.u. base
# Capital letters (P, Q, S) give result in ohm
if res.isupper():
pu_mod = self.s_n
else:
pu_mod = 1
if res in ['s', 'S']:
return s * pu_mod
if res in ['p', 'P']:
return s.real * pu_mod
if res in ['q', 'Q']:
return s.imag * pu_mod
def init_dyn_sim(self):
# Build reduced system
self.y_bus = self.build_y_bus()
self.build_y_bus_red()
self.v_red = self.v_0[self.reduced_bus_idx]
# State variables:
self.state_desc = np.empty((0, 2))
# Containers for dynamic models
self.gen_mdls = dict()
self.gov_mdls = dict()
self.avr_mdls = dict()
self.pss_mdls = dict()
# ADDED
self.ace_mdls = dict()
for i, (input_data, container, library) in enumerate(
zip([self.gen, self.gov, self.pss, self.avr, self.ace], [
self.gen_mdls, self.gov_mdls, self.pss_mdls, self.avr_mdls,
self.ace_mdls
], [gen_lib, gov_lib, pss_lib, avr_lib, ace_lib])):
for key in input_data.keys():
data = input_data[key].copy()
start_idx = len(self.state_desc)
mdl = getattr(library, key)()
state_list = mdl.state_list
names = data['name']
n_units = len(data)
n_states = len(state_list)
# state_desc_mdl = np.vstack([np.tile(names, n_states), np.repeat(state_list, n_units)]).T
state_desc_mdl = np.vstack(
[np.repeat(names, n_states),
np.tile(state_list, n_units)]).T
mdl.n_units = n_units
# Global indices of model states in global state vector.
# (x_global[mdl.idx] = x_local)
mdl.idx = slice(start_idx, start_idx + len(state_desc_mdl)
) # Indices of all states belonging to model
# dtypes-attribute is defined to allow view to be created easily (with named fields)
# Allows syntax x['speed'] instead of x[state_idx['speed']]
# within differential equation functions of dyn. models.
mdl.dtypes = [(state, np.float) for state in state_list]
mdl.shape = (n_states, n_units)
mdl.par = data
mdl.int_par = np.zeros(n_units, [(par, np.float)
for par in mdl.int_par_list])
mdl.input = np.zeros(n_units, [(field, np.float)
for field in mdl.input_list])
mdl.output = np.zeros(n_units, [(field, np.float)
for field in mdl.output_list])
# JIT-compilation using Numba
compile_these = ['_update', '_current_injections']
if self.use_numba:
from numba import jit # Is this OK?
for fun in compile_these:
if hasattr(mdl, fun):
setattr(mdl, fun[1:], jit()(getattr(mdl, fun)))
else:
for fun in compile_these:
if hasattr(mdl, fun):
setattr(mdl, fun[1:], getattr(mdl, fun))
if i == 0: # Do this for generators only
mdl.bus_idx = dps_uf.lookup_strings(
data['bus'], self.buses['name'])
mdl.bus_idx_red = self.get_bus_idx_red(data['bus'])
mdl.int_par['f'] = self.f
elif i == 4: # Do this for ACE only
mdl.active = np.ones(len(data), dtype=bool)
# Appended for knowing which generator are equipped with secondary control
mdl.gen_idx = dict()
for gen_key in self.gen.keys():
lookup, mask = dps_uf.lookup_strings(
data['gen'],
self.gen[gen_key]['name'],
return_mask=True)
if len(lookup) > 0:
mdl.gen_idx[gen_key] = [mask, lookup]
# Getting correct bus indexes for enabling efficient calculation of power flow
buses_1 = []
buses_2 = []
buses_to_keep_1 = data['bus1']
buses_to_keep_2 = data['bus2']
for bus1, bus2 in zip(buses_to_keep_1, buses_to_keep_2):
for bus in self.buses['name']:
if bus == bus1: buses_1.append(bus)
if bus == bus2: buses_2.append(bus)
mdl.bus_idx_1 = dps_uf.lookup_strings(
buses_1, self.buses['name'])
mdl.bus_idx_2 = dps_uf.lookup_strings(
buses_2, self.buses['name'])
mdl.bus_idx_red_1 = self.get_bus_idx_red(buses_1)
mdl.bus_idx_red_2 = self.get_bus_idx_red(buses_2)
# Easifying syntax for the following lines
idx1 = mdl.bus_idx_red_1
idx2 = mdl.bus_idx_red_2
# Extracting the relevant entries in y_bus_red, and converting to a list for vector multiplication
y_bus_tmp = np.squeeze(
np.asarray(self.y_bus_red[idx1, idx2]))
i_line = y_bus_tmp * (self.v_red[idx1] - self.v_red[idx2])
# Calculating base line flow
p_line = -(self.v_red[idx1] * np.conj(i_line)).real
# Setting the constant parameters
mdl.int_par['f'] = self.f
mdl.int_par['Ptie0'] = p_line
else: # Do this for control models only
mdl.active = np.ones(len(data), dtype=bool)
# Determine which generators are controlled (model and indices).
# This information is stored as a dict with keys corresponding to generator types,
# and values with lists: [mask, idx], where:
# mask (np.array, bool): Boolean mask to select controls that act on the particular generator type
# idx (np.array, int): Points to which generators of this type are controlled
mdl.gen_idx = dict()
for gen_key in self.gen.keys():
lookup, mask = dps_uf.lookup_strings(
data['gen'],
self.gen[gen_key]['name'],
return_mask=True)
if len(lookup) > 0:
mdl.gen_idx[gen_key] = [mask, lookup]
# Local indices of states (starting on zero, ending on number of states of model)
mdl.state_idx = np.zeros(
(n_units, ), dtype=[(state, int) for state in state_list])
for state in state_list:
mdl.state_idx[state] = np.where(
state_desc_mdl[:, 1] == state)[0]
container[key] = mdl
self.state_desc = np.vstack([self.state_desc, state_desc_mdl])
self.n_states = self.state_desc.shape[0]
self.state_desc_der = self.state_desc.copy()
self.state_desc_der[:,
1] = np.char.add(np.array(self.n_states * ['d_']),
self.state_desc[:, 1])
# Choose first generator at slack bus as slack generator
for gen_key, gen_mdl in self.gen_mdls.items():
lookup = dps_uf.lookup_strings(self.slack_bus, gen_mdl.par['bus'])
if not np.isnan(lookup) > 0:
self.slack_generator_id = (gen_key, lookup)
break
self.slack_generator = np.where(
(self.gen_pf_map_idx == self.slack_generator_id).all(axis=1))[0][0]
self.p_g_setp = self.P_g_setp / self.s_n # System base
sum_load_sl = sum(self.loads[self.loads['bus'] == self.slack_bus]
['P']) / self.s_n if len(
self.loads) > 0 else 0 # Sum loads at slack bus
sl_gen_idx = np.array(self.gen_bus_names == self.slack_bus)
# The case with multiple generators at the slack bus where one or more are n_par in parallel has not been tested.
sum_gen_sl = sum(
(self.p_g_setp[sl_gen_idx] * self.n_par[sl_gen_idx]
)[1:]) # Sum other generation at slack bus (not slack gen)
self.p_g_setp[self.slack_generator] = self.s_0[self.get_bus_idx(
[self.slack_bus])].real - sum_gen_sl + sum_load_sl
self.p_g_setp[self.slack_generator] /= self.n_par[self.slack_generator]
# Distribute reactive power equally among generators on the same bus
self.n_gen_per_bus = np.array([
sum(self.gen_bus_idx == idx) for idx in np.arange(self.n_bus)
]) # Not counting identical generators (given by N_par-parameter)!
self.q_g = (self.s_0.imag + self.q_sum_loads_bus
)[self.gen_bus_idx] / self.n_gen_per_bus[self.gen_bus_idx]
self.q_g /= self.n_par
# From Load Flow
self.v_g = self.v_0[self.gen_bus_idx]
self.s_g = (self.p_g_setp + 1j * self.q_g)
# Initialize global state vector
self.x0 = np.zeros(self.n_states)
# Generators
for key, dm in self.gen_mdls.items():
if hasattr(dm, 'initialize'):
# Get data from power flow solution
dm_pf_map_idx = self.gen_pf_map_idx[:, 0] == key
v_g = self.v_g[dm_pf_map_idx]
s_g = self.s_g[dm_pf_map_idx] * self.s_n / dm.par['S_n']
# Convert complex quantities to float
dm.input['V_t_abs'] = np.abs(v_g)
dm.input['V_t_angle'] = np.angle(v_g)
dm.output['P_e'] = s_g.real
dm.output['Q'] = s_g.imag
dm.initialize(self.x0[dm.idx].view(dtype=dm.dtypes), dm.input,
dm.output, dm.par, dm.int_par)
# AVR
for key, dm in self.avr_mdls.items():
if hasattr(dm, 'initialize'):
for gen_key, (mask, idx) in dm.gen_idx.items():
gen_mdl = self.gen_mdls[gen_key]
dm.output['E_f'][mask] = gen_mdl.input['E_f'][idx]
# for gen_key in dm.gen_mdl_list:
# e_q_0[dm.gen_mdl_3 == gen_key] = self.gen_mdls[gen_key].e_q[dm.gen_idx_2[gen_key]]
dm.initialize(self.x0[dm.idx].view(dtype=dm.dtypes), dm.input,
dm.output, dm.par, dm.int_par)
# GOV
for key, dm in self.gov_mdls.items():
if hasattr(dm, 'initialize'):
for gen_key, (mask, idx) in dm.gen_idx.items():
# mask: Boolean mask to map controls to generators
# idx: Points to which generators are controlled
gen_mdl = self.gen_mdls[gen_key]
dm.output['P_m'][mask] = gen_mdl.input['P_m'][idx]
# for gen_key in dm.gen_mdl_list:
# P_m_0[dm.gen_mdl_3 == gen_key] = self.gen_mdls[gen_key].P_m[dm.gen_idx_2[gen_key]]
dm.initialize(self.x0[dm.idx].view(dtype=dm.dtypes), dm.input,
dm.output, dm.par, dm.int_par)
# ACE
for key, dm in self.ace_mdls.items():
if hasattr(dm, 'initialize'):
pass
# PSS
for key, dm in self.pss_mdls.items():
if hasattr(dm, 'initialize'):
pass
def build_y_bus(self, type='dyn', y_ext=np.empty((0, 0))):
# Build bus admittance matrix.
# If type=='dyn', generator admittances and load admittances are included in the admittance matrix.
# Used for dynamic simulation.
# If not type=='dyn', generator admittances and load admittances are not included.
# Used for power flow calculation.
n_bus = self.n_bus
y_branch = np.zeros((n_bus, n_bus),
dtype=complex) # Branches = Trafos + Lines
buses = self.buses
y_lines = np.zeros((n_bus, n_bus), dtype=complex)
for i, line in enumerate(self.lines):
idx_from, idx_to, admittance, shunt = self.read_admittance_data(
'line', line)
rows = np.array([idx_from, idx_to, idx_from, idx_to])
cols = np.array([idx_from, idx_to, idx_to, idx_from])
data = np.array([
admittance + shunt / 2, admittance + shunt / 2, -admittance,
-admittance
])
y_lines[rows, cols] += data
y_branch += y_lines
y_trafo = np.zeros((n_bus, n_bus), dtype=complex)
for i, trafo in enumerate(self.transformers):
idx_from, idx_to, admittance, ratio_from, ratio_to = self.read_admittance_data(
'transformer', trafo)
rows = np.array([idx_from, idx_to, idx_from, idx_to])
cols = np.array([idx_from, idx_to, idx_to, idx_from])
data = np.array([
ratio_from * np.conj(ratio_from) * admittance,
ratio_to * np.conj(ratio_to) * admittance,
-ratio_from * np.conj(ratio_to) * admittance,
-np.conj(ratio_from) * ratio_to * admittance
])
y_trafo[rows, cols] += data
y_branch += y_trafo
y_gen = np.zeros((n_bus, n_bus), dtype=complex)
for key, data in self.gen.items():
for gen in data:
idx_bus = dps_uf.lookup_strings(gen['bus'], buses['name'])
V_n = gen['V_n']
impedance = 1j * gen['X_d_st'] * V_n**2 / gen[
'S_n'] / self.z_n[idx_bus]
y_gen[idx_bus, idx_bus] += gen['N_par'] / impedance
y_load = np.zeros((n_bus, n_bus), dtype=complex)
if type == 'dyn':
# Remove Z-field if it already exists since y_bus is to be modified during load increase
if 'Z' in self.loads.dtype.names:
self.loads = self.loads[['name', 'bus', 'P', 'Q', 'model']]
# Add impedance field to load input parameters (to be able to compute actual power consumed by load)
# Impedance is given in system p.u. base
if len(self.loads) > 0:
field_z = np.ones(len(self.loads), dtype=[('Z', complex)])
field_bus = np.ones(len(self.loads), dtype=[('bus_idx', int)])
for i, load in enumerate(self.loads):
s_load = (load['P'] + 1j * load['Q']) / self.s_n
if load['model'] == 'Z' and abs(s_load) > 0:
# idx_bus = buses[buses['name'] == load['bus']].index
idx_bus = dps_uf.lookup_strings(load['bus'], buses['name'])
z = np.conj(abs(self.v_0[idx_bus])**2 / s_load)
y_load[idx_bus, idx_bus] += 1 / z
field_z[i] = z
field_bus[i] = idx_bus
if len(self.loads) > 0:
self.loads = dps_uf.combine_recarrays(self.loads, field_z)
self.loads = dps_uf.combine_recarrays(self.loads, field_bus)
y_shunt = np.zeros((n_bus, n_bus), dtype=complex)
for i, shunt in enumerate(self.shunts):
# if shunt['model'] == 'Z':
# idx_bus = buses[buses['name'] == shunt['bus']].index
idx_bus = dps_uf.lookup_strings(shunt['bus'], buses['name'])
s_shunt = -1j * shunt['Q'] / self.s_n
z = np.conj(abs(1)**2 / s_shunt)
y_shunt[idx_bus, idx_bus] += 1 / z
self.y_gen = y_gen
self.y_branch = y_branch
self.y_load = y_load
self.y_shunt = y_shunt
self.y_ext = y_ext
Y = y_branch.copy()
Y += y_shunt
if type == 'dyn':
Y += y_gen + y_load
if y_ext.shape[0] > 0:
Y += y_ext
return Y
def __init__(self, model):
self.use_numba = False
# Load flow parameters
self.pf_max_it = 10
self.tol = 1e-8
# Get static data: Convert lists to np.arrays
for td in ['buses', 'lines', 'loads', 'transformers', 'shunts']:
if td in model and len(model[td]) > 0:
header = model[td][0]
# Get dtype for each column
data = model[td][1:]
data_T = list(map(list, zip(*data)))
col_dtypes = [np.array(col).dtype for col in data_T]
entries = [tuple(entry) for entry in model[td][1:]]
dtypes = [(name_, dtype_)
for name_, dtype_ in zip(header, col_dtypes)]
setattr(self, td, np.array(entries, dtype=dtypes))
else:
setattr(self, td, np.empty(0))
# Get dynamic data: Convert dicts with lists to dicts with np.arrays
for td in ['gov', 'avr', 'pss', 'generators', 'ace']: # ADDED ACE
setattr(self, td, dict())
if td in model and len(model[td]) > 0:
for key in model[td].keys():
# Get dtype for each column
header = model[td][key][0]
data = model[td][key][1:]
data_T = list(map(list, zip(*data)))
col_dtypes = [np.array(col).dtype for col in data_T]
entries = [tuple(entry) for entry in data]
dtypes = [(name_, dtype_)
for name_, dtype_ in zip(header, col_dtypes)]
print(key)
getattr(self, td)[key] = np.array(entries, dtype=dtypes)
# Add some potentially missing fields
for key in self.generators.keys():
for req_attr, default in zip(['PF_n', 'N_par'], [1, 1]):
if not req_attr in self.generators[key].dtype.names:
new_field = np.ones(len(self.generators[key]),
dtype=[(req_attr, float)])
new_field[req_attr] *= default
self.generators[key] = dps_uf.combine_recarrays(
self.generators[key], new_field)
# Base for pu-system
self.f = model['f']
self.s_n = model['base_mva'] # For all buses
self.v_n = np.array(self.buses['V_n'])
self.z_n = self.v_n**2 / self.s_n
self.i_n = self.s_n / (np.sqrt(3) * self.v_n)
if 'slack_bus' in model:
self.slack_bus = model['slack_bus']
else:
self.slack_bus = None
self.n_bus = len(self.buses)
# If nominal gen. voltage or apparent power is zero, change to system base
# (Needs to be done after nominal bus voltages have been loaded (self.v_n)
for key in self.generators.keys():
fix_idx = self.generators[key]['V_n'] == 0
gen_bus_idx = dps_uf.lookup_strings(self.generators[key]['bus'],
self.buses['name'])
self.generators[key]['V_n'][fix_idx] = self.buses['V_n'][
gen_bus_idx][fix_idx]
fix_idx = self.generators[key]['S_n'] == 0
self.generators[key]['S_n'][fix_idx] = self.s_n
# This is for backwards compatibilty only. Should have only self.gen (dict) in the future.
self.gen = self.generators
self.generators = self.gen['GEN']
# Load flow data (concatenate data from all generator types)
self.n_gen = sum([len(gen) for gen in self.gen.values()])
self.v_g_setp = np.concatenate([gen['V'] for gen in self.gen.values()])
self.P_g_setp = np.concatenate([gen['P'] for gen in self.gen.values()])
self.n_par = np.concatenate(
[gen['N_par'] for gen in self.gen.values()])
self.gen_bus_names = np.concatenate(
[gen['bus'] for gen in self.gen.values()])
self.gen_pf_map_idx = []
for key, gen in self.gen.items():
[self.gen_pf_map_idx.append((key, i)) for i in range(len(gen))]
self.gen_pf_map_idx = np.array(self.gen_pf_map_idx)
self.gen_bus_idx = dps_uf.lookup_strings(self.gen_bus_names,
self.buses['name'])
# Remove duplicate buses to get number of unique buses with generators
_, idx = np.unique(self.gen_bus_idx, return_index=True)
self.gen_bus_idx_unique = self.gen_bus_idx[np.sort(idx)]
self.n_gen_bus = len(self.gen_bus_idx_unique)
self.reduced_bus_idx = self.gen_bus_idx_unique
# Initialize bus admittance matrices
self.y_bus = np.empty((self.n_bus, self.n_bus), dtype=complex)
self.y_bus_lf = np.empty((self.n_bus, self.n_bus), dtype=complex)
self.y_bus_lf[:] = np.nan
self.y_bus_red_full = np.empty((self.n_gen, self.n_gen), dtype=complex)
# self.y_bus_red_inv = np.empty((self.n_gen, self.n_gen))
# Initialize dynamic variables
self.v_g = np.empty(self.n_gen, dtype=complex)
self.i_inj = np.empty(self.n_gen, dtype=complex)
self.time = 0.0
def __init__(self, rts, update_freq=50, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.rts = rts
self.ps = rts.ps
self.dt = self.rts.dt
G = nx.MultiGraph()
G.add_nodes_from(ps.buses['name'])
G.add_edges_from(ps.lines[['from_bus', 'to_bus']])
G.add_edges_from(ps.transformers[['from_bus', 'to_bus']])
# nx.draw(G)
pos = nx.spring_layout(G)
x = np.zeros(ps.n_bus)
y = np.zeros(ps.n_bus)
for i, key in enumerate(pos.keys()):
x[i], y[i] = pos[key]
#plt.scatter(x, y)
n_edges = len(ps.lines) + len(ps.transformers)
x_edge = np.zeros(2 * n_edges)
y_edge = np.zeros(2 * n_edges)
connect = np.zeros(2 * n_edges, dtype=bool)
i = 0
for branches in [ps.lines, ps.transformers]:
for line in branches:
x_edge[2 * i] = x[dps_uf.lookup_strings(
line['from_bus'], ps.buses['name'])]
y_edge[2 * i] = y[dps_uf.lookup_strings(
line['from_bus'], ps.buses['name'])]
x_edge[2 * i + 1] = x[dps_uf.lookup_strings(
line['to_bus'], ps.buses['name'])]
y_edge[2 * i + 1] = y[dps_uf.lookup_strings(
line['to_bus'], ps.buses['name'])]
connect[2 * i] = True
i += 1
#for load in ps.loads:
dt = self.dt
n_samples = 500
dt = 20e-3
self.colors = lambda i: pg.intColor(i,
hues=9,
values=1,
maxValue=255,
minValue=150,
maxHue=360,
minHue=0,
sat=255,
alpha=255)
# Phasor diagram
self.graphWidget = pg.GraphicsLayoutWidget(show=True, title="Phasors")
# self.setCentralWidget(self.graphWidget)
#self.phasor_0 = np.array([0, 1, 0.9, 1, 0.9, 1]) + 1j * np.array([0, 0, -0.1, 0, 0.1, 0])
plot_win = self.graphWidget.addPlot(title='Phasors')
plot_win.setAspectLocked(True)
plot_win.plot(x_edge, y_edge, connect=connect)
plot_win.plot(x,
y,
pen=None,
symbol='o',
symbolBrush='b',
symbolSize=15)
plot_win.plot(x[ps.gen_bus_idx],
y[ps.gen_bus_idx],
pen=None,
symbol='o',
symbolBrush='r',
symbolSize=15)
#plot_win.plot(x[ps.gen_bus_idx], y[ps.gen_bus_idx], pen=None, symbol='o', symbolBrush='y', symbolSize=15)
#self.colors = lambda i: pg.intColor(i, hues=9, values=1, maxValue=255, minValue=150, maxHue=360, minHue=0, sat=255, alpha=255)
#pen = pg.mkPen(color=self.colors(0), width=2)
#self.graphWidget.plot(self.ts_keeper.time, np.zeros(n_samples), pen=pen)
#scatter = pg.ScatterPlotItem(size=ps.n_bus, brush=pg.mkBrush(255, 255, 255, 120))
#angle = self.rts.x[self.ps.gen_mdls['GEN'].state_idx['angle']]
#magnitude = self.ps.e_q
#phasors = magnitude*np.exp(1j*angle)
#self.pl_ph = []
#for i, phasor in enumerate(phasors[:, None]*self.phasor_0):
# pen = pg.mkPen(color=self.colors(i), width=2)
# self.pl_ph.append(plot_win_ph.plot(phasor.real, phasor.imag, pen=pen))
#plot_win_ph.enableAutoRange('xy', False)
self.graphWidget.show()
self.timer = QtCore.QTimer()
self.timer.timeout.connect(self.update)
self.timer.start(1000 / update_freq)
def __init__(self, rts, update_freq=50, z_ax='abs_pu', use_colors=False, rotating=False, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.rts = rts
self.ps = rts.ps
self.dt = self.rts.dt
ps = self.ps
self.z_ax = z_ax
# nx.draw(G)
self.scale = 10
if self.z_ax == 'angle':
self.scale_z = 10*np.ones(ps.n_bus)
self.offset_z = 3 # *np.ones(ps.n_bus)
elif self.z_ax == 'abs':
self.scale_z = 10 * ps.v_n / max(ps.v_n) * 0.3
self.offset_z = 0 # np.zeros(ps.n_bus)
elif self.z_ax == 'abs_pu':
self.scale_z = 10 * 0.3*(ps.v_n**0)
self.offset_z = 0 # np.zeros(ps.n_bus)
# elif self.z_ax == 'both':
# self.scale_z = 10*np.ones(ps.n_bus)
# self.offset_z = 12*np.ones(ps.n_bus)
line_admittances = np.zeros(len(ps.lines), dtype=[('Y', float)])
for i, line in enumerate(ps.lines):
line_admittances[i] = abs(ps.read_admittance_data('line', line)[2])
trafo_admittances = np.zeros(len(ps.transformers), dtype=[('Y', float)])
for i, trafo in enumerate(ps.transformers):
trafo_admittances[i] = abs(ps.read_admittance_data('transformer', trafo)[2])
self.G = nx.MultiGraph()
self.G.add_nodes_from(ps.buses['name'])
# G.add_edges_from(ps.lines[['from_bus', 'to_bus']])
# G.add_edges_from(ps.transformers[['from_bus', 'to_bus']])
self.G.add_weighted_edges_from(
dps_uf.combine_recarrays(ps.lines, line_admittances)[['from_bus', 'to_bus', 'Y']])
self.G.add_weighted_edges_from(
dps_uf.combine_recarrays(ps.transformers, trafo_admittances)[['from_bus', 'to_bus', 'Y']])
self.grid_layout()
self.n_edges = len(ps.lines) + len(ps.transformers)
self.edge_from_bus = np.concatenate([dps_uf.lookup_strings(type_['from_bus'], ps.buses['name']) for type_ in [ps.lines, ps.transformers]])
self.edge_to_bus = np.concatenate([dps_uf.lookup_strings(type_['to_bus'], ps.buses['name']) for type_ in [ps.lines, ps.transformers]])
self.edge_x = np.vstack([self.x[self.edge_from_bus], self.x[self.edge_to_bus]]).T
self.edge_y = np.vstack([self.y[self.edge_from_bus], self.y[self.edge_to_bus]]).T
self.edge_z = np.vstack([self.z[self.edge_from_bus], self.z[self.edge_to_bus]]).T
self.colors = lambda i: pg.intColor(i, hues=9, values=1, maxValue=255, minValue=150, maxHue=360, minHue=0, sat=255, alpha=255)
self.window = gl.GLViewWidget()
# self.window.setBackgroundColor('w')
self.window.setWindowTitle('Grid')
self.window.setGeometry(0, 110, 1920, 1080)
self.window.setCameraPosition(distance=30, elevation=12)
self.window.show()
self.rotating = rotating
self.gz = gl.GLGridItem()
self.gz.translate(dx=0, dy=0, dz=-self.offset_z)
self.window.addItem(self.gz)
color = np.ones((ps.n_bus, 4))
color[:, -1] = 0.5
if use_colors:
color[ps.gen_bus_idx, :] = np.array([self.colors(i).getRgb() for i in range(self.ps.n_gen_bus)]) / 255
else:
color[ps.gen_bus_idx, :] = np.array([1 / 3, 2 / 3, 1, 0.5])[None, :]
self.points = gl.GLScatterPlotItem(
pos=np.vstack([self.x, self.y, self.z]).T,
color=color,
size=15
)
self.edge_x_mod = np.append(self.edge_x, np.nan*np.ones((self.n_edges, 1)), axis=1)
self.edge_y_mod = np.append(self.edge_y, np.nan*np.ones((self.n_edges, 1)), axis=1)
self.edge_z_mod = np.append(self.edge_z, np.nan*np.ones((self.n_edges, 1)), axis=1)
# line_x_mod = line_x
# line_y_mod = line_y
edge_pos = np.vstack([self.edge_x_mod.flatten(), self.edge_y_mod.flatten(), self.edge_z_mod.flatten()]).T
line_color = np.ones((self.n_edges, 4))
line_color[:, -1] = 0.5
line_color[len(ps.lines):, :] = np.array([1 / 3, 2 / 3, 1, 0.5])[None, :]
# self.scale_branch_flows = 4
line_widths = np.ones((self.n_edges, 4))
self.lines = gl.GLLinePlotItem(pos=edge_pos, color=np.repeat(line_color, 3, axis=0), antialias=True, width=2)
self.window.addItem(self.points)
self.window.addItem(self.lines)
# self.axis = gl.GLAxisItem()
# self.graphWidget.show()
self.timer = QtCore.QTimer()
self.timer.timeout.connect(self.update)
self.timer.start(1000//update_freq)
self.t_prev = time.time()
model = model_data.load()
#if not model['gov_on']: model.pop('gov', None)
#if not model['avr_on']: model.pop('avr', None)
#if not model['pss_on']: model.pop('pss', None)
fig, ax = plt.subplots(1)
ps = dps.PowerSystemModel(model)
ps.power_flow()
ps.init_dyn_sim()
# Index to access relevant models, e.g. generators, avrs, govs etc.
# Without index, the change is applied to all instances of specified model, e.g. all 'GEN' generators, or all 'TGR' avrs
# index = dps_uf.lookup_strings('G1', ps.gen_mdls['GEN'].par['name']) # Index for G1
index = dps_uf.lookup_strings(
'HVDC_CTRL1', ps.hvdc_ctrl_mdls['HVDC_WASH_LEAD_LAG'].par['name'])
#index = dps_uf.lookup_strings('BAT_CTRL_WASH_1', ps.bat_ctrl_mdls['WASH_LEAD_LAG'].par['name'])
# index = dps_uf.lookup_strings('AVR1', ps.avr_mdls['TGR'].par['name']) # Index for AVR1
# index = dps_uf.lookup_strings(['G1','IB'], ps.gen_mdls['GEN'].par['name']) # Indices for G1 and IB
for i in range(10):
ps.init_dyn_sim()
print(index)
ps.hvdc_ctrl_mdls['HVDC_WASH_LEAD_LAG'].par['K'][index] = 0 + i * 1
#ps.gen_mdls['GEN'].par['H'][index] = 2 + i*0.1
# Perform system linearization
ps_lin = dps_mdl.PowerSystemModelLinearization(ps)
ps_lin.linearize()
#pf, rev_Abs, rev_ang = ps_lin.pf_table()
import dynpssimpy.utility_functions as dps_uf
model = model_data.load()
if not model['gov_on']: model.pop('gov', None)
if not model['avr_on']: model.pop('avr', None)
if not model['pss_on']: model.pop('pss', None)
fig, ax = plt.subplots(1)
ps = dps.PowerSystemModel(model)
ps.power_flow()
ps.init_dyn_sim()
# Index to access relevant models, e.g. generators, avrs, govs etc.
# Without index, the change is applied to all instances of specified model, e.g. all 'GEN' generators, or all 'TGR' avrs
index = dps_uf.lookup_strings('G1',
ps.gen_mdls['GEN'].par['name']) # Index for G1
# index = dps_uf.lookup_strings('AVR1', ps.avr_mdls['TGR'].par['name']) # Index for AVR1
# index = dps_uf.lookup_strings(['G1','IB'], ps.gen_mdls['GEN'].par['name']) # Indices for G1 and IB
for i in range(30):
ps.init_dyn_sim()
print(index)
ps.avr_mdls['TGR'].par['Ka'][index] = 10 + i * 30
#ps.gen_mdls['GEN'].par['H'][index] = 2 + i*0.1
# Perform system linearization
ps_lin = dps_mdl.PowerSystemModelLinearization(ps)
ps_lin.linearize()
#pf, rev_Abs, rev_ang = ps_lin.pf_table()
