class User(db.Model, UserMixin):
''' A User
'''
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True)
email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True)
bookmarks = db.relationship('Bookmark', backref='user', lazy='dynamic')
password_hash = db.Column(db.String)
@property
def password(self):
raise AttributeError('password: write-only field')
@password.setter
def password(self, password):
self.password_hash = generate_password_hash(password)
def check_password(self, password):
return check_password_hash(self.password_hash, password)
@staticmethod
def get_by_username(username):
return User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
def __repr__(self):
return "<User '{}'>".format(self.username)
class Role(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'roles'
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
name = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True)
users = db.relationship('User', backref='role', lazy='dynamic')
def __repr__(self):
return '<Role %r>' % self.name
class Post(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'posts'
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
title = db.Column(db.Text)
body = db.Column(db.Text)
timestamp = db.Column(db.DateTime, index=True, default=datetime.utcnow)
author_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('users.id'))
comments = db.relationship('Comment', backref='post', lazy='dynamic')
class Follow(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'follows'
follower_id = db.Column(db.Integer,
db.ForeignKey('users.id'),
primary_key=True)
followed_id = db.Column(db.Integer,
db.ForeignKey('users.id'),
primary_key=True)
timestamp = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
class Post(db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
title = db.Column(db.String(100), unique=True, nullable=False)
date_posted = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False, default=datetime.utcnow)
content = db.Column(db.Text, nullable=False)
user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), nullable=False)
def __repr__(self):
return f"Post('{self.title}', '{self.date_posted})'"
class User(db.Model, UserMixin):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
username = db.Column(db.String(20), unique=True, nullable=False)
email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
image_file = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False, default='anon.png')
password = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)
# Backref sort of like a 'SELECT * FROM POSTS WHERE USER_ID = ... associated with a post.author'
post = db.relationship('Post', backref='author', lazy=True)
def __repr__(self):
return f"User('{self.username}', '{self.email}', '{self.image_file}')"
class Post(SearchableMixin, db.Model):
__searchable__ = ['body']
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
body = db.Column(db.String(140))
timestamp = db.Column(
db.DateTime, index=True, default=datetime.utcnow
) #hence the function utcnow is called every time a post is created
user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'))
language = db.Column(db.String(5))
def __repr__(self):
return "<Post {}>".format(self.body)
class Bookmark(db.Model):
''' A bookmark
'''
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
url = db.Column(db.Text, nullable=False)
date = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
description = db.Column(db.String(300))
user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), nullable=False)
@staticmethod
def newest(num):
return Bookmark.query.order_by(desc(Bookmark.date)).limit(num)
def __repr__(self):
return "<Bookmark '{}': {}>".format(self.description, self.url)
class Comment(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'comments'
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
body = db.Column(db.Text)
timestamp = db.Column(db.DateTime, index=True, default=datetime.utcnow)
post_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('posts.id'))
author_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('users.id'))
target_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('users.id'), default=None)
class User(db.Model, UserMixin):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
username = db.Column(db.String(20), unique=True, nullable=False)
email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
image_file = db.Column(db.String(20), default="default.jpg")
password = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)
posts = db.relationship("Post", backref='author', lazy=True)
def get_reset_token(self, expires_sec=1800):
s = Serializer(app.config['SECRET_KEY'], expires_sec)
return s.dumps({'user_id': self.id}).decode('utf-8')
@staticmethod
def verify_reset_token(token):
s = Serializer(app.config['SECRET_KEY'])
try:
user_id = s.loads(token)['user_id']
except:
return None
return User.query.get(user_id)
def __repr__(self):
return f"User('{self.user_name}' , '{self.email}', '{self.image_file}')"
class User(UserMixin, db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'users'
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
username = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True, index=True)
role_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('roles.id'))
password_hash = db.Column(db.String(128))
email = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True, index=True)
name = db.Column(db.String(64))
location = db.Column(db.String(64))
about_me = db.Column(db.Text())
regist_time = db.Column(db.DateTime(), default=datetime.utcnow)
last_seen = db.Column(db.DateTime(), default=datetime.utcnow)
posts = db.relationship('Post', backref='author', lazy='dynamic')
comments = db.relationship('Comment',
backref='author',
lazy='dynamic',
primaryjoin="Comment.author_id==User.id")
targets = db.relationship('Comment',
backref='target',
lazy='dynamic',
primaryjoin="Comment.target_id==User.id")
followeds = db.relationship('Follow',
foreign_keys=[Follow.follower_id],
backref=db.backref('follower', lazy='joined'),
lazy='dynamic',
cascade='all, delete-orphan')
followers = db.relationship('Follow',
foreign_keys=[Follow.followed_id],
backref=db.backref('followed', lazy='joined'),
lazy='dynamic',
cascade='all, delete-orphan')
@property
def password(self):
raise AttributeError('password is not a readable attribute')
@password.setter
def password(self, password):
self.password_hash = generate_password_hash(password)
def verify_password(self, password):
return check_password_hash(self.password_hash, password)
def ping(self):
self.last_seen = datetime.utcnow()
# db.session.add(self)
db.session.commit()
def __repr__(self):
return '<User %r>' % self.username
def follow(self, user):
if not self.is_following(user):
f = Follow(follower=self, followed=user)
db.session.add(f)
def unfollow(self, user):
f = self.followeds.filter_by(followed_id=user.id).first()
if f:
db.session.delete(f)
def is_following(self, user):
if user.id is None:
return False
return self.followeds.filter_by(
followed_id=user.id).first() is not None
def is_followed_by(self, user):
if user.id is None:
return False
return self.followers.filter_by(
follower_id=user.id).first() is not None
def is_equal(self, user):
return self.username == user.username and\
self.password_hash == user.password_hash and\
self.email == self.email
class User(UserMixin, db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
username = db.Column(db.String(64), index=True, unique=True)
email = db.Column(db.String(120), index=True, unique=True)
password_hash = db.Column(db.String(120))
posts = db.relationship('Post', backref='author', lazy='dynamic')
about_me = db.Column(db.String(140))
last_seen = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
followed = db.relationship('User',
secondary=followers,
primaryjoin=(followers.c.follower_id == id),
secondaryjoin=(followers.c.followed_id == id),
backref=db.backref('followers', lazy='dynamic'),
lazy='dynamic')
#secondary :: configures the association table
#primaryjoin :: indicates the condition that links the left-side entity and the association table
#secondaryjoin :: indicates the condition that links the right-side entity and the association table
def __repr__(self):
return "<User {}>".format(self.username)
def set_password(self, password):
self.password_hash = generate_password_hash(password)
def check_password(self, password):
return check_password_hash(self.password_hash, password)
#the MD5 support in Python works on bytes and not on strings, therefore I encode the string as bytes before passing it on to the hash function.
def avatar(self,
size): #the gravatar service treats all emails as lowercase
digest = md5(self.email.lower().encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
return 'https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/{}?d=identicon&s={}'.format(
digest,
size) #hexdigest helps to get a string representation of the hash
#HELPER METHODS
def follow(self, user):
if not self.is_following(user): #prevents duplication in the database
self.followed.append(user)
def unfollow(self, user):
if self.is_following(user): #prevents duplication in the database
self.followed.remove(user)
def is_following(self, user):
return self.followed.filter(
followers.c.followed_id == user.id).count() > 0
#filter takes an expression that is sent directly to the database, while filter_by takes keyword arguments.
def followed_posts(self):
followed = Post.query.join(
followers, (followers.c.followed_id == Post.user_id)).filter(
followers.c.follower_id == self.id)
own = Post.query.filter_by(user_id=self.id)
return followed.union(own).order_by(Post.timestamp.desc())
def get_reset_password_token(self, expires_in=600): #600 seconds
return jwt.encode(
{
'reset_password': self.id,
'exp': time() + expires_in
}, #this doesn't generate an encrypted token, what makes the token secure is that the payload {} is signed
app.config['SECRET_KEY'],
algorithm='HS256').decode(
'utf-8'
) # converted the token (byte) to a string with the decode method
@staticmethod #this is going to be the function to be called when the user clicks on the link and sends the token back to us
def verify_reset_password(token):
try:
id = jwt.decode(token,
app.config['SECRET_KEY'],
algorithms=['HS256'])['reset_password']
except:
return None
return User.query.get(id)
for obj in session._changes['update']:
add_to_index(cls.__tablename__, obj)
for obj in session._changes['delete']:
remove_from_inde(cls.__tablename__, obj)
session._changes = None
@classmethod
def reindex(cls):
for obj in cls.query:
add_to_index(cls.__tablename__, obj)
#Since this is an auxillary table that has no data other than the foreignkeys,
#that is why it is created without an associated model class.
followers = db.Table(
'followers', db.Column('follower_id', db.Integer,
db.ForeignKey('user.id')),
db.Column('followed_id', db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id')))
class User(UserMixin, db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
username = db.Column(db.String(64), index=True, unique=True)
email = db.Column(db.String(120), index=True, unique=True)
password_hash = db.Column(db.String(120))
posts = db.relationship('Post', backref='author', lazy='dynamic')
about_me = db.Column(db.String(140))
last_seen = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
followed = db.relationship('User',
secondary=followers,
primaryjoin=(followers.c.follower_id == id),
secondaryjoin=(followers.c.followed_id == id),