def test_destruction_turned_off(self):
dustmass = destroy_dust(0,1000,4e10,0.006,1e5,0.5)[0]
assert dustmass == 0
def test_dust_destruction(self):
dust_sink = destroy_dust(1,1000.,1.02e10,6.66e6,6.765e08,0.5)[0]
assert 2.02e8 < dust_sink < 2.29e8
def gas_metal_dust_mass(self, sn_rate):
"""
Calculates the gas, metal and dust mass from stars
mass is only ejected after stars die ie when
t - taum (lifetime of star) > 0
"""
# initialize
mg = self.gasmass_init
mstars = 0
md = 0
md_all = 0
md_stars = 0
md_gg = 0
metals = 0
prev_t = 1e-3
metals_pre = 0
dust_sources = []
timescales = []
mstars_list = []
z = []
z_lookup = []
sfr_list = []
sfr_lookup = []
all_results = []
# Limit time to less than tend
time = self.sfh[:, 0]
time = time[time < self.tend]
now = datetime.now()
# TIME integral
for item, t in enumerate(time):
r_sn = sn_rate[item]
metallicity = metals / mg
metals_ast = f.astration(metals, mg, self.sfr(t))
mdust_ast = f.astration(md, mg, self.sfr(t))
if self.outflows["metals"]:
metals_out = metallicity * f.outflows(self.sfr(t), self.outflows["xSFR"])
else:
metals_out = 0.0
if self.outflows["dust"]:
mdust_out = (md / mg) * f.outflows(self.sfr(t), self.outflows["xSFR"])
else:
mdust_out = 0.0
z.append([t, metallicity])
z_lookup = np.array(z)
sfr_list.append([t, self.sfr(t)])
sfr_lookup = np.array(sfr_list)
# STARS
dmstars = self.sfr(t)
# GAS
# astration, inflows, outflows
gas_ast = self.sfr(t)
gas_inf = f.inflows(self.sfr(t), self.inflows["xSFR"])
gas_out = f.outflows(self.sfr(t), self.outflows["xSFR"])
# METALS
# inflows, outflows
metals_inf = self.inflows["metals"] * f.inflows(self.sfr(t), self.inflows["xSFR"])
# DUST
# astration, inflows, outflows, grain growth, destruction
mdust_inf = self.inflows["dust"] * f.inflows(self.sfr(t), self.inflows["xSFR"])
mdust_gg, t_gg = f.graingrowth(
self.choice_dust[2], self.epsilon, mg, self.sfr(t), metallicity, md, self.coldfraction
)
mdust_des, t_des = f.destroy_dust(self.choice_des, self.destroy_ism, mg, r_sn, md, self.coldfraction)
# do the mass integral to get ejected masses for gas, metals, dust
gas_ej, metals_stars, mdust_stars = f.mass_integral(
self.choice_dust, self.reduce_sn, t, metallicity, sfr_lookup, z_lookup, self.imf
)
# gas mass integral dmg/dt =
dmg = -gas_ast + gas_ej + gas_inf - gas_out
# metal mass integral dMz/dt =
dmetals = -metals_ast + metals_stars + metals_pre + metals_inf - metals_out
# dust mass integral dMd/dt
ddust = -mdust_ast + mdust_stars + mdust_inf - mdust_out + mdust_gg - mdust_des
dust_source_all = mdust_stars + mdust_gg # dust sources stars + grain growth
dt = t - prev_t # calculate next time step
prev_t = t
mstars += dmstars * dt
mg += dmg * dt # gas mass integral
if mg <= 0:
# exit program if all ISM removed
print("Oops you have no interstellar medium left")
break
metals += dmetals * dt
md += ddust * dt # dust mass integral
md_all += dust_source_all * dt # dust mass sources integral
md_gg += mdust_gg * dt # dust source from grain growth only
md_stars += mdust_stars * dt # dust source from stars only
Z = zip(*z_lookup) # write metallicity to an array
s_f_r = zip(*sfr_lookup) # write SFR lookup array
dust_sources.append((md_all, md_stars, md_gg)) # write array of dust sources
timescales.append((t_des, t_gg)) # write array for grain growth & destruction timescales
if mg <= 0.0 or metals <= 0: # write dust/metals ratio
dust_to_metals = 0.0
else:
dust_to_metals = md / metals
all_results.append((t, mg, mstars, metals, metallicity, md, dust_to_metals, self.sfr(t) * 1e-9))
print("Gas, metal and dust mass exterior loop %s" % str(datetime.now() - now))
return np.array(dust_sources), np.array(timescales), np.array(all_results)
def gas_metal_dust_mass(self, sn_rate):
'''
Calculates the gas, metal and dust mass from stars
note mass is only ejected after stars die ie when
t - taum (where taum is lifetime of star) > 0
'''
# initialize
mg = self.gasmass_init
mstars = 0
md = 0
md_all = 0
md_stars = 0
md_gg = 0
metals = 0
prev_t = 1e-3
metals_pre = 0
mstars_list = []
z = []
z_lookup = []
sfr_list = []
sfr_lookup = []
all_results = []
# Limit time to less than tend
time = self.sfh[:,0]
time = time[time < self.tend]
now = datetime.now()
# TIME integral
for item, t in enumerate(time):
r_sn = sn_rate [item]
metallicity = metals/mg
# start appending arrays for needing later
z.append([t,metallicity])
z_lookup = array(z)
sfr_list.append([t,self.sfr(t)])
sfr_lookup = array(sfr_list)
'''
STARS: dM_stars = sfr(t) * dt
'''
dmstars = self.sfr(t)
'''
GAS: dMg = (-sfr(t) + e(t) + inflows(t) - outflows(t)) * dt
set up astration, inflow, outflow components
'''
gas_ast = self.sfr(t)
gas_inf = inflows(self.sfr(t), self.inflows['xSFR'])
gas_out = outflows(self.sfr(t), self.outflows['xSFR'])
'''
METALS: dMz = (-Z*sfr(t) + ez(t) + Z*inflows(t) - Z*outflows(t)) * dt
set up astration, inflow and outflow components
'''
metals_ast = astration(metals,mg,self.sfr(t))
if self.outflows['metals']:
metals_out = metallicity*outflows(self.sfr(t), self.outflows['xSFR'])
else:
metals_out = 0.
metals_inf = self.inflows['metals']*inflows(self.sfr(t), self.inflows['xSFR'])
'''
DUST: dMd = (-Md/Mg*sfr(t) + ed(t) + Md/Mg*inflows(t) - Md/Mg*outflows(t)
- (1-f)*Md/t_destroy + f(1-Md/Mg)*Md/t_graingrowth) * dt
set up astration, inflows, outflows, destruction, grain growth components
'''
if self.outflows['dust']:
mdust_out = (md/mg)*outflows(self.sfr(t), self.outflows['xSFR'])
else:
mdust_out = 0.
mdust_inf = self.inflows['dust']*inflows(self.sfr(t), self.inflows['xSFR'])
mdust_ast = astration(md,mg,self.sfr(t))
mdust_gg, t_gg = graingrowth(self.choice_dust['gg'], self.epsilon,mg, self.sfr(t), metallicity, md, self.coldfraction)
mdust_des, t_des = destroy_dust(self.choice_des, self.destroy_ism, mg, r_sn, md, self.coldfraction)
'''
Get ejected masses from stars when they die
gas_ej = e(t): ejected gas mass from stars of mass m at t = taum
metals_stars = ez(t): ejected metal mass from stars of mass m at t = taum (fresh + recycled)
mdust_stars = ed(t): ejected dust mass from stars of mass m at t = taum (fresh + recycled)
'''
gas_ej, metals_stars, mdust_stars = \
mass_integral(self.choice_dust, self.reduce_sn, t, metallicity, sfr_lookup, z_lookup, self.imf)
'''
integrate over time for gas, metals and stars (mg, metals, md)
'''
dmg = -gas_ast + gas_ej + gas_inf - gas_out
dmetals = -metals_ast + metals_stars + metals_pre + metals_inf - metals_out
ddust = -mdust_ast + mdust_stars + mdust_inf - mdust_out + mdust_gg - mdust_des
# dust_source_all separates out the dust sources (Md vs t) wihtout including sinks (Astration etc)
# and grain growth separately (this is the Md vs time contributed by dust sources)
dust_source_all = mdust_stars + mdust_gg
dt = t - prev_t # calculate next time step
prev_t = t
mstars += dmstars*dt
mg += dmg*dt # gas mass integral
if mg <= 0:
# exit program if all ISM removed
print ('Oops you have no interstellar medium left')
break
metals += dmetals*dt # metal mass integral
md += ddust*dt # dust mass integral
md_all += dust_source_all*dt # dust mass sources integral
md_gg += mdust_gg*dt # dust source from grain growth only
md_stars += mdust_stars*dt # dust source from stars only
Z = zip(*z_lookup) # write metallicity to an array
s_f_r = zip(*sfr_lookup) # write SFR lookup array
if mg <= 0. or metals <=0: # write dust/metals ratio
dust_to_metals = 0.
else:
dust_to_metals = md/metals
all_results.append((t, mg, mstars, metals, metallicity, \
md, dust_to_metals, self.sfr(t)*1e-9, \
md_all, md_stars, md_gg, t_des, t_gg))
# to test code kinks
print("Gas, metal and dust mass exterior loop %s" % str(datetime.now()-now))
return np.array(all_results)
def test_destruction_turned_off(self):
dustmass = destroy_dust(0, 1000, 4e10, 0.006, 1e5, 0.5, 0.36)[0]
assert dustmass == 0
def test_dust_destruction(self):
# test dust destruction timescale is on and outputs expected values
# for on,destruct,gasmass,supernova_rate,md,f_c; [0] ==> mdust_destroy
dust_sink = destroy_dust(1, 1000., 1.02e10, 6.66e6, 6.765e08, 0.5)[0]
assert 2.02e8 < dust_sink < 2.29e8
def gas_metal_dust_mass(self, sn_rate):
'''
Calculates the gas, metal and dust mass from stars
note mass is only ejected after stars die ie when
t - taum (where taum is lifetime of star) > 0
'''
# initialize
mg = self.gasmass_init
mstars = 0
md = 0
md_all = 0
md_stars = 0
md_gg = 0
metals = 0
prev_t = 1e-3
metals_pre = 0
mstars_list = []
z = []
z_lookup = []
sfr_list = []
sfr_lookup = []
all_results = []
oxymass = 0
oxymass_pre = 0
oxymass_pre = 0
oxyz = []
oxy_lookup = []
# Limit time to less than tend
time = self.sfh[:, 0] # sfr is in units of Msun Gyr^-1
time = time[time < self.tend]
now = datetime.now()
# TIME integral
for item, t in enumerate(time):
r_sn = sn_rate[item]
metallicity = metals / mg
oxy_metallicity = oxymass / mg
# start appending arrays for needing later
z.append([t, metallicity])
z_lookup = array(z)
oxyz.append([t, oxy_metallicity])
oxy_lookup = array(oxyz)
sfr_list.append([t, self.sfr(t)])
sfr_lookup = array(sfr_list)
# Now for setting up the components of the integrals
# Stars, gas and dust
'''
GAS: dMg = (-sfr(t) + e(t) + inflows(t) - outflows(t)) * dt
set up astration, inflow, outflow components
'''
gas_ast = self.sfr(t) # gas lost due to astration
# How much gas is lost or gained dure to outflows/inflows
gas_inf,gas_out = gas_inandout(
self.inflows['on'],\
self.outflows['on'],\
self.inflows['xSFR'],\
self.sfr(t),\
mstars)
# print 'time=',t,'sfr=',self.sfr(t)/1e9,'mstar=',mstars/1e10,'gas=','dust=',md_all/1e6,gas_out,gas_inf
'''
METALS: dMz = (-Z*sfr(t) + ez(t) + Z*inflows(t) - Z*outflows(t)) * dt
set up astration, inflow and outflow components
'''
# metals lost due to astration
metals_ast = astration(metals, mg, self.sfr(t))
# do oxygen metals so we can have 12+log(O/H) later
oxymass_ast = astration(oxymass, mg, self.sfr(t))
# are outflows and inflows on (True) and if so what metal parameters needed?
oxy_metal_inflow = 0.64 * self.inflows[
'metals'] # fraction of total metals made up of oxygen
metals_inf,metals_out,oxymass_inf,oxymass_out = metals_inandout(
self.inflows['on'],\
self.inflows['xSFR'],\
self.inflows['metals'],\
self.outflows['on'],\
self.outflows['metals'],\
self.sfr(t),\
metallicity,\
oxy_metallicity,\
oxy_metal_inflow,\
mstars)
'''
DUST: dMd = (-Md/Mg*sfr(t) + ed(t) + Md/Mg*inflows(t) - Md/Mg*outflows(t)
- (1-f)*Md/t_destroy + f(1-Md/Mg)*Md/t_graingrowth) * dt
set up astration, inflows, outflows, destruction, grain growth components
'''
# are outflows and inflows on (True) and if so what dust parameters needed?
mdust_inf,mdust_out = dust_inandout(
self.inflows['on'],\
self.inflows['xSFR'],\
self.inflows['dust'],\
self.outflows['on'],\
self.outflows['dust'],\
self.sfr(t),\
(md/mg),
mstars)
mdust_ast = astration(md, mg, self.sfr(t))
mdust_gg, t_gg = graingrowth(self.choice_dust['gg'],self.epsilon,mg, self.sfr(t), \
metallicity, md, self.coldfraction)
mdust_des, t_des = destroy_dust(self.destroy['on'], self.destroy['mass'], mg, r_sn, \
md, self.coldfraction)
'''
Get ejected masses from stars when they die
gas_ej = e(t): ejected gas mass from stars of mass m at t = taum
metals_stars = ez(t): ejected metal mass from stars of mass m at t = taum (fresh + recycled)
mdust_stars = ed(t): ejected dust mass from stars of mass m at t = taum (fresh + recycled)
'''
gas_ej, metals_stars, oxymass_stars, mdust_stars = \
mass_integral(self.choice_dust, self.delta_lims, self.reduce_sn, t, metallicity, sfr_lookup, z_lookup, oxy_lookup, self.imf)
'''
STARS: dM_stars = (sfr(t) - e(t) ) * dt
'''
dmstars = self.sfr(t) - gas_ej
'''
integrate over time for gas, metals and stars (mg, metals, md)
all time units should be in Gyr or per Gyr
'''
dmg = -gas_ast + gas_ej + gas_inf - gas_out
dmetals = -metals_ast + metals_stars + metals_pre + metals_inf - metals_out
doxymass = -oxymass_ast + oxymass_stars + oxymass_pre + oxymass_inf - oxymass_out
ddust = -mdust_ast + mdust_stars + mdust_inf - mdust_out + mdust_gg - mdust_des
# dust_source_all separates out the dust sources (Md vs t) wihtout including sinks (Astration etc)
# and grain growth separately (this is the Md vs time contributed by dust sources)
dust_source_all = mdust_stars + mdust_gg
dt = t - prev_t # calculate next time step
prev_t = t
mstars += dmstars * dt
mg += dmg * dt # gas mass integral
if mg <= 0:
# exit program if all ISM removed
print('Oops you have no interstellar medium left')
break
metals += dmetals * dt # metal mass integral
oxymass += doxymass * dt # oxygen mass integral
md += ddust * dt # dust mass integral
md_all += dust_source_all * dt # dust mass sources integral
md_gg += mdust_gg * dt # dust source from grain growth only
md_stars += mdust_stars * dt # dust source from stars only
Z = zip(*z_lookup) # write metallicity to an array
s_f_r = zip(*sfr_lookup) # write SFR lookup array
if mg <= 0. or metals <= 0: # write dust/metals ratio
dust_to_metals = 0.
else:
dust_to_metals = md / metals
all_results.append((t, mg, mstars, metals, metallicity, \
md, dust_to_metals, self.sfr(t)*1e-9, \
md_all, md_stars, md_gg, t_des, t_gg, oxymass))
print("Gas, metal and dust mass exterior loop %s" %
str(datetime.now() - now))
return np.array(all_results)