#!/usr/bin/python
#coding:utf-8
import module1
from module1 import printer
from module2 import *
module1.printer('Use import')
printer('Use form import')
printer2('Use form import *')
import import_multiple
print import_multiple.spam
import_multiple.spam = 33
import import_multiple # the old one, won't load again
print import_multiple.spam
reload(import_multiple) # reload
print import_multiple.spam
s = """
- 模块语句会在首次导入时候执行
- 顶层的赋值语句会创建模块属性.
* 不在 def和class之内的赋值语句,例如 =和def *
- 模块的命名空间能通过属性__dict__ 或者 dir(M) 获取
- 模块是一个独立的作用域(本地变量就是全局变量)
- reload 会在模块当前命名空间内执行模块文件的新建
- 文件中顶层赋值语句会使变量化成新值
- 重载会印象所有使用import读取了模块的客户端
- 重载只会对以后使用from的客户端造成影响
### file: module1.py
def printer(x): # Module attribute
print(x)
>>> import module1 # Get module as a whole
>>> module1.printer('Hello world!') # Qualify to get names
Hello world!
>>> from module1 import printer # Copy out one variable
>>> printer('Hello world!') # No need to qualify name
Hello world!
>>> from module1 import * # Copy out all variables
>>> printer('Hello world!')
Hello world!
### file: simple.py
print('hello')
spam = 1 # Initialize variable
import module1
module1.printer('Hi!')
print(module1)
# printer
print(module1.printer)
import module1 # Get module as a whole (one or more)
module1.printer('Hello world!') # Qualify to get names - Hello world!
# The import statement
import module1 # Get module as a whole (one or more)
module1.printer('Hello world!') # Qualify to get names
# The from Statement
from module1 import printer # Copy out a variable (one or more)
printer('Hello world!') # No need to qualify name
# The from * Statement
from module1 import * # Copy out _all_variables
printer('Hello world!')
# Imports Happen Only Once
import simple # First import: loads and runs file's code
print(simple.spam) # Assignment makes an attribute
simple.spam = 2 # Change attribute in module
import simple # Just fetches already loaded module
printer(simple.spam) # Code wasn't rerun: attribute unchanged
# import and from Are Assignments
from small import x, y # Copy two names out
x = 42 # Changes local x only
y[0] = 42 # Changes shared mutable in place
import small # Get module name (from doesn't)
print(small.x) # Smalls x is not my x
__author__ = 'pavang'
__Date___ = ''
import module1
module1.printer("Python")
module1.printer = "Hello"
print(module1.printer)
# print(module1.__dict__)
var = "var of init"
# accessing local and module attribute
print(var)
print(module1.var)
if __name__ == '__main__':
from module1 import printer
printer('hello world')
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import module1
module1.printer('Hello World!')
if __name__ == '__main__':
import module1
module1.printer('hello world')
# Python modules are easy to create; they’re just files of Python program code created
# with a text editor. You don’t need to write special syntax to tell Python you’re making
# a module; almost any text file will do. Because Python handles all the details of finding
# and loading modules, modules are also easy to use; clients simply import a module, or
# specific names a module defines, and use the objects they reference.
# To define a module, simply use your text editor to type some Python code into a text
# file, and save it with a “.py” extension; any such file is automatically considered a
# Python module
from module1 import printer
import module1
module1.printer('test but longer')
printer('test')
# When a module is imported, Python maps the internal module name to an external
# filename by adding a directory path from the module search path to the front, and
# a .py or other extension at the end. For instance, a module named M ultimately maps
# to some external file <directory>\M.<extension> that contains the module’s code.
# As mentioned in the preceding chapter, it is also possible to create a Python module by
# writing code in an external language such as C, C++, and others (e.g., Java, in the
# Jython implementation of the language). Such modules are called extension modules,
# and they are generally used to wrap up external libraries for use in Python scripts.
# import fetches the module as a whole, so you
# must qualify to fetch its names; in contrast, from fetches (or copies) specific names out
# of the module.
test = module1.printer
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
# 本脚本由黄猛编写，用于Python学习！
import module1
module1.printer('欢迎来到乾颐堂！！')
if __name__ == '__main__':
pass
#!/usr/bin/env python
print "------ starting OOP -------"
import sys
#from
#reload
import module1
module1.printer("test module")
from module1 import printer
printer("Using from", 123)
from module1 import printer # Copy out a variable (one or more)
printer('Hello world!!') # No need to qualify name - Hello world!!
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
# 本脚由亁颐堂现任明教教主编写，用于乾颐盾Python课程！
# 教主QQ:605658506
# 亁颐堂官网www.qytang.com
# 教主技术进化论拓展你的技术新边疆
# https://ke.qq.com/course/271956?tuin=24199d8a
import module1
module1.printer('欢迎来到亁颐堂')
# import문
import module1 # 모듈 전체를 가져옴(하나 또는 그 이상)
module1.printer('Hello world!') # 이름들을 가져오기 위해 인정(qualify)
# Hello world!
import module1
module1.printer("Hello World")
from module1 import printer2
printer2("Hello Again World")
import module2
print(module2.name)
print(module2.func)
print(module2.klass)
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import module1
module1.printer('')
from module1 import printer
printer('Hello world!')
from module1 import *
printer('Hello world!')
print('module1.spam =', module1.spam)
module1.spam = 2
import module1
print('module1.spam =', module1.spam)
from small import x, y
print("x: ", x)
print("y: ", y)
x = 42
y[0] = 42
import small
print("x: ", small.x)
print("y: ", small.y)
from module1 import printer
from module2 import printer
# module2's printer, it will override module1
printer("helllo")
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
# 本脚由亁颐堂现任明教教主编写，用于乾颐盾Python课程！
# 教主QQ:605658506
# 亁颐堂官网www.qytang.com
# 教主技术进化论拓展你的技术新边疆
# https://ke.qq.com/course/271956?tuin=24199d8a
from module1 import printer
printer('欢迎来到亁颐堂')
# from문
from module1 import printer # 변수를 복사(하나 또는 그 이상)
printer('Hello world!') # 이름을 인정할 필요가 없음
# Hello world!
import module1
print(dir(module1))
module1.printer('taosm')
__author__ = 'pavang'
__Date___ = ''
import module1
# from module1 import printer
# from module1 import *
# print(module1.var)
module1.printer("Only Import")
print(module1.var)
# printer("From statement")
print('=' * 30 + ' module1 dir ' + '=' * 40)
#print(dir(module1))
#includes inherited names for classes
# print(module1.__dict__)
# Another way of modifying attributes
module1.__dict__['var'] = 50
print(module1.var)
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
# 本脚本由黄猛编写，用于Python学习！
from module1 import printer
printer('Welcome to the home of Zijie Huang!!!!')
if __name__ == '__main__':
pass
