def test_frozen():
"""Test attributes inherited from FrozenObject"""
a = LIF()
b = LIF()
c = LIF(tau_rc=0.3)
d = Izhikevich()
assert hash(a) == hash(a)
assert hash(b) == hash(b)
assert hash(c) == hash(c)
assert hash(d) == hash(d)
assert a == b
assert hash(a) == hash(b)
assert a != c
assert hash(a) != hash(c) # not guaranteed, but highly likely
assert b != c
assert hash(b) != hash(c) # not guaranteed, but highly likely
assert a != d
assert hash(a) != hash(d) # not guaranteed, but highly likely
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
a.tau_rc = 0.3
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
d.coupling = 8
def test_frozen():
"""Test attributes inherited from FrozenObject"""
a = LIF()
b = LIF()
c = LIF(tau_rc=0.3)
d = Izhikevich()
assert hash(a) == hash(a)
assert hash(b) == hash(b)
assert hash(c) == hash(c)
assert hash(d) == hash(d)
assert a == b
assert hash(a) == hash(b)
assert a != c
assert hash(a) != hash(c) # not guaranteed, but highly likely
assert b != c
assert hash(b) != hash(c) # not guaranteed, but highly likely
assert a != d
assert hash(a) != hash(d) # not guaranteed, but highly likely
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
a.tau_rc = 0.3
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
d.coupling = 8
def test_izhikevich(Simulator, plt, seed, rng):
"""Smoke test for using Izhikevich neurons.
Tests that the 6 parameter sets listed in the original paper can be
simulated in Nengo (but doesn't test any properties of them).
"""
with nengo.Network() as m:
u = nengo.Node(output=WhiteSignal(0.6, high=10), size_out=1)
# Seed the ensembles (not network) so we get the same sort of neurons
ens_args = {"n_neurons": 4, "dimensions": 1, "seed": seed}
rs = nengo.Ensemble(neuron_type=Izhikevich(), **ens_args)
ib = nengo.Ensemble(neuron_type=Izhikevich(reset_voltage=-55,
reset_recovery=4),
**ens_args)
ch = nengo.Ensemble(neuron_type=Izhikevich(reset_voltage=-50,
reset_recovery=2),
**ens_args)
fs = nengo.Ensemble(neuron_type=Izhikevich(tau_recovery=0.1),
**ens_args)
lts = nengo.Ensemble(neuron_type=Izhikevich(coupling=0.25), **ens_args)
rz = nengo.Ensemble(neuron_type=Izhikevich(tau_recovery=0.1,
coupling=0.26),
**ens_args)
ensembles = (rs, ib, ch, fs, lts, rz)
out = {}
spikes = {}
for ens in ensembles:
nengo.Connection(u, ens)
out[ens] = nengo.Probe(ens, synapse=0.05)
spikes[ens] = nengo.Probe(ens.neurons)
up = nengo.Probe(u)
with Simulator(m, seed=seed + 1) as sim:
sim.run(0.6)
t = sim.trange()
def plot(ens, title, ix):
ax = plt.subplot(len(ensembles), 1, ix)
plt.title(title)
plt.plot(t, sim.data[out[ens]], c="k", lw=1.5)
plt.plot(t, sim.data[up], c="k", ls=":")
ax = ax.twinx()
ax.set_yticks(())
rasterplot(t, sim.data[spikes[ens]], ax=ax)
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 12))
plot(rs, "Regular spiking", 1)
plot(ib, "Intrinsically bursting", 2)
plot(ch, "Chattering", 3)
plot(fs, "Fast spiking", 4)
plot(lts, "Low-threshold spiking", 5)
plot(rz, "Resonator", 6)
def test_probeable():
def check_neuron_type(neuron_type, expected):
assert neuron_type.probeable == expected
ens = nengo.Ensemble(10, 1, neuron_type=neuron_type)
assert ens.neurons.probeable == expected + ("input", )
with nengo.Network():
check_neuron_type(Direct(), ("output", ))
check_neuron_type(RectifiedLinear(), ("output", ))
check_neuron_type(SpikingRectifiedLinear(), ("output", "voltage"))
check_neuron_type(Sigmoid(), ("output", ))
check_neuron_type(Tanh(), ("output", ))
check_neuron_type(LIFRate(), ("output", ))
check_neuron_type(LIF(), ("output", "voltage", "refractory_time"))
check_neuron_type(AdaptiveLIFRate(), ("output", "adaptation"))
check_neuron_type(
AdaptiveLIF(),
("output", "voltage", "refractory_time", "adaptation"))
check_neuron_type(Izhikevich(), ("output", "voltage", "recovery"))
check_neuron_type(RegularSpiking(LIFRate()),
("output", "rate_out", "voltage"))
check_neuron_type(StochasticSpiking(AdaptiveLIFRate()),
("output", "rate_out", "adaptation"))
check_neuron_type(PoissonSpiking(LIFRate()), ("output", "rate_out"))
def test_argreprs():
"""Test repr() for each neuron type."""
def check_init_args(cls, args):
assert getfullargspec(cls.__init__).args[1:] == args
def check_repr(obj):
assert eval(repr(obj)) == obj
check_init_args(Direct, [])
check_repr(Direct())
check_init_args(RectifiedLinear, ["amplitude"])
check_repr(RectifiedLinear())
check_repr(RectifiedLinear(amplitude=2))
check_init_args(SpikingRectifiedLinear, ["amplitude"])
check_repr(SpikingRectifiedLinear())
check_repr(SpikingRectifiedLinear(amplitude=2))
check_init_args(Sigmoid, ["tau_ref"])
check_repr(Sigmoid())
check_repr(Sigmoid(tau_ref=0.1))
check_init_args(LIFRate, ["tau_rc", "tau_ref", "amplitude"])
check_repr(LIFRate())
check_repr(LIFRate(tau_rc=0.1))
check_repr(LIFRate(tau_ref=0.1))
check_repr(LIFRate(amplitude=2))
check_repr(LIFRate(tau_rc=0.05, tau_ref=0.02))
check_repr(LIFRate(tau_rc=0.05, amplitude=2))
check_repr(LIFRate(tau_ref=0.02, amplitude=2))
check_repr(LIFRate(tau_rc=0.05, tau_ref=0.02, amplitude=2))
check_init_args(LIF, ["tau_rc", "tau_ref", "min_voltage", "amplitude"])
check_repr(LIF())
check_repr(LIF(tau_rc=0.1))
check_repr(LIF(tau_ref=0.1))
check_repr(LIF(amplitude=2))
check_repr(LIF(min_voltage=-0.5))
check_repr(LIF(tau_rc=0.05, tau_ref=0.02))
check_repr(LIF(tau_rc=0.05, amplitude=2))
check_repr(LIF(tau_ref=0.02, amplitude=2))
check_repr(LIF(tau_rc=0.05, tau_ref=0.02, amplitude=2))
check_repr(LIF(tau_rc=0.05, tau_ref=0.02, min_voltage=-0.5, amplitude=2))
check_init_args(AdaptiveLIFRate,
["tau_n", "inc_n", "tau_rc", "tau_ref", "amplitude"])
check_repr(AdaptiveLIFRate())
check_repr(AdaptiveLIFRate(tau_n=0.1))
check_repr(AdaptiveLIFRate(inc_n=0.5))
check_repr(AdaptiveLIFRate(tau_rc=0.1))
check_repr(AdaptiveLIFRate(tau_ref=0.1))
check_repr(AdaptiveLIFRate(amplitude=2))
check_repr(
AdaptiveLIFRate(tau_n=0.1,
inc_n=0.5,
tau_rc=0.05,
tau_ref=0.02,
amplitude=2))
check_init_args(
AdaptiveLIF,
["tau_n", "inc_n", "tau_rc", "tau_ref", "min_voltage", "amplitude"])
check_repr(AdaptiveLIF())
check_repr(AdaptiveLIF(tau_n=0.1))
check_repr(AdaptiveLIF(inc_n=0.5))
check_repr(AdaptiveLIF(tau_rc=0.1))
check_repr(AdaptiveLIF(tau_ref=0.1))
check_repr(AdaptiveLIF(min_voltage=-0.5))
check_repr(
AdaptiveLIF(
tau_n=0.1,
inc_n=0.5,
tau_rc=0.05,
tau_ref=0.02,
min_voltage=-0.5,
amplitude=2,
))
check_init_args(
Izhikevich,
["tau_recovery", "coupling", "reset_voltage", "reset_recovery"])
check_repr(Izhikevich())
check_repr(Izhikevich(tau_recovery=0.1))
check_repr(Izhikevich(coupling=0.3))
check_repr(Izhikevich(reset_voltage=-1))
check_repr(Izhikevich(reset_recovery=5))
check_repr(
Izhikevich(tau_recovery=0.1,
coupling=0.3,
reset_voltage=-1,
reset_recovery=5))
def test_mergeable():
# anything is mergeable with an empty list
assert mergeable(None, [])
# ops with different numbers of sets/incs/reads/updates are not mergeable
assert not mergeable(dummies.Op(sets=[dummies.Signal()]), [dummies.Op()])
assert not mergeable(dummies.Op(incs=[dummies.Signal()]), [dummies.Op()])
assert not mergeable(dummies.Op(reads=[dummies.Signal()]), [dummies.Op()])
assert not mergeable(dummies.Op(updates=[dummies.Signal()]), [dummies.Op()])
assert mergeable(dummies.Op(sets=[dummies.Signal()]),
[dummies.Op(sets=[dummies.Signal()])])
# check matching dtypes
assert not mergeable(dummies.Op(sets=[dummies.Signal(dtype=np.float32)]),
[dummies.Op(sets=[dummies.Signal(dtype=np.float64)])])
# shape mismatch
assert not mergeable(dummies.Op(sets=[dummies.Signal(shape=(1, 2))]),
[dummies.Op(sets=[dummies.Signal(shape=(1, 3))])])
# display shape mismatch
assert not mergeable(
dummies.Op(sets=[dummies.Signal(base_shape=(2, 2), shape=(4, 1))]),
[dummies.Op(sets=[dummies.Signal(base_shape=(2, 2), shape=(1, 4))])])
# first dimension mismatch
assert mergeable(dummies.Op(sets=[dummies.Signal(shape=(3, 2))]),
[dummies.Op(sets=[dummies.Signal(shape=(4, 2))])])
# Copy (inc must match)
assert mergeable(Copy(dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(), inc=True),
[Copy(dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(), inc=True)])
assert not mergeable(Copy(dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(), inc=True),
[Copy(dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(), inc=False)])
# elementwise (first dimension must match)
assert mergeable(
ElementwiseInc(dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal()),
[ElementwiseInc(dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal())])
assert mergeable(
ElementwiseInc(dummies.Signal(shape=(1,)), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal()),
[ElementwiseInc(dummies.Signal(shape=()), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal())])
assert not mergeable(
ElementwiseInc(dummies.Signal(shape=(3,)), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal()),
[ElementwiseInc(dummies.Signal(shape=(2,)), dummies.Signal(),
dummies.Signal())])
# simpyfunc (t input must match)
time = dummies.Signal()
assert mergeable(SimPyFunc(None, None, time, None),
[SimPyFunc(None, None, time, None)])
assert mergeable(SimPyFunc(None, None, None, dummies.Signal()),
[SimPyFunc(None, None, None, dummies.Signal())])
assert not mergeable(SimPyFunc(None, None, dummies.Signal(), None),
[SimPyFunc(None, None, None, dummies.Signal())])
# simneurons
# check matching TF_NEURON_IMPL
assert mergeable(SimNeurons(LIF(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal()),
[SimNeurons(LIF(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal())])
assert not mergeable(SimNeurons(LIF(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal()),
[SimNeurons(LIFRate(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal())])
# check custom with non-custom implementation
assert not mergeable(SimNeurons(LIF(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal()),
[SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), dummies.Signal(),
dummies.Signal())])
# check non-custom matching
assert not mergeable(
SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal()),
[SimNeurons(AdaptiveLIF(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal())])
assert not mergeable(
SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(),
states=[dummies.Signal(dtype=np.float32)]),
[SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(),
states=[dummies.Signal(dtype=np.int32)])])
assert mergeable(
SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(),
states=[dummies.Signal(shape=(3,))]),
[SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(),
states=[dummies.Signal(shape=(2,))])])
assert not mergeable(
SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(),
states=[dummies.Signal(shape=(2, 1))]),
[SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(),
states=[dummies.Signal(shape=(2, 2))])])
# simprocess
# mode must match
assert not mergeable(
SimProcess(Lowpass(0), None, dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(),
mode="inc"),
[SimProcess(Lowpass(0), None, dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(),
mode="set")])
# check that lowpass match
assert mergeable(SimProcess(Lowpass(0), None, None, dummies.Signal()),
[SimProcess(Lowpass(0), None, None, dummies.Signal())])
# check that lowpass and linear don't match
assert not mergeable(SimProcess(Lowpass(0), None, None, dummies.Signal()),
[SimProcess(Alpha(0), None, None, dummies.Signal())])
# check that two linear do match
assert mergeable(
SimProcess(Alpha(0.1), dummies.Signal(), None, dummies.Signal()),
[SimProcess(LinearFilter([1], [1, 1, 1]), dummies.Signal(), None,
dummies.Signal())])
# check custom and non-custom don't match
assert not mergeable(SimProcess(Triangle(0), None, None, dummies.Signal()),
[SimProcess(Alpha(0), None, None, dummies.Signal())])
# check non-custom matching
assert mergeable(SimProcess(Triangle(0), None, None, dummies.Signal()),
[SimProcess(Triangle(0), None, None, dummies.Signal())])
# simtensornode
a = SimTensorNode(None, dummies.Signal(), None, dummies.Signal())
assert not mergeable(a, [a])
# learning rules
a = SimBCM(dummies.Signal((4,)), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(),
dummies.Signal())
b = SimBCM(dummies.Signal((5,)), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(), dummies.Signal(),
dummies.Signal())
assert not mergeable(a, [b])
def test_mergeable():
# anything is mergeable with an empty list
assert mergeable(None, [])
# ops with different numbers of sets/incs/reads/updates are not mergeable
assert not mergeable(DummyOp(sets=[DummySignal()]), [DummyOp()])
assert not mergeable(DummyOp(incs=[DummySignal()]), [DummyOp()])
assert not mergeable(DummyOp(reads=[DummySignal()]), [DummyOp()])
assert not mergeable(DummyOp(updates=[DummySignal()]), [DummyOp()])
assert mergeable(DummyOp(sets=[DummySignal()]),
[DummyOp(sets=[DummySignal()])])
# check matching dtypes
assert not mergeable(DummyOp(sets=[DummySignal(dtype=np.float32)]),
[DummyOp(sets=[DummySignal(dtype=np.float64)])])
# shape mismatch
assert not mergeable(DummyOp(sets=[DummySignal(shape=(1, 2))]),
[DummyOp(sets=[DummySignal(shape=(1, 3))])])
# display shape mismatch
assert not mergeable(
DummyOp(sets=[DummySignal(base_shape=(2, 2), shape=(4, 1))]),
[DummyOp(sets=[DummySignal(base_shape=(2, 2), shape=(1, 4))])])
# first dimension mismatch
assert mergeable(DummyOp(sets=[DummySignal(shape=(3, 2))]),
[DummyOp(sets=[DummySignal(shape=(4, 2))])])
# Copy (inc must match)
assert mergeable(Copy(DummySignal(), DummySignal(), inc=True),
[Copy(DummySignal(), DummySignal(), inc=True)])
assert not mergeable(Copy(DummySignal(), DummySignal(), inc=True),
[Copy(DummySignal(), DummySignal(), inc=False)])
# elementwise (first dimension must match)
assert mergeable(
ElementwiseInc(DummySignal(), DummySignal(), DummySignal()),
[ElementwiseInc(DummySignal(), DummySignal(), DummySignal())])
assert mergeable(
ElementwiseInc(DummySignal(shape=(1,)), DummySignal(), DummySignal()),
[ElementwiseInc(DummySignal(shape=()), DummySignal(), DummySignal())])
assert not mergeable(
ElementwiseInc(DummySignal(shape=(3,)), DummySignal(), DummySignal()),
[ElementwiseInc(DummySignal(shape=(2,)), DummySignal(),
DummySignal())])
# simpyfunc (t input must match)
time = DummySignal()
assert mergeable(SimPyFunc(None, None, time, None),
[SimPyFunc(None, None, time, None)])
assert mergeable(SimPyFunc(None, None, None, DummySignal()),
[SimPyFunc(None, None, None, DummySignal())])
assert not mergeable(SimPyFunc(None, None, DummySignal(), None),
[SimPyFunc(None, None, None, DummySignal())])
# simneurons
# check matching TF_NEURON_IMPL
assert mergeable(SimNeurons(LIF(), DummySignal(), DummySignal()),
[SimNeurons(LIF(), DummySignal(), DummySignal())])
assert not mergeable(SimNeurons(LIF(), DummySignal(), DummySignal()),
[SimNeurons(LIFRate(), DummySignal(), DummySignal())])
# check custom with non-custom implementation
assert not mergeable(SimNeurons(LIF(), DummySignal(), DummySignal()),
[SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), DummySignal(),
DummySignal())])
# check non-custom matching
assert not mergeable(
SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), DummySignal(), DummySignal()),
[SimNeurons(AdaptiveLIF(), DummySignal(), DummySignal())])
assert not mergeable(
SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), DummySignal(), DummySignal(),
states=[DummySignal(dtype=np.float32)]),
[SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), DummySignal(), DummySignal(),
states=[DummySignal(dtype=np.int32)])])
assert mergeable(
SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), DummySignal(), DummySignal(),
states=[DummySignal(shape=(3,))]),
[SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), DummySignal(), DummySignal(),
states=[DummySignal(shape=(2,))])])
assert not mergeable(
SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), DummySignal(), DummySignal(),
states=[DummySignal(shape=(2, 1))]),
[SimNeurons(Izhikevich(), DummySignal(), DummySignal(),
states=[DummySignal(shape=(2, 2))])])
# simprocess
# mode must match
assert not mergeable(
SimProcess(Lowpass(0), None, None, DummySignal(), mode="inc"),
[SimProcess(Lowpass(0), None, None, DummySignal(), mode="set")])
# check matching TF_PROCESS_IMPL
# note: we only have one item in TF_PROCESS_IMPL at the moment, so no
# such thing as a mismatch
assert mergeable(SimProcess(Lowpass(0), None, None, DummySignal()),
[SimProcess(Lowpass(0), None, None, DummySignal())])
# check custom vs non custom
assert not mergeable(SimProcess(Lowpass(0), None, None, DummySignal()),
[SimProcess(Alpha(0), None, None, DummySignal())])
# check non-custom matching
assert mergeable(SimProcess(Triangle(0), None, None, DummySignal()),
[SimProcess(Alpha(0), None, None, DummySignal())])
# simtensornode
a = SimTensorNode(None, DummySignal(), None, DummySignal())
assert not mergeable(a, [a])
# learning rules
a = SimBCM(DummySignal((4,)), DummySignal(), DummySignal(), DummySignal(),
DummySignal())
b = SimBCM(DummySignal((5,)), DummySignal(), DummySignal(), DummySignal(),
DummySignal())
assert not mergeable(a, [b])
