def test_sort_index_categorical_index(self):
df = DataFrame({
"A":
np.arange(6, dtype="int64"),
"B":
Series(list("aabbca")).astype(CategoricalDtype(list("cab"))),
}).set_index("B")
result = df.sort_index()
expected = df.iloc[[4, 0, 1, 5, 2, 3]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.sort_index(ascending=False)
expected = df.iloc[[2, 3, 0, 1, 5, 4]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_unique_index_series(self, ordered):
# GH38140
dtype = CategoricalDtype([3, 2, 1], ordered=ordered)
c = Categorical([3, 1, 2, 2, 1], dtype=dtype)
# Categorical.unique sorts categories by appearance order
# if ordered=False
exp = Categorical([3, 1, 2], dtype=dtype)
tm.assert_categorical_equal(c.unique(), exp)
tm.assert_index_equal(Index(c).unique(), Index(exp))
tm.assert_categorical_equal(Series(c).unique(), exp)
c = Categorical([1, 1, 2, 2], dtype=dtype)
exp = Categorical([1, 2], dtype=dtype)
tm.assert_categorical_equal(c.unique(), exp)
tm.assert_index_equal(Index(c).unique(), Index(exp))
tm.assert_categorical_equal(Series(c).unique(), exp)
def X_feature_label_encode(self, dataframe: DataFrame) -> DataFrame:
for label_string, fieldnames in self.params[
'X_feature_label_encode'].items():
labels = label_string.split(',')
category_dtype = CategoricalDtype(categories=labels, ordered=True)
encoder = LabelEncoder()
encoder.fit(labels)
for fieldname in fieldnames:
# Replace NaN with first label 'NA', encoder.transform() will throw exception on unseen values
dataframe[fieldname] = dataframe[fieldname].astype(
category_dtype)
dataframe[fieldname].fillna(labels[0], inplace=True)
dataframe[f"{fieldname}_Numeric"] = encoder.transform(
dataframe[fieldname])
self.params['X_feature_exclude'] += list(
flatten(self.params['X_feature_label_encode'].values()))
return dataframe
def clean_nsr(df):
od = developer
nsr_var = [
'parents', 'has_nurs', 'form', 'children', 'housing', 'finance',
'social', 'health', 'target'
]
df.columns = nsr_var
raw = df.copy()
#raw = raw.replace({'inconv': 0, 'convenient': 1})
df = df.replace('_', '', regex=True)
#df = df.replace(' ', '', regex=True)
df = df.drop(columns=['finance'])
for i in df.columns:
df[i] = df[i].astype('category')
r = od[i]
cat_r = CategoricalDtype(categories=r, ordered=True)
# give the order
df[i] = df[i].cat.reorder_categories(r, ordered=True)
df['finance'] = raw['finance']
return df
def test_unique(self, ordered):
# GH38140
dtype = CategoricalDtype(["a", "b", "c"], ordered=ordered)
# categories are reordered based on value when ordered=False
cat = Categorical(["a", "b", "c"], dtype=dtype)
res = cat.unique()
tm.assert_categorical_equal(res, cat)
cat = Categorical(["a", "b", "a", "a"], dtype=dtype)
res = cat.unique()
tm.assert_categorical_equal(res, Categorical(["a", "b"], dtype=dtype))
cat = Categorical(["c", "a", "b", "a", "a"], dtype=dtype)
res = cat.unique()
exp_cat = Categorical(["c", "a", "b"], dtype=dtype)
tm.assert_categorical_equal(res, exp_cat)
# nan must be removed
cat = Categorical(["b", np.nan, "b", np.nan, "a"], dtype=dtype)
res = cat.unique()
exp_cat = Categorical(["b", np.nan, "a"], dtype=dtype)
tm.assert_categorical_equal(res, exp_cat)
def load_dframe(sujb_num):
fname = "prodroma.xlsx"
subj_num = 0
dframe = pd.read_excel(fname,
sheet_name=subj_num,
skiprows=10,
usecols="B:CR",
index_col=0).T
dframe = dframe.rename(
columns={
"день": "day",
"Время заполнения ТП": "fillin_time",
"ГБ новая": "ha_new",
"ГБ продолжение": "ha_cont",
"Начало боли": "ha_start",
"Окончание боли": "ha_stop",
"Обезболивающее": "painkiller",
"Название": "painkiller_name",
"аура": "aura",
"Боль сейчас": "ha_now",
"ВАШ макс": "your_max",
"односторонняя": "onesided",
"пульсация": "pulsation",
"усиление движением": "intens_by_mov",
"тошнота": "vomiting",
"чувствительность к свету": "light_sens_bin",
"чувствительность к звуку": "noise_sens_bin",
"чувствительность к запахам": "smell_sens_bin",
"заметил провокатор": "noticed_trigger",
"какой триггер": "which_trigger",
"Продолжительность сна": "sleep_duration",
"Качество сна": "sleep_quality",
"Свежесть после сна": "sleep_freshness",
"Больше света, чем обычно": "a_lot_light",
"Чувствительность к свету": "light_sens_cat",
"Больше звука чем обычно": "a_lot_noise",
"Чувствительность к звуку": "noise_sens_cat",
"Были резкие запахи?": "strong_smells",
"Чувствительность к запахам": "smell_sens_cat",
"Пропуск приема пищи": "meal_skip",
"Чувство голода": "hunger",
"Воды достаточно?": "hydration",
"Жажда": "thirst",
"Алкоголь": "alcohol",
"кофеин": "caffeine",
"сыр, шоко, цитрус": "cheese_choco_citrus",
"Хотелось шоколада": "wanted_choco",
"Чувство усталости": "tiredness",
"Сложность концентрации": "focus_difficulty",
"Тревога": "anxiety",
"Депрессия": "depression",
"Работоспособность": "productivity",
"Работосособность": "productivity",
"Сонливость": "sleepiness",
"Зевания": "yawning",
"Напряжение глаз": "eye_strain",
"боль в шее": "neck_pain",
"Чувствит кожи головы": "scalp_sens",
"Физическая ативность": "exercise",
"какой день": "which_day",
"Перелеты": "flights",
"1 день менструации": "pms_1st_day",
"подташнивает": "nausea",
"вегетатика": "vegetatics",
"мочеиспускание": "urination",
"% заполнения дневника": "journal_completion_percentage",
"комментарий": "comment",
"дата": "date",
"ТП": "TP",
})
dframe = dframe.set_index(["date", "TP"])
dframe.columns.rename(None, inplace=True)
dframe.fillin_time = pd.to_datetime(dframe.fillin_time)
dframe.replace(to_replace="да", value=True, inplace=True)
dframe.replace(to_replace="нет", value=False, inplace=True)
dframe["ha_new"] = dframe["ha_new"].fillna(False)
dframe["ha_cont"] = dframe["ha_cont"].fillna(False)
dframe["ha_now"] = dframe["ha_new"] | dframe["ha_cont"]
dframe["painkiller"] = dframe["painkiller"].fillna(False)
dframe["vomiting"] = dframe["vomiting"].fillna(False)
dframe["intens_by_mov"] = dframe["intens_by_mov"].fillna(False)
dframe["pulsation"] = dframe["pulsation"].fillna(False)
dframe["light_sens_bin"] = dframe["light_sens_bin"].fillna(False)
dframe["noise_sens_bin"] = dframe["noise_sens_bin"].fillna(False)
dframe["smell_sens_bin"] = dframe["smell_sens_bin"].fillna(False)
dframe["flights"] = dframe["flights"].fillna(False)
dframe["pms_1st_day"] = dframe["pms_1st_day"].fillna(False)
cat_type = CategoricalDtype([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], ordered=True)
for col in [
"anxiety",
"depression",
"tiredness",
"productivity",
"sleepiness",
"light_sens_cat",
"smell_sens_cat",
"noise_sens_cat",
"sleep_quality",
"sleep_freshness",
"hunger",
]:
dframe[col] = dframe[col].astype(cat_type)
# dframe["anxiety"] = dframe["depression"].astype(int).astype('category')
return dframe
def test_unique(self, data, categories, expected_data, ordered):
dtype = CategoricalDtype(categories, ordered=ordered)
idx = CategoricalIndex(data, dtype=dtype)
expected = CategoricalIndex(expected_data, dtype=dtype)
tm.assert_index_equal(idx.unique(), expected)
columns=list('ABCDEF'))
initMetadata(df)
MARKERS = ['hex', 'circle_x', 'triangle', 'square']
markerFactor = factor_mark('DDC', MARKERS, ["A0", "A1", "A2", "A3", "A4"])
colorFactor = factor_cmap('DDC', 'Category10_6',
["A0", "A1", "A2", "A3", "A4"])
mapDDC = {0: "A0", 1: "A1", 2: "A2", 3: "A3", 4: "A4"}
df.eval("Bool=A>0.5", inplace=True)
df.eval("BoolB=B>0.5", inplace=True)
df.eval("BoolC=C>0.1", inplace=True)
df["A"] = df["A"].round(3)
df["B"] = df["B"].round(3)
df["C"] = df["C"].round(3)
df["D"] = df["D"].round(3)
df["AA"] = ((df.A * 10).round(0)).astype(CategoricalDtype(ordered=True))
df["CC"] = ((df.C * 5).round(0)).astype(int)
df["DD"] = ((df.D * 4).round(0)).astype(int)
df["DDC"] = ((df.D * 4).round(0)).astype(int).map(mapDDC)
df["EE"] = (df.E * 4).round(0)
df['errY'] = df.A * 0.02 + 0.02
df.head(10)
df.meta.metaData = {
'A.AxisTitle': "A (cm)",
'B.AxisTitle': "B (cm/s)",
'C.AxisTitle': "C (s)",
'D.AxisTitle': "D (a.u.)",
'Bool.AxisTitle': "A>half",
'E.AxisTitle': "Category"
}
def tree2Panda(tree, include, selection, **kwargs):
r"""
Convert selected items from the tree into panda table
TODO:
* to consult with uproot
* currently not able to work with friend trees
* check the latest version of RDeatFrame (in AliRoot latest v16.16.00)
* Add filter on metadata - e.g class of variables
:param tree: input tree
:param include: regular expresion array - processing Tree+Friends, branches, aliases
:param selection: tree selection ()
:param kwargs:
* exclude exclude arrray
* firstEntry firt entry to enter
* nEntries number of entries to convert
* column mask
:return: panda data frame
"""
options = {
"exclude": [],
"firstEntry": 0,
"nEntries": 100000000,
"columnMask": [[".fX$", "_X"], [".fY$", "_y"], [".fElements", ""]],
"category":0,
"verbose": 0
}
options.update(kwargs)
if not hasattr(tree, 'anyTree'):
treeToAnyTree(tree) # expand tree/aliases/variables - if not done before
anyTree = tree.anyTree
# check regular expressions in anyTree
variablesTree = findSelectedBranches(anyTree, include, options["exclude"])
variables = ""
for var in variablesTree:
# if var.length<2: continue
var = var.replace("/", ".")
variables += var + ":"
# check if valid TTree formula
for var in include:
if ".*" in var:
continue
formula= ROOT.TTreeFormula('test', var, tree)
if (formula.GetNdim()>0):
variables += var + ":"
variables = variables[0:-1]
entries = tree.Draw(str(variables), selection, "goffpara", options["nEntries"], options["firstEntry"]) # query data
columns = variables.split(":")
for i, column in enumerate(columns):
columns[i] = column.replace(".", "_")
# replace column names
# 1.) pandas does not allow dots in names
# 2.) user can specified own column mask
for i, column in enumerate(columns):
for mask in options["columnMask"]:
columns[i] = columns[i].replace(mask[0], mask[1])
ex_dict = {}
for i, a in enumerate(columns):
val = tree.GetVal(i)
ex_dict[a] = np.frombuffer(val, dtype=float, count=entries)
df = pd.DataFrame(ex_dict, columns=columns)
for i, a in enumerate(columns):
if (tree.GetLeaf(a)):
if (tree.GetLeaf(a).ClassName() == 'TLeafC'): df[a]=df[a].astype(np.int8)
if (tree.GetLeaf(a).ClassName() == 'TLeafS'): df[a]=df[a].astype(np.int16)
if (tree.GetLeaf(a).ClassName() == 'TLeafI'): df[a]=df[a].astype(np.int32)
if (tree.GetLeaf(a).ClassName() == 'TLeafL'): df[a]=df[a].astype(np.int64)
if (tree.GetLeaf(a).ClassName() == 'TLeafB'): df[a] = df[a].astype(bool)
if (options["category"]>0):
dfUniq=df[a].unique()
if dfUniq.shape[0]<=options["category"] :
df[a]=df[a].astype(CategoricalDtype(ordered=True))
initMetadata(df)
metaData = tree.GetUserInfo().FindObject("metaTable")
if metaData:
for key in metaData:
df.meta.metaData[key.GetName()] = key.GetTitle()
return df
def test_getitem_bool_mask_categorical_index(self):
df3 = DataFrame(
{
"A": np.arange(6, dtype="int64"),
},
index=CategoricalIndex(
[1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2],
dtype=CategoricalDtype([3, 2, 1], ordered=True),
name="B",
),
)
df4 = DataFrame(
{
"A": np.arange(6, dtype="int64"),
},
index=CategoricalIndex(
[1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2],
dtype=CategoricalDtype([3, 2, 1], ordered=False),
name="B",
),
)
result = df3[df3.index == "a"]
expected = df3.iloc[[]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df4[df4.index == "a"]
expected = df4.iloc[[]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df3[df3.index == 1]
expected = df3.iloc[[0, 1, 3]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df4[df4.index == 1]
expected = df4.iloc[[0, 1, 3]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# since we have an ordered categorical
# CategoricalIndex([1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2],
# categories=[3, 2, 1],
# ordered=True,
# name='B')
result = df3[df3.index < 2]
expected = df3.iloc[[4]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df3[df3.index > 1]
expected = df3.iloc[[]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# unordered
# cannot be compared
# CategoricalIndex([1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2],
# categories=[3, 2, 1],
# ordered=False,
# name='B')
msg = "Unordered Categoricals can only compare equality or not"
with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
df4[df4.index < 2]
with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
df4[df4.index > 1]
from . import loader
REGIONS = {
"north-america": "North America",
"south-asia": "South Asia",
"sub-saharan-africa": "Sub-Saharan Africa",
"europe": "Europe & Central Asia",
"latin-america": "Latin America & Caribbean",
"middle-east": "Middle East & North Africa",
"east-asia": "East Asia & Pacific",
}
INCOME_GROUPS = {
"low": "Low income",
"lower-middle": "Lower middle income",
"upper-middle": "Upper middle income",
"high": "High income",
}
IncomeGroup = CategoricalDtype(categories=INCOME_GROUPS, ordered=True)
Region = CategoricalDtype(categories=REGIONS, ordered=False)
@loader.filtering_from_data(["region"])
def load_region():
return loader.load_database("un.pkl.gz").astype(Region)
@loader.filtering_from_data(["income_group"])
def load_income_group():
return loader.load_database("un.pkl.gz").astype(IncomeGroup)
class TestUpdate:
def test_update(self):
s = Series([1.5, np.nan, 3.0, 4.0, np.nan])
s2 = Series([np.nan, 3.5, np.nan, 5.0])
s.update(s2)
expected = Series([1.5, 3.5, 3.0, 5.0, np.nan])
tm.assert_series_equal(s, expected)
# GH 3217
df = DataFrame([{"a": 1}, {"a": 3, "b": 2}])
df["c"] = np.nan
df["c"].update(Series(["foo"], index=[0]))
expected = DataFrame(
[[1, np.nan, "foo"], [3, 2.0, np.nan]], columns=["a", "b", "c"]
)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"other, dtype, expected",
[
# other is int
([61, 63], "int32", Series([10, 61, 12], dtype="int32")),
([61, 63], "int64", Series([10, 61, 12])),
([61, 63], float, Series([10.0, 61.0, 12.0])),
([61, 63], object, Series([10, 61, 12], dtype=object)),
# other is float, but can be cast to int
([61.0, 63.0], "int32", Series([10, 61, 12], dtype="int32")),
([61.0, 63.0], "int64", Series([10, 61, 12])),
([61.0, 63.0], float, Series([10.0, 61.0, 12.0])),
([61.0, 63.0], object, Series([10, 61.0, 12], dtype=object)),
# others is float, cannot be cast to int
([61.1, 63.1], "int32", Series([10.0, 61.1, 12.0])),
([61.1, 63.1], "int64", Series([10.0, 61.1, 12.0])),
([61.1, 63.1], float, Series([10.0, 61.1, 12.0])),
([61.1, 63.1], object, Series([10, 61.1, 12], dtype=object)),
# other is object, cannot be cast
([(61,), (63,)], "int32", Series([10, (61,), 12])),
([(61,), (63,)], "int64", Series([10, (61,), 12])),
([(61,), (63,)], float, Series([10.0, (61,), 12.0])),
([(61,), (63,)], object, Series([10, (61,), 12])),
],
)
def test_update_dtypes(self, other, dtype, expected):
ser = Series([10, 11, 12], dtype=dtype)
other = Series(other, index=[1, 3])
ser.update(other)
tm.assert_series_equal(ser, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"series, other, expected",
[
# update by key
(
Series({"a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 3, "d": 4}),
{"b": 5, "c": np.nan},
Series({"a": 1, "b": 5, "c": 3, "d": 4}),
),
# update by position
(Series([1, 2, 3, 4]), [np.nan, 5, 1], Series([1, 5, 1, 4])),
],
)
def test_update_from_non_series(self, series, other, expected):
# GH 33215
series.update(other)
tm.assert_series_equal(series, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"data, other, expected, dtype",
[
(["a", None], [None, "b"], ["a", "b"], "string"),
pytest.param(
["a", None],
[None, "b"],
["a", "b"],
"arrow_string",
marks=td.skip_if_no("pyarrow", min_version="1.0.0"),
),
([1, None], [None, 2], [1, 2], "Int64"),
([True, None], [None, False], [True, False], "boolean"),
(
["a", None],
[None, "b"],
["a", "b"],
CategoricalDtype(categories=["a", "b"]),
),
(
[Timestamp(year=2020, month=1, day=1, tz="Europe/London"), NaT],
[NaT, Timestamp(year=2020, month=1, day=1, tz="Europe/London")],
[Timestamp(year=2020, month=1, day=1, tz="Europe/London")] * 2,
"datetime64[ns, Europe/London]",
),
],
)
def test_update_extension_array_series(self, data, other, expected, dtype):
result = Series(data, dtype=dtype)
other = Series(other, dtype=dtype)
expected = Series(expected, dtype=dtype)
result.update(other)
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
def test_update_with_categorical_type(self):
# GH 25744
dtype = CategoricalDtype(["a", "b", "c", "d"])
s1 = Series(["a", "b", "c"], index=[1, 2, 3], dtype=dtype)
s2 = Series(["b", "a"], index=[1, 2], dtype=dtype)
s1.update(s2)
result = s1
expected = Series(["b", "a", "c"], index=[1, 2, 3], dtype=dtype)
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
if kind == "kn":
subkind = "tsne"
else:
sub_kind = kind
subset = cl_df[[c + "_" + sub_kind for c in ['x', 'y', 'z']]]
print(subset[:10])
points = [list(x) for x in subset.to_numpy()]
print(points[:10])
print(len(points))
arr = np.array(points)
dist = Y = cdist(arr, arr, 'euclidean')
new_path = make_path(np.array(points), dist)[:-1]
print(new_path)
cl_df[['cl_%s' % k for k in things]] = cl_cols
path_order_categories = CategoricalDtype(categories=new_path, ordered=True)
cl_df['cl_%s' % kind] = cl_df['cl'].astype(path_order_categories)
cl_df.sort_values(['cl_%s' % kind], inplace=True)
cl_df['cl_%s' % kind] = cl_df['cl'].astype('int32')
cl_df.to_csv('%s_clusters_mean_points.csv' % kind,
sep='\t',
header=True,
index=False)
print(kind + " " + str(new_path))
def test_numpy_transpose(index_or_series_obj):
msg = "the 'axes' parameter is not supported"
obj = index_or_series_obj
tm.assert_equal(np.transpose(obj), obj)
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
np.transpose(obj, axes=1)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"data, transposed_data, index, columns, dtype",
[
([[1], [2]], [[1, 2]], ["a", "a"], ["b"], int),
([[1], [2]], [[1, 2]], ["a", "a"], ["b"], CategoricalDtype([1, 2])),
([[1, 2]], [[1], [2]], ["b"], ["a", "a"], int),
([[1, 2]], [[1], [2]], ["b"], ["a", "a"], CategoricalDtype([1, 2])),
([[1, 2], [3, 4]], [[1, 3], [2, 4]], ["a", "a"], ["b", "b"], int),
(
[[1, 2], [3, 4]],
[[1, 3], [2, 4]],
["a", "a"],
["b", "b"],
CategoricalDtype([1, 2, 3, 4]),
),
],
)
def test_duplicate_labels(data, transposed_data, index, columns, dtype):
# GH 42380
df = DataFrame(data, index=index, columns=columns, dtype=dtype)
def test_output_attributes(scraper_output):
results = scraper_output
exp_cols = [
"Place (Overall)",
"Place (Gender)",
"Place (Category)",
"Name",
"Sex",
"Club",
"Running Number",
"Category",
"Finish",
"Year",
"Country",
"FirstName",
"LastName",
"DSQ",
"Finish (Total Seconds)",
]
exp_dtypes = pd.Series({
"Place (Overall)":
Int64Dtype(),
"Place (Gender)":
Int64Dtype(),
"Place (Category)":
dtype("float64"),
"Name":
dtype("O"),
"Sex":
dtype("O"),
"Club":
dtype("O"),
"Running Number":
dtype("O"),
"Category":
CategoricalDtype(
categories=[
"18-39",
"40-44",
"45-49",
"50-54",
"55-59",
"60-64",
"65-69",
"70+",
"70-74",
"75-79",
"80-84",
"85+",
"80+",
"Unknown",
],
ordered=False,
),
"Finish":
dtype("<m8[ns]"),
"Year":
Int64Dtype(),
"Country":
dtype("O"),
"FirstName":
dtype("O"),
"LastName":
dtype("O"),
"DSQ":
dtype("bool"),
"Finish (Total Seconds)":
dtype("float64"),
})
exp_rows_min = 1000 # One sex for one year should give at least this many
assert exp_cols == list(results.columns), "Expected columns not found"
assert exp_rows_min <= results.shape[
0], "Less than minimum expected number of rows"
assert exp_dtypes.values.tolist() == results.dtypes.values.tolist()
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from pandas import CategoricalDtype
df = pd.read_csv('D:\\Study\\ML\\Final_Project\\dataset-har-PUC-Rio-ugulino\\Full_Data.csv', delimiter=';')
df['how_tall_in_meters'] = df['how_tall_in_meters'].apply(lambda x: int(x.replace(',', '')))
df['body_mass_index'] = df['body_mass_index'].apply(lambda x: float(x.replace(',', '.')))
df["user"] = df["user"].astype(CategoricalDtype(['debora', 'katia', 'wallace', 'jose_carlos']))
df = pd.concat([df, pd.get_dummies(df['user'], prefix='user')], axis=1)
df["gender"] = df["gender"].astype(CategoricalDtype(['Woman', 'Man']))
df = pd.concat([df, pd.get_dummies(df['gender'], prefix='gender')], axis=1)
df["class"] = df["class"].astype(CategoricalDtype(['sitting', 'sittingdown', 'standing', 'standingup', 'walking']))
df = pd.concat([df, pd.get_dummies(df['class'], prefix='class')], axis=1)
df.drop(['user'], axis=1, inplace=True)
df.drop(['gender'], axis=1, inplace=True)
df.drop(['class'], axis=1, inplace=True)
array = df.to_numpy()
np.random.shuffle(array)
train_data = array[:int(len(array) * 0.8)]
test_data = array[int(len(array) * 0.8):]
pd.DataFrame(train_data).to_csv("D:\\Study\\ML\\Final_Project\\Sources\\Datasets\\Train_data.csv", header=df.columns,
index=False)
pd.DataFrame(test_data).to_csv("D:\\Study\\ML\\Final_Project\\Sources\\Datasets\\Test_data.csv", header=df.columns,
index=False)
def preprocess_features(fp_processed, only_label=True):
# Load and merge the datasets
train = pd.read_csv(fp_processed + 'train.csv', index_col=0)
valid = pd.read_csv(fp_processed + 'valid.csv', index_col=0)
test = pd.read_csv(fp_processed + 'test.csv', index_col=0)
# For easier splitting afterwards
train['dataset'] = 'train'
valid['dataset'] = 'valid'
test['dataset'] = 'test'
tvt = pd.concat([train, valid, test])
labels = [
'concrete_cement', 'healthy_metal', 'incomplete', 'irregular_metal',
'other'
]
countries = ['colombia', 'guatemala', 'st_lucia']
places = [
'borde_rural', 'borde_soacha', 'castries', 'dennery', 'gros_islet',
'mixco_1_and_ebenezer', 'mixco_3'
]
countries_cat_type = CategoricalDtype(categories=countries, ordered=True)
places_cat_type = CategoricalDtype(categories=places, ordered=True)
labels_cat_type = CategoricalDtype(
categories=labels + ['unknown'],
ordered=True) # +['unknown] for the nan's in neighbour labels
# Encode labels
tvt.loc[:, 'label'] = tvt.loc[:, 'label'].astype(labels_cat_type).cat.codes
if not only_label:
# Encode categories
# First handle nan, otherwise cat.code for nan is -1, resulting in error in ebedding (index out of range: -1)
tvt = tvt.fillna('unknown')
tvt.loc[:, 'country'] = tvt.loc[:, 'country'].astype(str).astype(
countries_cat_type).cat.codes
tvt.loc[:,
'place'] = tvt.loc[:,
'place'].astype(places_cat_type).cat.codes
tvt.loc[:, 'verified'] = tvt.loc[:, 'verified'].astype(int)
for i in range(1, 21):
tvt.loc[:, f'l_{i}'] = tvt.loc[:, f'l_{i}'].astype(
labels_cat_type).cat.codes
# Normalize continuous features
continuous_cols = [
'area', 'complexity', 'z_min', 'z_max', 'z_median', 'z_count',
'z_majority', 'z_minority', 'z_unique', 'z_range', 'z_sum'
]
for col in continuous_cols:
mu = tvt[col].mean()
sigma = tvt[col].std()
tvt.loc[:, col] = (tvt[col] - mu) / sigma
# Normalize distances
mu = tvt.loc[:, 'd_1':'d_19'].values.mean()
sigma = tvt.loc[:, 'd_1':'d_19'].values.std()
for i in range(1, 21):
tvt.loc[:, f'd_{i}'] = (tvt[f'd_{i}'] - mu) / sigma
# split and save
train = tvt[tvt['dataset'] == 'train']
valid = tvt[tvt['dataset'] == 'valid']
test = tvt[tvt['dataset'] == 'test']
train.to_csv(fp_processed + 'train_.csv')
valid.to_csv(fp_processed + 'valid.csv')
test.to_csv(fp_processed + 'test.csv')
def test_impl():
names = ['C1', 'C2', 'C3']
ct_dtype = CategoricalDtype(['A', 'B', 'C'])
dtypes = {'C1': np.int, 'C2': ct_dtype, 'C3': str}
df = pd.read_csv("csv_data_cat1.csv", names=names, dtype=dtypes)
return df
class TestDataFrameToRecords:
def test_to_records_dt64(self):
df = DataFrame(
[["one", "two", "three"], ["four", "five", "six"]],
index=date_range("2012-01-01", "2012-01-02"),
)
expected = df.index.values[0]
result = df.to_records()["index"][0]
assert expected == result
def test_to_records_dt64tz_column(self):
# GH#32535 dont less tz in to_records
df = DataFrame(
{"A": date_range("2012-01-01", "2012-01-02", tz="US/Eastern")})
result = df.to_records()
assert result.dtype["A"] == object
val = result[0][1]
assert isinstance(val, Timestamp)
assert val == df.loc[0, "A"]
def test_to_records_with_multindex(self):
# GH#3189
index = [
["bar", "bar", "baz", "baz", "foo", "foo", "qux", "qux"],
["one", "two", "one", "two", "one", "two", "one", "two"],
]
data = np.zeros((8, 4))
df = DataFrame(data, index=index)
r = df.to_records(index=True)["level_0"]
assert "bar" in r
assert "one" not in r
def test_to_records_with_Mapping_type(self):
import email
from email.parser import Parser
abc.Mapping.register(email.message.Message)
headers = Parser().parsestr("From: <*****@*****.**>\n"
"To: <*****@*****.**>\n"
"Subject: Test message\n"
"\n"
"Body would go here\n")
frame = DataFrame.from_records([headers])
all(x in frame for x in ["Type", "Subject", "From"])
def test_to_records_floats(self):
df = DataFrame(np.random.rand(10, 10))
df.to_records()
def test_to_records_index_name(self):
df = DataFrame(np.random.randn(3, 3))
df.index.name = "X"
rs = df.to_records()
assert "X" in rs.dtype.fields
df = DataFrame(np.random.randn(3, 3))
rs = df.to_records()
assert "index" in rs.dtype.fields
df.index = MultiIndex.from_tuples([("a", "x"), ("a", "y"), ("b", "z")])
df.index.names = ["A", None]
rs = df.to_records()
assert "level_0" in rs.dtype.fields
def test_to_records_with_unicode_index(self):
# GH#13172
# unicode_literals conflict with to_records
result = DataFrame([{"a": "x", "b": "y"}]).set_index("a").to_records()
expected = np.rec.array([("x", "y")], dtype=[("a", "O"), ("b", "O")])
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
def test_to_records_with_unicode_column_names(self):
# xref issue: https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/2407
# Issue GH#11879. to_records used to raise an exception when used
# with column names containing non-ascii characters in Python 2
result = DataFrame(data={"accented_name_é": [1.0]}).to_records()
# Note that numpy allows for unicode field names but dtypes need
# to be specified using dictionary instead of list of tuples.
expected = np.rec.array(
[(0, 1.0)],
dtype={
"names": ["index", "accented_name_é"],
"formats": ["=i8", "=f8"]
},
)
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
def test_to_records_with_categorical(self):
# GH#8626
# dict creation
df = DataFrame({"A": list("abc")}, dtype="category")
expected = Series(list("abc"), dtype="category", name="A")
tm.assert_series_equal(df["A"], expected)
# list-like creation
df = DataFrame(list("abc"), dtype="category")
expected = Series(list("abc"), dtype="category", name=0)
tm.assert_series_equal(df[0], expected)
# to record array
# this coerces
result = df.to_records()
expected = np.rec.array([(0, "a"), (1, "b"), (2, "c")],
dtype=[("index", "=i8"), ("0", "O")])
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"kwargs,expected",
[
# No dtypes --> default to array dtypes.
(
dict(),
np.rec.array(
[(0, 1, 0.2, "a"), (1, 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<i8"), ("B", "<f8"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Should have no effect in this case.
(
dict(index=True),
np.rec.array(
[(0, 1, 0.2, "a"), (1, 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<i8"), ("B", "<f8"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Column dtype applied across the board. Index unaffected.
(
dict(column_dtypes="<U4"),
np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<U4"), ("B", "<U4"),
("C", "<U4")],
),
),
# Index dtype applied across the board. Columns unaffected.
(
dict(index_dtypes="<U1"),
np.rec.array(
[("0", 1, 0.2, "a"), ("1", 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<U1"), ("A", "<i8"), ("B", "<f8"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Pass in a type instance.
(
dict(column_dtypes=np.unicode),
np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<U"), ("B", "<U"),
("C", "<U")],
),
),
# Pass in a dtype instance.
(
dict(column_dtypes=np.dtype("unicode")),
np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<U"), ("B", "<U"),
("C", "<U")],
),
),
# Pass in a dictionary (name-only).
(
dict(column_dtypes={
"A": np.int8,
"B": np.float32,
"C": "<U2"
}),
np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "i1"), ("B", "<f4"),
("C", "<U2")],
),
),
# Pass in a dictionary (indices-only).
(
dict(index_dtypes={0: "int16"}),
np.rec.array(
[(0, 1, 0.2, "a"), (1, 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "i2"), ("A", "<i8"), ("B", "<f8"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Ignore index mappings if index is not True.
(
dict(index=False, index_dtypes="<U2"),
np.rec.array(
[(1, 0.2, "a"), (2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("A", "<i8"), ("B", "<f8"), ("C", "O")],
),
),
# Non-existent names / indices in mapping should not error.
(
dict(index_dtypes={
0: "int16",
"not-there": "float32"
}),
np.rec.array(
[(0, 1, 0.2, "a"), (1, 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "i2"), ("A", "<i8"), ("B", "<f8"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Names / indices not in mapping default to array dtype.
(
dict(column_dtypes={
"A": np.int8,
"B": np.float32
}),
np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "i1"), ("B", "<f4"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Names / indices not in dtype mapping default to array dtype.
(
dict(column_dtypes={
"A": np.dtype("int8"),
"B": np.dtype("float32")
}),
np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "i1"), ("B", "<f4"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Mixture of everything.
(
dict(column_dtypes={
"A": np.int8,
"B": np.float32
},
index_dtypes="<U2"),
np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<U2"), ("A", "i1"), ("B", "<f4"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Invalid dype values.
(
dict(index=False, column_dtypes=list()),
(ValueError, "Invalid dtype \\[\\] specified for column A"),
),
(
dict(index=False, column_dtypes={
"A": "int32",
"B": 5
}),
(ValueError, "Invalid dtype 5 specified for column B"),
),
# Numpy can't handle EA types, so check error is raised
(
dict(
index=False,
column_dtypes={
"A": "int32",
"B": CategoricalDtype(["a", "b"])
},
),
(ValueError, "Invalid dtype category specified for column B"),
),
# Check that bad types raise
(
dict(index=False, column_dtypes={
"A": "int32",
"B": "foo"
}),
(TypeError, "data type [\"']foo[\"'] not understood"),
),
],
)
def test_to_records_dtype(self, kwargs, expected):
# see GH#18146
df = DataFrame({"A": [1, 2], "B": [0.2, 1.5], "C": ["a", "bc"]})
if not isinstance(expected, np.recarray):
with pytest.raises(expected[0], match=expected[1]):
df.to_records(**kwargs)
else:
result = df.to_records(**kwargs)
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"df,kwargs,expected",
[
# MultiIndex in the index.
(
DataFrame([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]],
columns=list("abc")).set_index(["a", "b"]),
dict(column_dtypes="float64",
index_dtypes={
0: "int32",
1: "int8"
}),
np.rec.array(
[(1, 2, 3.0), (4, 5, 6.0), (7, 8, 9.0)],
dtype=[("a", "<i4"), ("b", "i1"), ("c", "<f8")],
),
),
# MultiIndex in the columns.
(
DataFrame(
[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]],
columns=MultiIndex.from_tuples([("a", "d"), ("b", "e"),
("c", "f")]),
),
dict(column_dtypes={
0: "<U1",
2: "float32"
},
index_dtypes="float32"),
np.rec.array(
[(0.0, "1", 2, 3.0), (1.0, "4", 5, 6.0),
(2.0, "7", 8, 9.0)],
dtype=[
("index", "<f4"),
("('a', 'd')", "<U1"),
("('b', 'e')", "<i8"),
("('c', 'f')", "<f4"),
],
),
),
# MultiIndex in both the columns and index.
(
DataFrame(
[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]],
columns=MultiIndex.from_tuples([("a", "d"), ("b", "e"),
("c", "f")],
names=list("ab")),
index=MultiIndex.from_tuples([("d", -4), ("d", -5),
("f", -6)],
names=list("cd")),
),
dict(column_dtypes="float64",
index_dtypes={
0: "<U2",
1: "int8"
}),
np.rec.array(
[
("d", -4, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0),
("d", -5, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0),
("f", -6, 7, 8, 9.0),
],
dtype=[
("c", "<U2"),
("d", "i1"),
("('a', 'd')", "<f8"),
("('b', 'e')", "<f8"),
("('c', 'f')", "<f8"),
],
),
),
],
)
def test_to_records_dtype_mi(self, df, kwargs, expected):
# see GH#18146
result = df.to_records(**kwargs)
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
def test_to_records_dict_like(self):
# see GH#18146
class DictLike:
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
self.d = kwargs.copy()
def __getitem__(self, key):
return self.d.__getitem__(key)
def __contains__(self, key) -> bool:
return key in self.d
def keys(self):
return self.d.keys()
df = DataFrame({"A": [1, 2], "B": [0.2, 1.5], "C": ["a", "bc"]})
dtype_mappings = dict(
column_dtypes=DictLike(**{
"A": np.int8,
"B": np.float32
}),
index_dtypes="<U2",
)
result = df.to_records(**dtype_mappings)
expected = np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<U2"), ("A", "i1"), ("B", "<f4"), ("C", "O")],
)
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("tz", ["UTC", "GMT", "US/Eastern"])
def test_to_records_datetimeindex_with_tz(self, tz):
# GH#13937
dr = date_range("2016-01-01", periods=10, freq="S", tz=tz)
df = DataFrame({"datetime": dr}, index=dr)
expected = df.to_records()
result = df.tz_convert("UTC").to_records()
# both converted to UTC, so they are equal
tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(result, expected)
class TestDataFrameConvertTo(TestData):
def test_to_dict_timestamp(self):
# GH11247
# split/records producing np.datetime64 rather than Timestamps
# on datetime64[ns] dtypes only
tsmp = Timestamp('20130101')
test_data = DataFrame({'A': [tsmp, tsmp], 'B': [tsmp, tsmp]})
test_data_mixed = DataFrame({'A': [tsmp, tsmp], 'B': [1, 2]})
expected_records = [{'A': tsmp, 'B': tsmp},
{'A': tsmp, 'B': tsmp}]
expected_records_mixed = [{'A': tsmp, 'B': 1},
{'A': tsmp, 'B': 2}]
assert (test_data.to_dict(orient='records') ==
expected_records)
assert (test_data_mixed.to_dict(orient='records') ==
expected_records_mixed)
expected_series = {
'A': Series([tsmp, tsmp], name='A'),
'B': Series([tsmp, tsmp], name='B'),
}
expected_series_mixed = {
'A': Series([tsmp, tsmp], name='A'),
'B': Series([1, 2], name='B'),
}
tm.assert_dict_equal(test_data.to_dict(orient='series'),
expected_series)
tm.assert_dict_equal(test_data_mixed.to_dict(orient='series'),
expected_series_mixed)
expected_split = {
'index': [0, 1],
'data': [[tsmp, tsmp],
[tsmp, tsmp]],
'columns': ['A', 'B']
}
expected_split_mixed = {
'index': [0, 1],
'data': [[tsmp, 1],
[tsmp, 2]],
'columns': ['A', 'B']
}
tm.assert_dict_equal(test_data.to_dict(orient='split'),
expected_split)
tm.assert_dict_equal(test_data_mixed.to_dict(orient='split'),
expected_split_mixed)
def test_to_dict_index_not_unique_with_index_orient(self):
# GH22801
# Data loss when indexes are not unique. Raise ValueError.
df = DataFrame({'a': [1, 2], 'b': [0.5, 0.75]}, index=['A', 'A'])
msg = "DataFrame index must be unique for orient='index'"
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
df.to_dict(orient='index')
def test_to_dict_invalid_orient(self):
df = DataFrame({'A': [0, 1]})
msg = "orient 'xinvalid' not understood"
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
df.to_dict(orient='xinvalid')
def test_to_records_dt64(self):
df = DataFrame([["one", "two", "three"],
["four", "five", "six"]],
index=date_range("2012-01-01", "2012-01-02"))
# convert_datetime64 defaults to None
expected = df.index.values[0]
result = df.to_records()['index'][0]
assert expected == result
# check for FutureWarning if convert_datetime64=False is passed
with tm.assert_produces_warning(FutureWarning):
expected = df.index.values[0]
result = df.to_records(convert_datetime64=False)['index'][0]
assert expected == result
# check for FutureWarning if convert_datetime64=True is passed
with tm.assert_produces_warning(FutureWarning):
expected = df.index[0]
result = df.to_records(convert_datetime64=True)['index'][0]
assert expected == result
def test_to_records_with_multindex(self):
# GH3189
index = [['bar', 'bar', 'baz', 'baz', 'foo', 'foo', 'qux', 'qux'],
['one', 'two', 'one', 'two', 'one', 'two', 'one', 'two']]
data = np.zeros((8, 4))
df = DataFrame(data, index=index)
r = df.to_records(index=True)['level_0']
assert 'bar' in r
assert 'one' not in r
def test_to_records_with_Mapping_type(self):
import email
from email.parser import Parser
abc.Mapping.register(email.message.Message)
headers = Parser().parsestr('From: <*****@*****.**>\n'
'To: <*****@*****.**>\n'
'Subject: Test message\n'
'\n'
'Body would go here\n')
frame = DataFrame.from_records([headers])
all(x in frame for x in ['Type', 'Subject', 'From'])
def test_to_records_floats(self):
df = DataFrame(np.random.rand(10, 10))
df.to_records()
def test_to_records_index_name(self):
df = DataFrame(np.random.randn(3, 3))
df.index.name = 'X'
rs = df.to_records()
assert 'X' in rs.dtype.fields
df = DataFrame(np.random.randn(3, 3))
rs = df.to_records()
assert 'index' in rs.dtype.fields
df.index = MultiIndex.from_tuples([('a', 'x'), ('a', 'y'), ('b', 'z')])
df.index.names = ['A', None]
rs = df.to_records()
assert 'level_0' in rs.dtype.fields
def test_to_records_with_unicode_index(self):
# GH13172
# unicode_literals conflict with to_records
result = DataFrame([{'a': 'x', 'b': 'y'}]).set_index('a') \
.to_records()
expected = np.rec.array([('x', 'y')], dtype=[('a', 'O'), ('b', 'O')])
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
def test_to_records_with_unicode_column_names(self):
# xref issue: https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/2407
# Issue #11879. to_records used to raise an exception when used
# with column names containing non-ascii characters in Python 2
result = DataFrame(data={"accented_name_é": [1.0]}).to_records()
# Note that numpy allows for unicode field names but dtypes need
# to be specified using dictionary instead of list of tuples.
expected = np.rec.array(
[(0, 1.0)],
dtype={"names": ["index", "accented_name_é"],
"formats": ['=i8', '=f8']}
)
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
def test_to_records_with_categorical(self):
# GH8626
# dict creation
df = DataFrame({'A': list('abc')}, dtype='category')
expected = Series(list('abc'), dtype='category', name='A')
tm.assert_series_equal(df['A'], expected)
# list-like creation
df = DataFrame(list('abc'), dtype='category')
expected = Series(list('abc'), dtype='category', name=0)
tm.assert_series_equal(df[0], expected)
# to record array
# this coerces
result = df.to_records()
expected = np.rec.array([(0, 'a'), (1, 'b'), (2, 'c')],
dtype=[('index', '=i8'), ('0', 'O')])
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("kwargs,expected", [
# No dtypes --> default to array dtypes.
(dict(),
np.rec.array([(0, 1, 0.2, "a"), (1, 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<i8"),
("B", "<f8"), ("C", "O")])),
# Should have no effect in this case.
(dict(index=True),
np.rec.array([(0, 1, 0.2, "a"), (1, 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<i8"),
("B", "<f8"), ("C", "O")])),
# Column dtype applied across the board. Index unaffected.
(dict(column_dtypes="<U4"),
np.rec.array([("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<U4"),
("B", "<U4"), ("C", "<U4")])),
# Index dtype applied across the board. Columns unaffected.
(dict(index_dtypes="<U1"),
np.rec.array([("0", 1, 0.2, "a"), ("1", 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<U1"), ("A", "<i8"),
("B", "<f8"), ("C", "O")])),
# Pass in a type instance.
(dict(column_dtypes=np.unicode),
np.rec.array([("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<U"),
("B", "<U"), ("C", "<U")])),
# Pass in a dtype instance.
(dict(column_dtypes=np.dtype('unicode')),
np.rec.array([("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<U"),
("B", "<U"), ("C", "<U")])),
# Pass in a dictionary (name-only).
(dict(column_dtypes={"A": np.int8, "B": np.float32, "C": "<U2"}),
np.rec.array([("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "i1"),
("B", "<f4"), ("C", "<U2")])),
# Pass in a dictionary (indices-only).
(dict(index_dtypes={0: "int16"}),
np.rec.array([(0, 1, 0.2, "a"), (1, 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "i2"), ("A", "<i8"),
("B", "<f8"), ("C", "O")])),
# Ignore index mappings if index is not True.
(dict(index=False, index_dtypes="<U2"),
np.rec.array([(1, 0.2, "a"), (2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("A", "<i8"), ("B", "<f8"), ("C", "O")])),
# Non-existent names / indices in mapping should not error.
(dict(index_dtypes={0: "int16", "not-there": "float32"}),
np.rec.array([(0, 1, 0.2, "a"), (1, 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "i2"), ("A", "<i8"),
("B", "<f8"), ("C", "O")])),
# Names / indices not in mapping default to array dtype.
(dict(column_dtypes={"A": np.int8, "B": np.float32}),
np.rec.array([("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "i1"),
("B", "<f4"), ("C", "O")])),
# Names / indices not in dtype mapping default to array dtype.
(dict(column_dtypes={"A": np.dtype('int8'), "B": np.dtype('float32')}),
np.rec.array([("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "i1"),
("B", "<f4"), ("C", "O")])),
# Mixture of everything.
(dict(column_dtypes={"A": np.int8, "B": np.float32},
index_dtypes="<U2"),
np.rec.array([("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<U2"), ("A", "i1"),
("B", "<f4"), ("C", "O")])),
# Invalid dype values.
(dict(index=False, column_dtypes=list()),
(ValueError, "Invalid dtype \\[\\] specified for column A")),
(dict(index=False, column_dtypes={"A": "int32", "B": 5}),
(ValueError, "Invalid dtype 5 specified for column B")),
# Numpy can't handle EA types, so check error is raised
(dict(index=False, column_dtypes={"A": "int32",
"B": CategoricalDtype(['a', 'b'])}),
(ValueError, 'Invalid dtype category specified for column B')),
# Check that bad types raise
(dict(index=False, column_dtypes={"A": "int32", "B": "foo"}),
(TypeError, 'data type "foo" not understood')),
])
def test_to_records_dtype(self, kwargs, expected):
# see gh-18146
df = DataFrame({"A": [1, 2], "B": [0.2, 1.5], "C": ["a", "bc"]})
if not isinstance(expected, np.recarray):
with pytest.raises(expected[0], match=expected[1]):
df.to_records(**kwargs)
else:
result = df.to_records(**kwargs)
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("df,kwargs,expected", [
# MultiIndex in the index.
(DataFrame([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]],
columns=list("abc")).set_index(["a", "b"]),
dict(column_dtypes="float64", index_dtypes={0: "int32", 1: "int8"}),
np.rec.array([(1, 2, 3.), (4, 5, 6.), (7, 8, 9.)],
dtype=[("a", "<i4"), ("b", "i1"), ("c", "<f8")])),
# MultiIndex in the columns.
(DataFrame([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]],
columns=MultiIndex.from_tuples([("a", "d"), ("b", "e"),
("c", "f")])),
dict(column_dtypes={0: "<U1", 2: "float32"}, index_dtypes="float32"),
np.rec.array([(0., "1", 2, 3.), (1., "4", 5, 6.),
(2., "7", 8, 9.)],
dtype=[("index", "<f4"),
("('a', 'd')", "<U1"),
("('b', 'e')", "<i8"),
("('c', 'f')", "<f4")])),
# MultiIndex in both the columns and index.
(DataFrame([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]],
columns=MultiIndex.from_tuples([
("a", "d"), ("b", "e"), ("c", "f")], names=list("ab")),
index=MultiIndex.from_tuples([
("d", -4), ("d", -5), ("f", -6)], names=list("cd"))),
dict(column_dtypes="float64", index_dtypes={0: "<U2", 1: "int8"}),
np.rec.array([("d", -4, 1., 2., 3.), ("d", -5, 4., 5., 6.),
("f", -6, 7, 8, 9.)],
dtype=[("c", "<U2"), ("d", "i1"),
("('a', 'd')", "<f8"), ("('b', 'e')", "<f8"),
("('c', 'f')", "<f8")]))
])
def test_to_records_dtype_mi(self, df, kwargs, expected):
# see gh-18146
result = df.to_records(**kwargs)
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
def test_to_records_dict_like(self):
# see gh-18146
class DictLike(object):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
self.d = kwargs.copy()
def __getitem__(self, key):
return self.d.__getitem__(key)
def __contains__(self, key):
return key in self.d
def keys(self):
return self.d.keys()
df = DataFrame({"A": [1, 2], "B": [0.2, 1.5], "C": ["a", "bc"]})
dtype_mappings = dict(column_dtypes=DictLike(**{"A": np.int8,
"B": np.float32}),
index_dtypes="<U2")
result = df.to_records(**dtype_mappings)
expected = np.rec.array([("0", "1", "0.2", "a"),
("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<U2"), ("A", "i1"),
("B", "<f4"), ("C", "O")])
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize('mapping', [dict, defaultdict(list), OrderedDict])
def test_to_dict(self, mapping):
test_data = {
'A': {'1': 1, '2': 2},
'B': {'1': '1', '2': '2', '3': '3'},
}
# GH16122
recons_data = DataFrame(test_data).to_dict(into=mapping)
for k, v in compat.iteritems(test_data):
for k2, v2 in compat.iteritems(v):
assert (v2 == recons_data[k][k2])
recons_data = DataFrame(test_data).to_dict("l", mapping)
for k, v in compat.iteritems(test_data):
for k2, v2 in compat.iteritems(v):
assert (v2 == recons_data[k][int(k2) - 1])
recons_data = DataFrame(test_data).to_dict("s", mapping)
for k, v in compat.iteritems(test_data):
for k2, v2 in compat.iteritems(v):
assert (v2 == recons_data[k][k2])
recons_data = DataFrame(test_data).to_dict("sp", mapping)
expected_split = {'columns': ['A', 'B'], 'index': ['1', '2', '3'],
'data': [[1.0, '1'], [2.0, '2'], [np.nan, '3']]}
tm.assert_dict_equal(recons_data, expected_split)
recons_data = DataFrame(test_data).to_dict("r", mapping)
expected_records = [{'A': 1.0, 'B': '1'},
{'A': 2.0, 'B': '2'},
{'A': np.nan, 'B': '3'}]
assert isinstance(recons_data, list)
assert (len(recons_data) == 3)
for l, r in zip(recons_data, expected_records):
tm.assert_dict_equal(l, r)
# GH10844
recons_data = DataFrame(test_data).to_dict("i")
for k, v in compat.iteritems(test_data):
for k2, v2 in compat.iteritems(v):
assert (v2 == recons_data[k2][k])
df = DataFrame(test_data)
df['duped'] = df[df.columns[0]]
recons_data = df.to_dict("i")
comp_data = test_data.copy()
comp_data['duped'] = comp_data[df.columns[0]]
for k, v in compat.iteritems(comp_data):
for k2, v2 in compat.iteritems(v):
assert (v2 == recons_data[k2][k])
@pytest.mark.parametrize('mapping', [list, defaultdict, []])
def test_to_dict_errors(self, mapping):
# GH16122
df = DataFrame(np.random.randn(3, 3))
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
df.to_dict(into=mapping)
def test_to_dict_not_unique_warning(self):
# GH16927: When converting to a dict, if a column has a non-unique name
# it will be dropped, throwing a warning.
df = DataFrame([[1, 2, 3]], columns=['a', 'a', 'b'])
with tm.assert_produces_warning(UserWarning):
df.to_dict()
@pytest.mark.parametrize('tz', ['UTC', 'GMT', 'US/Eastern'])
def test_to_records_datetimeindex_with_tz(self, tz):
# GH13937
dr = date_range('2016-01-01', periods=10,
freq='S', tz=tz)
df = DataFrame({'datetime': dr}, index=dr)
expected = df.to_records()
result = df.tz_convert("UTC").to_records()
# both converted to UTC, so they are equal
tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(result, expected)
# orient - orient argument to to_dict function
# item_getter - function for extracting value from
# the resulting dict using column name and index
@pytest.mark.parametrize('orient,item_getter', [
('dict', lambda d, col, idx: d[col][idx]),
('records', lambda d, col, idx: d[idx][col]),
('list', lambda d, col, idx: d[col][idx]),
('split', lambda d, col, idx: d['data'][idx][d['columns'].index(col)]),
('index', lambda d, col, idx: d[idx][col])
])
def test_to_dict_box_scalars(self, orient, item_getter):
# 14216, 23753
# make sure that we are boxing properly
df = DataFrame({'a': [1, 2], 'b': [.1, .2]})
result = df.to_dict(orient=orient)
assert isinstance(item_getter(result, 'a', 0), int)
assert isinstance(item_getter(result, 'b', 0), float)
def test_frame_to_dict_tz(self):
# GH18372 When converting to dict with orient='records' columns of
# datetime that are tz-aware were not converted to required arrays
data = [(datetime(2017, 11, 18, 21, 53, 0, 219225, tzinfo=pytz.utc),),
(datetime(2017, 11, 18, 22, 6, 30, 61810, tzinfo=pytz.utc,),)]
df = DataFrame(list(data), columns=["d", ])
result = df.to_dict(orient='records')
expected = [
{'d': Timestamp('2017-11-18 21:53:00.219225+0000', tz=pytz.utc)},
{'d': Timestamp('2017-11-18 22:06:30.061810+0000', tz=pytz.utc)},
]
tm.assert_dict_equal(result[0], expected[0])
tm.assert_dict_equal(result[1], expected[1])
@pytest.mark.parametrize('into, expected', [
(dict, {0: {'int_col': 1, 'float_col': 1.0},
1: {'int_col': 2, 'float_col': 2.0},
2: {'int_col': 3, 'float_col': 3.0}}),
(OrderedDict, OrderedDict([(0, {'int_col': 1, 'float_col': 1.0}),
(1, {'int_col': 2, 'float_col': 2.0}),
(2, {'int_col': 3, 'float_col': 3.0})])),
(defaultdict(list), defaultdict(list,
{0: {'int_col': 1, 'float_col': 1.0},
1: {'int_col': 2, 'float_col': 2.0},
2: {'int_col': 3, 'float_col': 3.0}}))
])
def test_to_dict_index_dtypes(self, into, expected):
# GH 18580
# When using to_dict(orient='index') on a dataframe with int
# and float columns only the int columns were cast to float
df = DataFrame({'int_col': [1, 2, 3],
'float_col': [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]})
result = df.to_dict(orient='index', into=into)
cols = ['int_col', 'float_col']
result = DataFrame.from_dict(result, orient='index')[cols]
expected = DataFrame.from_dict(expected, orient='index')[cols]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_to_dict_numeric_names(self):
# https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/24940
df = DataFrame({str(i): [i] for i in range(5)})
result = set(df.to_dict('records')[0].keys())
expected = set(df.columns)
assert result == expected
def test_to_dict_wide(self):
# https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/24939
df = DataFrame({('A_{:d}'.format(i)): [i] for i in range(256)})
result = df.to_dict('records')[0]
expected = {'A_{:d}'.format(i): i for i in range(256)}
assert result == expected
class TestDataFrameConvertTo:
def test_to_dict_timestamp(self):
# GH11247
# split/records producing np.datetime64 rather than Timestamps
# on datetime64[ns] dtypes only
tsmp = Timestamp("20130101")
test_data = DataFrame({"A": [tsmp, tsmp], "B": [tsmp, tsmp]})
test_data_mixed = DataFrame({"A": [tsmp, tsmp], "B": [1, 2]})
expected_records = [{"A": tsmp, "B": tsmp}, {"A": tsmp, "B": tsmp}]
expected_records_mixed = [{"A": tsmp, "B": 1}, {"A": tsmp, "B": 2}]
assert test_data.to_dict(orient="records") == expected_records
assert test_data_mixed.to_dict(
orient="records") == expected_records_mixed
expected_series = {
"A": Series([tsmp, tsmp], name="A"),
"B": Series([tsmp, tsmp], name="B"),
}
expected_series_mixed = {
"A": Series([tsmp, tsmp], name="A"),
"B": Series([1, 2], name="B"),
}
tm.assert_dict_equal(test_data.to_dict(orient="series"),
expected_series)
tm.assert_dict_equal(test_data_mixed.to_dict(orient="series"),
expected_series_mixed)
expected_split = {
"index": [0, 1],
"data": [[tsmp, tsmp], [tsmp, tsmp]],
"columns": ["A", "B"],
}
expected_split_mixed = {
"index": [0, 1],
"data": [[tsmp, 1], [tsmp, 2]],
"columns": ["A", "B"],
}
tm.assert_dict_equal(test_data.to_dict(orient="split"), expected_split)
tm.assert_dict_equal(test_data_mixed.to_dict(orient="split"),
expected_split_mixed)
def test_to_dict_index_not_unique_with_index_orient(self):
# GH22801
# Data loss when indexes are not unique. Raise ValueError.
df = DataFrame({"a": [1, 2], "b": [0.5, 0.75]}, index=["A", "A"])
msg = "DataFrame index must be unique for orient='index'"
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
df.to_dict(orient="index")
def test_to_dict_invalid_orient(self):
df = DataFrame({"A": [0, 1]})
msg = "orient 'xinvalid' not understood"
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
df.to_dict(orient="xinvalid")
def test_to_records_dt64(self):
df = DataFrame(
[["one", "two", "three"], ["four", "five", "six"]],
index=date_range("2012-01-01", "2012-01-02"),
)
expected = df.index.values[0]
result = df.to_records()["index"][0]
assert expected == result
def test_to_records_with_multindex(self):
# GH3189
index = [
["bar", "bar", "baz", "baz", "foo", "foo", "qux", "qux"],
["one", "two", "one", "two", "one", "two", "one", "two"],
]
data = np.zeros((8, 4))
df = DataFrame(data, index=index)
r = df.to_records(index=True)["level_0"]
assert "bar" in r
assert "one" not in r
def test_to_records_with_Mapping_type(self):
import email
from email.parser import Parser
abc.Mapping.register(email.message.Message)
headers = Parser().parsestr("From: <*****@*****.**>\n"
"To: <*****@*****.**>\n"
"Subject: Test message\n"
"\n"
"Body would go here\n")
frame = DataFrame.from_records([headers])
all(x in frame for x in ["Type", "Subject", "From"])
def test_to_records_floats(self):
df = DataFrame(np.random.rand(10, 10))
df.to_records()
def test_to_records_index_name(self):
df = DataFrame(np.random.randn(3, 3))
df.index.name = "X"
rs = df.to_records()
assert "X" in rs.dtype.fields
df = DataFrame(np.random.randn(3, 3))
rs = df.to_records()
assert "index" in rs.dtype.fields
df.index = MultiIndex.from_tuples([("a", "x"), ("a", "y"), ("b", "z")])
df.index.names = ["A", None]
rs = df.to_records()
assert "level_0" in rs.dtype.fields
def test_to_records_with_unicode_index(self):
# GH13172
# unicode_literals conflict with to_records
result = DataFrame([{"a": "x", "b": "y"}]).set_index("a").to_records()
expected = np.rec.array([("x", "y")], dtype=[("a", "O"), ("b", "O")])
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
def test_to_records_with_unicode_column_names(self):
# xref issue: https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/2407
# Issue #11879. to_records used to raise an exception when used
# with column names containing non-ascii characters in Python 2
result = DataFrame(data={"accented_name_é": [1.0]}).to_records()
# Note that numpy allows for unicode field names but dtypes need
# to be specified using dictionary instead of list of tuples.
expected = np.rec.array(
[(0, 1.0)],
dtype={
"names": ["index", "accented_name_é"],
"formats": ["=i8", "=f8"]
},
)
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
def test_to_records_with_categorical(self):
# GH8626
# dict creation
df = DataFrame({"A": list("abc")}, dtype="category")
expected = Series(list("abc"), dtype="category", name="A")
tm.assert_series_equal(df["A"], expected)
# list-like creation
df = DataFrame(list("abc"), dtype="category")
expected = Series(list("abc"), dtype="category", name=0)
tm.assert_series_equal(df[0], expected)
# to record array
# this coerces
result = df.to_records()
expected = np.rec.array([(0, "a"), (1, "b"), (2, "c")],
dtype=[("index", "=i8"), ("0", "O")])
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"kwargs,expected",
[
# No dtypes --> default to array dtypes.
(
dict(),
np.rec.array(
[(0, 1, 0.2, "a"), (1, 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<i8"), ("B", "<f8"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Should have no effect in this case.
(
dict(index=True),
np.rec.array(
[(0, 1, 0.2, "a"), (1, 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<i8"), ("B", "<f8"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Column dtype applied across the board. Index unaffected.
(
dict(column_dtypes="<U4"),
np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<U4"), ("B", "<U4"),
("C", "<U4")],
),
),
# Index dtype applied across the board. Columns unaffected.
(
dict(index_dtypes="<U1"),
np.rec.array(
[("0", 1, 0.2, "a"), ("1", 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<U1"), ("A", "<i8"), ("B", "<f8"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Pass in a type instance.
(
dict(column_dtypes=np.unicode),
np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<U"), ("B", "<U"),
("C", "<U")],
),
),
# Pass in a dtype instance.
(
dict(column_dtypes=np.dtype("unicode")),
np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "<U"), ("B", "<U"),
("C", "<U")],
),
),
# Pass in a dictionary (name-only).
(
dict(column_dtypes={
"A": np.int8,
"B": np.float32,
"C": "<U2"
}),
np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "i1"), ("B", "<f4"),
("C", "<U2")],
),
),
# Pass in a dictionary (indices-only).
(
dict(index_dtypes={0: "int16"}),
np.rec.array(
[(0, 1, 0.2, "a"), (1, 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "i2"), ("A", "<i8"), ("B", "<f8"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Ignore index mappings if index is not True.
(
dict(index=False, index_dtypes="<U2"),
np.rec.array(
[(1, 0.2, "a"), (2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("A", "<i8"), ("B", "<f8"), ("C", "O")],
),
),
# Non-existent names / indices in mapping should not error.
(
dict(index_dtypes={
0: "int16",
"not-there": "float32"
}),
np.rec.array(
[(0, 1, 0.2, "a"), (1, 2, 1.5, "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "i2"), ("A", "<i8"), ("B", "<f8"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Names / indices not in mapping default to array dtype.
(
dict(column_dtypes={
"A": np.int8,
"B": np.float32
}),
np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "i1"), ("B", "<f4"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Names / indices not in dtype mapping default to array dtype.
(
dict(column_dtypes={
"A": np.dtype("int8"),
"B": np.dtype("float32")
}),
np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<i8"), ("A", "i1"), ("B", "<f4"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Mixture of everything.
(
dict(column_dtypes={
"A": np.int8,
"B": np.float32
},
index_dtypes="<U2"),
np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<U2"), ("A", "i1"), ("B", "<f4"),
("C", "O")],
),
),
# Invalid dype values.
(
dict(index=False, column_dtypes=list()),
(ValueError, "Invalid dtype \\[\\] specified for column A"),
),
(
dict(index=False, column_dtypes={
"A": "int32",
"B": 5
}),
(ValueError, "Invalid dtype 5 specified for column B"),
),
# Numpy can't handle EA types, so check error is raised
(
dict(
index=False,
column_dtypes={
"A": "int32",
"B": CategoricalDtype(["a", "b"])
},
),
(ValueError, "Invalid dtype category specified for column B"),
),
# Check that bad types raise
(
dict(index=False, column_dtypes={
"A": "int32",
"B": "foo"
}),
(TypeError, 'data type "foo" not understood'),
),
],
)
def test_to_records_dtype(self, kwargs, expected):
# see gh-18146
df = DataFrame({"A": [1, 2], "B": [0.2, 1.5], "C": ["a", "bc"]})
if not isinstance(expected, np.recarray):
with pytest.raises(expected[0], match=expected[1]):
df.to_records(**kwargs)
else:
result = df.to_records(**kwargs)
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"df,kwargs,expected",
[
# MultiIndex in the index.
(
DataFrame([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]],
columns=list("abc")).set_index(["a", "b"]),
dict(column_dtypes="float64",
index_dtypes={
0: "int32",
1: "int8"
}),
np.rec.array(
[(1, 2, 3.0), (4, 5, 6.0), (7, 8, 9.0)],
dtype=[("a", "<i4"), ("b", "i1"), ("c", "<f8")],
),
),
# MultiIndex in the columns.
(
DataFrame(
[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]],
columns=MultiIndex.from_tuples([("a", "d"), ("b", "e"),
("c", "f")]),
),
dict(column_dtypes={
0: "<U1",
2: "float32"
},
index_dtypes="float32"),
np.rec.array(
[(0.0, "1", 2, 3.0), (1.0, "4", 5, 6.0),
(2.0, "7", 8, 9.0)],
dtype=[
("index", "<f4"),
("('a', 'd')", "<U1"),
("('b', 'e')", "<i8"),
("('c', 'f')", "<f4"),
],
),
),
# MultiIndex in both the columns and index.
(
DataFrame(
[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]],
columns=MultiIndex.from_tuples([("a", "d"), ("b", "e"),
("c", "f")],
names=list("ab")),
index=MultiIndex.from_tuples([("d", -4), ("d", -5),
("f", -6)],
names=list("cd")),
),
dict(column_dtypes="float64",
index_dtypes={
0: "<U2",
1: "int8"
}),
np.rec.array(
[
("d", -4, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0),
("d", -5, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0),
("f", -6, 7, 8, 9.0),
],
dtype=[
("c", "<U2"),
("d", "i1"),
("('a', 'd')", "<f8"),
("('b', 'e')", "<f8"),
("('c', 'f')", "<f8"),
],
),
),
],
)
def test_to_records_dtype_mi(self, df, kwargs, expected):
# see gh-18146
result = df.to_records(**kwargs)
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
def test_to_records_dict_like(self):
# see gh-18146
class DictLike:
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
self.d = kwargs.copy()
def __getitem__(self, key):
return self.d.__getitem__(key)
def __contains__(self, key):
return key in self.d
def keys(self):
return self.d.keys()
df = DataFrame({"A": [1, 2], "B": [0.2, 1.5], "C": ["a", "bc"]})
dtype_mappings = dict(
column_dtypes=DictLike(**{
"A": np.int8,
"B": np.float32
}),
index_dtypes="<U2",
)
result = df.to_records(**dtype_mappings)
expected = np.rec.array(
[("0", "1", "0.2", "a"), ("1", "2", "1.5", "bc")],
dtype=[("index", "<U2"), ("A", "i1"), ("B", "<f4"), ("C", "O")],
)
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("mapping", [dict, defaultdict(list), OrderedDict])
def test_to_dict(self, mapping):
test_data = {
"A": {
"1": 1,
"2": 2
},
"B": {
"1": "1",
"2": "2",
"3": "3"
}
}
# GH16122
recons_data = DataFrame(test_data).to_dict(into=mapping)
for k, v in test_data.items():
for k2, v2 in v.items():
assert v2 == recons_data[k][k2]
recons_data = DataFrame(test_data).to_dict("l", mapping)
for k, v in test_data.items():
for k2, v2 in v.items():
assert v2 == recons_data[k][int(k2) - 1]
recons_data = DataFrame(test_data).to_dict("s", mapping)
for k, v in test_data.items():
for k2, v2 in v.items():
assert v2 == recons_data[k][k2]
recons_data = DataFrame(test_data).to_dict("sp", mapping)
expected_split = {
"columns": ["A", "B"],
"index": ["1", "2", "3"],
"data": [[1.0, "1"], [2.0, "2"], [np.nan, "3"]],
}
tm.assert_dict_equal(recons_data, expected_split)
recons_data = DataFrame(test_data).to_dict("r", mapping)
expected_records = [
{
"A": 1.0,
"B": "1"
},
{
"A": 2.0,
"B": "2"
},
{
"A": np.nan,
"B": "3"
},
]
assert isinstance(recons_data, list)
assert len(recons_data) == 3
for l, r in zip(recons_data, expected_records):
tm.assert_dict_equal(l, r)
# GH10844
recons_data = DataFrame(test_data).to_dict("i")
for k, v in test_data.items():
for k2, v2 in v.items():
assert v2 == recons_data[k2][k]
df = DataFrame(test_data)
df["duped"] = df[df.columns[0]]
recons_data = df.to_dict("i")
comp_data = test_data.copy()
comp_data["duped"] = comp_data[df.columns[0]]
for k, v in comp_data.items():
for k2, v2 in v.items():
assert v2 == recons_data[k2][k]
@pytest.mark.parametrize("mapping", [list, defaultdict, []])
def test_to_dict_errors(self, mapping):
# GH16122
df = DataFrame(np.random.randn(3, 3))
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
df.to_dict(into=mapping)
def test_to_dict_not_unique_warning(self):
# GH16927: When converting to a dict, if a column has a non-unique name
# it will be dropped, throwing a warning.
df = DataFrame([[1, 2, 3]], columns=["a", "a", "b"])
with tm.assert_produces_warning(UserWarning):
df.to_dict()
@pytest.mark.parametrize("tz", ["UTC", "GMT", "US/Eastern"])
def test_to_records_datetimeindex_with_tz(self, tz):
# GH13937
dr = date_range("2016-01-01", periods=10, freq="S", tz=tz)
df = DataFrame({"datetime": dr}, index=dr)
expected = df.to_records()
result = df.tz_convert("UTC").to_records()
# both converted to UTC, so they are equal
tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(result, expected)
# orient - orient argument to to_dict function
# item_getter - function for extracting value from
# the resulting dict using column name and index
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"orient,item_getter",
[
("dict", lambda d, col, idx: d[col][idx]),
("records", lambda d, col, idx: d[idx][col]),
("list", lambda d, col, idx: d[col][idx]),
("split",
lambda d, col, idx: d["data"][idx][d["columns"].index(col)]),
("index", lambda d, col, idx: d[idx][col]),
],
)
def test_to_dict_box_scalars(self, orient, item_getter):
# 14216, 23753
# make sure that we are boxing properly
df = DataFrame({"a": [1, 2], "b": [0.1, 0.2]})
result = df.to_dict(orient=orient)
assert isinstance(item_getter(result, "a", 0), int)
assert isinstance(item_getter(result, "b", 0), float)
def test_frame_to_dict_tz(self):
# GH18372 When converting to dict with orient='records' columns of
# datetime that are tz-aware were not converted to required arrays
data = [
(datetime(2017, 11, 18, 21, 53, 0, 219225, tzinfo=pytz.utc), ),
(datetime(2017, 11, 18, 22, 6, 30, 61810, tzinfo=pytz.utc), ),
]
df = DataFrame(list(data), columns=["d"])
result = df.to_dict(orient="records")
expected = [
{
"d": Timestamp("2017-11-18 21:53:00.219225+0000", tz=pytz.utc)
},
{
"d": Timestamp("2017-11-18 22:06:30.061810+0000", tz=pytz.utc)
},
]
tm.assert_dict_equal(result[0], expected[0])
tm.assert_dict_equal(result[1], expected[1])
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"into, expected",
[
(
dict,
{
0: {
"int_col": 1,
"float_col": 1.0
},
1: {
"int_col": 2,
"float_col": 2.0
},
2: {
"int_col": 3,
"float_col": 3.0
},
},
),
(
OrderedDict,
OrderedDict([
(0, {
"int_col": 1,
"float_col": 1.0
}),
(1, {
"int_col": 2,
"float_col": 2.0
}),
(2, {
"int_col": 3,
"float_col": 3.0
}),
]),
),
(
defaultdict(dict),
defaultdict(
dict,
{
0: {
"int_col": 1,
"float_col": 1.0
},
1: {
"int_col": 2,
"float_col": 2.0
},
2: {
"int_col": 3,
"float_col": 3.0
},
},
),
),
],
)
def test_to_dict_index_dtypes(self, into, expected):
# GH 18580
# When using to_dict(orient='index') on a dataframe with int
# and float columns only the int columns were cast to float
df = DataFrame({"int_col": [1, 2, 3], "float_col": [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]})
result = df.to_dict(orient="index", into=into)
cols = ["int_col", "float_col"]
result = DataFrame.from_dict(result, orient="index")[cols]
expected = DataFrame.from_dict(expected, orient="index")[cols]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_to_dict_numeric_names(self):
# https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/24940
df = DataFrame({str(i): [i] for i in range(5)})
result = set(df.to_dict("records")[0].keys())
expected = set(df.columns)
assert result == expected
def test_to_dict_wide(self):
# https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/24939
df = DataFrame({("A_{:d}".format(i)): [i] for i in range(256)})
result = df.to_dict("records")[0]
expected = {"A_{:d}".format(i): i for i in range(256)}
assert result == expected
def test_to_dict_orient_dtype(self):
# https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/22620
# Input Data
input_data = {
"a": [1, 2, 3],
"b": [1.0, 2.0, 3.0],
"c": ["X", "Y", "Z"]
}
df = DataFrame(input_data)
# Expected Dtypes
expected = {"a": int, "b": float, "c": str}
# Extracting dtypes out of to_dict operation
for df_dict in df.to_dict("records"):
result = {
"a": type(df_dict["a"]),
"b": type(df_dict["b"]),
"c": type(df_dict["c"]),
}
assert result == expected
def test_london_cleaner():
unclean_input = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
{
"Place (Overall)": [12547, 34146],
"Place (Gender)": [9390, 20833],
"Place (Category)": [4345, 3132],
"Name": ["»A Smith, Matthew (GBR) \n", "»Aalders, Jennifer (GBR) \n"],
"Sex": ["M", "W"],
"Club": ["Lymm Runners", "Tynny Trotters"],
"Running Number": ["Runner Number40546", "Runner Number23235"],
"Category": ["18-39", pd.NA],
"Finish": ["0 days 03:59:33", "0 days 06:22:20"],
"Year": [2021, 2021],
}
)
exp_output = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
{
"Place (Overall)": [12547, 34146],
"Place (Gender)": [9390, 20833],
"Place (Category)": [4345, 3132],
"Name": ["A Smith Matthew", "Aalders Jennifer"],
"Sex": ["M", "F"],
"Club": ["Lymm Runners", "Tynny Trotters"],
"Running Number": ["40546", "23235"],
"Category": ["18-39", "Unknown"],
"Finish": [
pd.Timedelta("0 days 03:59:33"),
pd.Timedelta("0 days 06:22:20"),
],
"Year": [2021, 2021],
"Country": ["GBR", "GBR"],
"FirstName": ["Matthew", "Jennifer"],
"LastName": ["A Smith", "Aalders"],
"DSQ": [False, False],
"Finish (Total Seconds)": [14373.0, 22940.0],
}
).astype(
{
"Place (Overall)": Int64Dtype(),
"Place (Gender)": Int64Dtype(),
"Place (Category)": Int64Dtype(),
"Name": dtype("O"),
"Sex": dtype("O"),
"Club": dtype("O"),
"Running Number": dtype("O"),
"Category": CategoricalDtype(
categories=[
"18-39",
"40-44",
"45-49",
"50-54",
"55-59",
"60-64",
"65-69",
"70+",
"70-74",
"75-79",
"80-84",
"85+",
"80+",
"Unknown",
],
ordered=False,
),
"Finish": dtype("<m8[ns]"),
"Year": Int64Dtype(),
"Country": dtype("O"),
"FirstName": dtype("O"),
"LastName": dtype("O"),
"DSQ": dtype("bool"),
"Finish (Total Seconds)": dtype("float64"),
}
)
actual_output = london_cleaner(unclean_input)
pd.testing.assert_frame_equal(actual_output, exp_output, check_categorical=False)
def get_feature_df(self) -> Tuple[pd.DataFrame, List[Any]]:
"""
Transform incoming data into pandas dataframe
:return: tuple(features pandas.DataFrame, unqualified item id list)
"""
# prepare features dataframe
target_qs = self.get_queryset()
all_sample_ids = list(target_qs.values_list('id', flat=True))
# TODO: all documents ref. by all_sample_ids should be in feature_table
feature_table: Optional[pd.DataFrame] = None
counter = 'counter'
for feature_source_item in self.feature_source:
msg = f'Get "{feature_source_item}" feature data:'
self.log_message(msg)
self.log_message('_' * len(msg))
# get aggregation queryset parameters for .annotate function
source_model = self.source_models[feature_source_item]
source_field = self.source_fields[feature_source_item]
target_id_field = self.target_id_field
aggregation = {counter: self.aggregation_function}
# try to decrease memory usage iterating over chunks and using sparse dataframes
# Note: pivot_table takes extra memory so use lower memory limits
source_qs = source_model.objects.filter(**{target_id_field + '__in': all_sample_ids})
if hasattr(source_model, 'text_unit'):
source_qs = source_qs.filter(**{self.unit_type_filter: self.unit_type})
ids = sorted(source_qs.order_by(target_id_field).values_list(target_id_field, flat=True).distinct())
terms = sorted(source_qs.order_by(source_field).values_list(source_field, flat=True).distinct())
id_count = len(ids)
term_count = len(terms)
self.log_message(f'{self.source_item}s containing "{feature_source_item}": {id_count}')
self.log_message(f'unique "{feature_source_item}" items: {term_count}')
if not term_count:
self.log_message(f'WARN: there are no "{feature_source_item}" entities found')
continue
from_mem_chunk_size = self.get_chunk_size(term_count * 2) # np.uint16 - 2 bytes
chunk_size = min([self.max_chunk_size, from_mem_chunk_size])
self.log_message(f'chunk_size from_mem/min/final: {from_mem_chunk_size}/{self.max_chunk_size}/{chunk_size}')
# TODO: we stopped using pd.SparseDataFrame as there's no such class anymore
single_feature_table = SparseSingleFeatureTable(feature_source_item)
for step in range(0, id_count, chunk_size):
self.log_message(f'...process "{feature_source_item}" feature: "{self.source_item}s" range: {step}-{step + chunk_size}')
sample_ids = ids[step:step + chunk_size]
chunk_qs = source_qs \
.filter(**{target_id_field + '__in': sample_ids}) \
.order_by(target_id_field, source_field) \
.values(target_id_field, source_field) \
.annotate(**aggregation)
df_src = list(chunk_qs)
chunk_df = pd.DataFrame.from_records(df_src)
del chunk_qs
gc.collect() # try to free up memory
doc_cat = CategoricalDtype(sample_ids, ordered=True)
# TODO: fix for date features: pandas can't compare dates, but datetimes only
if terms and isinstance(terms[0], datetime.date):
terms = [datetime.datetime.combine(d, datetime.datetime.min.time()) for d in terms]
term_cat = CategoricalDtype(terms, ordered=True)
row = [] if chunk_df.empty else chunk_df[self.target_id_field].astype(doc_cat).cat.codes
col = [] if chunk_df.empty else chunk_df[source_field].astype(term_cat).cat.codes
val = [] if chunk_df.empty else chunk_df[counter]
sparse_matrix = scp.csr_matrix(
(val, (row, col)),
shape=(len(sample_ids), term_cat.categories.size),
dtype=np.uint16)
single_feature_table.join(sparse_matrix)
del chunk_df
gc.collect() # try to free up memory
mem = psutil.virtual_memory()
self.log_message(f'......available memory: {get_mb(mem.available)}M ({mem.percent}%)')
# join feature_source_item-specific dataframe into results dataframe
gc.collect() # try to free up memory
single_feature_df_src = SparseAllFeaturesTable(ids)
single_feature_df_src.add_feature_table(single_feature_table, terms)
if feature_table is None:
feature_table = single_feature_df_src.to_dataframe()
else:
feature_table = feature_table.join(single_feature_df_src.to_dataframe(), how='outer')
del single_feature_table
del single_feature_df_src
gc.collect() # try to free up memory
# end of "for feature_source_item in self.feature_source"
df = feature_table
if self.drop_empty_columns:
df.dropna(axis=1, how='all', inplace=True)
self.log_message(f'df: {get_df_info(df)}')
mem = psutil.virtual_memory()
self.log_message(f'available memory: {get_mb(mem.available)}M ({mem.percent}%)')
if df.empty:
msg = 'No features of chosen "feature_source" options {} detected. ' \
'Empty Data Set.'.format(str(self.feature_source))
raise EmptyDataSetError(msg, feature_source=self.feature_source)
# item ids not included in feature df which don't have features at all
initial_id_set = set(target_qs.values_list('id', flat=True))
feature_id_set = set(df.index.tolist())
unqualified_item_ids = sorted(list(initial_id_set.difference(feature_id_set)))
self.log_message('count unqualified_item_ids: {}'.format(len(unqualified_item_ids)))
if not self.drop_empty_rows and unqualified_item_ids:
unqualified_items_df = pd.DataFrame(index=unqualified_item_ids, columns=df.columns).fillna(0)
self.log_message('unqualified_items_df shape: {} size: {}'.format(
unqualified_items_df.shape, unqualified_items_df.memory_usage().sum()))
df = pd.concat([df, unqualified_items_df]).fillna(0).astype(np.uint16)
self.log_message(f'df: {get_df_info(df)}')
return df, unqualified_item_ids
class TestAstype:
def test_astype_float(self, float_frame):
casted = float_frame.astype(int)
expected = DataFrame(
float_frame.values.astype(int),
index=float_frame.index,
columns=float_frame.columns,
)
tm.assert_frame_equal(casted, expected)
casted = float_frame.astype(np.int32)
expected = DataFrame(
float_frame.values.astype(np.int32),
index=float_frame.index,
columns=float_frame.columns,
)
tm.assert_frame_equal(casted, expected)
float_frame["foo"] = "5"
casted = float_frame.astype(int)
expected = DataFrame(
float_frame.values.astype(int),
index=float_frame.index,
columns=float_frame.columns,
)
tm.assert_frame_equal(casted, expected)
def test_astype_mixed_float(self, mixed_float_frame):
# mixed casting
casted = mixed_float_frame.reindex(
columns=["A", "B"]).astype("float32")
_check_cast(casted, "float32")
casted = mixed_float_frame.reindex(
columns=["A", "B"]).astype("float16")
_check_cast(casted, "float16")
def test_astype_mixed_type(self, mixed_type_frame):
# mixed casting
mn = mixed_type_frame._get_numeric_data().copy()
mn["little_float"] = np.array(12345.0, dtype="float16")
mn["big_float"] = np.array(123456789101112.0, dtype="float64")
casted = mn.astype("float64")
_check_cast(casted, "float64")
casted = mn.astype("int64")
_check_cast(casted, "int64")
casted = mn.reindex(columns=["little_float"]).astype("float16")
_check_cast(casted, "float16")
casted = mn.astype("float32")
_check_cast(casted, "float32")
casted = mn.astype("int32")
_check_cast(casted, "int32")
# to object
casted = mn.astype("O")
_check_cast(casted, "object")
def test_astype_with_exclude_string(self, float_frame):
df = float_frame.copy()
expected = float_frame.astype(int)
df["string"] = "foo"
casted = df.astype(int, errors="ignore")
expected["string"] = "foo"
tm.assert_frame_equal(casted, expected)
df = float_frame.copy()
expected = float_frame.astype(np.int32)
df["string"] = "foo"
casted = df.astype(np.int32, errors="ignore")
expected["string"] = "foo"
tm.assert_frame_equal(casted, expected)
def test_astype_with_view_float(self, float_frame):
# this is the only real reason to do it this way
tf = np.round(float_frame).astype(np.int32)
casted = tf.astype(np.float32, copy=False)
# TODO(wesm): verification?
tf = float_frame.astype(np.float64)
casted = tf.astype(np.int64, copy=False) # noqa
def test_astype_with_view_mixed_float(self, mixed_float_frame):
tf = mixed_float_frame.reindex(columns=["A", "B", "C"])
casted = tf.astype(np.int64)
casted = tf.astype(np.float32) # noqa
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [np.int32, np.int64])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("val", [np.nan, np.inf])
def test_astype_cast_nan_inf_int(self, val, dtype):
# see GH#14265
#
# Check NaN and inf --> raise error when converting to int.
msg = "Cannot convert non-finite values \\(NA or inf\\) to integer"
df = DataFrame([val])
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
df.astype(dtype)
def test_astype_str(self):
# see GH#9757
a = Series(date_range("2010-01-04", periods=5))
b = Series(date_range("3/6/2012 00:00", periods=5, tz="US/Eastern"))
c = Series([Timedelta(x, unit="d") for x in range(5)])
d = Series(range(5))
e = Series([0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8])
df = DataFrame({"a": a, "b": b, "c": c, "d": d, "e": e})
# Datetime-like
result = df.astype(str)
expected = DataFrame({
"a":
list(map(str, map(lambda x: Timestamp(x)._date_repr, a._values))),
"b":
list(map(str, map(Timestamp, b._values))),
"c":
list(map(lambda x: Timedelta(x)._repr_base(), c._values)),
"d":
list(map(str, d._values)),
"e":
list(map(str, e._values)),
})
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_astype_str_float(self):
# see GH#11302
result = DataFrame([np.NaN]).astype(str)
expected = DataFrame(["nan"])
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = DataFrame([1.12345678901234567890]).astype(str)
# < 1.14 truncates
# >= 1.14 preserves the full repr
val = "1.12345678901" if _np_version_under1p14 else "1.1234567890123457"
expected = DataFrame([val])
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype_class", [dict, Series])
def test_astype_dict_like(self, dtype_class):
# GH7271 & GH16717
a = Series(date_range("2010-01-04", periods=5))
b = Series(range(5))
c = Series([0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8])
d = Series(["1.0", "2", "3.14", "4", "5.4"])
df = DataFrame({"a": a, "b": b, "c": c, "d": d})
original = df.copy(deep=True)
# change type of a subset of columns
dt1 = dtype_class({"b": "str", "d": "float32"})
result = df.astype(dt1)
expected = DataFrame({
"a":
a,
"b":
Series(["0", "1", "2", "3", "4"]),
"c":
c,
"d":
Series([1.0, 2.0, 3.14, 4.0, 5.4], dtype="float32"),
})
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, original)
dt2 = dtype_class({"b": np.float32, "c": "float32", "d": np.float64})
result = df.astype(dt2)
expected = DataFrame({
"a":
a,
"b":
Series([0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0], dtype="float32"),
"c":
Series([0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8], dtype="float32"),
"d":
Series([1.0, 2.0, 3.14, 4.0, 5.4], dtype="float64"),
})
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, original)
# change all columns
dt3 = dtype_class({"a": str, "b": str, "c": str, "d": str})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype(dt3), df.astype(str))
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, original)
# error should be raised when using something other than column labels
# in the keys of the dtype dict
dt4 = dtype_class({"b": str, 2: str})
dt5 = dtype_class({"e": str})
msg = "Only a column name can be used for the key in a dtype mappings argument"
with pytest.raises(KeyError, match=msg):
df.astype(dt4)
with pytest.raises(KeyError, match=msg):
df.astype(dt5)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, original)
# if the dtypes provided are the same as the original dtypes, the
# resulting DataFrame should be the same as the original DataFrame
dt6 = dtype_class({col: df[col].dtype for col in df.columns})
equiv = df.astype(dt6)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, equiv)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, original)
# GH#16717
# if dtypes provided is empty, the resulting DataFrame
# should be the same as the original DataFrame
dt7 = dtype_class({}) if dtype_class is dict else dtype_class(
{}, dtype=object)
equiv = df.astype(dt7)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, equiv)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, original)
def test_astype_duplicate_col(self):
a1 = Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], name="a")
b = Series([0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8], name="b")
a2 = Series([0, 1, 2, 3, 4], name="a")
df = concat([a1, b, a2], axis=1)
result = df.astype(str)
a1_str = Series(["1", "2", "3", "4", "5"], dtype="str", name="a")
b_str = Series(["0.1", "0.2", "0.4", "0.6", "0.8"],
dtype=str,
name="b")
a2_str = Series(["0", "1", "2", "3", "4"], dtype="str", name="a")
expected = concat([a1_str, b_str, a2_str], axis=1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.astype({"a": "str"})
expected = concat([a1_str, b, a2_str], axis=1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"dtype",
[
"category",
CategoricalDtype(),
CategoricalDtype(ordered=True),
CategoricalDtype(ordered=False),
CategoricalDtype(categories=list("abcdef")),
CategoricalDtype(categories=list("edba"), ordered=False),
CategoricalDtype(categories=list("edcb"), ordered=True),
],
ids=repr,
)
def test_astype_categorical(self, dtype):
# GH#18099
d = {"A": list("abbc"), "B": list("bccd"), "C": list("cdde")}
df = DataFrame(d)
result = df.astype(dtype)
expected = DataFrame({k: Categorical(d[k], dtype=dtype) for k in d})
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"cls", [CategoricalDtype, DatetimeTZDtype, IntervalDtype])
def test_astype_categoricaldtype_class_raises(self, cls):
df = DataFrame({"A": ["a", "a", "b", "c"]})
xpr = f"Expected an instance of {cls.__name__}"
with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=xpr):
df.astype({"A": cls})
with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=xpr):
df["A"].astype(cls)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ["Int64", "Int32", "Int16"])
def test_astype_extension_dtypes(self, dtype):
# GH#22578
df = DataFrame([[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0], [5.0, 6.0]],
columns=["a", "b"])
expected1 = DataFrame({
"a": integer_array([1, 3, 5], dtype=dtype),
"b": integer_array([2, 4, 6], dtype=dtype),
})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype(dtype), expected1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype("int64").astype(dtype), expected1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype(dtype).astype("float64"), df)
df = DataFrame([[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0], [5.0, 6.0]],
columns=["a", "b"])
df["b"] = df["b"].astype(dtype)
expected2 = DataFrame({
"a": [1.0, 3.0, 5.0],
"b": integer_array([2, 4, 6], dtype=dtype)
})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, expected2)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype(dtype), expected1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype("int64").astype(dtype), expected1)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ["Int64", "Int32", "Int16"])
def test_astype_extension_dtypes_1d(self, dtype):
# GH#22578
df = DataFrame({"a": [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]})
expected1 = DataFrame({"a": integer_array([1, 2, 3], dtype=dtype)})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype(dtype), expected1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype("int64").astype(dtype), expected1)
df = DataFrame({"a": [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]})
df["a"] = df["a"].astype(dtype)
expected2 = DataFrame({"a": integer_array([1, 2, 3], dtype=dtype)})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, expected2)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype(dtype), expected1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype("int64").astype(dtype), expected1)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ["category", "Int64"])
def test_astype_extension_dtypes_duplicate_col(self, dtype):
# GH#24704
a1 = Series([0, np.nan, 4], name="a")
a2 = Series([np.nan, 3, 5], name="a")
df = concat([a1, a2], axis=1)
result = df.astype(dtype)
expected = concat([a1.astype(dtype), a2.astype(dtype)], axis=1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [{
100: "float64",
200: "uint64"
}, "category", "float64"])
def test_astype_column_metadata(self, dtype):
# GH#19920
columns = UInt64Index([100, 200, 300], name="foo")
df = DataFrame(np.arange(15).reshape(5, 3), columns=columns)
df = df.astype(dtype)
tm.assert_index_equal(df.columns, columns)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ["M8", "m8"])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ["ns", "us", "ms", "s", "h", "m", "D"])
def test_astype_from_datetimelike_to_object(self, dtype, unit):
# tests astype to object dtype
# GH#19223 / GH#12425
dtype = f"{dtype}[{unit}]"
arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=dtype)
df = DataFrame(arr)
result = df.astype(object)
assert (result.dtypes == object).all()
if dtype.startswith("M8"):
assert result.iloc[0, 0] == Timestamp(1, unit=unit)
else:
assert result.iloc[0, 0] == Timedelta(1, unit=unit)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("arr_dtype", [np.int64, np.float64])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ["M8", "m8"])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ["ns", "us", "ms", "s", "h", "m", "D"])
def test_astype_to_datetimelike_unit(self, arr_dtype, dtype, unit):
# tests all units from numeric origination
# GH#19223 / GH#12425
dtype = f"{dtype}[{unit}]"
arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=arr_dtype)
df = DataFrame(arr)
result = df.astype(dtype)
expected = DataFrame(arr.astype(dtype))
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ["ns", "us", "ms", "s", "h", "m", "D"])
def test_astype_to_datetime_unit(self, unit):
# tests all units from datetime origination
# GH#19223
dtype = f"M8[{unit}]"
arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=dtype)
df = DataFrame(arr)
result = df.astype(dtype)
expected = DataFrame(arr.astype(dtype))
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ["ns"])
def test_astype_to_timedelta_unit_ns(self, unit):
# preserver the timedelta conversion
# GH#19223
dtype = f"m8[{unit}]"
arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=dtype)
df = DataFrame(arr)
result = df.astype(dtype)
expected = DataFrame(arr.astype(dtype))
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ["us", "ms", "s", "h", "m", "D"])
def test_astype_to_timedelta_unit(self, unit):
# coerce to float
# GH#19223
dtype = f"m8[{unit}]"
arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=dtype)
df = DataFrame(arr)
result = df.astype(dtype)
expected = DataFrame(df.values.astype(dtype).astype(float))
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ["ns", "us", "ms", "s", "h", "m", "D"])
def test_astype_to_incorrect_datetimelike(self, unit):
# trying to astype a m to a M, or vice-versa
# GH#19224
dtype = f"M8[{unit}]"
other = f"m8[{unit}]"
df = DataFrame(np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=dtype))
msg = (fr"cannot astype a datetimelike from \[datetime64\[ns\]\] to "
fr"\[timedelta64\[{unit}\]\]")
with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
df.astype(other)
msg = (fr"cannot astype a timedelta from \[timedelta64\[ns\]\] to "
fr"\[datetime64\[{unit}\]\]")
df = DataFrame(np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=other))
with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
df.astype(dtype)
def test_astype_arg_for_errors(self):
# GH#14878
df = DataFrame([1, 2, 3])
msg = ("Expected value of kwarg 'errors' to be one of "
"['raise', 'ignore']. Supplied value is 'True'")
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=re.escape(msg)):
df.astype(np.float64, errors=True)
df.astype(np.int8, errors="ignore")
def test_astype_arg_for_errors_dictlist(self):
# GH#25905
df = DataFrame([
{
"a": "1",
"b": "16.5%",
"c": "test"
},
{
"a": "2.2",
"b": "15.3",
"c": "another_test"
},
])
expected = DataFrame([
{
"a": 1.0,
"b": "16.5%",
"c": "test"
},
{
"a": 2.2,
"b": "15.3",
"c": "another_test"
},
])
type_dict = {"a": "float64", "b": "float64", "c": "object"}
result = df.astype(dtype=type_dict, errors="ignore")
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_astype_dt64tz(self, timezone_frame):
# astype
expected = np.array(
[
[
Timestamp("2013-01-01 00:00:00"),
Timestamp("2013-01-02 00:00:00"),
Timestamp("2013-01-03 00:00:00"),
],
[
Timestamp("2013-01-01 00:00:00-0500", tz="US/Eastern"),
NaT,
Timestamp("2013-01-03 00:00:00-0500", tz="US/Eastern"),
],
[
Timestamp("2013-01-01 00:00:00+0100", tz="CET"),
NaT,
Timestamp("2013-01-03 00:00:00+0100", tz="CET"),
],
],
dtype=object,
).T
expected = DataFrame(
expected,
index=timezone_frame.index,
columns=timezone_frame.columns,
dtype=object,
)
result = timezone_frame.astype(object)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = timezone_frame.astype("datetime64[ns]")
expected = DataFrame({
"A":
date_range("20130101", periods=3),
"B":
(date_range("20130101", periods=3,
tz="US/Eastern").tz_convert("UTC").tz_localize(None)),
"C": (date_range("20130101", periods=3,
tz="CET").tz_convert("UTC").tz_localize(None)),
})
expected.iloc[1, 1] = NaT
expected.iloc[1, 2] = NaT
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_astype_dt64tz_to_str(self, timezone_frame):
# str formatting
result = timezone_frame.astype(str)
expected = DataFrame(
[
[
"2013-01-01",
"2013-01-01 00:00:00-05:00",
"2013-01-01 00:00:00+01:00",
],
["2013-01-02", "NaT", "NaT"],
[
"2013-01-03",
"2013-01-03 00:00:00-05:00",
"2013-01-03 00:00:00+01:00",
],
],
columns=timezone_frame.columns,
)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
with option_context("display.max_columns", 20):
result = str(timezone_frame)
assert (
"0 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 00:00:00-05:00 2013-01-01 00:00:00+01:00"
) in result
assert (
"1 2013-01-02 NaT NaT"
) in result
assert (
"2 2013-01-03 2013-01-03 00:00:00-05:00 2013-01-03 00:00:00+01:00"
) in result
def replot_single(self, i):
col = self.joint_data.columns[i]
self.outboxes[i].clear_output(wait=True)
with self.outboxes[i]:
plt.clf()
fig = plt.gcf()
fig.set_figwidth(3)
fig.set_figheight(1)
if self.scope.get_dtype(col) in ('cat', 'bool'):
if self.scope.get_dtype(col) == 'cat':
bar_labels = self.scope.get_cat_values(col)
else:
bar_labels = [False, True]
v = self.joint_data[col].astype(
CategoricalDtype(categories=bar_labels,
ordered=False)).cat.codes
bar_heights, _ = numpy.histogram(v,
bins=numpy.arange(
0,
len(bar_labels) + 1))
bar_x = numpy.arange(0, len(bar_labels))
plt.bar(bar_x, bar_heights, 0.8, align='edge')
filter_vals = self.joint_data.loc[self.joint_filters.all(
axis=1), col].astype(
CategoricalDtype(categories=bar_labels,
ordered=False)).cat.codes
bar_heights, _ = numpy.histogram(filter_vals,
bins=numpy.arange(
0,
len(bar_labels) + 1))
plt.bar(bar_x, bar_heights, 0.8, align='edge')
plt.xticks(bar_x + 0.4, [str(i) for i in bar_labels])
plt.show()
# bar_labels, bar_heights = numpy.unique(self.joint_data[col], return_counts=True)
# bar_x = numpy.arange(0,len(bar_labels))
# plt.bar(bar_x, bar_heights, 0.8, align='edge')
# from pandas import CategoricalDtype
# filter_vals = self.joint_data.loc[self.joint_filters.all(axis=1), col].astype(
# CategoricalDtype(categories=bar_labels, ordered=False)
# ).cat.codes
# bar_heights, _ = numpy.histogram(filter_vals, bins=numpy.arange(0,len(bar_labels)+1))
# plt.bar(bar_x, bar_heights, 0.8, align='edge')
# plt.xticks(bar_x+0.4, bar_labels)
# plt.show()
else:
bins = 20 if col not in self.data.strategy_names else 20
#n, bins, patches = plt.hist(self.joint_data[col], bins=bins)
bar_heights, bar_x = numpy.histogram(self.joint_data[col],
bins=bins)
plt.bar(bar_x[:-1],
bar_heights,
bar_x[1:] - bar_x[:-1],
align='edge')
#n, bins, patches = plt.hist(self.joint_data.loc[self.joint_filters.all(axis=1), col], bins=bins)
bar_heights, bar_x = numpy.histogram(
self.joint_data.loc[self.joint_filters.all(axis=1), col],
bins=bar_x)
plt.bar(bar_x[:-1],
bar_heights,
bar_x[1:] - bar_x[:-1],
align='edge')
plt.show()
class TestAstype:
def test_astype_float(self, float_frame):
casted = float_frame.astype(int)
expected = DataFrame(
float_frame.values.astype(int),
index=float_frame.index,
columns=float_frame.columns,
)
tm.assert_frame_equal(casted, expected)
casted = float_frame.astype(np.int32)
expected = DataFrame(
float_frame.values.astype(np.int32),
index=float_frame.index,
columns=float_frame.columns,
)
tm.assert_frame_equal(casted, expected)
float_frame["foo"] = "5"
casted = float_frame.astype(int)
expected = DataFrame(
float_frame.values.astype(int),
index=float_frame.index,
columns=float_frame.columns,
)
tm.assert_frame_equal(casted, expected)
def test_astype_mixed_float(self, mixed_float_frame):
# mixed casting
casted = mixed_float_frame.reindex(
columns=["A", "B"]).astype("float32")
_check_cast(casted, "float32")
casted = mixed_float_frame.reindex(
columns=["A", "B"]).astype("float16")
_check_cast(casted, "float16")
def test_astype_mixed_type(self, mixed_type_frame):
# mixed casting
mn = mixed_type_frame._get_numeric_data().copy()
mn["little_float"] = np.array(12345.0, dtype="float16")
mn["big_float"] = np.array(123456789101112.0, dtype="float64")
casted = mn.astype("float64")
_check_cast(casted, "float64")
casted = mn.astype("int64")
_check_cast(casted, "int64")
casted = mn.reindex(columns=["little_float"]).astype("float16")
_check_cast(casted, "float16")
casted = mn.astype("float32")
_check_cast(casted, "float32")
casted = mn.astype("int32")
_check_cast(casted, "int32")
# to object
casted = mn.astype("O")
_check_cast(casted, "object")
@td.skip_array_manager_not_yet_implemented
def test_astype_with_exclude_string(self, float_frame):
df = float_frame.copy()
expected = float_frame.astype(int)
df["string"] = "foo"
casted = df.astype(int, errors="ignore")
expected["string"] = "foo"
tm.assert_frame_equal(casted, expected)
df = float_frame.copy()
expected = float_frame.astype(np.int32)
df["string"] = "foo"
casted = df.astype(np.int32, errors="ignore")
expected["string"] = "foo"
tm.assert_frame_equal(casted, expected)
def test_astype_with_view_float(self, float_frame):
# this is the only real reason to do it this way
tf = np.round(float_frame).astype(np.int32)
casted = tf.astype(np.float32, copy=False)
# TODO(wesm): verification?
tf = float_frame.astype(np.float64)
casted = tf.astype(np.int64, copy=False) # noqa
def test_astype_with_view_mixed_float(self, mixed_float_frame):
tf = mixed_float_frame.reindex(columns=["A", "B", "C"])
casted = tf.astype(np.int64)
casted = tf.astype(np.float32) # noqa
@td.skip_array_manager_not_yet_implemented
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [np.int32, np.int64])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("val", [np.nan, np.inf])
def test_astype_cast_nan_inf_int(self, val, dtype):
# see GH#14265
#
# Check NaN and inf --> raise error when converting to int.
msg = "Cannot convert non-finite values \\(NA or inf\\) to integer"
df = DataFrame([val])
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
df.astype(dtype)
def test_astype_str(self):
# see GH#9757
a = Series(date_range("2010-01-04", periods=5))
b = Series(date_range("3/6/2012 00:00", periods=5, tz="US/Eastern"))
c = Series([Timedelta(x, unit="d") for x in range(5)])
d = Series(range(5))
e = Series([0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8])
df = DataFrame({"a": a, "b": b, "c": c, "d": d, "e": e})
# Datetime-like
result = df.astype(str)
expected = DataFrame({
"a":
list(map(str, map(lambda x: Timestamp(x)._date_repr, a._values))),
"b":
list(map(str, map(Timestamp, b._values))),
"c":
list(map(lambda x: Timedelta(x)._repr_base(), c._values)),
"d":
list(map(str, d._values)),
"e":
list(map(str, e._values)),
})
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_astype_str_float(self):
# see GH#11302
result = DataFrame([np.NaN]).astype(str)
expected = DataFrame(["nan"])
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = DataFrame([1.12345678901234567890]).astype(str)
val = "1.1234567890123457"
expected = DataFrame([val])
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype_class", [dict, Series])
def test_astype_dict_like(self, dtype_class):
# GH7271 & GH16717
a = Series(date_range("2010-01-04", periods=5))
b = Series(range(5))
c = Series([0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8])
d = Series(["1.0", "2", "3.14", "4", "5.4"])
df = DataFrame({"a": a, "b": b, "c": c, "d": d})
original = df.copy(deep=True)
# change type of a subset of columns
dt1 = dtype_class({"b": "str", "d": "float32"})
result = df.astype(dt1)
expected = DataFrame({
"a":
a,
"b":
Series(["0", "1", "2", "3", "4"]),
"c":
c,
"d":
Series([1.0, 2.0, 3.14, 4.0, 5.4], dtype="float32"),
})
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, original)
dt2 = dtype_class({"b": np.float32, "c": "float32", "d": np.float64})
result = df.astype(dt2)
expected = DataFrame({
"a":
a,
"b":
Series([0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0], dtype="float32"),
"c":
Series([0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8], dtype="float32"),
"d":
Series([1.0, 2.0, 3.14, 4.0, 5.4], dtype="float64"),
})
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, original)
# change all columns
dt3 = dtype_class({"a": str, "b": str, "c": str, "d": str})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype(dt3), df.astype(str))
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, original)
# error should be raised when using something other than column labels
# in the keys of the dtype dict
dt4 = dtype_class({"b": str, 2: str})
dt5 = dtype_class({"e": str})
msg = "Only a column name can be used for the key in a dtype mappings argument"
with pytest.raises(KeyError, match=msg):
df.astype(dt4)
with pytest.raises(KeyError, match=msg):
df.astype(dt5)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, original)
# if the dtypes provided are the same as the original dtypes, the
# resulting DataFrame should be the same as the original DataFrame
dt6 = dtype_class({col: df[col].dtype for col in df.columns})
equiv = df.astype(dt6)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, equiv)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, original)
# GH#16717
# if dtypes provided is empty, the resulting DataFrame
# should be the same as the original DataFrame
dt7 = dtype_class({}) if dtype_class is dict else dtype_class(
{}, dtype=object)
equiv = df.astype(dt7)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, equiv)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, original)
def test_astype_duplicate_col(self):
a1 = Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], name="a")
b = Series([0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8], name="b")
a2 = Series([0, 1, 2, 3, 4], name="a")
df = concat([a1, b, a2], axis=1)
result = df.astype(str)
a1_str = Series(["1", "2", "3", "4", "5"], dtype="str", name="a")
b_str = Series(["0.1", "0.2", "0.4", "0.6", "0.8"],
dtype=str,
name="b")
a2_str = Series(["0", "1", "2", "3", "4"], dtype="str", name="a")
expected = concat([a1_str, b_str, a2_str], axis=1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.astype({"a": "str"})
expected = concat([a1_str, b, a2_str], axis=1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"dtype",
[
"category",
CategoricalDtype(),
CategoricalDtype(ordered=True),
CategoricalDtype(ordered=False),
CategoricalDtype(categories=list("abcdef")),
CategoricalDtype(categories=list("edba"), ordered=False),
CategoricalDtype(categories=list("edcb"), ordered=True),
],
ids=repr,
)
def test_astype_categorical(self, dtype):
# GH#18099
d = {"A": list("abbc"), "B": list("bccd"), "C": list("cdde")}
df = DataFrame(d)
result = df.astype(dtype)
expected = DataFrame({k: Categorical(d[k], dtype=dtype) for k in d})
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"cls", [CategoricalDtype, DatetimeTZDtype, IntervalDtype])
def test_astype_categoricaldtype_class_raises(self, cls):
df = DataFrame({"A": ["a", "a", "b", "c"]})
xpr = f"Expected an instance of {cls.__name__}"
with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=xpr):
df.astype({"A": cls})
with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=xpr):
df["A"].astype(cls)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ["Int64", "Int32", "Int16"])
def test_astype_extension_dtypes(self, dtype):
# GH#22578
df = DataFrame([[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0], [5.0, 6.0]],
columns=["a", "b"])
expected1 = DataFrame({
"a": pd.array([1, 3, 5], dtype=dtype),
"b": pd.array([2, 4, 6], dtype=dtype),
})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype(dtype), expected1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype("int64").astype(dtype), expected1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype(dtype).astype("float64"), df)
df = DataFrame([[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0], [5.0, 6.0]],
columns=["a", "b"])
df["b"] = df["b"].astype(dtype)
expected2 = DataFrame({
"a": [1.0, 3.0, 5.0],
"b": pd.array([2, 4, 6], dtype=dtype)
})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, expected2)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype(dtype), expected1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype("int64").astype(dtype), expected1)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ["Int64", "Int32", "Int16"])
def test_astype_extension_dtypes_1d(self, dtype):
# GH#22578
df = DataFrame({"a": [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]})
expected1 = DataFrame({"a": pd.array([1, 2, 3], dtype=dtype)})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype(dtype), expected1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype("int64").astype(dtype), expected1)
df = DataFrame({"a": [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]})
df["a"] = df["a"].astype(dtype)
expected2 = DataFrame({"a": pd.array([1, 2, 3], dtype=dtype)})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, expected2)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype(dtype), expected1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.astype("int64").astype(dtype), expected1)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ["category", "Int64"])
def test_astype_extension_dtypes_duplicate_col(self, dtype):
# GH#24704
a1 = Series([0, np.nan, 4], name="a")
a2 = Series([np.nan, 3, 5], name="a")
df = concat([a1, a2], axis=1)
result = df.astype(dtype)
expected = concat([a1.astype(dtype), a2.astype(dtype)], axis=1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [{
100: "float64",
200: "uint64"
}, "category", "float64"])
def test_astype_column_metadata(self, dtype):
# GH#19920
columns = UInt64Index([100, 200, 300], name="foo")
df = DataFrame(np.arange(15).reshape(5, 3), columns=columns)
df = df.astype(dtype)
tm.assert_index_equal(df.columns, columns)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ["M8", "m8"])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ["ns", "us", "ms", "s", "h", "m", "D"])
def test_astype_from_datetimelike_to_object(self, dtype, unit):
# tests astype to object dtype
# GH#19223 / GH#12425
dtype = f"{dtype}[{unit}]"
arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=dtype)
df = DataFrame(arr)
result = df.astype(object)
assert (result.dtypes == object).all()
if dtype.startswith("M8"):
assert result.iloc[0, 0] == Timestamp(1, unit=unit)
else:
assert result.iloc[0, 0] == Timedelta(1, unit=unit)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("arr_dtype", [np.int64, np.float64])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ["M8", "m8"])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ["ns", "us", "ms", "s", "h", "m", "D"])
def test_astype_to_datetimelike_unit(self, arr_dtype, dtype, unit):
# tests all units from numeric origination
# GH#19223 / GH#12425
dtype = f"{dtype}[{unit}]"
arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=arr_dtype)
df = DataFrame(arr)
result = df.astype(dtype)
expected = DataFrame(arr.astype(dtype))
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@td.skip_array_manager_not_yet_implemented
@pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ["ns", "us", "ms", "s", "h", "m", "D"])
def test_astype_to_datetime_unit(self, unit):
# tests all units from datetime origination
# GH#19223
dtype = f"M8[{unit}]"
arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=dtype)
df = DataFrame(arr)
result = df.astype(dtype)
expected = DataFrame(arr.astype(dtype))
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ["ns"])
def test_astype_to_timedelta_unit_ns(self, unit):
# preserver the timedelta conversion
# GH#19223
dtype = f"m8[{unit}]"
arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=dtype)
df = DataFrame(arr)
result = df.astype(dtype)
expected = DataFrame(arr.astype(dtype))
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@td.skip_array_manager_not_yet_implemented
@pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ["us", "ms", "s", "h", "m", "D"])
def test_astype_to_timedelta_unit(self, unit):
# coerce to float
# GH#19223
dtype = f"m8[{unit}]"
arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=dtype)
df = DataFrame(arr)
result = df.astype(dtype)
expected = DataFrame(df.values.astype(dtype).astype(float))
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("unit", ["ns", "us", "ms", "s", "h", "m", "D"])
def test_astype_to_incorrect_datetimelike(self, unit):
# trying to astype a m to a M, or vice-versa
# GH#19224
dtype = f"M8[{unit}]"
other = f"m8[{unit}]"
df = DataFrame(np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=dtype))
msg = fr"Cannot cast DatetimeArray to dtype timedelta64\[{unit}\]"
with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
df.astype(other)
msg = fr"Cannot cast TimedeltaArray to dtype datetime64\[{unit}\]"
df = DataFrame(np.array([[1, 2, 3]], dtype=other))
with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
df.astype(dtype)
@td.skip_array_manager_not_yet_implemented
def test_astype_arg_for_errors(self):
# GH#14878
df = DataFrame([1, 2, 3])
msg = ("Expected value of kwarg 'errors' to be one of "
"['raise', 'ignore']. Supplied value is 'True'")
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=re.escape(msg)):
df.astype(np.float64, errors=True)
df.astype(np.int8, errors="ignore")
def test_astype_arg_for_errors_dictlist(self):
# GH#25905
df = DataFrame([
{
"a": "1",
"b": "16.5%",
"c": "test"
},
{
"a": "2.2",
"b": "15.3",
"c": "another_test"
},
])
expected = DataFrame([
{
"a": 1.0,
"b": "16.5%",
"c": "test"
},
{
"a": 2.2,
"b": "15.3",
"c": "another_test"
},
])
type_dict = {"a": "float64", "b": "float64", "c": "object"}
result = df.astype(dtype=type_dict, errors="ignore")
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_astype_dt64tz(self, timezone_frame):
# astype
expected = np.array(
[
[
Timestamp("2013-01-01 00:00:00"),
Timestamp("2013-01-02 00:00:00"),
Timestamp("2013-01-03 00:00:00"),
],
[
Timestamp("2013-01-01 00:00:00-0500", tz="US/Eastern"),
NaT,
Timestamp("2013-01-03 00:00:00-0500", tz="US/Eastern"),
],
[
Timestamp("2013-01-01 00:00:00+0100", tz="CET"),
NaT,
Timestamp("2013-01-03 00:00:00+0100", tz="CET"),
],
],
dtype=object,
).T
expected = DataFrame(
expected,
index=timezone_frame.index,
columns=timezone_frame.columns,
dtype=object,
)
result = timezone_frame.astype(object)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
with tm.assert_produces_warning(FutureWarning):
# dt64tz->dt64 deprecated
result = timezone_frame.astype("datetime64[ns]")
expected = DataFrame({
"A":
date_range("20130101", periods=3),
"B":
(date_range("20130101", periods=3,
tz="US/Eastern").tz_convert("UTC").tz_localize(None)),
"C": (date_range("20130101", periods=3,
tz="CET").tz_convert("UTC").tz_localize(None)),
})
expected.iloc[1, 1] = NaT
expected.iloc[1, 2] = NaT
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_astype_dt64tz_to_str(self, timezone_frame):
# str formatting
result = timezone_frame.astype(str)
expected = DataFrame(
[
[
"2013-01-01",
"2013-01-01 00:00:00-05:00",
"2013-01-01 00:00:00+01:00",
],
["2013-01-02", "NaT", "NaT"],
[
"2013-01-03",
"2013-01-03 00:00:00-05:00",
"2013-01-03 00:00:00+01:00",
],
],
columns=timezone_frame.columns,
)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
with option_context("display.max_columns", 20):
result = str(timezone_frame)
assert (
"0 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 00:00:00-05:00 2013-01-01 00:00:00+01:00"
) in result
assert (
"1 2013-01-02 NaT NaT"
) in result
assert (
"2 2013-01-03 2013-01-03 00:00:00-05:00 2013-01-03 00:00:00+01:00"
) in result
def test_astype_empty_dtype_dict(self):
# issue mentioned further down in the following issue's thread
# https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/33113
df = DataFrame()
result = df.astype({})
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, df)
assert result is not df
@td.skip_array_manager_not_yet_implemented # TODO(ArrayManager) ignore keyword
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"df",
[
DataFrame(Series(["x", "y", "z"], dtype="string")),
DataFrame(Series(["x", "y", "z"], dtype="category")),
DataFrame(Series(3 * [Timestamp("2020-01-01", tz="UTC")])),
DataFrame(Series(3 * [Interval(0, 1)])),
],
)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("errors", ["raise", "ignore"])
def test_astype_ignores_errors_for_extension_dtypes(self, df, errors):
# https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/35471
if errors == "ignore":
expected = df
result = df.astype(float, errors=errors)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
else:
msg = "(Cannot cast)|(could not convert)"
with pytest.raises((ValueError, TypeError), match=msg):
df.astype(float, errors=errors)
def test_astype_tz_conversion(self):
# GH 35973
val = {
"tz": date_range("2020-08-30",
freq="d",
periods=2,
tz="Europe/London")
}
df = DataFrame(val)
result = df.astype({"tz": "datetime64[ns, Europe/Berlin]"})
expected = df
expected["tz"] = expected["tz"].dt.tz_convert("Europe/Berlin")
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("tz", ["UTC", "Europe/Berlin"])
def test_astype_tz_object_conversion(self, tz):
# GH 35973
val = {
"tz": date_range("2020-08-30",
freq="d",
periods=2,
tz="Europe/London")
}
expected = DataFrame(val)
# convert expected to object dtype from other tz str (independently tested)
result = expected.astype({"tz": f"datetime64[ns, {tz}]"})
result = result.astype({"tz": "object"})
# do real test: object dtype to a specified tz, different from construction tz.
result = result.astype({"tz": "datetime64[ns, Europe/London]"})
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_astype_dt64_to_string(self, frame_or_series, tz_naive_fixture,
request):
tz = tz_naive_fixture
if tz is None:
mark = pytest.mark.xfail(
reason=
"GH#36153 uses ndarray formatting instead of DTA formatting")
request.node.add_marker(mark)
dti = date_range("2016-01-01", periods=3, tz=tz)
dta = dti._data
dta[0] = NaT
obj = frame_or_series(dta)
result = obj.astype("string")
# Check that Series/DataFrame.astype matches DatetimeArray.astype
expected = frame_or_series(dta.astype("string"))
tm.assert_equal(result, expected)
item = result.iloc[0]
if frame_or_series is DataFrame:
item = item.iloc[0]
assert item is pd.NA
# For non-NA values, we should match what we get for non-EA str
alt = obj.astype(str)
assert np.all(alt.iloc[1:] == result.iloc[1:])
def test_astype_bytes(self):
# GH#39474
result = DataFrame(["foo", "bar", "baz"]).astype(bytes)
assert result.dtypes[0] == np.dtype("S3")
def predict(model: keras.Model, standard_scaler: CustomStandardScaler,
tf_idf: TfidfVectorizer, column_dummies, df_past, df_future):
"""model : Keras Model"""
df_past.date_time = pd.to_datetime(df_past.date_time)
df_future.date_time = pd.to_datetime(df_future.date_time)
df_past.holiday = df_past.holiday != 'None'
df_future.holiday = df_future.holiday != 'None'
t = tf_idf.transform(df_past.weather_description)
t2 = tf_idf.transform(df_future.weather_description)
df_past = pd.concat([
df_past,
pd.DataFrame(data=t.toarray(), index=df_past.index).add_prefix('tag_')
],
axis=1)
df_future = pd.concat([
df_future,
pd.DataFrame(data=t2.toarray(),
index=df_future.index).add_prefix('tag_')
],
axis=1)
df_past.drop(columns='weather_description', inplace=True)
df_future.drop(columns='weather_description', inplace=True)
df_past['hour'] = df_past.date_time.dt.hour
df_past['weekday'] = df_past.date_time.dt.day_name()
df_past['day'] = df_past.date_time.dt.day
df_past['month'] = df_past.date_time.dt.month_name()
df_past.holiday = df_past.holiday.astype(int)
df_future['hour'] = df_future.date_time.dt.hour
df_future['weekday'] = df_future.date_time.dt.day_name()
df_future['day'] = df_future.date_time.dt.day
df_future['month'] = df_future.date_time.dt.month_name()
df_future.holiday = df_future.holiday.astype(int)
for col, values in column_dummies.items():
df_future[col] = df_future[col].astype(CategoricalDtype(values))
df_past[col] = df_past[col].astype(CategoricalDtype(values))
df_past = df_past.join(
pd.get_dummies(df_past.weather_main, prefix='weather'))
df_past = df_past.join(pd.get_dummies(df_past.hour, prefix='hour'))
df_past = df_past.join(pd.get_dummies(df_past.weekday, prefix='weekday'))
df_past = df_past.join(pd.get_dummies(df_past.day, prefix='day'))
df_past = df_past.join(pd.get_dummies(df_past.month, prefix='month'))
df_future = df_future.join(
pd.get_dummies(df_future.weather_main, prefix='weather'))
df_future = df_future.join(pd.get_dummies(df_future.hour, prefix='hour'))
df_future = df_future.join(
pd.get_dummies(df_future.weekday, prefix='weekday'))
df_future = df_future.join(pd.get_dummies(df_future.day, prefix='day'))
df_future = df_future.join(pd.get_dummies(df_future.month, prefix='month'))
df_past = df_past.drop(
columns=['weather_main', 'hour', 'weekday', 'day', 'month'])
df_future = df_future.drop(
columns=['weather_main', 'hour', 'weekday', 'day', 'month'])
df_past.drop(columns='date_time', inplace=True)
df_future.drop(columns='date_time', inplace=True)
traffic = df_past['traffic_volume'].values.reshape(-1, 1)
df_past, df_future, traffic = standard_scaler.transform(
[df_past, df_future, traffic])
df_future = df_future[np.newaxis, :]
df_past = df_past[np.newaxis, :]
y = model.predict((df_past, df_future))
y = tf.squeeze(y)
y = y.numpy()
return standard_scaler.ss[2].inverse_transform(y)
