def trans(psy):
''' Transform a specific Schedule by making all loops
over levels OpenMP parallel.
:param psy: the object holding all information on the PSy layer \
to be modified.
:type psy: :py:class:`psyclone.psyGen.PSy`
:returns: the transformed PSy object
:rtype: :py:class:`psyclone.psyGen.PSy`
'''
from psyclone.psyGen import TransInfo
from psyclone.nemo import NemoKern
# Get the Schedule of the target routine
sched = psy.invokes.get('tra_ldf_iso').schedule
# Get the transformation we will apply
ompt = TransInfo().get_trans_name('OMPParallelLoopTrans')
# Apply it to each loop over levels containing a kernel
for loop in sched.loops():
# TODO loop.kernel method needs extending to cope with
# multiple kernels
kernels = loop.walk(NemoKern)
if kernels and loop.loop_type == "levels":
sched, _ = ompt.apply(loop)
psy.invokes.get('tra_ldf_iso').schedule = sched
# Return the modified psy object
return psy
def test_explicit_loop(parser):
''' Check that we can apply the transformation to an explicit loop. '''
reader = FortranStringReader("program do_loop\n"
"real :: sto_tmp(jpj), sto_tmp2(jpj)\n"
"do ji = 1,jpj\n"
" sto_tmp(ji) = 1.0d0\n"
"end do\n"
"do ji = 1,jpj\n"
" sto_tmp2(ji) = 1.0d0\n"
"end do\n"
"end program do_loop\n")
code = parser(reader)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCLoopTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[0])
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[1], independent=False)
code = str(psy.gen)
assert ("PROGRAM do_loop\n"
" REAL :: sto_tmp(jpj), sto_tmp2(jpj)\n"
" !$ACC LOOP INDEPENDENT\n"
" DO ji = 1, jpj\n"
" sto_tmp(ji) = 1.0D0\n"
" END DO\n"
" !$ACC LOOP\n"
" DO ji = 1, jpj\n"
" sto_tmp2(ji) = 1.0D0\n"
" END DO\n"
"END PROGRAM do_loop" in code)
def trans(psy):
''' Python script intended to be passed to PSyclone's generate()
function via the -s option. Applies OpenMP to every loop before
enclosing them all within a single OpenMP PARALLEL region. '''
from psyclone.psyGen import TransInfo
tinfo = TransInfo()
ltrans = tinfo.get_trans_name('GOceanOMPLoopTrans')
rtrans = tinfo.get_trans_name('OMPParallelTrans')
schedule = psy.invokes.get('invoke_0').schedule
# schedule.view()
# Apply the OpenMP Loop transformation to *every* loop
# in the schedule
for child in schedule.children:
newschedule, _ = ltrans.apply(child)
schedule = newschedule
# Enclose all of these loops within a single OpenMP
# PARALLEL region
newschedule, _ = rtrans.apply(schedule.children)
psy.invokes.get('invoke_0').schedule = newschedule
return psy
def test_omp_private_declaration():
''' Check code generation and private/shared declaration when
an assignment is parallelised. In this case the code is like:
!$omp parallel default(shared), private()
jpk = 100
do k=1, jpk ...
enddo
!$omp end parallel
do k=1, jpk ...
In this case jpk should not be declared private, since then it
is not defined in the next loop.'''
psy, invoke_info = get_invoke("explicit_do_two_loops.f90", api=API, idx=0)
schedule = invoke_info.schedule
omp_parallel = TransInfo().get_trans_name('OMPParallelTrans')
# Apply "omp parallel" around one assignment to a scalar variable
# and a loop using this variable as loop boundary. Parallelising an
# assignment statement is not allowed by default, so we need to disable
# the node type check in order to apply the omp parallel transform.
omp_parallel.apply(schedule.children[0:2], {'node-type-check': False})
expected = "!$omp parallel default(shared), private(ji,jj,jk)"
gen_code = str(psy.gen).lower()
assert expected in gen_code
def test_parallel_if_block(parser):
''' Check that we can enclose an IF-block within a parallel region. '''
reader = FortranStringReader("program do_loop\n"
"integer :: ji\n"
"integer, parameter :: jpi=64\n"
"logical :: init\n"
"real :: sto_tmp(jpi), sto_tmp2(jpi)\n"
"if(init)then\n"
" do ji = 1,jpi\n"
" sto_tmp(ji) = 1.0d0\n"
" end do\n"
"else\n"
" do ji = 1,jpi\n"
" sto_tmp2(ji) = 1.0d0\n"
" end do\n"
"end if\n"
"end program do_loop\n")
code = parser(reader)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCParallelTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[0:1])
code = str(psy.gen)
assert (" !$ACC PARALLEL\n"
" IF (init) THEN\n"
" DO ji = 1, jpi\n" in code)
assert (" END DO\n" " END IF\n" " !$ACC END PARALLEL\n" in code)
def test_omp_explicit_gen():
''' Check code generation for a single explicit loop containing
a kernel. '''
psy, invoke_info = get_invoke("explicit_do.f90", api=API, idx=0)
schedule = invoke_info.schedule
omp_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('OMPParallelLoopTrans')
for loop in schedule.loops():
kernel = loop.kernel
if kernel and loop.loop_type == "levels":
omp_trans.apply(loop)
gen_code = str(psy.gen).lower()
expected = ("program explicit_do\n"
" implicit none\n"
" integer :: ji, jj, jk\n"
" integer, parameter :: jpi = 2, jpj = 4, jpk = 6\n"
" real :: r\n"
" real, dimension(jpi, jpj, jpk) :: umask\n"
" !$omp parallel do default(shared), private(ji,jj,jk), "
"schedule(static)\n"
" do jk = 1, jpk\n"
" do jj = 1, jpj\n"
" do ji = 1, jpi\n"
" umask(ji, jj, jk) = ji * jj * jk / r\n"
" end do\n"
" end do\n"
" end do\n"
" !$omp end parallel do\n"
"end program explicit_do")
assert expected in gen_code
# Check that calling gen a second time gives the same code
gen_code = str(psy.gen).lower()
assert expected in gen_code
def trans(psy):
''' Transform a specific Schedule by making all loops
over levels OpenMP parallel.
:param psy: the object holding all information on the PSy layer \
to be modified.
:type psy: :py:class:`psyclone.psyGen.PSy`
:returns: the transformed PSy object
:rtype: :py:class:`psyclone.psyGen.PSy`
'''
from psyclone.psyGen import TransInfo
from psyclone.nemo import NemoKern
# Get the transformation we will apply
ompt = TransInfo().get_trans_name('OMPParallelLoopTrans')
for invoke in psy.invokes.invoke_list:
# Get the Schedule of the target routine
sched = invoke.schedule
# Apply the OMP transformation to each loop over levels containing
# a kernel
for loop in sched.loops():
kernels = loop.walk(NemoKern)
if kernels and loop.loop_type == "levels":
ompt.apply(loop)
# Return the modified psy object
return psy
def test_parallel_two_loops(parser):
''' Check that we can enclose two loops within a parallel region. '''
reader = FortranStringReader("program do_loop\n"
"integer :: ji\n"
"integer, parameter :: jpi=11\n"
"real :: sto_tmp(jpi), sto_tmp2(jpi)\n"
"do ji = 1,jpi\n"
" sto_tmp(ji) = 1.0d0\n"
"end do\n"
"do ji = 1,jpi\n"
" sto_tmp2(ji) = 1.0d0\n"
"end do\n"
"end program do_loop\n")
code = parser(reader)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCParallelTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule[0:2])
code = str(psy.gen)
assert ("PROGRAM do_loop\n"
" INTEGER :: ji\n"
" INTEGER, PARAMETER :: jpi = 11\n"
" REAL :: sto_tmp(jpi), sto_tmp2(jpi)\n"
" !$ACC PARALLEL\n"
" DO ji = 1, jpi\n"
" sto_tmp(ji) = 1.0D0\n"
" END DO\n"
" DO ji = 1, jpi\n"
" sto_tmp2(ji) = 1.0D0\n"
" END DO\n"
" !$ACC END PARALLEL\n"
"END PROGRAM do_loop" in code)
def test_no_code_blocks(parser):
''' Check that we refuse to include CodeBlocks (i.e. code that we
don't recognise) within a data region. '''
reader = FortranStringReader("program write_out\n"
" integer :: ji, jpj\n"
"real(kind=wp) :: sto_tmp(5)\n"
"do ji = 1,jpj\n"
"read(*,*) sto_tmp(ji)\n"
"end do\n"
"do ji = 1,jpj\n"
"write(*,*) sto_tmp(ji)\n"
"end do\n"
"end program write_out\n")
code = parser(reader)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCDataTrans')
with pytest.raises(TransformationError) as err:
_, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[0:1])
assert ("'CodeBlock' cannot be enclosed by a ACCDataTrans"
in str(err.value))
with pytest.raises(TransformationError) as err:
_, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[1:2])
assert ("'CodeBlock' cannot be enclosed by a ACCDataTrans"
in str(err.value))
def test_implicit_loop_sched2():
''' Check that we get the correct schedule when we transform an implicit
loop over the i-j slab within an explicit loop levels. '''
_, invoke_info = parse(os.path.join(BASE_PATH,
"explicit_over_implicit.f90"),
api=API,
line_length=False)
psy = PSyFactory(API).create(invoke_info)
exp_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('NemoExplicitLoopTrans')
sched = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
loop_levels = sched.children[0]
_, _ = exp_trans.apply(loop_levels.children[0])
# We should have 3 loops (one from the explicit loop over levels and
# the other two from the implicit loops over ji and jj).
loops = sched.walk(nemo.NemoLoop)
assert len(loops) == 3
assert loop_levels.children[0].loop_type == "lat"
kerns = sched.kern_calls()
assert not kerns
_, _ = exp_trans.apply(loop_levels.children[0].children[0])
gen_code = str(psy.gen)
assert (" INTEGER :: jj\n"
" INTEGER :: ji\n"
" DO jk = 1, jpk\n"
" DO jj = 1, jpj, 1\n"
" DO ji = 1, jpi, 1\n"
" umask(ji, jj, jk) = vmask(ji, jj, jk) + 1.0\n"
" END DO\n"
" END DO\n"
" END DO\n"
"END PROGRAM explicit_over_implicit" in gen_code)
# Check that we haven't got duplicate declarations of the loop vars
assert gen_code.count("INTEGER :: ji") == 1
def test_multikern_if(parser):
''' Check that we can include an if-block containing multiple
loops within a kernels region. '''
reader = FortranStringReader("program implicit_loop\n"
"real(kind=wp) :: sto_tmp(5)\n"
"if(do_this)then\n"
"do jk = 1, 3\n"
" sto_tmp(jk) = jk\n"
"end do\n"
"else\n"
"do jk = 1, 5\n"
" sto_tmp(jk) = jk\n"
"end do\n"
"end if\n"
"end program implicit_loop\n")
code = parser(reader)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCKernelsTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[0:1], default_present=True)
gen_code = str(psy.gen).lower()
assert ("!$acc kernels default(present)\n"
" if (do_this) then\n"
" do jk = 1, 3\n" in gen_code)
assert (" end do\n"
" end if\n"
" !$acc end kernels\n"
"end program implicit_loop" in gen_code)
def test_kernels_within_if(parser):
''' Check that we can put a kernels region within an if block. '''
reader = FortranStringReader("program if_then\n"
"if(do_this)then\n"
" do ji=1,jpi\n"
" fld(ji) = 1.0\n"
" end do\n"
"else\n"
" fld2d(:,:) = 0.0\n"
"end if\n"
"end program if_then\n")
code = parser(reader)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCKernelsTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[0].if_body,
default_present=True)
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[0].else_body,
default_present=True)
new_code = str(psy.gen)
assert (" IF (do_this) THEN\n"
" !$ACC KERNELS DEFAULT(PRESENT)\n"
" DO ji = 1, jpi\n" in new_code)
assert (" END DO\n"
" !$ACC END KERNELS\n"
" ELSE\n"
" !$ACC KERNELS DEFAULT(PRESENT)\n"
" fld2d(:, :) = 0.0\n"
" !$ACC END KERNELS\n"
" END IF\n" in new_code)
def test_missed_array_case(parser):
''' Check that we raise the expected InternalError if our internal
sanity check spots that we've missed an array access.
TODO #309 - remove this test. '''
code = ("program do_bound\n"
" integer :: ice_mask(8,8)\n"
" real(kind=wp) :: trim_width(8), zdta(8,8)\n"
" integer :: ji, jj, dom\n"
" do jj = 1, trim_width(dom)\n"
" do ji = 1, 8\n"
" select case(ice_mask(ji,jj))\n"
" case(0)\n"
" zdta(ji,jj) = 1.0\n"
" case(1)\n"
" zdta(ji,jj) = 0.0\n"
" end select\n"
" end do\n"
" end do\n"
"end program do_bound\n")
reader = FortranStringReader(code)
ptree = parser(reader)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(ptree)
schedule = psy.invokes.get('do_bound').schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCDataTrans')
# Put the second loop nest inside a data region
acc_trans.apply(schedule.children)
with pytest.raises(InternalError) as err:
_ = str(psy.gen)
assert ("ArrayReference 'ice_mask' present in source code ("
"'ice_mask(ji, jj)') but not identified" in str(err.value))
def test_replicated_loop(parser, tmpdir):
'''Check code generation with two loops that have the same
structure.
'''
reader = FortranStringReader("subroutine replicate()\n"
" INTEGER :: dummy\n"
" REAL :: zwx(10,10)\n"
" zwx(:,:) = 0.e0\n"
" zwx(:,:) = 0.e0\n"
"END subroutine replicate\n")
code = parser(reader)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.get('replicate').schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCDataTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[0:1])
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[1:2])
gen_code = str(psy.gen)
assert (" !$ACC DATA COPYOUT(zwx)\n"
" zwx(:, :) = 0.E0\n"
" !$ACC END DATA\n"
" !$ACC DATA COPYOUT(zwx)\n"
" zwx(:, :) = 0.E0\n"
" !$ACC END DATA" in gen_code)
assert Compile(tmpdir).string_compiles(gen_code)
def test_omp_explicit_gen():
''' Check code generation for a single explicit loop containing
a kernel. '''
_, invoke_info = parse(os.path.join(BASE_PATH, "explicit_do.f90"),
api=API,
line_length=False)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(invoke_info)
schedule = psy.invokes.get('explicit_do').schedule
omp_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('OMPParallelLoopTrans')
for loop in schedule.loops():
kernel = loop.kernel
if kernel and loop.loop_type == "levels":
schedule, _ = omp_trans.apply(loop)
gen_code = str(psy.gen).lower()
expected = ("program explicit_do\n"
" implicit none\n"
" integer :: ji, jj, jk\n"
" integer :: jpi, jpj, jpk\n"
" real, dimension(jpi, jpj, jpk) :: umask\n"
" !$omp parallel do default(shared), private(ji,jj,jk), "
"schedule(static)\n"
" do jk = 1, jpk\n"
" do jj = 1, jpj\n"
" do ji = 1, jpi\n"
" umask(ji, jj, jk) = ji * jj * jk / r\n"
" end do\n"
" end do\n"
" end do\n"
" !$omp end parallel do\n"
"end program explicit_do")
assert expected in gen_code
# Check that calling gen a second time gives the same code
gen_code = str(psy.gen).lower()
assert expected in gen_code
def test_kernels_dag_name(parser):
''' Check that we get the correct name for a DAG node for an OpenACC
kernels directive. '''
code = parser(FortranStringReader(EXPLICIT_LOOP))
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCKernelsTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[0:2], default_present=True)
assert schedule.children[0].dag_name == "ACC_kernels_1"
def test_array_section():
'''Check code generation with a arrays accessed via an array section.
'''
psy, invoke_info = get_invoke("array_section.f90", api=API, idx=0)
schedule = invoke_info.schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCDataTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children)
gen_code = str(psy.gen)
assert "!$ACC DATA COPYIN(b,c) COPYOUT(a)" in gen_code
def test_kernels_view(parser, capsys):
''' Test the ACCKernelsDirective.view() method. '''
code = parser(FortranStringReader(EXPLICIT_LOOP))
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCKernelsTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[0:2], default_present=True)
schedule.view()
output, _ = capsys.readouterr()
assert "[ACC Kernels]" in output
def test_data_ref():
'''Check code generation with an array accessed via a derived type.
'''
psy, invoke_info = get_invoke("data_ref.f90", api=API, idx=0)
schedule = invoke_info.schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCDataTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children)
gen_code = str(psy.gen)
assert "!$ACC DATA COPYIN(a) COPYOUT(prof,prof%npind)" in gen_code
def test_data_single_node(parser):
''' Check that the ACCDataTrans works if passed a single node rather
than a list. '''
reader = FortranStringReader(EXPLICIT_DO)
code = parser(reader)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.get('explicit_do').schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCDataTrans')
acc_trans.apply(schedule[0])
assert isinstance(schedule[0], ACCDataDirective)
def test_data_no_gen_code():
''' Check that the ACCDataDirective.gen_code() method raises the
expected InternalError as it should not be called. '''
_, invoke_info = get_invoke("explicit_do.f90", api=API, idx=0)
schedule = invoke_info.schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCDataTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[0:2])
with pytest.raises(InternalError) as err:
schedule.children[0].gen_code(schedule)
assert ("ACCDataDirective.gen_code should not have "
"been called" in str(err.value))
def test_no_default_present(parser):
''' Check that we can create a kernels region with no 'default(present)'
clause (as we will want to do when using managed memory). '''
reader = FortranStringReader(EXPLICIT_LOOP)
code = parser(reader)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCKernelsTrans')
_, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children, default_present=False)
gen_code = str(psy.gen)
assert "!$ACC KERNELS\n" in gen_code
def test_add_region_invalid_data_move():
''' Check that _add_region() raises the expected error if an invalid
value for data_movement is supplied. '''
_, invoke_info = get_invoke("explicit_do.f90", api=API, idx=0)
schedule = invoke_info.schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCDataTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children)
datadir = schedule.children[0]
with pytest.raises(InternalError) as err:
datadir._add_region("DATA", "END DATA", data_movement="invalid")
assert ("optional data_movement argument must be one of ['present', "
"'analyse'] but got 'invalid'" in str(err.value))
def test_kernels_no_gen_code(parser):
''' Check that the ACCKernels.gen_code() method raises the
expected error. '''
code = parser(FortranStringReader(EXPLICIT_LOOP))
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCKernelsTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[0:2], default_present=True)
with pytest.raises(InternalError) as err:
schedule.children[0].gen_code(schedule)
assert ("ACCKernelsDirective.gen_code should not have "
"been called" in str(err))
def test_data_view(parser, capsys):
''' Check that the ACCDataDirective.view() method works as expected. '''
reader = FortranStringReader(EXPLICIT_DO)
code = parser(reader)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.get('explicit_do').schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCDataTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children)
schedule.view()
output, _ = capsys.readouterr()
assert "[ACC DATA]" in output
assert schedule.children[0].dag_name == "ACC_data_1"
def test_explicit_loop_validate():
''' Test for the validate method of NemoExplicitLoopTrans. '''
_, invoke_info = parse(os.path.join(BASE_PATH,
"explicit_over_implicit.f90"),
api=API, line_length=False)
psy = PSyFactory(API).create(invoke_info)
exp_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('NemoExplicitLoopTrans')
sched = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
# Attempt to apply the transformation to an explicit do loop
with pytest.raises(TransformationError) as err:
_ = exp_trans.apply(sched.children[0])
assert ("Cannot apply NemoExplicitLoopTrans to something that is "
"not a NemoImplicitLoop (got " in str(err))
def trans(psy):
''' Transformation script entry function '''
tinfo = TransInfo()
itrans = tinfo.get_trans_name('KernelModuleInline')
schedule = psy.invokes.get('invoke_0').schedule
# Module-Inline all coded kernels in this Schedule
for kernel in schedule.coded_kernels():
itrans.apply(kernel)
return psy
def test_seq_loop(parser):
''' Check that we can apply the transformation with the 'sequential'
clause. '''
reader = FortranStringReader(SINGLE_LOOP)
code = parser(reader)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCLoopTrans')
schedule, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[0], sequential=True)
code = str(psy.gen)
assert (" REAL(KIND = wp) :: sto_tmp(jpj)\n"
" !$ACC LOOP SEQ\n"
" DO ji = 1, jpj\n" in code)
def test_collapse_err(parser):
''' Check that attempting to apply the loop transformation with a
'collapse' depth creater than the number of nested loops raises an
error. '''
reader = FortranStringReader(DOUBLE_LOOP)
code = parser(reader)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCLoopTrans')
with pytest.raises(TransformationError) as err:
_, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[0], {"collapse": 3})
assert ("Cannot apply COLLAPSE(3) clause to a loop nest containing "
"only 2 loops" in str(err.value))
def test_no_loops(parser):
''' Check that the transformation refuses to generate a kernels region
if it contains no loops. '''
reader = FortranStringReader("program no_loop\n"
"integer :: jpk\n"
"jpk = 30\n"
"end program no_loop\n")
code = parser(reader)
psy = PSyFactory(API, distributed_memory=False).create(code)
schedule = psy.invokes.invoke_list[0].schedule
acc_trans = TransInfo().get_trans_name('ACCKernelsTrans')
with pytest.raises(TransformationError) as err:
_, _ = acc_trans.apply(schedule.children[0:1], default_present=True)
assert "must enclose at least one loop but none were found" in str(err)
