def test_bra():
b = Bra('0')
assert isinstance(b, Bra)
assert isinstance(b, BraBase)
assert isinstance(b, StateBase)
assert isinstance(b, QExpr)
assert b.label == (Symbol('0'), )
assert b.hilbert_space == HilbertSpace()
assert b.is_commutative is False
# Make sure this doesn't get converted to the number pi.
b = Bra('pi')
assert b.label == (Symbol('pi'), )
b = Bra(x, y)
assert b.label == (x, y)
assert b.hilbert_space == HilbertSpace()
assert b.is_commutative is False
assert b.dual_class() == Ket
assert b.dual == Ket(x, y)
assert b.subs(x, y) == Bra(y, y)
assert Bra() == Bra('psi')
def test_ket():
k = Ket('0')
assert isinstance(k, Ket)
assert isinstance(k, KetBase)
assert isinstance(k, StateBase)
assert isinstance(k, QExpr)
assert k.label == (Symbol('0'), )
assert k.hilbert_space == HilbertSpace()
assert k.is_commutative is False
# Make sure this doesn't get converted to the number pi.
k = Ket('pi')
assert k.label == (Symbol('pi'), )
k = Ket(x, y)
assert k.label == (x, y)
assert k.hilbert_space == HilbertSpace()
assert k.is_commutative is False
assert k.dual_class() == Bra
assert k.dual == Bra(x, y)
assert k.subs(x, y) == Ket(y, y)
k = CustomKet()
assert k == CustomKet("test")
k = CustomKetMultipleLabels()
assert k == CustomKetMultipleLabels("r", "theta", "phi")
assert Ket() == Ket('psi')
def test_qexpr_new():
q = QExpr(0)
assert q.label == (0, )
assert q.hilbert_space == HilbertSpace()
assert q.is_commutative is False
q = QExpr(0, 1)
assert q.label == (Integer(0), Integer(1))
q = QExpr._new_rawargs(HilbertSpace(), Integer(0), Integer(1))
assert q.label == (Integer(0), Integer(1))
assert q.hilbert_space == HilbertSpace()
def test_qexpr_commutative():
q1 = QExpr(x)
q2 = QExpr(y)
assert q1.is_commutative is False
assert q2.is_commutative is False
assert q1 * q2 != q2 * q1
q = QExpr._new_rawargs(0, 1, HilbertSpace())
assert q.is_commutative is False
def test_ket():
k = Ket('0')
assert isinstance(k, Ket)
assert isinstance(k, KetBase)
assert isinstance(k, StateBase)
assert isinstance(k, QExpr)
assert k.label == (Symbol('0'), )
assert k.hilbert_space == HilbertSpace()
assert k.is_commutative == False
# Make sure this doesn't get converted to the number pi.
k = Ket('pi')
assert k.label == (Symbol('pi'), )
k = Ket(x, y)
assert k.label == (x, y)
assert k.hilbert_space == HilbertSpace()
assert k.is_commutative == False
assert k.dual_class == Bra
assert k.dual == Bra(x, y)
assert k.subs(x, y) == Ket(y, y)
def test_operator():
A = Operator('A')
B = Operator('B')
C = Operator('C')
assert isinstance(A, Operator)
assert isinstance(A, QExpr)
assert A.label == (Symbol('A'), )
assert A.is_commutative == False
assert A.hilbert_space == HilbertSpace()
assert A * B != B * A
assert (A * (B + C)).expand() == A * B + A * C
assert ((A + B)**2).expand() == A**2 + A * B + B * A + B**2
def test_operator():
A = Operator('A')
B = Operator('B')
C = Operator('C')
assert isinstance(A, Operator)
assert isinstance(A, QExpr)
assert A.label == (Symbol('A'),)
assert A.is_commutative is False
assert A.hilbert_space == HilbertSpace()
assert A*B != B*A
assert (A*(B + C)).expand() == A*B + A*C
assert ((A + B)**2).expand() == A**2 + A*B + B*A + B**2
assert t_op.label[0] == Symbol(t_op.default_args()[0])
assert Operator() == Operator("O")
def _eval_hilbert_space(cls, args):
"""Compute the Hilbert space instance from the args.
"""
from sympy.physics.quantum.hilbert import HilbertSpace
return HilbertSpace()
def test_sympy__physics__quantum__hilbert__HilbertSpace():
from sympy.physics.quantum.hilbert import HilbertSpace
assert _test_args(HilbertSpace())
def test_big_expr():
f = Function('f')
x = symbols('x')
e1 = Dagger(
AntiCommutator(
Operator('A') + Operator('B'),
Pow(DifferentialOperator(Derivative(f(x), x), f(x)), 3)) *
TensorProduct(Jz**2,
Operator('A') + Operator('B'))) * (JzBra(1, 0) + JzBra(
1, 1)) * (JzKet(0, 0) + JzKet(1, -1))
e2 = Commutator(Jz**2,
Operator('A') + Operator('B')) * AntiCommutator(
Dagger(Operator('C') * Operator('D')),
Operator('E').inv()**2) * Dagger(Commutator(Jz, J2))
e3 = Wigner3j(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) * TensorProduct(
Commutator(
Operator('A') + Dagger(Operator('B')),
Operator('C') + Operator('D')), Jz - J2) * Dagger(
OuterProduct(Dagger(JzBra(1, 1)), JzBra(
1, 0))) * TensorProduct(
JzKetCoupled(1, 1,
(1, 1)) + JzKetCoupled(1, 0, (1, 1)),
JzKetCoupled(1, -1, (1, 1)))
e4 = (ComplexSpace(1) * ComplexSpace(2) +
FockSpace()**2) * (L2(Interval(0, oo)) + HilbertSpace())
assert str(
e1
) == '(Jz**2)x(Dagger(A) + Dagger(B))*{Dagger(DifferentialOperator(Derivative(f(x), x),f(x)))**3,Dagger(A) + Dagger(B)}*(<1,0| + <1,1|)*(|0,0> + |1,-1>)'
ascii_str = \
"""\
/ 3 \\ \n\
|/ +\\ | \n\
2 / + +\\ <| /d \\ | + +> \n\
/J \\ x \\A + B /*||DifferentialOperator|--(f(x)),f(x)| | ,A + B |*(<1,0| + <1,1|)*(|0,0> + |1,-1>)\n\
\\ z/ \\\\ \dx / / / \
"""
ucode_str = \
u"""\
⎧ 3 ⎫ \n\
⎪⎛ †⎞ ⎪ \n\
2 ⎛ † †⎞ ⎨⎜ ⎛d ⎞ ⎟ † †⎬ \n\
⎛J ⎞ ⨂ ⎝A + B ⎠⋅⎪⎜DifferentialOperator⎜──(f(x)),f(x)⎟ ⎟ ,A + B ⎪⋅(⟨1,0❘ + ⟨1,1❘)⋅(❘0,0⟩ + ❘1,-1⟩)\n\
⎝ z⎠ ⎩⎝ ⎝dx ⎠ ⎠ ⎭ \
"""
assert pretty(e1) == ascii_str
assert upretty(e1) == ucode_str
assert latex(e1) == \
r'{\left(J_z\right)^{2}}\otimes \left({A^{\dag} + B^{\dag}}\right) \left\{\left(DifferentialOperator\left(\frac{\partial}{\partial x} \operatorname{f}{\left (x \right )},\operatorname{f}{\left (x \right )}\right)^{\dag}\right)^{3},A^{\dag} + B^{\dag}\right\} \left({\left\langle 1,0\right|} + {\left\langle 1,1\right|}\right) \left({\left|0,0\right\rangle } + {\left|1,-1\right\rangle }\right)'
sT(
e1,
"Mul(TensorProduct(Pow(JzOp(Symbol('J')), Integer(2)), Add(Dagger(Operator(Symbol('A'))), Dagger(Operator(Symbol('B'))))), AntiCommutator(Pow(Dagger(DifferentialOperator(Derivative(Function('f')(Symbol('x')), Symbol('x')),Function('f')(Symbol('x')))), Integer(3)),Add(Dagger(Operator(Symbol('A'))), Dagger(Operator(Symbol('B'))))), Add(JzBra(Integer(1),Integer(0)), JzBra(Integer(1),Integer(1))), Add(JzKet(Integer(0),Integer(0)), JzKet(Integer(1),Integer(-1))))"
)
assert str(e2) == '[Jz**2,A + B]*{E**(-2),Dagger(D)*Dagger(C)}*[J2,Jz]'
ascii_str = \
"""\
[ 2 ] / -2 + +\\ [ 2 ]\n\
[/J \\ ,A + B]*<E ,D *C >*[J ,J ]\n\
[\\ z/ ] \\ / [ z]\
"""
ucode_str = \
u"""\
⎡ 2 ⎤ ⎧ -2 † †⎫ ⎡ 2 ⎤\n\
⎢⎛J ⎞ ,A + B⎥⋅⎨E ,D ⋅C ⎬⋅⎢J ,J ⎥\n\
⎣⎝ z⎠ ⎦ ⎩ ⎭ ⎣ z⎦\
"""
assert pretty(e2) == ascii_str
assert upretty(e2) == ucode_str
assert latex(e2) == \
r'\left[\left(J_z\right)^{2},A + B\right] \left\{\left(E\right)^{-2},D^{\dag} C^{\dag}\right\} \left[J^2,J_z\right]'
sT(
e2,
"Mul(Commutator(Pow(JzOp(Symbol('J')), Integer(2)),Add(Operator(Symbol('A')), Operator(Symbol('B')))), AntiCommutator(Pow(Operator(Symbol('E')), Integer(-2)),Mul(Dagger(Operator(Symbol('D'))), Dagger(Operator(Symbol('C'))))), Commutator(J2Op(Symbol('J')),JzOp(Symbol('J'))))"
)
assert str(e3) == \
"Wigner3j(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)*[Dagger(B) + A,C + D]x(-J2 + Jz)*|1,0><1,1|*(|1,0,j1=1,j2=1> + |1,1,j1=1,j2=1>)x|1,-1,j1=1,j2=1>"
ascii_str = \
"""\
[ + ] / 2 \\ \n\
/1 3 5\\*[B + A,C + D]x |- J + J |*|1,0><1,1|*(|1,0,j1=1,j2=1> + |1,1,j1=1,j2=1>)x |1,-1,j1=1,j2=1>\n\
| | \\ z/ \n\
\\2 4 6/ \
"""
ucode_str = \
u"""\
⎡ † ⎤ ⎛ 2 ⎞ \n\
⎛1 3 5⎞⋅⎣B + A,C + D⎦⨂ ⎜- J + J ⎟⋅❘1,0⟩⟨1,1❘⋅(❘1,0,j₁=1,j₂=1⟩ + ❘1,1,j₁=1,j₂=1⟩)⨂ ❘1,-1,j₁=1,j₂=1⟩\n\
⎜ ⎟ ⎝ z⎠ \n\
⎝2 4 6⎠ \
"""
assert pretty(e3) == ascii_str
assert upretty(e3) == ucode_str
assert latex(e3) == \
r'\left(\begin{array}{ccc} 1 & 3 & 5 \\ 2 & 4 & 6 \end{array}\right) {\left[B^{\dag} + A,C + D\right]}\otimes \left({- J^2 + J_z}\right) {\left|1,0\right\rangle }{\left\langle 1,1\right|} \left({{\left|1,0,j_{1}=1,j_{2}=1\right\rangle } + {\left|1,1,j_{1}=1,j_{2}=1\right\rangle }}\right)\otimes {{\left|1,-1,j_{1}=1,j_{2}=1\right\rangle }}'
sT(
e3,
"Mul(Wigner3j(Integer(1), Integer(2), Integer(3), Integer(4), Integer(5), Integer(6)), TensorProduct(Commutator(Add(Dagger(Operator(Symbol('B'))), Operator(Symbol('A'))),Add(Operator(Symbol('C')), Operator(Symbol('D')))), Add(Mul(Integer(-1), J2Op(Symbol('J'))), JzOp(Symbol('J')))), OuterProduct(JzKet(Integer(1),Integer(0)),JzBra(Integer(1),Integer(1))), TensorProduct(Add(JzKetCoupled(Integer(1),Integer(0),Tuple(Integer(1), Integer(1)),Tuple(Tuple(Integer(1), Integer(2), Integer(1)))), JzKetCoupled(Integer(1),Integer(1),Tuple(Integer(1), Integer(1)),Tuple(Tuple(Integer(1), Integer(2), Integer(1))))), JzKetCoupled(Integer(1),Integer(-1),Tuple(Integer(1), Integer(1)),Tuple(Tuple(Integer(1), Integer(2), Integer(1))))))"
)
assert str(e4) == '(C(1)*C(2)+F**2)*(L2([0, oo))+H)'
ascii_str = \
"""\
// 1 2\\ x2\\ / 2 \\\n\
\\\\C x C / + F / x \L + H/\
"""
ucode_str = \
u"""\
⎛⎛ 1 2⎞ ⨂2⎞ ⎛ 2 ⎞\n\
⎝⎝C ⨂ C ⎠ ⊕ F ⎠ ⨂ ⎝L ⊕ H⎠\
"""
assert pretty(e4) == ascii_str
assert upretty(e4) == ucode_str
assert latex(e4) == \
r'\left(\left(\mathcal{C}^{1}\otimes \mathcal{C}^{2}\right)\oplus {\mathcal{F}}^{\otimes 2}\right)\otimes \left({\mathcal{L}^2}\left( \left[0, \infty\right) \right)\oplus \mathcal{H}\right)'
sT(
e4,
"TensorProductHilbertSpace((DirectSumHilbertSpace(TensorProductHilbertSpace(ComplexSpace(Integer(1)),ComplexSpace(Integer(2))),TensorPowerHilbertSpace(FockSpace(),Integer(2)))),(DirectSumHilbertSpace(L2(Interval(Integer(0), oo, False, True)),HilbertSpace())))"
)
def test_hilbert():
h1 = HilbertSpace()
h2 = ComplexSpace(2)
h3 = FockSpace()
h4 = L2(Interval(0, oo))
assert str(h1) == 'H'
assert pretty(h1) == 'H'
assert upretty(h1) == u'H'
assert latex(h1) == r'\mathcal{H}'
sT(h1, "HilbertSpace()")
assert str(h2) == 'C(2)'
ascii_str = \
"""\
2\n\
C \
"""
ucode_str = \
u"""\
2\n\
C \
"""
assert pretty(h2) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h2) == ucode_str
assert latex(h2) == r'\mathcal{C}^{2}'
sT(h2, "ComplexSpace(Integer(2))")
assert str(h3) == 'F'
assert pretty(h3) == 'F'
assert upretty(h3) == u'F'
assert latex(h3) == r'\mathcal{F}'
sT(h3, "FockSpace()")
assert str(h4) == 'L2([0, oo))'
ascii_str = \
"""\
2\n\
L \
"""
ucode_str = \
u"""\
2\n\
L \
"""
assert pretty(h4) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h4) == ucode_str
assert latex(h4) == r'{\mathcal{L}^2}\left( \left[0, \infty\right) \right)'
sT(h4, "L2(Interval(Integer(0), oo, False, True))")
assert str(h1 + h2) == 'H+C(2)'
ascii_str = \
"""\
2\n\
H + C \
"""
ucode_str = \
u"""\
2\n\
H ⊕ C \
"""
assert pretty(h1 + h2) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h1 + h2) == ucode_str
assert latex(h1 + h2)
sT(h1 + h2,
"DirectSumHilbertSpace(HilbertSpace(),ComplexSpace(Integer(2)))")
assert str(h1 * h2) == "H*C(2)"
ascii_str = \
"""\
2\n\
H x C \
"""
ucode_str = \
u"""\
2\n\
H ⨂ C \
"""
assert pretty(h1 * h2) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h1 * h2) == ucode_str
assert latex(h1 * h2)
sT(h1 * h2,
"TensorProductHilbertSpace(HilbertSpace(),ComplexSpace(Integer(2)))")
assert str(h1**2) == 'H**2'
ascii_str = \
"""\
x2\n\
H \
"""
ucode_str = \
u"""\
⨂2\n\
H \
"""
assert pretty(h1**2) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h1**2) == ucode_str
assert latex(h1**2) == r'{\mathcal{H}}^{\otimes 2}'
sT(h1**2, "TensorPowerHilbertSpace(HilbertSpace(),Integer(2))")
def test_hilbert_space():
hs = HilbertSpace()
assert isinstance(hs, HilbertSpace)
assert sstr(hs) == 'H'
assert srepr(hs) == 'HilbertSpace()'
def test_hilbert():
h1 = HilbertSpace()
h2 = ComplexSpace(2)
h3 = FockSpace()
h4 = L2(Interval(0, oo))
assert str(h1) == 'H'
assert pretty(h1) == 'H'
assert upretty(h1) == 'H'
assert latex(h1) == r'\mathcal{H}'
sT(h1, "HilbertSpace()")
assert str(h2) == 'C(2)'
ascii_str = \
"""\
2\n\
C \
"""
ucode_str = \
"""\
2\n\
C \
"""
assert pretty(h2) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h2) == ucode_str
assert latex(h2) == r'\mathcal{C}^{2}'
sT(h2, "ComplexSpace(Integer(2))")
assert str(h3) == 'F'
assert pretty(h3) == 'F'
assert upretty(h3) == 'F'
assert latex(h3) == r'\mathcal{F}'
sT(h3, "FockSpace()")
#FIXME: ajgpitch 2019-09-22
# Seems like there is something to fix here
# Interval is not being evaluated
assert str(h4) == 'L2([0, oo])'
assert str(h4) == 'L2([0, oo])'
ascii_str = \
"""\
2\n\
L \
"""
ucode_str = \
"""\
2\n\
L \
"""
assert pretty(h4) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h4) == ucode_str
assert latex(h4) == r'{\mathcal{L}^2}\left( \left[0, \infty\right) \right)'
sT(h4, "L2(Interval(Integer(0), oo, S.false, S.true))")
assert str(h1 + h2) == 'H+C(2)'
ascii_str = \
"""\
2\n\
H + C \
"""
ucode_str = \
"""\
2\n\
H ⊕ C \
"""
assert pretty(h1 + h2) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h1 + h2) == ucode_str
assert latex(h1 + h2)
sT(h1 + h2,
"DirectSumHilbertSpace(HilbertSpace(),ComplexSpace(Integer(2)))")
assert str(h1 * h2) == "H*C(2)"
ascii_str = \
"""\
2\n\
H x C \
"""
ucode_str = \
"""\
2\n\
H ⨂ C \
"""
assert pretty(h1 * h2) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h1 * h2) == ucode_str
assert latex(h1 * h2)
sT(h1 * h2,
"TensorProductHilbertSpace(HilbertSpace(),ComplexSpace(Integer(2)))")
assert str(h1**2) == 'H**2'
ascii_str = \
"""\
x2\n\
H \
"""
ucode_str = \
"""\
⨂2\n\
H \
"""
assert pretty(h1**2) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h1**2) == ucode_str
assert latex(h1**2) == r'{\mathcal{H}}^{\otimes 2}'
sT(h1**2, "TensorPowerHilbertSpace(HilbertSpace(),Integer(2))")
def test_hilbert():
h1 = HilbertSpace()
h2 = ComplexSpace(2)
h3 = FockSpace()
h4 = L2(Interval(0, oo))
assert str(h1) == "H"
assert pretty(h1) == "H"
assert upretty(h1) == u"H"
assert latex(h1) == r"\mathcal{H}"
sT(h1, "HilbertSpace()")
assert str(h2) == "C(2)"
ascii_str = """\
2\n\
C \
"""
ucode_str = u("""\
2\n\
C \
""")
assert pretty(h2) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h2) == ucode_str
assert latex(h2) == r"\mathcal{C}^{2}"
sT(h2, "ComplexSpace(Integer(2))")
assert str(h3) == "F"
assert pretty(h3) == "F"
assert upretty(h3) == u"F"
assert latex(h3) == r"\mathcal{F}"
sT(h3, "FockSpace()")
assert str(h4) == "L2(Interval(0, oo))"
ascii_str = """\
2\n\
L \
"""
ucode_str = u("""\
2\n\
L \
""")
assert pretty(h4) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h4) == ucode_str
assert latex(h4) == r"{\mathcal{L}^2}\left( \left[0, \infty\right) \right)"
sT(h4, "L2(Interval(Integer(0), oo, false, true))")
assert str(h1 + h2) == "H+C(2)"
ascii_str = """\
2\n\
H + C \
"""
ucode_str = u("""\
2\n\
H ⊕ C \
""")
assert pretty(h1 + h2) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h1 + h2) == ucode_str
assert latex(h1 + h2)
sT(h1 + h2,
"DirectSumHilbertSpace(HilbertSpace(),ComplexSpace(Integer(2)))")
assert str(h1 * h2) == "H*C(2)"
ascii_str = """\
2\n\
H x C \
"""
ucode_str = u("""\
2\n\
H ⨂ C \
""")
assert pretty(h1 * h2) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h1 * h2) == ucode_str
assert latex(h1 * h2)
sT(h1 * h2,
"TensorProductHilbertSpace(HilbertSpace(),ComplexSpace(Integer(2)))")
assert str(h1**2) == "H**2"
ascii_str = """\
x2\n\
H \
"""
ucode_str = u("""\
⨂2\n\
H \
""")
assert pretty(h1**2) == ascii_str
assert upretty(h1**2) == ucode_str
assert latex(h1**2) == r"{\mathcal{H}}^{\otimes 2}"
sT(h1**2, "TensorPowerHilbertSpace(HilbertSpace(),Integer(2))")