def arc_to(self, endpoint, center=None, start_slant=None, end_slant=None):
"""
Draw an arc ending at the specified point, starting tangent to the
current position and heading.
"""
if points_equal(self._position, endpoint):
return
# Handle unspecified center.
# We need to find the center of the arc, so we can find its radius. The
# center of this arc is uniquely defined by the intersection of two
# lines:
# 1. The first line is perpendicular to the pen heading, passing
# through the pen position.
# 2. The second line is the perpendicular bisector of the pen position
# and the target arc end point.
v_pen = self._vector()
v_perp = vec.perp(self._vector())
v_chord = vec.vfrom(self._position, endpoint)
if center is None:
midpoint = vec.div(vec.add(self._position, endpoint), 2)
v_bisector = vec.perp(v_chord)
center = intersect_lines(
self._position,
vec.add(self._position, v_perp),
midpoint,
vec.add(midpoint, v_bisector),
)
# Determine true start heading. This may not be the same as the
# original pen heading in some circumstances.
assert not points_equal(center, self._position)
v_radius_start = vec.vfrom(center, self._position)
v_radius_perp = vec.perp(v_radius_start)
if vec.dot(v_radius_perp, v_pen) < 0:
v_radius_perp = vec.neg(v_radius_perp)
start_heading = math.degrees(vec.heading(v_radius_perp))
self.turn_to(start_heading)
# Refresh v_pen and v_perp based on the new start heading.
v_pen = self._vector()
v_perp = vec.perp(self._vector())
# Calculate the arc angle.
# The arc angle is double the angle between the pen vector and the
# chord vector. Arcing to the left is a positive angle, and arcing to
# the right is a negative angle.
arc_angle = 2 * math.degrees(vec.angle(v_pen, v_chord))
radius = vec.mag(v_radius_start)
# Check which side of v_pen the goes toward.
if vec.dot(v_chord, v_perp) < 0:
arc_angle = -arc_angle
radius = -radius
self._arc(
center,
radius,
endpoint,
arc_angle,
start_slant,
end_slant,
)
def intersect_lines(a, b, c, d, segment=False):
"""
Find the intersection of lines a-b and c-d.
If the "segment" argument is true, treat the lines as segments, and check
whether the intersection point is off the end of either segment.
"""
# Reference:
# http://geomalgorithms.com/a05-_intersect-1.html
u = vec.vfrom(a, b)
v = vec.vfrom(c, d)
w = vec.vfrom(c, a)
u_perp_dot_v = vec.dot(vec.perp(u), v)
if float_equal(u_perp_dot_v, 0):
return None # We have collinear segments, no single intersection.
v_perp_dot_w = vec.dot(vec.perp(v), w)
s = v_perp_dot_w / u_perp_dot_v
if segment and (s < 0 or s > 1):
return None
u_perp_dot_w = vec.dot(vec.perp(u), w)
t = u_perp_dot_w / u_perp_dot_v
if segment and (t < 0 or t > 1):
return None
return vec.add(a, vec.mul(u, s))
def arc_to(self, endpoint, center=None, start_slant=None, end_slant=None):
"""
Draw an arc ending at the specified point, starting tangent to the
current position and heading.
"""
if points_equal(self._position, endpoint):
return
# Handle unspecified center.
# We need to find the center of the arc, so we can find its radius. The
# center of this arc is uniquely defined by the intersection of two
# lines:
# 1. The first line is perpendicular to the pen heading, passing
# through the pen position.
# 2. The second line is the perpendicular bisector of the pen position
# and the target arc end point.
v_pen = self._vector()
v_perp = vec.perp(self._vector())
v_chord = vec.vfrom(self._position, endpoint)
if center is None:
midpoint = vec.div(vec.add(self._position, endpoint), 2)
v_bisector = vec.perp(v_chord)
center = intersect_lines(
self._position,
vec.add(self._position, v_perp),
midpoint,
vec.add(midpoint, v_bisector),
)
# Determine true start heading. This may not be the same as the
# original pen heading in some circumstances.
assert not points_equal(center, self._position)
v_radius_start = vec.vfrom(center, self._position)
v_radius_perp = vec.perp(v_radius_start)
if vec.dot(v_radius_perp, v_pen) < 0:
v_radius_perp = vec.neg(v_radius_perp)
start_heading = math.degrees(vec.heading(v_radius_perp))
self.turn_to(start_heading)
# Refresh v_pen and v_perp based on the new start heading.
v_pen = self._vector()
v_perp = vec.perp(self._vector())
# Calculate the arc angle.
# The arc angle is double the angle between the pen vector and the
# chord vector. Arcing to the left is a positive angle, and arcing to
# the right is a negative angle.
arc_angle = 2 * math.degrees(vec.angle(v_pen, v_chord))
radius = vec.mag(v_radius_start)
# Check which side of v_pen the goes toward.
if vec.dot(v_chord, v_perp) < 0:
arc_angle = -arc_angle
radius = -radius
self._arc(
center,
radius,
endpoint,
arc_angle,
start_slant,
end_slant,
)
def intersect_lines(a, b, c, d, segment=False):
"""
Find the intersection of lines a-b and c-d.
If the "segment" argument is true, treat the lines as segments, and check
whether the intersection point is off the end of either segment.
"""
# Reference:
# http://geomalgorithms.com/a05-_intersect-1.html
u = vec.vfrom(a, b)
v = vec.vfrom(c, d)
w = vec.vfrom(c, a)
u_perp_dot_v = vec.dot(vec.perp(u), v)
if float_equal(u_perp_dot_v, 0):
return None # We have collinear segments, no single intersection.
v_perp_dot_w = vec.dot(vec.perp(v), w)
s = v_perp_dot_w / u_perp_dot_v
if segment and (s < 0 or s > 1):
return None
u_perp_dot_w = vec.dot(vec.perp(u), w)
t = u_perp_dot_w / u_perp_dot_v
if segment and (t < 0 or t > 1):
return None
return vec.add(a, vec.mul(u, s))
def set_slants(self, start_slant, end_slant):
if start_slant is not None:
start_slant = Heading(start_slant)
if end_slant is not None:
end_slant = Heading(end_slant)
self.start_slant = start_slant
self.end_slant = end_slant
# Intersect the slant lines with the left and right offset lines
# to find the corners.
line_left = self.offset_line_left()
line_right = self.offset_line_right()
# Start corners.
if start_slant is None:
v_slant = vec.perp(self._vector())
else:
v_slant = vec.from_heading(start_slant.rad)
a = self.a
b = vec.add(self.a, v_slant)
left = intersect_lines(a, b, line_left[0], line_left[1])
right = intersect_lines(a, b, line_right[0], line_right[1])
if left is None or right is None:
self.start_joint_illegal = True
else:
self.a_left = Point(*left)
self.a_right = Point(*right)
# End corners.
if end_slant is None:
v_slant = vec.perp(self._vector())
else:
v_slant = vec.from_heading(end_slant.rad)
a = self.b
b = vec.add(self.b, v_slant)
left = intersect_lines(a, b, line_left[0], line_left[1])
right = intersect_lines(a, b, line_right[0], line_right[1])
if left is None or right is None:
self.end_joint_illegal = True
else:
self.b_left = Point(*left)
self.b_right = Point(*right)
# Done, make sure we didn't cross
self.check_degenerate_segment()
def set_slants(self, start_slant, end_slant):
if start_slant is not None:
start_slant = Heading(start_slant)
if end_slant is not None:
end_slant = Heading(end_slant)
self.start_slant = start_slant
self.end_slant = end_slant
# Intersect the slant lines with the left and right offset lines
# to find the corners.
line_left = self.offset_line_left()
line_right = self.offset_line_right()
# Start corners.
if start_slant is None:
v_slant = vec.perp(self._vector())
else:
v_slant = vec.from_heading(start_slant.rad)
a = self.a
b = vec.add(self.a, v_slant)
left = intersect_lines(a, b, line_left[0], line_left[1])
right = intersect_lines(a, b, line_right[0], line_right[1])
if left is None or right is None:
self.start_joint_illegal = True
else:
self.a_left = Point(*left)
self.a_right = Point(*right)
# End corners.
if end_slant is None:
v_slant = vec.perp(self._vector())
else:
v_slant = vec.from_heading(end_slant.rad)
a = self.b
b = vec.add(self.b, v_slant)
left = intersect_lines(a, b, line_left[0], line_left[1])
right = intersect_lines(a, b, line_right[0], line_right[1])
if left is None or right is None:
self.end_joint_illegal = True
else:
self.b_left = Point(*left)
self.b_right = Point(*right)
# Done, make sure we didn't cross
self.check_degenerate_segment()
def interpret_controls(self):
if not hasattr(self.input, 'turn_direction'):
# Interpret controls using x and y axis to pick a target direction,
# then translate into turn direction and thrust.
# If the player is pushing towards a direction and not braking,
# then it is thrusting.
self.do_brake = self.input.brake
self.turn_direction = 0
self.do_thrust = False
self.intended_direction = (self.input.x_axis, -self.input.y_axis)
if self.intended_direction != (0, 0):
if not self.do_brake:
self.do_thrust = True
# Determine which direction we should turn to come closer to the
# correct one.
side = vec.dot(self.intended_direction,
vec.perp(self.direction))
if (vec.angle(self.intended_direction, self.direction) <
c.player_intended_turn_threshold):
self.turn_direction = 0
elif side < 0:
self.turn_direction = +1
elif side > 0:
self.turn_direction = -1
else:
# Interpret controls using thrust, brake, and turn direction.
self.turn_direction = self.input.turn_direction
self.do_brake = self.input.brake
self.do_thrust = self.input.thrust and not self.do_brake
def arc_left(
self, arc_angle, radius=None, center=None, start_slant=None, end_slant=None,
):
if (
(radius is None and center is None)
or (radius is not None and center is not None)
):
raise TypeError('You must specify exactly one of center or radius.')
arc_angle = Angle(arc_angle)
# Create a radius vector, which is a vector from the arc center to the
# current position. Subtract to find the center, then rotate the radius
# vector to find the arc end point.
if center is None:
if arc_angle < 0:
radius = -abs(radius)
v_radius = vec.neg(vec.perp(self._vector(radius)))
center = vec.sub(self._position, v_radius)
elif radius is None:
v_radius = vec.vfrom(center, self._position)
radius = vec.mag(v_radius)
if arc_angle < 0:
radius = -radius
endpoint = vec.add(center, vec.rotate(v_radius, arc_angle.rad))
self._arc(
center,
radius,
endpoint,
arc_angle,
start_slant=start_slant,
end_slant=end_slant,
)
def arc_left(
self, arc_angle, radius=None, center=None, start_slant=None, end_slant=None,
):
if (
(radius is None and center is None) or
(radius is not None and center is not None)
):
raise TypeError('You must specify exactly one of center or radius.')
arc_angle = Angle(arc_angle)
# Create a radius vector, which is a vector from the arc center to the
# current position. Subtract to find the center, then rotate the radius
# vector to find the arc end point.
if center is None:
if arc_angle < 0:
radius = -abs(radius)
v_radius = vec.neg(vec.perp(self._vector(radius)))
center = vec.sub(self._position, v_radius)
elif radius is None:
v_radius = vec.vfrom(center, self._position)
radius = vec.mag(v_radius)
if arc_angle < 0:
radius = -radius
endpoint = vec.add(center, vec.rotate(v_radius, arc_angle.rad))
self._arc(
center,
radius,
endpoint,
arc_angle,
start_slant=start_slant,
end_slant=end_slant,
)
def interpret_controls(self):
if not hasattr(self.input, 'turn_direction'):
# Interpret controls using x and y axis to pick a target direction,
# then translate into turn direction and thrust.
# If the player is pushing towards a direction and not braking,
# then it is thrusting.
self.do_brake = self.input.brake
self.turn_direction = 0
self.do_thrust = False
self.intended_direction = (self.input.x_axis, -self.input.y_axis)
if self.intended_direction != (0, 0):
if not self.do_brake:
self.do_thrust = True
# Determine which direction we should turn to come closer to the
# correct one.
side = vec.dot(self.intended_direction, vec.perp(self.direction))
if (
vec.angle(self.intended_direction, self.direction) <
c.player_intended_turn_threshold
):
self.turn_direction = 0
elif side < 0:
self.turn_direction = +1
elif side > 0:
self.turn_direction = -1
else:
# Interpret controls using thrust, brake, and turn direction.
self.turn_direction = self.input.turn_direction
self.do_brake = self.input.brake
self.do_thrust = self.input.thrust and not self.do_brake
def collide_particles(p1, p2):
restitution = p1.restitution * p2.restitution
# Don't collide immovable particles.
if p1.immovable and p2.immovable:
return
# Test if p1 and p2 are actually intersecting.
if not intersect(p1, p2):
return
# If one particle is immovable, make it the first one.
if not p1.immovable and p2.immovable:
p1, p2 = p2, p1
# Vector spanning between the centers, normal to contact surface.
v_span = vec.vfrom(p1.pos, p2.pos)
# Split into normal and tangential components and calculate
# initial velocities.
normal = vec.norm(v_span)
tangent = vec.perp(normal)
v1_tangent = vec.proj(p1.velocity, tangent)
v2_tangent = vec.proj(p2.velocity, tangent)
p1_initial = vec.dot(p1.velocity, normal)
p2_initial = vec.dot(p2.velocity, normal)
# Don't collide if particles were actually moving away from each other, so
# they don't get stuck inside one another.
if p1_initial - p2_initial < 0:
return
# Handle immovable particles specially.
if p1.immovable:
p2_final = -p2_initial * restitution
p2.velocity = vec.add(
v2_tangent,
vec.mul(normal, p2_final),
)
return
# Elastic collision equations along normal component.
m1, m2 = p1.mass, p2.mass
m1plusm2 = (m1 + m2) / restitution
p1_final = (p1_initial * (m1 - m2) / m1plusm2 + p2_initial *
(2 * m2) / m1plusm2)
p2_final = (p2_initial * (m2 - m1) / m1plusm2 + p1_initial *
(2 * m1) / m1plusm2)
# Tangential component is unchanged, recombine.
p1.velocity = vec.add(
v1_tangent,
vec.mul(normal, p1_final),
)
p2.velocity = vec.add(
v2_tangent,
vec.mul(normal, p2_final),
)
def intersect_circles(center1, radius1, center2, radius2):
radius1 = abs(radius1)
radius2 = abs(radius2)
if radius2 > radius1:
return intersect_circles(center2, radius2, center1, radius1)
transverse = vec.vfrom(center1, center2)
dist = vec.mag(transverse)
# Check for identical or concentric circles. These will have either
# no points in common or all points in common, and in either case, we
# return an empty list.
if points_equal(center1, center2):
return []
# Check for exterior or interior tangent.
radius_sum = radius1 + radius2
radius_difference = abs(radius1 - radius2)
if (float_equal(dist, radius_sum) or float_equal(dist, radius_difference)):
return [
vec.add(center1, vec.norm(transverse, radius1)),
]
# Check for non intersecting circles.
if dist > radius_sum or dist < radius_difference:
return []
# If we've reached this point, we know that the two circles intersect
# in two distinct points.
# Reference:
# http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Circle-CircleIntersection.html
# Pretend that the circles are arranged along the x-axis.
# Find the x-value of the intersection points, which is the same for both
# points. Then find the chord length "a" between the two intersection
# points, and use vector math to find the points.
dist2 = vec.mag2(transverse)
x = (dist2 - radius2**2 + radius1**2) / (2 * dist)
a = ((1 / dist) * sqrt(
(-dist + radius1 - radius2) * (-dist - radius1 + radius2) *
(-dist + radius1 + radius2) * (dist + radius1 + radius2)))
chord_middle = vec.add(
center1,
vec.norm(transverse, x),
)
perp = vec.perp(transverse)
return [
vec.add(chord_middle, vec.norm(perp, a / 2)),
vec.add(chord_middle, vec.norm(perp, -a / 2)),
]
def rebound(self, normal, point=None, restitution=1):
# Split into normal and tangential components.
tangent = vec.perp(normal)
v_tangent = vec.proj(self.velocity, tangent)
v_normal = vec.proj(self.velocity, normal)
# Invert normal component and recombine, with restitution.
v_normal = vec.neg(v_normal)
self.velocity = vec.add(v_tangent, vec.mul(v_normal, restitution))
# If the particle is partially inside the wall, move it out.
if point is not None:
v = vec.vfrom(point, self.pos)
if vec.mag2(v) < self.radius ** 2:
v = vec.norm(v, self.radius)
self.pos = vec.add(point, v)
def collide_particles(p1, p2):
restitution = p1.restitution * p2.restitution
# Don't collide immovable particles.
if p1.immovable and p2.immovable:
return
# Test if p1 and p2 are actually intersecting.
if not intersect(p1, p2):
return
# If one particle is immovable, make it the first one.
if not p1.immovable and p2.immovable:
p1, p2 = p2, p1
# Vector spanning between the centers, normal to contact surface.
v_span = vec.vfrom(p1.pos, p2.pos)
# Split into normal and tangential components and calculate
# initial velocities.
normal = vec.norm(v_span)
tangent = vec.perp(normal)
v1_tangent = vec.proj(p1.velocity, tangent)
v2_tangent = vec.proj(p2.velocity, tangent)
p1_initial = vec.dot(p1.velocity, normal)
p2_initial = vec.dot(p2.velocity, normal)
# Don't collide if particles were actually moving away from each other, so
# they don't get stuck inside one another.
if p1_initial - p2_initial < 0:
return
# Handle immovable particles specially.
if p1.immovable:
p2_final = -p2_initial * restitution
p2.velocity = vec.add(v2_tangent, vec.mul(normal, p2_final))
return
# Elastic collision equations along normal component.
m1, m2 = p1.mass, p2.mass
m1plusm2 = (m1 + m2) / restitution
p1_final = p1_initial * (m1 - m2) / m1plusm2 + p2_initial * (2 * m2) / m1plusm2
p2_final = p2_initial * (m2 - m1) / m1plusm2 + p1_initial * (2 * m1) / m1plusm2
# Tangential component is unchanged, recombine.
p1.velocity = vec.add(v1_tangent, vec.mul(normal, p1_final))
p2.velocity = vec.add(v2_tangent, vec.mul(normal, p2_final))
def rebound(self, normal, point=None, restitution=1):
# Split into normal and tangential components.
tangent = vec.perp(normal)
v_tangent = vec.proj(self.velocity, tangent)
v_normal = vec.proj(self.velocity, normal)
# Invert normal component and recombine, with restitution.
v_normal = vec.neg(v_normal)
self.velocity = vec.add(
v_tangent,
vec.mul(v_normal, restitution),
)
# If the particle is partially inside the wall, move it out.
if point is not None:
v = vec.vfrom(point, self.pos)
if vec.mag2(v) < self.radius**2:
v = vec.norm(v, self.radius)
self.pos = vec.add(point, v)
def intersect_circle_line(center, radius, line_start, line_end):
"""
Find the intersection of a circle with a line.
"""
radius = abs(radius)
# First check whether the line is too far away, or if we have a
# single point of contact.
# Reference:
# http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Point-LineDistance2-Dimensional.html
r = vec.vfrom(center, line_start)
v = vec.perp(vec.vfrom(line_start, line_end))
d = vec.proj(r, v)
dist = vec.mag(d)
if float_equal(dist, radius):
# Single intersection point, because the circle and line are tangent.
point = vec.add(center, d)
return [point]
elif dist > radius:
return []
# Set up parametric equations for the line and the circle, and solve them.
# Reference:
# http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/Dave/CM0268/PDF/circle_line_intersect_proof.pdf
xc, yc = center
x0, y0 = line_start
x1, y1 = line_end
line_x, line_y = (x1 - x0), (y1 - y0) # f, g
dx, dy = (x0 - xc), (y0 - yc)
a = line_x**2 + line_y**2
b = 2 * (line_x * dx + line_y * dy)
c = dx**2 + dy**2 - radius**2
t0, t1 = quadratic_formula(a, b, c)
return [
(
x0 + line_x * t0,
y0 + line_y * t0,
),
(
x0 + line_x * t1,
y0 + line_y * t1,
),
]
def intersect_circle_line(center, radius, line_start, line_end):
"""
Find the intersection of a circle with a line.
"""
radius = abs(radius)
# First check whether the line is too far away, or if we have a
# single point of contact.
# Reference:
# http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Point-LineDistance2-Dimensional.html
r = vec.vfrom(center, line_start)
v = vec.perp(vec.vfrom(line_start, line_end))
d = vec.proj(r, v)
dist = vec.mag(d)
if float_equal(dist, radius):
# Single intersection point, because the circle and line are tangent.
point = vec.add(center, d)
return [point]
elif dist > radius:
return []
# Set up parametric equations for the line and the circle, and solve them.
# Reference:
# http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/Dave/CM0268/PDF/circle_line_intersect_proof.pdf
xc, yc = center
x0, y0 = line_start
x1, y1 = line_end
line_x, line_y = (x1 - x0), (y1 - y0) # f, g
dx, dy = (x0 - xc), (y0 - yc)
a = line_x**2 + line_y**2
b = 2 * (line_x * dx + line_y * dy)
c = dx**2 + dy**2 - radius**2
t0, t1 = quadratic_formula(a, b, c)
return [
(
x0 + line_x * t0,
y0 + line_y * t0,
),
(
x0 + line_x * t1,
y0 + line_y * t1,
),
]
def calc_rudder_force(self):
# We continuously bring the direction of the player's movement to be
# closer in line with the direction it is facing.
target_velocity = vec.norm(self.direction, self.speed)
force = vec.vfrom(self.velocity, target_velocity)
if force == (0, 0):
return (0, 0)
# The strength of the rudder is highest when acting perpendicular to
# the direction of movement.
v_perp = vec.norm(vec.perp(self.velocity))
angle_multiplier = abs(vec.dot(v_perp, self.direction))
strength = self.speed * c.player_rudder_strength
strength = min(strength, c.player_max_rudder_strength)
strength *= angle_multiplier
if strength == 0:
return (0, 0)
force = vec.norm(force, strength)
return force
def calc_rudder_force(self):
# We continuously bring the direction of the player's movement to be
# closer in line with the direction it is facing.
target_velocity = vec.norm(self.direction, self.speed)
force = vec.vfrom(self.velocity, target_velocity)
if force == (0, 0):
return (0, 0)
# The strength of the rudder is highest when acting perpendicular to
# the direction of movement.
v_perp = vec.norm(vec.perp(self.velocity))
angle_multiplier = abs(vec.dot(v_perp, self.direction))
strength = self.speed * c.player_rudder_strength
strength = min(strength, c.player_max_rudder_strength)
strength *= angle_multiplier
if strength == 0:
return (0, 0)
force = vec.norm(force, strength)
return force
def partition(points, l1, l2, s=None):
"""
Partition a set of points by a line.
The line is defined by l1, l2. The desired side of the line is given by the
point s.
If s is not given, return points to the right of the line.
If eq is True, also include points on the line.
>>> sorted(partition([(-1,0), (0,0), (1,0)], (0,1), (0,-1), (2,0)))
[(0, 0), (1, 0)]
>>> sorted(partition([(-1,0), (0,0), (1,0)], (0,1), (0,-1), (-2,0)))
[(-1, 0), (0, 0)]
>>> points = [(-2,2), (-1,0), (0,0), (1,0)]
>>> sorted(partition(points, (-1,0), (0,1), (3,0)))
[(-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0)]
>>> sorted(partition(points, (-1,0), (0,1), (-3,0)))
[(-2, 2), (-1, 0)]
You can omit the argument "s" if you don't care.
>>> sorted(partition([(-1,0), (0,0), (1,0)], (0,1), (0,-1)))
[(-1, 0), (0, 0)]
"""
if s is None:
s = vec.add(l1, vec.perp(vec.vfrom(l1, l2)))
if l1 == l2:
raise ValueError('l1 equals l2')
sign = sign_of(cmp_line(l1, l2, s))
if sign == 0:
raise ValueError('s is on the line l1 l2')
for p in points:
c = cmp_line(l1, l2, p)
if c == sign:
yield p
elif c == 0:
yield p
def partition(points, l1, l2, s=None):
"""
Partition a set of points by a line.
The line is defined by l1, l2. The desired side of the line is given by the
point s.
>>> partition([(-1,0), (0,0), (1,0)], (0,1), (0,-1), (2,0))[0]
{(1, 0)}
>>> partition([(-1,0), (0,0), (1,0)], (0,1), (0,-1), (-2,0))[0]
{(-1, 0)}
>>> points = [(-2,2), (-1,0), (0,0), (1,0)]
>>> sorted(partition(points, (-1,0), (0,1), (3,0))[0])
[(0, 0), (1, 0)]
>>> sorted(partition(points, (-1,0), (0,1), (-3,0))[0])
[(-2, 2)]
You can omit the argument "s" if you don't care.
>>> partition([(-1,0), (0,0), (1,0)], (0,1), (0,-1))
({(-1, 0)}, {(1, 0)})
"""
if s is None:
s = vec.add(l1, vec.perp(vec.vfrom(l1, l2)))
if l1 == l2:
raise ValueError('l1 equals l2')
sign = cmp_line(l1, l2, s)
if sign == 0:
raise ValueError('s is on the line l1 l2')
forward = set()
reverse = set()
for p in points:
c = cmp_line(l1, l2, p)
if c == sign:
forward.add(p)
elif c == -sign:
reverse.add(p)
return forward, reverse
def intersect_circles(center1, radius1, center2, radius2):
radius1 = abs(radius1)
radius2 = abs(radius2)
if radius2 > radius1:
return intersect_circles(center2, radius2, center1, radius1)
transverse = vec.vfrom(center1, center2)
dist = vec.mag(transverse)
# Check for identical or concentric circles. These will have either
# no points in common or all points in common, and in either case, we
# return an empty list.
if points_equal(center1, center2):
return []
# Check for exterior or interior tangent.
radius_sum = radius1 + radius2
radius_difference = abs(radius1 - radius2)
if (
float_equal(dist, radius_sum) or
float_equal(dist, radius_difference)
):
return [
vec.add(
center1,
vec.norm(transverse, radius1)
),
]
# Check for non intersecting circles.
if dist > radius_sum or dist < radius_difference:
return []
# If we've reached this point, we know that the two circles intersect
# in two distinct points.
# Reference:
# http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Circle-CircleIntersection.html
# Pretend that the circles are arranged along the x-axis.
# Find the x-value of the intersection points, which is the same for both
# points. Then find the chord length "a" between the two intersection
# points, and use vector math to find the points.
dist2 = vec.mag2(transverse)
x = (dist2 - radius2**2 + radius1**2) / (2 * dist)
a = (
(1 / dist) *
sqrt(
(-dist + radius1 - radius2) *
(-dist - radius1 + radius2) *
(-dist + radius1 + radius2) *
(dist + radius1 + radius2)
)
)
chord_middle = vec.add(
center1,
vec.norm(transverse, x),
)
perp = vec.perp(transverse)
return [
vec.add(chord_middle, vec.norm(perp, a / 2)),
vec.add(chord_middle, vec.norm(perp, -a / 2)),
]
def _width_vector(self):
v = self._vector()
v = vec.perp(v)
v = vec.norm(v, self.width / 2)
return v
def _width_vector(self):
v = self._vector()
v = vec.perp(v)
v = vec.norm(v, self.width / 2)
return v
def __init__(self, p1, p2, restitution=c.restitution_wall):
self.p1 = p1
self.p2 = p2
self.restitution = restitution
self.tangent = vec.vfrom(self.p1, self.p2)
self.normal = vec.perp(self.tangent)
def __init__(self, p1, p2, restitution=c.restitution_wall):
self.p1 = p1
self.p2 = p2
self.restitution = restitution
self.tangent = vec.vfrom(self.p1, self.p2)
self.normal = vec.perp(self.tangent)