def __init__(self, x, y, z, dir=(0,-1,0), r=1, thick=.2):
self.slinky, self.m, self.dir = [], len(x), dir
for i in range(self.m):
c = (0.9, 1 - 0.8*i/self.m, 0.1) # RGB color mix
self.slinky.append(vp.helix(radius=r, coils=1, color=c,
thickness=thick))
self.move(x, y, z)
def __init__(self, center, radius, normal, I, scene, loops = 1, pitch = 1):
Shape.__init__(self, scene)
self.center = center
self.radius = radius
self.normal = normal
self.loops = loops
self.pitch = pitch
self.length = loops*pitch
self.I = I
# some consonants
self.C = mu_0*I/pi
self.oner = [[1,0,0], [0,1,0], [0,0,1]]
# rotation matrices for this coil, rotating so norm becomes z axis
self.rotate = self.find_rotmatrix(normal.norm(), vector(0, 0, 1))
self.antiRotate = inverse(self.rotate)
if loops == 1:
self.obj = ring(pos = center, axis = normal*self.length,
radius = radius, thickness = 0.1, display = scene,
material = materials.chrome)
else:
self.obj = helix(pos = center, axis = normal*self.length,
radius = radius, coils = loops, thickness = 0.1,
display = scene, material = materials.chrome)
def sResorte(self):
self.kR=self.kR.get()
self.masaR=self.masaR.get()
try:
self.kR=float(self.kR)
self.masaR=float(self.masaR)
except:
self.alerta()
gdpos=vgraph.gdisplay(x=600,y=0,xtitle='Tiempo',ytitle='Posicion')
plotpos=vgraph.gcurve(gdisplay=gdpos,color=vs.color.red)
gdvel=vgraph.gdisplay(x=600,y=600,xtitle='Velocidad',ytitle='Tiempo')
plotvel=vgraph.gcurve(gdisplay=gdvel,color=vs.color.blue)
gdacl=vgraph.gdisplay(x=0,y=900,xtitle='Aceleracion',ytitle='Tiempo')
plotacl=vgraph.gcurve(gdisplay=gdacl,color=vs.color.green)
resorte=vs.helix(pos=(0,5,0),axis=(0,0,-1),radius=0.5,color=vs.color.red)
resfera=vs.sphere(pos=(0,0,0),radius=0.7,color=vs.color.blue)
t=0
while t<=100:
resorte.axis=(0,-5+3*np.cos(np.sqrt(self.kR/self.masaR)*t),-1)
resfera.pos=(0,3*np.cos(np.sqrt(self.kR/self.masaR)*t),0)
plotpos.plot(pos=(t,3*np.cos(np.sqrt(self.kR/self.masaR)*t)))
plotvel.plot(pos=(t,-3*np.sqrt(self.kR/self.masaR)*np.sin(np.sqrt(self.kR/self.masaR)*t)))
plotacl.plot(pos=(t,-3*(self.kR/self.masaR)*np.cos(np.sqrt(self.kR/self.masaR)*t)))
t+=0.01
vs.rate(100)
def __init__(self):
"""Just create the objects."""
self.spring = vis.helix(pos=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
axis=vis.vector(1.0, 1.0, 1.0), radius=0.6, color=vis.color.yellow)
self.ball = vis.sphere(
pos=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), radius=1, make_trail = True)
self.floors=[]
for i in range(0,5):
if i%2==0:
color=vis.color.yellow
else:
color= vis.color.white
self.floors.append(vis.box(size=(5, .01, 2), pos=(5*i, 0, 0),color=color))
def makespring(natom1, natom2, radius):
""" make spring from nnth atom to iith atom"""
if natom1 > natom2:
r12 = ATOM[natom2].pos-ATOM[natom1].pos
direct = vp.norm(r12)
SPRINGS.append(vp.helix(pos=ATOM[natom1].pos+RS*direct,
axis=(L-2*RS)*direct,
radius=radius,
color=SCOLOR, thickness=0.04)) #, shininess=0.9))
SPRINGS[-1].atom1 = ATOM[natom1]
SPRINGS[-1].atom2 = ATOM[natom2]
angle = SPRINGS[-1].axis.diff_angle(vp.vector(0, 1, 0))
# avoid pathologies if too near the y axis (default "up")
if angle < 0.1 or angle > PI-0.1:
SPRINGS[-1].up = vp.vector(-1, 0, 0)
def __init__(self, center, radius, normal, I, scene, loops=1, pitch=1):
Shape.__init__(self, scene)
self.center = center
self.radius = radius
self.normal = normal
self.loops = loops
self.pitch = pitch
self.length = loops * pitch
self.I = I
# some consonants
self.C = mu_0 * I / pi
self.oner = [[1, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]]
# rotation matrices for this coil, rotating so norm becomes z axis
self.rotate = self.find_rotmatrix(normal.norm(), vector(0, 0, 1))
self.antiRotate = inverse(self.rotate)
if loops == 1:
self.obj = ring(pos=center,
axis=normal * self.length,
radius=radius,
thickness=0.1,
display=scene,
material=materials.chrome)
else:
self.obj = helix(pos=center,
axis=normal * self.length,
radius=radius,
coils=loops,
thickness=0.1,
display=scene,
material=materials.chrome)
def getapiu():
"""Returns an APIU box at (0,0,0), with sun shields, cable suppports, lid, cable bundles.
Returned value is a tuple of (apiu, olist) where apiu is the frame containing the APIU, and
olist is the list of component objects
"""
apiu = visual.frame()
# Main APIU box object
box = visual.box(frame=apiu,
pos=V(0, 0, 0.800 / 2 + 0.12),
length=0.800,
height=1.050,
width=0.800,
color=color.white)
# Pyramid shaped lid on box
hat = visual.pyramid(frame=apiu,
pos=V(0, 0, 0.800 + 0.12),
size=V(0.06, 1.050, 0.800),
axis=V(0, 0, 1),
color=color.white)
# These objects define the I beams that the box is resting on
rv1 = visual.box(frame=apiu,
pos=V(-0.3, 0, 0.055),
length=0.01,
height=1.250,
width=0.10,
color=color.white)
rt1 = visual.box(frame=apiu,
pos=V(-0.3, 0, 0.115),
length=0.10,
height=1.250,
width=0.01,
color=color.white)
rb1 = visual.box(frame=apiu,
pos=V(-0.3, 0, 0.005),
length=0.10,
height=1.250,
width=0.01,
color=color.white)
rv2 = visual.box(frame=apiu,
pos=V(0.3, 0, 0.055),
length=0.01,
height=1.250,
width=0.10,
color=color.white)
rt2 = visual.box(frame=apiu,
pos=V(0.3, 0, 0.115),
length=0.10,
height=1.250,
width=0.01,
color=color.white)
rb2 = visual.box(frame=apiu,
pos=V(0.3, 0, 0.005),
length=0.10,
height=1.250,
width=0.01,
color=color.white)
# These objects define the sun-shield plates with an air-gap around the sides of the box
sss = visual.box(frame=apiu,
pos=V(0, -1.050 / 2 - 0.030, 0.800 / 2 + 0.12),
length=0.800,
height=0.003,
width=0.800,
color=color.white)
ssn = visual.box(frame=apiu,
pos=V(0, 1.050 / 2 + 0.030, 0.800 / 2 + 0.12),
length=0.800,
height=0.003,
width=0.800,
color=color.white)
sse = visual.box(frame=apiu,
pos=V(-0.800 / 2 - 0.030, 0, 0.600 / 2 + 0.12),
length=0.003,
height=1.050,
width=0.600,
color=color.white)
ssw = visual.box(frame=apiu,
pos=V(0.800 / 2 + 0.030, 0, 0.600 / 2 + 0.12),
length=0.003,
height=1.050,
width=0.600,
color=color.white)
# Add all the above to the component object list:
olist = [box, hat, rv1, rt1, rb1, rv2, rt2, rb2, sss, ssn, sse, ssw]
# Create four fibre cable bundles exiting the East side of the APIU
cbylist = [-0.2775, -0.1255, 0.1255, 0.2775]
cblist = []
for cy in cbylist:
# Bridle support for fibre bundle, with helical cable support
cblist.append(
visual.cylinder(frame=apiu,
pos=V(-0.800 / 2, cy, 0.700 + 0.120),
axis=(-0.100, 0, 0),
radius=0.01))
cblist.append(
visual.helix(frame=apiu,
pos=V(-0.800 / 2 - 0.150, cy, 0.700 + 0.120 - 0.05),
axis=(0.05, 0, 0),
radius=0.050,
thickness=0.01,
coils=1,
up=(0, 1, 0),
color=color.white))
# Cable bundle itself
cb, tlist = getbundle(bframe=apiu,
spos=V(-0.800 / 2, cy, 0.700 + 0.120 - 0.05))
cblist += tlist
cb.rotate(angle=visual.pi,
axis=(0, 0, 1),
origin=V(-0.800 / 2, cy,
0.700 + 0.120 - 0.05)) # Rotate bundle to face East
# Create four fibre cable bundles exiting the West side of the APIU
for cy in cbylist:
# Bridle support for fibre bundle, with helical cable support
cblist.append(
visual.cylinder(frame=apiu,
pos=V(0.800 / 2, cy, 0.700 + 0.120),
axis=(0.100, 0, 0),
radius=0.01))
cblist.append(
visual.helix(frame=apiu,
pos=V(0.800 / 2 + 0.10, cy, 0.700 + 0.120 - 0.05),
axis=(0.05, 0, 0),
radius=0.050,
thickness=0.01,
coils=1,
up=(0, 1, 0),
color=color.white))
# Cable bundle itself
cb, tlist = getbundle(bframe=apiu,
spos=V(0.800 / 2, cy, 0.700 + 0.120 - 0.05))
cblist += tlist
olist += cblist
return apiu, olist
#
# Program 6.1: Simple harmonic oscillator (sho.py)
# J Wang, Computational modeling and visualization with Python
#
import visual as vp
ball = vp.sphere(pos=(-2,-2,0), radius=1, color=vp.color.green) # ball
wall = vp.box(pos=(-4,-2,0), length=.2, height=4, width=4) # wall
floor = vp.box(pos=(0,-3.1,0), length=8, height=0.2, width=4) # floor
spring = vp.helix(pos=wall.pos, thickness=0.1, radius=0.5) # spring
h, v = 0.1, 0.0 # step size, initial velocity
while True:
vp.rate(50)
ball.pos.x = ball.pos.x + v*h
v = v - ball.pos.x*h # Euler-Cromer method
spring.length = ball.pos.x + 3 # stretch spring (offset by 3)
#
# Program 6.5: Triatomic vibrations (triatom.py)
# J Wang, Computational modeling and visualization with Python
#
import visual as vp, numpy as np
def accel(u):
return -k*np.array([u[0]-u[1], 2*u[1]-u[0]-u[2], u[2]-u[1]])/m
col = [(1,0,0), (0,1,0), (0,0,1)] # RGB colors
x0, atom, r = np.array([-3., 0., 3.]), [0]*3, 1.0
for i in range(3):
atom[i] = vp.sphere(pos=(x0[i],0,0), radius=r, color=col[i]) # atoms
floor = vp.box(pos=(0,-1.1,0), length=8, height=0.2, width=4) # floor
s1 = vp.helix(pos=(x0[0],0,0), thickness=0.1, radius=0.5) # spring
s2 = vp.helix(pos=(x0[1],0,0), thickness=0.1, radius=0.5)
h, k, m = 0.1, 1.0, np.array([1./4, 2./5, 1./4])
u, v = np.array([-1.,0.,1.]), np.zeros(3) # symmetric init cond
while True:
vp.rate(50)
u = u + v*h # Euler-Cromer method
v = v + accel(u)*h
x = x0 + u
for i in range(3): # animation
atom[i].pos = (x[i],0,0)
s1.axis, s1.pos, s1.length= (1,0,0), x[0]+r, x[1]-x[0]-2*r # move
s2.axis, s2.pos, s2.length= (1,0,0), x[1]+r, x[2]-x[1]-2*r