def get_kernel_version(kernel_el, machine): (elf, _, _) = get_kernel_file(kernel_el, machine) (addr, size) = get_symbol(elf, "kernel_api_version") kern_ver = elf.get_value(addr, size, elf.endianess) if kern_ver == None: raise MergeError("Unable to locate kernel api symbol") return kern_ver
def link_kernel(kernel_el, linker_script, linker_wrapper, kernel, soc, libraries): link_type = get_linker_type(linker_script) kernel_tmp = None if link_type == 'rvct': # Current elfweaver linker does not support RVCT so shell out to an # external linker kernel_tmp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile() # Remove the file at exit. atexit.register(os.remove, kernel_tmp.name) command = [ os.path.abspath(linker_wrapper), kernel, kernel_tmp.name, linker_script, soc ] + libraries ret = subprocess.Popen(command, cwd=os.path.dirname(linker_script)).wait() if ret != 0: raise MergeError("Failed to link kernel, return code %d" % ret) elf = UnpreparedElfFile(kernel_tmp.name) kernel_out_name = kernel_tmp.name else: elf = link([kernel, soc]) # Just getting a random temp file name, there must be a nicer way # to do this? tmp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile() # Remove the file at exit. atexit.register(os.remove, tmp.name) kernel_out_name = tmp.name tmp.close() kernel_out = elf.prepare(elf.wordsize, elf.endianess) kernel_out.to_filename(kernel_out_name) elf = UnpreparedElfFile(kernel_out_name) # Kernel is linked, now add the segment names (as per old elfadorn) # Kernel elements seg_names overwrites defaults if hasattr(kernel_el, "seg_names"): seglist = [seg.strip() for seg in kernel_el.seg_names.split(",")] else: seglist = None link_type = get_linker_type(linker_script) if link_type == "rvct": scripts = [linker_script] else: scripts = [] add_segment_names(elf, get_segment_names(elf, seglist, scripts, link_type)) return elf, kernel_out_name, kernel_tmp
def get_kernel_file(kernel_el, machine): def relative(file): """Return a path taking relativity to XML include directories into account""" return os.path.join(kernel_el._path, file) if has_kernel_attr(kernel_el, KERNEL_PRELINK_TAGS): elf = UnpreparedElfFile(filename = relative(kernel_el.file)) return (elf, kernel_el.file, None) elif has_kernel_attr(kernel_el, KERNEL_SDKLINK_TAGS): kernel_dir = os.path.join(relative(kernel_el.sdk), "kernel", machine.get_cpu()) object_dir = os.path.join(kernel_dir, kernel_el.configuration, "object") lib_dir = os.path.join(kernel_dir, kernel_el.configuration, "libs") linker_script = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(object_dir, "linker.lds")) linker_wrapper = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(object_dir, "linker.sh")) kernel = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(object_dir, machine.get_cpu() + ".o")) soc = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(object_dir, kernel_el.platform + ".o")) libs = [os.path.abspath(lib) for lib in glob.glob(os.path.join(lib_dir, "*.a"))] return link_kernel(kernel_el, linker_script, linker_wrapper, kernel, soc, libs) elif has_kernel_attr(kernel_el, KERNEL_LINK_TAGS): libs = [relative(lib.strip()) for lib in kernel_el.libs.split(",")] return link_kernel(kernel_el, relative(kernel_el.linker_script), relative(kernel_el.linker_wrapper), relative(kernel_el.kernel), relative(kernel_el.soc), libs) raise MergeError("Invalid kernel tags; a prelinked kernel, SDK information or linking information must be provided")
def machine_init(self, machine): self.cpu = machine.cpu if self.cpu not in self.arch_lookup: raise MergeError("Cpu %s not supported by nano kernel" % self.cpu) machine.set_kernel_heap_proximity( self.heap_proximity_map[self.arch_lookup[self.cpu]])
def get_linker_type(linker_script): buffer = open(linker_script, "r").read() if "NOCOMPRESS" in buffer: return "rvct" elif "SECTIONS" in buffer: return "gnu" else: raise MergeError("Unkown linker.lds type")
def has_kernel_attr(kernel_el, test_tags): for tag in test_tags: if not hasattr(kernel_el, tag): break else: for tag in KERNEL_TAGS.difference(test_tags): if hasattr(kernel_el, tag): raise MergeError("Found unexpected kernel tag %s when %s has already been specificed" % (tag, test_tags)) return True return False
def layout_cells_post(self, image): # This must be called after image.layout() and before the cell # init scripts are written out. # # Do any required layout here self.kernel.layout_cells_post(self, image) if self.machine.arch_max_spaces != 0 and \ self.total_spaces > self.machine.arch_max_spaces: raise MergeError("Tried to allocate %d spaces, kernel only allows %d." % (self.total_spaces, self.machine.arch_max_spaces))
def check_api_versions(kernel): """ Return the kernel API version number. """ kern_ver = get_symbol(kernel, "kernel_api_version", True) if kern_ver: addr = kern_ver[0] size = kern_ver[1] else: return None kern_ver = kernel.get_value(addr, size, kernel.endianess) # Check that both the kernel and soc api versions match if kern_ver == MICRO_KERNEL_API_VERSION: (addr, size) = get_symbol(kernel, "soc_api_version") soc_ver = kernel.get_value(addr, size, kernel.endianess) if soc_ver == None: raise MergeError("Unable to locate soc api symbol") if kern_ver != soc_ver: raise MergeError( "Kernel api version %d doesn't match soc api version %d" % (kern_ver, soc_ver)) return kern_ver
def register_thread(self, entry, user_start, utcb, priority, create = True): assert self.create or not create if self.max_priority is not None and \ priority > self.max_priority: raise MergeError("Tried to create thread with priority %s," \ " but space (%s) max priority is %s." % (priority, self.ns_node.abs_name(), self.max_priority)) thread = self.Thread(entry, user_start, utcb, priority, create) self.threads.append(thread) return thread
def collect_xml(self, iguana_el, ignore_name, namespace, machine, pools, kernel, image): """Handle an Iguana Server Compound Object""" cell = \ kernel.register_cell(iguana_el.name, iguana_el.kernel_heap, max_caps = getattr(iguana_el, "caps", None)) # New namespace for objects living in the root program's PD. ig_namespace = namespace.add_namespace(iguana_el.name) self.namespace = ig_namespace self.s_namespace = self.namespace self.name = iguana_el.name self.space = \ cell.register_space(self.namespace, "MAIN", is_privileged = True, max_clists = getattr(iguana_el, "clists", None), max_spaces = getattr(iguana_el, "spaces", None), max_mutexes = getattr(iguana_el, "mutexes", None), max_threads = getattr(iguana_el, "threads", None), plat_control = \ getattr(iguana_el, "platform_control", False)) self.setup_bootinfo_pools(namespace, pools) self.setup_device_namespace(namespace, machine) self.env = CellEnvironment(iguana_el.name, self.namespace, machine, image, kernel, self.space.mappings) cell.env = self.env pd = weaver.cells.iguana.bootinfo.RootServerPD(iguana_el.name, ig_namespace) # Declare the default memory pools. def_virtpool = getattr(iguana_el, "virtpool", pools.get_default_virtual_pool()) def_physpool = getattr(iguana_el, "physpool", pools.get_default_physical_pool()) def_pager = getattr(iguana_el, "pager", None) def_direct = getattr(iguana_el, "direct", None) # Record any IRQs that are assigned to Iguana for irq_el in iguana_el.find_children("irq"): self.space.register_irq(irq_el.value) self.bootinfo.set_system_default_attrs(def_virtpool, def_physpool, image, def_pager, def_direct) # Iguana is not aware of segment ids. # The old mapping API uses segment 0 for all mapping ops. # Segment 0 needs to cover all of physical memory. # Subsequent segments will be created but never used, # but must still be mapped! # XXX: VVVVV THIS IS PURE EVIL VVVVV physpool_attrs = \ image.new_attrs(self.s_namespace.add_namespace("physpool_hack")) physpool_attrs.phys_addr = 0 #first_phys_base physpool_attrs.size = 0xfffff000 #first_phys_end physpool_attrs.attach = PF_R | PF_W | PF_X physpool_attrs.cache_policy = 0xff # XXX: Define me properly physpool_attrs.mem_type = physpool_attrs.unmapped self.space.register_mapping(physpool_attrs) # XXX: ^^^^^ THIS IS PURE EVIL ^^^^^ filename = os.path.join(iguana_el._path, iguana_el.file) elf = UnpreparedElfFile(filename=filename) pd.set_default_pools(image, self.bootinfo) # Collect the object environment pd.add_env_ms(image, ig_namespace, machine, pools) env, extra_ms = \ collect_environment_element(iguana_el.find_child('environment'), ig_namespace, machine, pools, image, self.bootinfo) segment_els = iguana_el.find_children("segment") segs = collect_elf_segments(elf, image.ROOT_PROGRAM, segment_els, filename, [], ig_namespace, image, machine, pools) self.elf_prog_segments = segs for seg in segs: self.space.register_mapping(seg.attrs) if elf.elf_type != ET_EXEC: raise MergeError, "All the merged ELF files must be of EXEC type." # Find out which version of libokl4 that iguana was built # against sym = elf.find_symbol("okl4_api_version") if sym == None: raise MergeError("Unable to locate the symbol 'okl4_api_version' " "in file \"%s\". Cells must link with libokl4." % filename) self.api_version = elf.get_value(sym.value, sym.size, elf.endianess) if self.api_version == None: raise MergeError("Unable to read the symbol 'okl4_api_version' in " "file \"%s\". Cells must link with libokl4." % filename) # Record any patches being made to the program. patch_els = iguana_el.find_children("patch") for patch in getattr(Iguana_el, "extra_patches", []): addr = get_symbol(elf, patch[0], True) if addr == None: continue addr = int(addr[0])+ int(patch[1]) new_patch = Patch_el(address=hex(addr), bytes=patch[2], value=patch[3]) patch_els.append(new_patch) collect_patches(elf, patch_els, filename, image) for extension_el in iguana_el.find_children("extension"): if not ignore_name.match(extension_el.name): collect_extension_element(extension_el, pd, ig_namespace, elf, image, machine, self.bootinfo, pools) # Collect the main thread. The root program can only have one # thread, so this call chiefly is used to collect information # about the stack. # # The stack is not set up as a memsection, so it is not put in the # object environment. if not hasattr(iguana_el, 'priority'): iguana_el.priority = 255 thread = collect_thread(elf, iguana_el, ignore_name, ig_namespace, image, machine, pools, self.space, entry = elf.entry_point, name = 'iguana', namespace_thread_name = "main", cell_create_thread = True) pd.add_thread(thread) # Collect the heap. Is there no element, create a fake one for # the collection code to use. # # The heap is not set up as a memsection, so it is not put in the # object environment. heap_el = iguana_el.find_child('heap') if heap_el is None: heap_el = ParsedElement('heap') heap_ms = collect_memsection_element(heap_el, ignore_name, ig_namespace, image, machine, pools) pd.attach_heap(heap_ms) self.space.register_mapping(heap_ms.ms.attrs) self.space.register_mapping(thread.get_stack().get_ms().attrs) self.elf_segments.extend([pd.env_ms.get_ms(), thread.get_stack().get_ms(), heap_ms.get_ms()] + [ms.get_ms() for ms in extra_ms]) pd.add_environment(env) pd.utcb_size = image.utcb_size self.bootinfo.add_rootserver_pd(pd) # And now parse the programs and pd's collect_program_pd_elements(iguana_el, ignore_name, ig_namespace, image, machine, self.bootinfo, pools, kernel, cell)
def collect_xml(self, kernel_el, kernel_heap_size, namespace, image, machine, pools): """Collect the attributes of the kernel element.""" (elf, kernel_file, kernel_tmp) = get_kernel_file(kernel_el, machine) if elf.elf_type != ET_EXEC: raise MergeError, \ "All the merged ELF files must be of EXEC type." # New namespace for objects living in the kernel. kernel_namespace = namespace.add_namespace('kernel') # We setup our kernel type depending on the api version number kern_ver = check_api_versions(elf) if kern_ver == NANO_KERNEL_API_VERSION: self.kernel = NanoKernel(elf, kernel_namespace, machine) else: self.kernel = MicroKernel(kernel_namespace) assert self.total_threads is None self.total_threads = self.kernel.ABSOLUTE_MAX_THREADS # Record the default pools for cells to use if they don't have # defaults set. virtpool = getattr(kernel_el, "virtpool", None) physpool = getattr(kernel_el, "physpool", None) image.set_attrs_stack(def_virt=virtpool, def_phys=physpool) pools.set_default_pools(virtpool, physpool) segment_els = kernel_el.find_children("segment") patch_els = kernel_el.find_children("patch") machine.set_cache_attributes(elf) image.set_kernel(elf) segs = collect_elf_segments(elf, image.KERNEL, segment_els, 'kernel', self.kernel.segment_drops, kernel_namespace, image, machine, pools) # Set base segment self.base_segment = self.kernel.get_base_segment(elf, segs, image) if self.base_segment.attrs.phys_addr is not None and \ (self.base_segment.attrs.phys_addr & ((1024 * 1024) - 1)) != 0: raise MergeError("Physical address of %s must be 1MB aligned!" % self.base_segment.attrs.abs_name()) elf = elf.prepare(elf.wordsize, elf.endianess) # The extra_patches attr may be added by a plugin. for patch in getattr(Kernel_el, "extra_patches", []): addr = get_symbol(elf, patch[0], True) if addr != None: addr = int(addr[0]) + int(patch[1]) new_patch = Patch_el(address=hex(addr), bytes=patch[2], value=patch[3]) patch_els.append(new_patch) collect_patches(elf, patch_els, kernel_file, image) # Collect the config elements, some of these relate to # heap and thread array, so do it first config_el = kernel_el.find_child("config") if config_el is not None: for option in config_el.find_children("option"): self.add_config(option.key, option.value) heap_attrs = image.new_attrs( namespace.root.add_namespace("kernel_heap")) heap_attrs.align = machine.kernel_heap_align heap_el = kernel_el.find_child("heap") if heap_el is not None: heap_attrs.phys_addr = getattr(heap_el, 'phys_addr', heap_attrs.phys_addr) heap_attrs.size = getattr(heap_el, 'size', heap_attrs.size) heap_attrs.align = getattr(heap_el, 'align', heap_attrs.align) # Override the size with the command line value, if present. if kernel_heap_size != 0: heap_attrs.size = kernel_heap_size # Nano needs a heap size set early on # Micro remains unassigned since it will get dynamically calculated later if not heap_attrs.size and isinstance(self.kernel, NanoKernel): heap_attrs.size = self.kernel.DEFAULT_KERNEL_HEAP_SIZE self.heap = image.set_kernel_heap(heap_attrs, machine, pools, self.base_segment.segment, isinstance(self.kernel, NanoKernel)) image.add_group(machine.kernel_heap_proximity, (self.base_segment, self.heap)) self.register_heap(heap_attrs) if isinstance(self.kernel, MicroKernel): image.utcb_size = self.kernel.get_utcb_size(elf, image) self.collect_use_devices(kernel_el, image, machine, pools) if kernel_tmp: kernel_tmp.close()
def layout_cells_pre(self): # This is called before dynamic elements of cells as we should # be able to decide the number of cells, clists and mutexes at that # time clist_id = 0 space_id = 0 mutex_id = 0 self.total_spaces = 0 self.total_clists = 0 self.total_mutexes = 0 total_threads = 0 for cell in self.cells.values(): cap_slot = 0 cell.clist_id = clist_id # Store the base id for the space, caps and mutex lists space_list_base = space_id cap_list_base = clist_id mutex_list_base = mutex_id # Init the number of used entries in the lists space_list_used = 0 cap_list_used = 0 mutex_list_used = len(cell.mutexes) cell_threads = 0 tmp_cell_max_spaces = 0 for space in cell.get_static_spaces(): space.calc_maxes() if space.is_privileged and len(cell.spaces) > space.max_spaces: space.max_spaces = len(cell.spaces) space.id = space_id space.space_id_base = space_id space_id += space.max_spaces if space.is_privileged: cell.total_spaces += 1 self.total_spaces += space.max_spaces tmp_cell_max_spaces = space.max_spaces else: cell.total_spaces += space.max_spaces space.clist_id_base = clist_id clist_id += space.max_clists self.total_clists += space.max_clists space.mutex_id_base = mutex_id mutex_id += space.max_mutexes self.total_mutexes += space.max_mutexes for thread in space.get_static_threads(): thread.cap_slot = cap_slot cap_slot += 1 cell_threads += space.max_threads assigned_mutex_id = space.mutex_id_base for mutex in space.get_static_mutexes(): mutex.id = assigned_mutex_id assigned_mutex_id += 1 for cap in space.ipc_caps: cap.clist = cell cap.cap_slot = cap_slot cap_slot += 1 for cap in space.mutex_caps: cap.clist = cell cap.cap_slot = cap_slot cap_slot += 1 space_list_used += 1 cap_list_used += cap_slot mutex_list_used += len(space.mutexes) if tmp_cell_max_spaces != 0 and \ tmp_cell_max_spaces < cell.total_spaces: raise MergeError( "Tried to allocate %s spaces, but cell max spaces is %s." % (cell.total_spaces, tmp_cell_max_spaces)) if cell.max_threads < cell_threads: cell.max_threads = cell_threads cell.space_list = (space_list_base, space_id - space_list_base, space_list_used) cell.cap_list = (cap_list_base, clist_id - cap_list_base, cap_list_used) cell.mutex_list = (mutex_list_base, mutex_id - mutex_list_base, mutex_list_used) total_threads += cell_threads if self.total_threads < total_threads: raise MergeError, \ "Total number of threads (%d) exceeds kernel maximum of %d." % \ (total_threads, self.total_threads) # Now do any kernel specific layout self.kernel.layout_cells_pre(self)
def collect_xml(self, okl4_el, ignore_name, namespace, machine, pools, kernel, image): """Handle an Iguana Server Compound Object""" self.cell = \ kernel.register_cell(okl4_el.name, okl4_el.kernel_heap, max_caps = getattr(okl4_el, "caps", None), max_priority = getattr(okl4_el, "max_priority", None)) self.name = okl4_el.name self.namespace = namespace.add_namespace(self.name) self.space = \ self.cell.register_space(self.namespace, "MAIN", is_privileged = True, max_clists = getattr(okl4_el, "clists", None), max_spaces = getattr(okl4_el, "spaces", None), max_mutexes = getattr(okl4_el, "mutexes", None), max_threads = getattr(okl4_el, "threads", None), max_priority = getattr(okl4_el, "max_priority", None), plat_control = \ getattr(okl4_el, "platform_control", False)) image.push_attrs(virtual=getattr(okl4_el, "virtpool", None), physical=getattr(okl4_el, "physpool", None), pager=make_pager_attr(getattr(okl4_el, "pager", None)), direct=getattr(okl4_el, "direct", None)) (self.def_virtpool, self.def_physpool) = image.current_pools() self.collect_mutexes(okl4_el, self.namespace, self.space) env_el = okl4_el.find_child("environment") self.env = CellEnvironment(okl4_el.name, self.namespace, machine, image, kernel, self.space.mappings) if env_el != None: self._collect_environment(env_el, self.env) # Set these up now even though we can't actually assign values # till later self.phys_attrs = image.new_attrs( self.namespace.add_namespace("default_physpool")) self.phys_attrs.attach = PF_R | PF_W | PF_X self.phys_attrs.mem_type = self.phys_attrs.unmapped mapping = self.space.register_mapping(self.phys_attrs) self.env.add_physmem_segpool_entry("MAIN_PHYSMEM_SEGPOOL", mapping) self.virt_attrs = image.new_attrs( self.namespace.add_namespace("default_virtpool")) self.env.add_virtmem_pool_entry("MAIN_VIRTMEM_POOL", self.virt_attrs) self.space.utcb = image.new_attrs( self.namespace.add_namespace("main_utcb_area")) self.space.utcb.attach = PF_R filename = os.path.join(okl4_el._path, okl4_el.file) self.elf = UnpreparedElfFile(filename=filename) if self.elf.elf_type != ET_EXEC: raise MergeError("All the merged ELF files must be of EXEC type.") # Find out which version of libokl4 that the cell was built # against sym = self.elf.find_symbol("okl4_api_version") if sym == None: raise MergeError( "Unable to locate the symbol 'okl4_api_version' in file \"%s\". Cells must link with libokl4." % filename) self.api_version = self.elf.get_value(sym.value, sym.size, self.elf.endianess) if self.api_version == None: raise MergeError( "Unable to read the symbol 'okl4_api_version' in file \"%s\". Cells must link with libokl4." % filename) self.env.add_elf_info_entry(os.path.basename(okl4_el.file), image.PROGRAM, self.elf.entry_point) segment_els = okl4_el.find_children("segment") segs = collect_elf_segments(self.elf, image.PROGRAM, segment_els, filename, [], self.namespace, image, machine, pools) self.elf_prog_segments = segs for seg in segs: self.env.add_elf_segment_entry( okl4_el.name + '.' + seg.attrs.ns_node.name, seg.segment) seg_ns = seg.attrs.ns_node mapping = self.space.register_mapping(seg.attrs) self.add_standard_mem_caps(seg_ns, mapping, seg.attrs) patch_els = okl4_el.find_children("patch") collect_patches(self.elf, patch_els, filename, image) # Record any IRQs that are assigned to the initial program. for irq_el in okl4_el.find_children("irq"): self.space.register_irq(irq_el.value) self.env.add_device_irq_list("NO_DEVICE", [irq_el.value for irq_el \ in okl4_el.find_children("irq")]) # Collect the implicit thread if not hasattr(okl4_el, 'priority'): okl4_el.priority = kernel.kernel.MAX_PRIORITY threads = [] threads.append( self.collect_thread(self.elf, okl4_el, self.namespace, image, machine, pools, kernel, self.space, self.elf.entry_point, "main", True)) # FIXME: Need to check up on actual entry point's for thread_el in okl4_el.find_children("thread"): threads.append( self.collect_thread(self.elf, thread_el, self.namespace, image, machine, pools, kernel, self.space, "thread_start", cell_create_thread=True)) device_mem = \ self.collect_use_devices(okl4_el, self.space, self.namespace, image, machine, pools) memsection_objs = \ self.collect_memsections(okl4_el, self.space, self.namespace, image, machine, pools) # Collect all data for any extra spaces defined in the XML for space_el in okl4_el.find_children("space"): space_ns = self.namespace.add_namespace(space_el.name) space = self.cell.register_space(space_ns, space_el.name, max_priority = getattr(space_el, "max_priority", \ getattr(okl4_el, "max_priority", None))) image.push_attrs(virtual=getattr(space_el, "virtpool", None), physical=getattr(space_el, "physpool", None), pager=make_pager_attr( getattr(space_el, "pager", None)), direct=getattr(space_el, "direct", None)) for thread_el in space_el.find_children("thread"): threads.append( self.collect_thread(self.elf, thread_el, space_ns, image, machine, pools, kernel, space, "thread_start", cell_create_thread=True)) self.collect_mutexes(space_el, space_ns, space) device_mem.extend( self.collect_use_devices(space_el, space, space_ns, image, machine, pools)) memsection_objs.extend( self.collect_memsections(space_el, space, space_ns, image, machine, pools)) self.env.add_kspace_entry(space_el.name + "_KSPACE", space) space.utcb = image.new_attrs( space_ns.add_namespace(space_el.name + "_utcb_area")) space.utcb.attach = PF_R # Weave a kclist for the main space. main_kclist = self.env.add_kclist_entry("MAIN_KCLIST", self.cell) # Weave the root kspace object. main_kspace = self.env.add_kspace_entry("MAIN_KSPACE", self.space) # Weave the root protection domain object. self.env.add_pd_entry("MAIN_PD", self.space, main_kspace, 32, machine.min_page_size(), self.elf) # Find heap and add it heap_el = okl4_el.find_child('heap') if heap_el is None: heap_el = ParsedElement('heap') heap_attr = collect_memobj_attrs(heap_el, self.namespace, image, machine) if heap_attr.size == None: heap_attr.size = DEFAULT_HEAP_SIZE self.heap_ms = image.add_memsection(heap_attr, machine, pools) self.cell.heap = self.heap_ms.attrs mapping = self.space.register_mapping(self.heap_ms.attrs) self.add_standard_mem_caps(heap_attr.ns_node, mapping, heap_attr) self.elf_segments = \ [thread.get_stack_ms() for thread in threads] + \ [self.heap_ms] + memsection_objs + device_mem self.env.add_kernel_info_entry(0, 0, kernel) # Add command line arguments commandline_el = okl4_el.find_child("commandline") if commandline_el is not None: args = [ arg_el.value for arg_el in commandline_el.find_children("arg") ] else: args = [] self.env.add_arg_list(args) self.cell.env = self.env