def __initialiseDigitPanel(self,
base,
row=__DIGIT_ROW,
col=__DIGIT_COL,
digitsPerRow=__DIGITS_PER_ROW):
appendee = self.__iopanel
self.__base = base
self.__positioner = GridPositioner(row=row,
col=col,
columns=digitsPerRow)
for digit in [digit for digit in range(1, base)] + [0]:
button = Digit(master=self, digit=digit, appendee=appendee)
self.__positioner.add(button)
# Adds a button for the clear function.
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__CLEAR_TITLE,
command=self.__onClearButtonClick)
# Adds a button for the push function.
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__PUSH_TITLE,
command=self.__onPushButtonClick)
# Adds a button for the addition function.
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__ADD_TITLE,
command=self.__onAddButtonClick)
# Adds a button for the subtraction function.
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__SUB_TITLE,
command=self.__onSubButtonClick)
# Adds a button for the multiplication function.
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__MUL_TITLE,
command=self.__onMulButtonClick)
# Adds a button for the division function.
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__DIV_TITLE,
command=self.__onDivButtonClick)
# Adds a button for the unary minus function.
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__UMIN_TITLE,
command=self.__onUMinButtonClick)
def __initialiseDigitPanel(self,
base,
row=__DIGIT_ROW,
col=__DIGIT_COL,
digitsPerRow=__DIGITS_PER_ROW):
appendee = self.__iopanel
self.__base = base
self.__positioner = GridPositioner(row=row,
col=col,
columns=digitsPerRow)
for digit in [digit for digit in range(1, base)] + [0]:
button = Digit(master=self, digit=digit, appendee=appendee)
self.__positioner.add(button)
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__CLEAR_TITLE,
command=self.__onClearButtonClick)
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__PUSH_TITLE,
command=self.__onPushButtonClick)
def __initialiseDigitPanel( self,
base,
row=__DIGIT_ROW,
col=__DIGIT_COL,
digitsPerRow=__DIGITS_PER_ROW ) :
appendee = self.__iopanel
self.__base = base
self.__positioner = GridPositioner( row=row, col=col,
columns=digitsPerRow )
for digit in [ digit for digit in range( 1, base ) ] + [ 0 ] :
button = Digit( master=self, digit=digit, appendee=appendee )
self.__positioner.add( button )
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton( text=Calculator.__CLEAR_TITLE,
command=self.__onClearButtonClick )
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton( text=Calculator.__PUSH_TITLE,
command=self.__onPushButtonClick )
class Calculator(Tk):
# Width of @IOPanel@ in pixels.
__IO_PANEL_WIDTH = 200
# Height of @IOPanel@ in pixels.
__IO_PANEL_HEIGHT = 50
# Row number of @IOPanel@ in grid layout of the calculator.
__IO_PANEL_ROW = 0
# Column number of @IOPanel@ in grid layout of the calculator.
__IO_PANEL_COL = 0
# Span of @IOPanel@ in widgets in the grid layout of the calculator.
__IO_PANEL_SPAN = 3
# The number base of the calculator.
__BASE = 10
# The title of this calculator's window.
__TITLE = "Calculator"
# Row number of the first digit row in grid layout of the calculator.
__DIGIT_ROW = 1
# Column number of the first digit row in grid layout of the calculator.
__DIGIT_COL = 0
# Number of digit buttons per row in grid layout of the calculator.
__DIGITS_PER_ROW = 3
# Text on the clear button.
__CLEAR_TITLE = "C"
# Text on the push button.
__PUSH_TITLE = "P"
# Main constructor.
# @parent@: The master widget of this @Calculator@ or @None@
# @base@: The number base for this @Calculator@.
def __init__(self, master, title=__TITLE, base=__BASE):
# Initialise main calculator window.
Tk.__init__(self, master)
# Set title.
self.title(title)
# Save @master@. Not used...
self.__master = master
# Finish rest of initialisation.
self.__initialise(base=base)
# YOU SHOULD REMOVE THIS. IT'S FOR DEMONSTRATING THE API.
self.__iopanel.set("HI")
# Utility method for initialising this @Calculator@'s components.
# @base@: the number base of this @Calculator@'s operations.
def __initialise(self, base):
# Initialise the IO panel component.
self.__initialiseIOPanel()
# Initialise the digit panel component.
self.__initialiseDigitPanel(base=base)
# Initialise the digit panel widget of this @Calculator@.
# @base@: the number base of this @Calculator@'s operations.
# @row@: row number in grid layout of this @Calculator@.
# @col@: column number in grid layout of this @Calculator@.
# @digitsPerRow@: digits per row in grid layout of this @Calculator@.
def __initialiseDigitPanel(self,
base,
row=__DIGIT_ROW,
col=__DIGIT_COL,
digitsPerRow=__DIGITS_PER_ROW):
appendee = self.__iopanel
self.__base = base
self.__positioner = GridPositioner(row=row,
col=col,
columns=digitsPerRow)
for digit in [digit for digit in range(1, base)] + [0]:
button = Digit(master=self, digit=digit, appendee=appendee)
self.__positioner.add(button)
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__CLEAR_TITLE,
command=self.__onClearButtonClick)
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__PUSH_TITLE,
command=self.__onPushButtonClick)
# Utility method for adding additional button to the digit panel.
# @text@: the text on the button.
# @command@: the button's callback method.
def __addSpecialDigitPanelButton(self, text, command):
button = Button(master=self, text=text, command=command)
self.__positioner.add(button)
# Initialise the IO panel widget of this @Calculator@.
def __initialiseIOPanel(self):
width = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_WIDTH
height = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_HEIGHT
# create the IO panel.
iopanel = IOPanel(master=self, width=width, height=height)
row = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_ROW
col = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_COL
span = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_SPAN
# Add the IO panel to the current crid layout.
iopanel.grid(row=row, column=col, columnspan=span)
# Save object reference to the IO panel for future use.
self.__iopanel = iopanel
# Callback method for push button
def __onPushButtonClick(self):
# REMOVE THE NEXT STATEMENT. IT'S ONLY HERE TO SHOW YOU
# HOW TO GET THE TEXT IN THE INPUT FIELD.
print(self.__iopanel.get())
self.__iopanel.reset()
# Callback method for clear button
def __onClearButtonClick(self):
self.__iopanel.reset()
class Calculator( Tk ) :
# Width of @IOPanel@ in pixels.
__IO_PANEL_WIDTH = 200
# Height of @IOPanel@ in pixels.
__IO_PANEL_HEIGHT = 50
# Row number of @IOPanel@ in grid layout of the calculator.
__IO_PANEL_ROW = 0
# Column number of @IOPanel@ in grid layout of the calculator.
__IO_PANEL_COL = 0
# Span of @IOPanel@ in widgets in the grid layout of the calculator.
__IO_PANEL_SPAN = 3
# The default base of the calculator.
__BASE = 10
# The title of this calculator's window.
__TITLE = "Calculator"
#The title of the Base selection menu
__BASE_MENU_TITLE = 'Base'
#The title of the Help menu
__HELP_MENU_TITLE = 'Help'
#The title of the Options Menu
__OPTIONS_MENU_TITLE = "Options"
# Row number of the first digit row in grid layout of the calculator.
__DIGIT_ROW = 1
# Column number of the first digit row in grid layout of the calculator.
__DIGIT_COL = 0
# Number of digit buttons per row in grid layout of the calculator.
__DIGITS_PER_ROW = 3
# Text on the clear button.
__CLEAR_TITLE = "C"
# Text on the push button.
__PUSH_TITLE = "P"
#The operator for Clear Everything button
__CLEAR_EVERYTHING_TITLE = 'CE'
#Sticky for the stack panel
__STACK_STICKY = 'NS'
#String for recognising errors from operations
__ERROR_TAG = 'Error'
# Main constructor.
# @parent@: The master widget of this @Calculator@ or @None@
# @base@: The number base for this @Calculator@.
def __init__( self, master, title=__TITLE, base=__BASE) :
self.__base = base
#INITIALIZE THE STACK
self.__stack = Stack()
#Initialise the Operation class
self.__operation = Operation(self.__stack)
# Initialise main calculator window.
Tk.__init__( self, master )
# Set title.
self.title( title )
#Set not resizable
self.resizable(0,0)
# Save @master@. Not used...
self.__master = master
# Finish rest of initialisation.
self.__initialise( base=base)
# Utility method for initialising this @Calculator@'s components.
# @base@: the number base of this @Calculator@'s operations.
def __initialise( self, base,clearOption=CLEAR_STACK_DEFAULT,
displayOption=DISPLAY_STACK_DEFAULT) :
self.__clearStack = clearOption
self.__displayStack = displayOption
# Initialise the IO panel component.
self.__initialiseIOPanel( )
# Initialise the digit panel component.
self.__initialiseDigitPanel( base=base)
#Initialise the operand panel component
self.__initialiseOperandPanel()
#Initialise the menu bar
self.__initialiseMenu()
#Add the Base Change dropdown
self.__initialiseBaseMenu(base)
#Add the Options dropdown
self.__initialiseOptionsMenu()
#Add the Help dropdown
self.__initialiseHelpMenu()
#Initialise the stack display panel, if the option is selected
if self.__displayStack:
self.__initialiseStackPanel()
# Initialise the digit panel widget of this @Calculator@.
# @base@: the number base of this @Calculator@'s operations.
# @row@: row number in grid layout of this @Calculator@.
# @col@: column number in grid layout of this @Calculator@.
# @digitsPerRow@: digits per row in grid layout of this @Calculator@.
def __initialiseDigitPanel( self,
base,
row=__DIGIT_ROW,
col=__DIGIT_COL,
digitsPerRow=__DIGITS_PER_ROW ) :
appendee = self.__iopanel
self.__base = base
self.__positioner = GridPositioner( row=row, col=col,
columns=digitsPerRow )
for digit in [ digit for digit in range( 1, base ) ] + [ 0 ] :
button = Digit( master=self, digit=digit, appendee=appendee )
self.__positioner.add( button )
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton( text=Calculator.__CLEAR_TITLE,
command=self.__onClearButtonClick )
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton( text=Calculator.__PUSH_TITLE,
command=self.__onPushButtonClick )
# Utility method for adding additional button to the digit panel.
# @text@: the text on the button.
# @command@: the button's callback method.
def __addSpecialDigitPanelButton( self, text, command ) :
button = Button( master=self, text=text, command=command )
self.__positioner.add( button )
# Initialise the IO panel widget of this @Calculator@.
def __initialiseIOPanel( self ) :
width = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_WIDTH
height = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_HEIGHT
# create the IO panel.
iopanel = IOPanel( master=self, width=width, height=height )
row = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_ROW
col = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_COL
span = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_SPAN
# Add the IO panel to the current crid layout.
iopanel.grid( row=row, column=col, columnspan=span )
# Save object reference to the IO panel for future use.
self.__iopanel = iopanel
def __initialiseOperandPanel( self ):
#Add the Operand buttons to the panel
operators = OPERATORS
for operand in operators:
command = lambda operand=operand:self.__onOperandButtonClick(
operand)
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(operand,
command)
#Add the Clear Everything Button
title = Calculator.__CLEAR_EVERYTHING_TITLE
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(title,
self.__onClearEverythingButtonClick)
def __initialiseMenu(self):
#Initialises the menu bar
self.__menu = Menu(self)
self.config(menu=self.__menu)
def __initialiseBaseMenu(self, base) :
#Create the dropdown for selecting the base and add it to the
#menu
baseDropDown = BaseMenu(self, base)
label = Calculator.__BASE_MENU_TITLE
self.__menu.add_cascade(label=label, menu=baseDropDown)
def __initialiseOptionsMenu(self):
self.__options = OptionMenu(self,
self.__clearStack, self.__displayStack)
label = Calculator.__OPTIONS_MENU_TITLE
self.__menu.add_cascade(label=label, menu=self.__options)
def __initialiseHelpMenu(self):
#Initialises the panel for giving help options. ie. instructions
helpMenu = HelpMenu(self)
label = Calculator.__HELP_MENU_TITLE
self.__menu.add_cascade(label=label,menu=helpMenu)
def __initialiseStackPanel(self):
#Initialises the side panel that displays the current stack.
height = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_HEIGHT
width = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_WIDTH
self.__stackPanel = StackPanel(master=self,height=height,width=width,
stack=self.__stack)
self.__showStack()
def __showStack(self) :
#A method for adding the stack panel to the window
#This gets the last row used in the window
rows = ceil(self.__positioner.addedWidgets /
Calculator.__DIGITS_PER_ROW) + 1
sticky = Calculator.__STACK_STICKY
row = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_ROW
col = Calculator.__DIGITS_PER_ROW + 1 #Next to the rest of the stuff
self.__stackPanel.grid(row=row, column=col,
rowspan=rows, sticky=sticky)
self.__stackPanel.update()
def __hideStack(self) :
#A method for hiding the stack panel
self.__stackPanel.grid_forget()
def onStackDisplayChange(self) :
#A method for handling when the user changes the display stack option
displayStack = self.__options.displayStack.get()
if displayStack :
#The stack is hidden, we need to add it back to view
self.__showStack()
else :
#The stack is already visible, hide it
self.__hideStack()
# Callback method for push button
def __onPushButtonClick( self ) :
self.__pushInput()
def __pushInput(self) :
#push the value of the input field onto the stack
var = self.__iopanel.get( )
if var != "":
self.__stack.push(var)
self.__stackPanel.update()
self.__iopanel.reset( )
# Callback method for clear button
def __onClearButtonClick( self ) :
self.__iopanel.reset( )
#Handle presses of operand buttons
def __onOperandButtonClick(self, operand) :
#Handle the clicking of operand buttons
#Push any input in the field onto the stack, if any
self.__pushInput()
#Run the apply function, then display the answer
answer = self.__operation.apply(operand,self.__base)
if answer != None :
#We don't want to display None in the output field
self.__iopanel.set(answer)
if Calculator.__ERROR_TAG in answer :
#If the last operation gave us an error,
#we want to remove it from the stack
self.__stack.pop()
self.__stackPanel.update()
def changeBase(self, newBase) :
#Changes between the given bases
self.__removeAllChildren()
clearStack = self.__options.clearStack.get()
displayStack = self.__options.displayStack.get()
self.__stack.clear() if clearStack else self.__operation.convertStack(
self.__stack,newBase,self.__base)
self.__initialise(newBase,clearStack,displayStack)
def __removeAllChildren(self) :
#Removes all the children from self
for widget in self.winfo_children() :
#Destroy all widgets in self, without destroying self
widget.destroy()
def __onClearEverythingButtonClick(self):
#clear the stack
self.__stack.clear()
self.__iopanel.set("")
self.__stackPanel.update()
self.__iopanel.reset()
class Calculator(Tk):
# Width of @IOPanel@ in pixels.
__IO_PANEL_WIDTH = 200
# Height of @IOPanel@ in pixels.
__IO_PANEL_HEIGHT = 50
# Row number of @IOPanel@ in grid layout of the calculator.
__IO_PANEL_ROW = 0
# Column number of @IOPanel@ in grid layout of the calculator.
__IO_PANEL_COL = 0
# Span of @IOPanel@ in widgets in the grid layout of the calculator.
__IO_PANEL_SPAN = 3
# The number base of the calculator.
__BASE = 10
# The title of this calculator's window.
__TITLE = "Calculator"
# Row number of the first digit row in grid layout of the calculator.
__DIGIT_ROW = 1
# Column number of the first digit row in grid layout of the calculator.
__DIGIT_COL = 0
# Number of digit buttons per row in grid layout of the calculator.
__DIGITS_PER_ROW = 3
# Text on the clear button.
__CLEAR_TITLE = "C"
# Text on the push button.
__PUSH_TITLE = "P"
# Text on the add button.
__ADD_TITLE = "+"
# Text on the substraction button.
__SUB_TITLE = "-"
# Text on the multiplication button.
__MUL_TITLE = "*"
# Text on the division button.
__DIV_TITLE = "/"
# Text on the unary minus button.
__UMIN_TITLE = "(-)"
# Main constructor.
# @parent@: The master widget of this @Calculator@ or @None@
# @base@: The number base for this @Calculator@.
def __init__(self, master, title=__TITLE, base=__BASE):
# Initialise main calculator window.
Tk.__init__(self, master)
# Set title.
self.title(title)
# Save @master@. Not used...
self.__master = master
# Finish rest of initialisation.
self.__initialise(base=base)
# YOU SHOULD REMOVE THIS. IT'S FOR DEMONSTRATING THE API.
#self.__iopanel.set( "HI" )
# Utility method for initialising this @Calculator@'s components.
# @base@: the number base of this @Calculator@'s operations.
def __initialise(self, base):
# Initialise the IO panel component.
self.__initialiseIOPanel()
# Initialise the digit panel component.
self.__initialiseDigitPanel(base=base)
stack = Stack()
self.stack = stack
# Initialise the digit panel widget of this @Calculator@.
# @base@: the number base of this @Calculator@'s operations.
# @row@: row number in grid layout of this @Calculator@.
# @col@: column number in grid layout of this @Calculator@.
# @digitsPerRow@: digits per row in grid layout of this @Calculator@.
def __initialiseDigitPanel(self,
base,
row=__DIGIT_ROW,
col=__DIGIT_COL,
digitsPerRow=__DIGITS_PER_ROW):
appendee = self.__iopanel
self.__base = base
self.__positioner = GridPositioner(row=row,
col=col,
columns=digitsPerRow)
for digit in [digit for digit in range(1, base)] + [0]:
button = Digit(master=self, digit=digit, appendee=appendee)
self.__positioner.add(button)
# Adds a button for the clear function.
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__CLEAR_TITLE,
command=self.__onClearButtonClick)
# Adds a button for the push function.
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__PUSH_TITLE,
command=self.__onPushButtonClick)
# Adds a button for the addition function.
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__ADD_TITLE,
command=self.__onAddButtonClick)
# Adds a button for the subtraction function.
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__SUB_TITLE,
command=self.__onSubButtonClick)
# Adds a button for the multiplication function.
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__MUL_TITLE,
command=self.__onMulButtonClick)
# Adds a button for the division function.
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__DIV_TITLE,
command=self.__onDivButtonClick)
# Adds a button for the unary minus function.
self.__addSpecialDigitPanelButton(text=Calculator.__UMIN_TITLE,
command=self.__onUMinButtonClick)
# Utility method for adding additional button to the digit panel.
# @text@: the text on the button.
# @command@: the button's callback method.
def __addSpecialDigitPanelButton(self, text, command):
button = Button(master=self, text=text, command=command)
self.__positioner.add(button)
# Initialise the IO panel widget of this @Calculator@.
def __initialiseIOPanel(self):
width = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_WIDTH
height = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_HEIGHT
# create the IO panel.
iopanel = IOPanel(master=self, width=width, height=height)
row = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_ROW
col = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_COL
span = Calculator.__IO_PANEL_SPAN
# Add the IO panel to the current crid layout.
iopanel.grid(row=row, column=col, columnspan=span)
# Save object reference to the IO panel for future use.
self.__iopanel = iopanel
# Callback method for push button.
def __onPushButtonClick(self):
if self.__iopanel.get() != None:
#if the base is between 2 - 9, convert it to base ten.
if self.__base in range(2, 9):
self.stack.push(
self.stack.convertToDecimal(self.__iopanel.get(),
self.__base))
#if the base is 10 then push it to the stack.
else:
self.stack.push(self.__iopanel.get())
# Clear the iopanel input.
self.__iopanel.reset()
# Callback method for clear button.
def __onClearButtonClick(self):
self.__iopanel.reset()
# Callback method for push button.
def __onAddButtonClick(self):
self.__iopanel.reset()
# Sets the output to the added result.
self.__iopanel.set(self.stack.add(self.__base))
# Callback method for subtraction button.
def __onSubButtonClick(self):
self.__iopanel.reset()
# Sets the output to the subtracted result.
self.__iopanel.set(self.stack.subtract(self.__base))
# Callback method for multiplication button.
def __onMulButtonClick(self):
self.__iopanel.reset()
# Sets the output to the multiplied result.
self.__iopanel.set(self.stack.multiply(self.__base))
# Callback method for division button
def __onDivButtonClick(self):
self.__iopanel.reset()
# Sets the output to the divided result.
self.__iopanel.set(self.stack.division(self.__base))
# Callback method for unary minus button
def __onUMinButtonClick(self):
# Creates a new integer which is equal to the negative of the
# value of the operand.
um = int(self.__iopanel.get()) * -1
# Resets the user inputted value
self.__iopanel.reset()
# Sets the iopanel input equal to the negative of the given
# user inputted value.
self.__iopanel.append(str(um))
