def _save(im, fp, filename):
try:
rawmode = RAWMODE[im.mode]
except KeyError:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as JPEG" % im.mode)
info = im.encoderinfo
dpi = info.get("dpi", (0, 0))
# get keyword arguments
im.encoderconfig = (
info.get("quality", 0),
# "progressive" is the official name, but older documentation
# says "progression"
# FIXME: issue a warning if the wrong form is used (post-1.1.5)
info.has_key("progressive") or info.has_key("progression"),
info.get("smooth", 0),
info.has_key("optimize"),
info.get("streamtype", 0),
dpi[0], dpi[1]
)
if im.mode == "CMYK":
# invert it so it's handled correctly in Photoshop/etc. - Kevin Cazabon.
im = ImageChops.invert(im)
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("jpeg", (0,0)+im.size, 0, rawmode)])
def _save(im, fp, filename, check=0):
try:
type, rawmode = SAVE[im.mode]
except KeyError:
raise ValueError("Cannot save %s images as IM" % im.mode)
try:
frames = im.encoderinfo["frames"]
except KeyError:
frames = 1
if check:
return check
fp.write(("Image type: %s image\r\n" % type).encode('ascii'))
if filename:
fp.write(("Name: %s\r\n" % filename).encode('ascii'))
fp.write(("Image size (x*y): %d*%d\r\n" % im.size).encode('ascii'))
fp.write(("File size (no of images): %d\r\n" % frames).encode('ascii'))
if im.mode == "P":
fp.write(b"Lut: 1\r\n")
fp.write(b"\000" * (511-fp.tell()) + b"\032")
if im.mode == "P":
fp.write(im.im.getpalette("RGB", "RGB;L")) # 768 bytes
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0,0)+im.size, 0, (rawmode, 0, -1))])
def saveGif(self, filename):
with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
#TODO: check if file is writable?
#Write the header
f.write(self.headerBytes())
#Write the screen descriptor
f.write(self.screenDescriptorBytes())
#write global colour palette, if any
if self.globalPalette:
assert(len(self.globalPalette) == 768)
f.write(self.globalPalette)
if len(self.Frames)>1:
f.write(self.loopControlBytes())
for GCE, ID, img in self.Frames:
if len(self.Frames)>1:
f.write(GCE.toBytes())
f.write(ID.toBytes())
#convert to new image.
imOut = self.convertRGBtoIndexed(img, self.globalPalette)
imOut.encoderconfig = (8, False) #no interlace.
f.write(b'\x08')
ImageFile._save(imOut, f, [("gif", (0,0)+imOut.size, 0, RAWMODE[imOut.mode])])
f.write(b"\0") #end of image data.
#Write end of file (0x3B)
f.write(b';')
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if im.mode == "1":
rawmode, head = "1;I", b"P4"
elif im.mode == "L":
rawmode, head = "L", b"P5"
elif im.mode == "I":
if im.getextrema()[1] < 2 ** 16:
rawmode, head = "I;16B", b"P5"
else:
rawmode, head = "I;32B", b"P5"
elif im.mode == "RGB":
rawmode, head = "RGB", b"P6"
elif im.mode == "RGBA":
rawmode, head = "RGB", b"P6"
else:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as PPM" % im.mode)
fp.write(head + ("\n%d %d\n" % im.size).encode("ascii"))
if head == b"P6":
fp.write(b"255\n")
if head == b"P5":
if rawmode == "L":
fp.write(b"255\n")
elif rawmode == "I;16B":
fp.write(b"65535\n")
elif rawmode == "I;32B":
fp.write(b"2147483648\n")
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, (rawmode, 0, 1))])
def getdata(im, offset = (0, 0), **params):
"""Return a list of strings representing this image.
The first string is a local image header, the rest contains
encoded image data."""
class collector:
data = []
def write(self, data):
self.data.append(data)
im.load() # make sure raster data is available
fp = collector()
try:
im.encoderinfo = params
# local image header
fp.write(b"," +
o16(offset[0]) + # offset
o16(offset[1]) +
o16(im.size[0]) + # size
o16(im.size[1]) +
o8(0) + # flags
o8(8)) # bits
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("gif", (0,0)+im.size, 0, RAWMODE[im.mode])])
fp.write(b"\0") # end of image data
finally:
del im.encoderinfo
return fp.data
def getdata(im, offset=(0, 0), **params):
"""Return a list of strings representing this image.
The first string is a local image header, the rest contains
encoded image data."""
class Collector(object):
data = []
def write(self, data):
self.data.append(data)
im.load() # make sure raster data is available
fp = Collector()
try:
im.encoderinfo = params
# local image header
_get_local_header(fp, im, offset, 0)
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("gif", (0, 0)+im.size, 0, RAWMODE[im.mode])])
fp.write(b"\0") # end of image data
finally:
del im.encoderinfo
return fp.data
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if im.mode != "1":
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as MSP" % im.mode)
# create MSP header
header = [0] * 16
header[0], header[1] = i16(b"Da"), i16(b"nM") # version 1
header[2], header[3] = im.size
header[4], header[5] = 1, 1
header[6], header[7] = 1, 1
header[8], header[9] = im.size
checksum = 0
for h in header:
checksum = checksum ^ h
header[12] = checksum # FIXME: is this the right field?
# header
for h in header:
fp.write(o16(h))
# image body
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0)+im.size, 32, ("1", 0, 1))])
def encode_image(img):
img = img.convert('P', palette=Image.ADAPTIVE, colors=256)
palbytes = img.palette.palette
# assert len(img.palette) in (2, 4, 8, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100)
imio = io.BytesIO()
ImageFile._save(img, imio, [("gif", (0, 0)+img.size, 0, 'P')])
return (
# GCE
b'\x21' # extension block
+ b'\xf9' # graphic control extension
+ b'\x04' # block size
+ b'\x00' # flags
+ b'\x00\x00' # frame delay
+ b'\x00' # transparent color index
+ b'\x00' # block terminator
# Image headers
+ b'\x2c' # image block
+ b'\x00\x00' # image x
+ b'\x00\x00' # image y
+ struct.pack('<H', img.width) # image width
+ struct.pack('<H', img.height) # image height
+ bytes((0x80 | int(math.log(len(palbytes)//3, 2.0))-1,)) # flags (local palette and palette size)
# Palette
+ palbytes
# LZW code size
+ b'\x08'
# Image data. We're using pillow here because I was too lazy finding a suitable LZW encoder.
+ imio.getbuffer()
# End of image data
+ b'\x00'
)
def _save(im, fp, filename, eps=1):
"""EPS Writer for the Python Imaging Library."""
#
# make sure image data is available
im.load()
#
# determine postscript image mode
if im.mode == "L":
operator = (8, 1, "image")
elif im.mode == "RGB":
operator = (8, 3, "false 3 colorimage")
elif im.mode == "CMYK":
operator = (8, 4, "false 4 colorimage")
else:
raise ValueError("image mode is not supported")
class NoCloseStream:
def __init__(self, fp):
self.fp = fp
def __getattr__(self, name):
return getattr(self.fp, name)
def close(self):
pass
base_fp = fp
fp = io.TextIOWrapper(NoCloseStream(fp), encoding='latin-1')
if eps:
#
# write EPS header
fp.write("%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0\n")
fp.write("%%Creator: PIL 0.1 EpsEncode\n")
#fp.write("%%CreationDate: %s"...)
fp.write("%%%%BoundingBox: 0 0 %d %d\n" % im.size)
fp.write("%%Pages: 1\n")
fp.write("%%EndComments\n")
fp.write("%%Page: 1 1\n")
fp.write("%%ImageData: %d %d " % im.size)
fp.write("%d %d 0 1 1 \"%s\"\n" % operator)
#
# image header
fp.write("gsave\n")
fp.write("10 dict begin\n")
fp.write("/buf %d string def\n" % (im.size[0] * operator[1]))
fp.write("%d %d scale\n" % im.size)
fp.write("%d %d 8\n" % im.size) # <= bits
fp.write("[%d 0 0 -%d 0 %d]\n" % (im.size[0], im.size[1], im.size[1]))
fp.write("{ currentfile buf readhexstring pop } bind\n")
fp.write(operator[2] + "\n")
fp.flush()
ImageFile._save(im, base_fp, [("eps", (0,0)+im.size, 0, None)])
fp.write("\n%%%%EndBinary\n")
fp.write("grestore end\n")
fp.flush()
def delete(self, file_, delete_file=True):
"""
Deletes file_ references in Key Value store and optionally the file_
it self.
"""
image_file = ImageFile(file_)
if delete_file:
image_file.delete()
def _save(im, fp, filename, check=0):
try:
rawmode, bits, colors = SAVE[im.mode]
except KeyError:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as BMP" % im.mode)
if check:
return check
info = im.encoderinfo
dpi = info.get("dpi", (96, 96))
# 1 meter == 39.3701 inches
ppm = tuple(map(lambda x: int(x * 39.3701), dpi))
stride = ((im.size[0] * bits + 7) // 8 + 3) & (~3)
header = 40 # or 64 for OS/2 version 2
offset = 14 + header + colors * 4
image = stride * im.size[1]
# bitmap header
fp.write(
b"BM" + o32(offset + image) + o32(0) + o32(offset) # file type (magic) # file size # reserved
) # image data offset
# bitmap info header
fp.write(
o32(header)
+ o32(im.size[0]) # info header size
+ o32(im.size[1]) # width
+ o16(1) # height
+ o16(bits) # planes
+ o32(0) # depth
+ o32(image) # compression (0=uncompressed)
+ o32(ppm[0]) # size of bitmap
+ o32(ppm[1])
+ o32(colors) # resolution
+ o32(colors) # colors used
) # colors important
fp.write(b"\0" * (header - 40)) # padding (for OS/2 format)
if im.mode == "1":
for i in (0, 255):
fp.write(o8(i) * 4)
elif im.mode == "L":
for i in range(256):
fp.write(o8(i) * 4)
elif im.mode == "P":
fp.write(im.im.getpalette("RGB", "BGRX"))
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, (rawmode, stride, -1))])
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if _imaging_gif:
# call external driver
try:
_imaging_gif.save(im, fp, filename)
return
except IOError:
pass # write uncompressed file
if im.mode in RAWMODE:
im_out = im
else:
# convert on the fly (EXPERIMENTAL -- I'm not sure PIL
# should automatically convert images on save...)
if Image.getmodebase(im.mode) == "RGB":
palette_size = 256
if im.palette:
palette_size = len(im.palette.getdata()[1]) // 3
im_out = im.convert("P", palette=1, colors=palette_size)
else:
im_out = im.convert("L")
# header
try:
palette = im.encoderinfo["palette"]
except KeyError:
palette = None
im.encoderinfo["optimize"] = im.encoderinfo.get("optimize", True)
header, used_palette_colors = getheader(im_out, palette, im.encoderinfo)
for s in header:
fp.write(s)
flags = 0
if get_interlace(im):
flags = flags | 64
# local image header
get_local_header(fp, im, (0, 0), flags)
im_out.encoderconfig = (8, get_interlace(im))
ImageFile._save(im_out, fp, [("gif", (0, 0)+im.size, 0,
RAWMODE[im_out.mode])])
fp.write(b"\0") # end of image data
fp.write(b";") # end of file
try:
fp.flush()
except:
pass
def _save(im, fp, filename, check=0):
try:
version, bits, planes, rawmode = SAVE[im.mode]
except KeyError:
raise ValueError("Cannot save %s images as PCX" % im.mode)
if check:
return check
# bytes per plane
stride = (im.size[0] * bits + 7) // 8
# stride should be even
stride += stride % 2
# Stride needs to be kept in sync with the PcxEncode.c version.
# Ideally it should be passed in in the state, but the bytes value
# gets overwritten.
if Image.DEBUG:
print ("PcxImagePlugin._save: xwidth: %d, bits: %d, stride: %d" % (
im.size[0], bits, stride))
# under windows, we could determine the current screen size with
# "Image.core.display_mode()[1]", but I think that's overkill...
screen = im.size
dpi = 100, 100
# PCX header
fp.write(
o8(10) + o8(version) + o8(1) + o8(bits) + o16(0) +
o16(0) + o16(im.size[0]-1) + o16(im.size[1]-1) + o16(dpi[0]) +
o16(dpi[1]) + b"\0"*24 + b"\xFF"*24 + b"\0" + o8(planes) +
o16(stride) + o16(1) + o16(screen[0]) + o16(screen[1]) +
b"\0"*54
)
assert fp.tell() == 128
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("pcx", (0,0)+im.size, 0,
(rawmode, bits*planes))])
if im.mode == "P":
# colour palette
fp.write(o8(12))
fp.write(im.im.getpalette("RGB", "RGB")) # 768 bytes
elif im.mode == "L":
# greyscale palette
fp.write(o8(12))
for i in range(256):
fp.write(o8(i)*3)
def _save(im, fp, filename):
try:
rawmode = RAWMODE[im.mode]
except KeyError:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as JPEG" % im.mode)
info = im.encoderinfo
dpi = info.get("dpi", (0, 0))
subsampling = info.get("subsampling", -1)
if subsampling == "4:4:4":
subsampling = 0
elif subsampling == "4:2:2":
subsampling = 1
elif subsampling == "4:1:1":
subsampling = 2
extra = ""
icc_profile = info.get("icc_profile")
if icc_profile:
ICC_OVERHEAD_LEN = 14
MAX_BYTES_IN_MARKER = 65533
MAX_DATA_BYTES_IN_MARKER = MAX_BYTES_IN_MARKER - ICC_OVERHEAD_LEN
markers = []
while icc_profile:
markers.append(icc_profile[:MAX_DATA_BYTES_IN_MARKER])
icc_profile = icc_profile[MAX_DATA_BYTES_IN_MARKER:]
i = 1
for marker in markers:
size = struct.pack(">H", 2 + ICC_OVERHEAD_LEN + len(marker))
extra = extra + ("\xFF\xE2" + size + "ICC_PROFILE\0" + chr(i) + chr(len(markers)) + marker)
i = i + 1
# get keyword arguments
im.encoderconfig = (
info.get("quality", 0),
# "progressive" is the official name, but older documentation
# says "progression"
# FIXME: issue a warning if the wrong form is used (post-1.1.7)
info.has_key("progressive") or info.has_key("progression"),
info.get("smooth", 0),
info.has_key("optimize"),
info.get("streamtype", 0),
dpi[0], dpi[1],
subsampling,
extra,
)
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("jpeg", (0,0)+im.size, 0, rawmode)])
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if im.mode[0] != "F":
im = im.convert('F')
hdr = makeSpiderHeader(im)
if len(hdr) < 256:
raise IOError("Error creating Spider header")
# write the SPIDER header
fp.writelines(hdr)
rawmode = "F;32NF" # 32-bit native floating point
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0)+im.size, 0, (rawmode, 0, 1))])
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if im.mode == "1":
rawmode, head = "1;I", b"P4"
elif im.mode == "L":
rawmode, head = "L", b"P5"
elif im.mode == "RGB":
rawmode, head = "RGB", b"P6"
elif im.mode == "RGBA":
rawmode, head = "RGB", b"P6"
else:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as PPM" % im.mode)
fp.write(head + ("\n%d %d\n" % im.size).encode('ascii'))
if head != b"P4":
fp.write(b"255\n")
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0,0)+im.size, 0, (rawmode, 0, 1))])
def chunk_iCCP(self, pos, length):
# ICC profile
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
# according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:
# Profile name 1-79 bytes (character string)
# Null separator 1 byte (null character)
# Compression method 1 byte (0)
# Compressed profile n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)
i = s.find(b"\0")
logger.debug("iCCP profile name %r", s[:i])
logger.debug("Compression method %s", i8(s[i]))
comp_method = i8(s[i])
if comp_method != 0:
raise SyntaxError("Unknown compression method %s in iCCP chunk" %
comp_method)
try:
icc_profile = _safe_zlib_decompress(s[i+2:])
except ValueError:
if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
icc_profile = None
else:
raise
except zlib.error:
icc_profile = None # FIXME
self.im_info["icc_profile"] = icc_profile
return s
def chunk_PLTE(self, pos, length):
# palette
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
if self.im_mode == "P":
self.im_palette = "RGB", s
return s
def SOF(self, marker):
#
# Start of frame marker. Defines the size and mode of the
# image. JPEG is color blind, so we use some simple
# heuristics to map the number of layers to an appropriate
# mode. Note that this could be made a bit brighter, by
# looking for JFIF and Adobe APP markers.
n = i16(self.fp.read(2))-2
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, n)
self.size = i16(s[3:]), i16(s[1:])
self.bits = ord(s[0])
if self.bits != 8:
raise SyntaxError("cannot handle %d-bit layers" % self.bits)
self.layers = ord(s[5])
if self.layers == 1:
self.mode = "L"
elif self.layers == 3:
self.mode = "RGB"
elif self.layers == 4:
self.mode = "CMYK"
else:
raise SyntaxError("cannot handle %d-layer images" % self.layers)
if marker in [0xFFC2, 0xFFC6, 0xFFCA, 0xFFCE]:
self.info["progression"] = 1
for i in range(6, len(s), 3):
t = s[i:i+3]
# 4-tuples: id, vsamp, hsamp, qtable
self.layer.append((t[0], ord(t[1])/16, ord(t[1])&15, ord(t[2])))
def chunk_iTXt(self, pos, length):
# international text
r = s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
try:
k, r = r.split(b"\0", 1)
except ValueError:
return s
if len(r) < 2:
return s
cf, cm, r = i8(r[0]), i8(r[1]), r[2:]
try:
lang, tk, v = r.split(b"\0", 2)
except ValueError:
return s
if cf != 0:
if cm == 0:
try:
v = zlib.decompress(v)
except zlib.error:
return s
else:
return s
if bytes is not str:
try:
k = k.decode("latin-1", "strict")
lang = lang.decode("utf-8", "strict")
tk = tk.decode("utf-8", "strict")
v = v.decode("utf-8", "strict")
except UnicodeError:
return s
self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = iTXt(v, lang, tk)
return s
def chunk_zTXt(self, pos, len):
# compressed text
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, len)
try:
k, v = s.split(b"\0", 1)
except ValueError:
k = s; v = b""
if v:
comp_method = i8(v[0])
else:
comp_method = 0
if comp_method != 0:
raise SyntaxError("Unknown compression method %s in zTXt chunk" % comp_method)
import zlib
try:
v = zlib.decompress(v[1:])
except zlib.error:
v = b""
if k:
if bytes is not str:
k = k.decode('latin-1', 'strict')
v = v.decode('latin-1', 'replace')
self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = v
return s
def chunk_zTXt(self, pos, length):
# compressed text
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
try:
k, v = s.split(b"\0", 1)
except ValueError:
k = s
v = b""
if v:
comp_method = i8(v[0])
else:
comp_method = 0
if comp_method != 0:
raise SyntaxError("Unknown compression method %s in zTXt chunk" % comp_method)
try:
v = _safe_zlib_decompress(v[1:])
except zlib.error:
v = b""
if k:
if bytes is not str:
k = k.decode("latin-1", "strict")
v = v.decode("latin-1", "replace")
self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = v
self.check_text_memory(len(v))
return s
def load(self, fp):
# load tag dictionary
self.reset()
self.offset = fp.tell()
i16 = self.i16
i32 = self.i32
for i in range(i16(fp.read(2))):
ifd = fp.read(12)
tag, typ = i16(ifd), i16(ifd, 2)
if Image.DEBUG:
from PIL import TiffTags
tagname = TiffTags.TAGS.get(tag, "unknown")
typname = TiffTags.TYPES.get(typ, "unknown")
print("tag: %s (%d)" % (tagname, tag), end=' ')
print("- type: %s (%d)" % (typname, typ), end=' ')
try:
dispatch = self.load_dispatch[typ]
except KeyError:
if Image.DEBUG:
print("- unsupported type", typ)
continue # ignore unsupported type
size, handler = dispatch
size = size * i32(ifd, 4)
# Get and expand tag value
if size > 4:
here = fp.tell()
fp.seek(i32(ifd, 8))
data = ImageFile._safe_read(fp, size)
fp.seek(here)
else:
data = ifd[8:8+size]
if len(data) != size:
warnings.warn("Possibly corrupt EXIF data. "
"Expecting to read %d bytes but only got %d. "
"Skipping tag %s" % (size, len(data), tag))
continue
self.tagdata[tag] = data
self.tagtype[tag] = typ
if Image.DEBUG:
if tag in (COLORMAP, IPTC_NAA_CHUNK, PHOTOSHOP_CHUNK,
ICCPROFILE, XMP):
print("- value: <table: %d bytes>" % size)
else:
print("- value:", self[tag])
self.next = i32(fp.read(4))
def COM(self, marker):
#
# Comment marker. Store these in the APP dictionary.
n = i16(self.fp.read(2))-2
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, n)
self.app["COM"] = s # compatibility
self.applist.append(("COM", s))
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if im.mode != "1":
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as XBM" % im.mode)
fp.write(("#define im_width %d\n" % im.size[0]).encode('ascii'))
fp.write(("#define im_height %d\n" % im.size[1]).encode('ascii'))
hotspot = im.encoderinfo.get("hotspot")
if hotspot:
fp.write(("#define im_x_hot %d\n" % hotspot[0]).encode('ascii'))
fp.write(("#define im_y_hot %d\n" % hotspot[1]).encode('ascii'))
fp.write(b"static char im_bits[] = {\n")
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("xbm", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, None)])
fp.write(b"};\n")
def load(self, fp):
self.reset()
self._offset = fp.tell()
try:
for i in range(self._unpack("H", self._ensure_read(fp, 2))[0]):
tag, typ, count, data = self._unpack("HHL4s",
self._ensure_read(fp, 12))
if DEBUG:
tagname = TAGS_V2.get(tag, TagInfo()).name
typname = TYPES.get(typ, "unknown")
print(
"tag: %s (%d) - type: %s (%d)" % (tagname, tag,
typname, typ),
end=" ")
try:
unit_size, handler = self._load_dispatch[typ]
except KeyError:
if DEBUG:
print("- unsupported type", typ)
continue # ignore unsupported type
size = count * unit_size
if size > 4:
here = fp.tell()
offset, = self._unpack("L", data)
if DEBUG:
print(
"Tag Location: %s - Data Location: %s" % (here,
offset),
end=" ")
fp.seek(offset)
data = ImageFile._safe_read(fp, size)
fp.seek(here)
else:
data = data[:size]
if len(data) != size:
warnings.warn(
"Possibly corrupt EXIF data. "
"Expecting to read %d bytes but only got %d. "
"Skipping tag %s" % (size, len(data), tag))
continue
self._tagdata[tag] = data
self.tagtype[tag] = typ
if DEBUG:
if size > 32:
print("- value: <table: %d bytes>" % size)
else:
print("- value:", self[tag])
self.next, = self._unpack("L", self._ensure_read(fp, 4))
except IOError as msg:
warnings.warn(str(msg))
return
def _save(im, fp, filename, check=0):
try:
rawmode, bits, colors = SAVE[im.mode]
except KeyError:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as BMP" % im.mode)
if check:
return check
stride = ((im.size[0]*bits+7)//8+3)&(~3)
header = 40 # or 64 for OS/2 version 2
offset = 14 + header + colors * 4
image = stride * im.size[1]
# bitmap header
fp.write(b"BM" + # file type (magic)
o32(offset+image) + # file size
o32(0) + # reserved
o32(offset)) # image data offset
# bitmap info header
fp.write(o32(header) + # info header size
o32(im.size[0]) + # width
o32(im.size[1]) + # height
o16(1) + # planes
o16(bits) + # depth
o32(0) + # compression (0=uncompressed)
o32(image) + # size of bitmap
o32(1) + o32(1) + # resolution
o32(colors) + # colors used
o32(colors)) # colors important
fp.write(b"\0" * (header - 40)) # padding (for OS/2 format)
if im.mode == "1":
for i in (0, 255):
fp.write(o8(i) * 4)
elif im.mode == "L":
for i in range(256):
fp.write(o8(i) * 4)
elif im.mode == "P":
fp.write(im.im.getpalette("RGB", "BGRX"))
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0,0)+im.size, 0, (rawmode, stride, -1))])
def _save(im, fp, filename, check=0):
# check if im.mode is compatible with MRC (see Bmp...)
if check:
return check
header = MrcHeader()
header['width'] = im.size[0]
header['height'] = im.size[1]
header['depth'] = 1
header['mode'] = pilmode_mrcmode[im.mode]
header.tofile(fp)
rawmode = mrcmode_rawmode[header['mode']]
tile = [("raw", (0,0)+im.size, header.headerlen, (rawmode, 0, 1))]
print 'savetile:', tile
ImageFile._save(im, fp, tile)
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if filename.endswith('.j2k'):
kind = 'j2k'
else:
kind = 'jp2'
# Get the keyword arguments
info = im.encoderinfo
offset = info.get('offset', None)
tile_offset = info.get('tile_offset', None)
tile_size = info.get('tile_size', None)
quality_mode = info.get('quality_mode', 'rates')
quality_layers = info.get('quality_layers', None)
num_resolutions = info.get('num_resolutions', 0)
cblk_size = info.get('codeblock_size', None)
precinct_size = info.get('precinct_size', None)
irreversible = info.get('irreversible', False)
progression = info.get('progression', 'LRCP')
cinema_mode = info.get('cinema_mode', 'no')
fd = -1
if hasattr(fp, "fileno"):
try:
fd = fp.fileno()
except:
fd = -1
im.encoderconfig = (
offset,
tile_offset,
tile_size,
quality_mode,
quality_layers,
num_resolutions,
cblk_size,
precinct_size,
irreversible,
progression,
cinema_mode,
fd
)
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [('jpeg2k', (0, 0)+im.size, 0, kind)])
def APP(self, marker):
#
# Application marker. Store these in the APP dictionary.
# Also look for well-known application markers.
n = i16(self.fp.read(2)) - 2
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, n)
app = "APP%d" % (marker & 15)
self.app[app] = s # compatibility
self.applist.append((app, s))
if marker == 0xFFE0 and s[:4] == b"JFIF":
# extract JFIF information
self.info["jfif"] = version = i16(s, 5) # version
self.info["jfif_version"] = divmod(version, 256)
# extract JFIF properties
try:
jfif_unit = i8(s[7])
jfif_density = i16(s, 8), i16(s, 10)
except:
pass
else:
if jfif_unit == 1:
self.info["dpi"] = jfif_density
self.info["jfif_unit"] = jfif_unit
self.info["jfif_density"] = jfif_density
elif marker == 0xFFE1 and s[:5] == b"Exif\0":
# extract Exif information (incomplete)
self.info["exif"] = s # FIXME: value will change
elif marker == 0xFFE2 and s[:5] == b"FPXR\0":
# extract FlashPix information (incomplete)
self.info["flashpix"] = s # FIXME: value will change
elif marker == 0xFFE2 and s[:12] == b"ICC_PROFILE\0":
# Since an ICC profile can be larger than the maximum size of
# a JPEG marker (64K), we need provisions to split it into
# multiple markers. The format defined by the ICC specifies
# one or more APP2 markers containing the following data:
# Identifying string ASCII "ICC_PROFILE\0" (12 bytes)
# Marker sequence number 1, 2, etc (1 byte)
# Number of markers Total of APP2's used (1 byte)
# Profile data (remainder of APP2 data)
# Decoders should use the marker sequence numbers to
# reassemble the profile, rather than assuming that the APP2
# markers appear in the correct sequence.
self.icclist.append(s)
elif marker == 0xFFEE and s[:5] == b"Adobe":
self.info["adobe"] = i16(s, 5)
# extract Adobe custom properties
try:
adobe_transform = i8(s[1])
except:
pass
else:
self.info["adobe_transform"] = adobe_transform
def APP(self, marker):
#
# Application marker. Store these in the APP dictionary.
# Also look for well-known application markers.
n = i16(self.fp.read(2)) - 2
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, n)
app = "APP%d" % (marker & 15)
self.app[app] = s # compatibility
self.applist.append((app, s))
if marker == 0xFFE0 and s[:4] == "JFIF":
# extract JFIF information
self.info["jfif"] = version = i16(s, 5) # version
self.info["jfif_version"] = divmod(version, 256)
# extract JFIF properties
try:
jfif_unit = ord(s[7])
jfif_density = i16(s, 8), i16(s, 10)
except:
pass
else:
if jfif_unit == 1:
self.info["dpi"] = jfif_density
self.info["jfif_unit"] = jfif_unit
self.info["jfif_density"] = jfif_density
elif marker == 0xFFE1 and s[:5] == "Exif\0":
# extract Exif information (incomplete)
self.info["exif"] = s # FIXME: value will change
elif marker == 0xFFE2 and s[:5] == "FPXR\0":
# extract FlashPix information (incomplete)
self.info["flashpix"] = s # FIXME: value will change
elif marker == 0xFFEE and s[:5] == "Adobe":
self.info["adobe"] = i16(s, 5)
# extract Adobe custom properties
try:
adobe_transform = ord(s[1])
except:
pass
else:
self.info["adobe_transform"] = adobe_transform
def chunk_tEXt(self, pos, length):
# text
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
try:
k, v = s.split(b"\0", 1)
except ValueError:
# fallback for broken tEXt tags
k = s
v = b""
if k:
if bytes is not str:
k = k.decode('latin-1', 'strict')
v = v.decode('latin-1', 'replace')
self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = v
self.check_text_memory(len(v))
return s
def CreateMonoBag(imgs, bagname):
'''Creates a bag file with camera images'''
bag = rosbag.Bag(bagname, 'w')
try:
for i in range(len(imgs)):
print("Adding %s" % imgs[i])
fp = open(imgs[i], "r")
p = ImageFile.Parser()
'''read image size'''
imgpil = ImagePIL.open(imgs[0])
width, height = imgpil.size
# print "size:",width,height
# width 1241, height 376
while 1:
s = fp.read(1024)
if not s:
break
p.feed(s)
im = p.close()
Stamp = rospy.rostime.Time.from_sec(time.time())
'''set image information '''
Img = Image()
Img.header.stamp = Stamp
Img.height = height
Img.width = width
Img.header.frame_id = "camera"
'''for rgb8'''
# Img.encoding = "rgb8"
# Img_data = [pix for pixdata in im.getdata() for pix in pixdata]
# Img.step = Img.width * 3
'''for mono8'''
Img.encoding = "mono8"
Img_data = [pix for pixdata in [im.getdata()] for pix in pixdata]
Img.step = Img.width
Img.data = Img_data
bag.write('camera/image_raw', Img)
finally:
bag.close()
def check_image_resource(url):
'''reference: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7460218/get-image-size-without-downloading-it-in-python
'''
req = Request(url, headers={'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'})
connection = urlopen(req)
assert connection.code == 200
p = ImageFile.Parser()
for i in range(100): # at most read 100KB data
# 根據實際測試的結果，jpeg大部分在i=0讀到size，最多看過i=27才能讀到的情況
# png則大部分在i=0~5會讀到size，最多看過i=28才讀到的情況
data = connection.read(1024)
if not data:
break
p.feed(data)
if p.image:
connection.close()
return p.image.size
connection.close()
return (0, 0)
def get_image_dimensions(file_or_path, close=False):
"""
Returns the (width, height) of an image, given an open file or a path. Set
'close' to True to close the file at the end if it is initially in an open
state.
"""
from PIL import ImageFile as PillowImageFile
p = PillowImageFile.Parser()
if hasattr(file_or_path, 'read'):
file = file_or_path
file_pos = file.tell()
file.seek(0)
else:
file = open(file_or_path, 'rb')
close = True
try:
# Most of the time Pillow only needs a small chunk to parse the image
# and get the dimensions, but with some TIFF files Pillow needs to
# parse the whole file.
chunk_size = 1024
while 1:
data = file.read(chunk_size)
if not data:
break
try:
p.feed(data)
except Exception as e:
# ignore zlib complaining on truncated stream, just feed more
# data to parser (ticket #19457).
if e.args[0].startswith("Error -5"):
pass
else:
raise
if p.image:
return p.image.size
chunk_size *= 2
return None
finally:
if close:
file.close()
else:
file.seek(file_pos)
def CreateMonoBag(imgs,bagname,yamlName):
'''Creates a bag file with camera images'''
bag =rosbag.Bag(bagname, 'w')
try:
for i in range(len(imgs)):
print("Adding %s" % imgs[i])
fp = open( imgs[i], "rb" )
p = ImageFile.Parser()
while 1:
s = fp.read(1024)
if not s:
break
p.feed(s)
im = p.close()
Stamp = rospy.rostime.Time.from_sec(time.time())
Img = Image()
Img.header.stamp = Stamp
Img.width = im.size[0]
Img.height = im.size[1]
if im.mode=='RGB': #(3x8-bit pixels, true color)
Img.encoding = "rgb8"
Img.header.frame_id = "camera_rgb_optical_frame"
Img.step = Img.width*3
Img_data = [pix for pixdata in im.getdata() for pix in pixdata]
elif im.mode=='L': #(8-bit pixels, black and white)
Img.encoding = "mono8"
Img.header.frame_id = "camera_gray_optical_frame"
Img.step = Img.width
Img_data=[pix for pixdata in [im.getdata()] for pix in pixdata]
Img.data = Img_data
[calib, cameraName]=yaml_to_CameraInfo(yamlName)
calib.header.stamp = Stamp
if im.mode=='RGB':
calib.header.frame_id = "camera_rgb_optical_frame"
elif im.mode=='L':
calib.header.frame_id = "camera_gray_optical_frame"
bag.write( cameraName + '/camera_info', calib, Stamp)
bag.write( cameraName + '/image_raw', Img, Stamp)
finally:
bag.close()
def getsizes(uri):
# get file size *and* image size (None if not known)
MIN_SIZE = 980 #pixels, one dimension
file = urllib.urlopen(uri)
size = file.headers.get("content-length")
if size: size = int(size)
p = ImageFile.Parser()
while 1:
data = file.read(1024)
if not data:
break
p.feed(data)
if p.image:
#check this out
return p.image.size
else:
'pass'
file.close()
def clean_image(self):
if not self.cleaned_data.get('image', None):
# This check is done in the global clean as well, so we accept it here since
# we might have decliend it.
return None
imagedata = self.cleaned_data['image']
try:
p = ImageFile.Parser()
p.feed(imagedata.read())
p.close()
image = p.image
except Exception as e:
raise ValidationError("Could not parse image: %s" % e)
if image.format != self.params['format'].upper():
raise ValidationError(
"Only %s format images are accepted, not '%s'" %
(self.params['format'].upper(), image.format))
xres = int(self.params['xres'])
yres = int(self.params['yres'])
resstr = "%sx%s" % (xres, yres)
upresstr = "%sx%s" % image.size
# Check maximum resolution
if image.size[0] > xres or image.size[1] > yres:
raise ValidationError(
"Maximum size of image is %s. Uploaded image is %s." %
(resstr, upresstr))
# One of the sizes has to be exactly what the spec says, otherwise we might have an image that's
# too small.
if image.size[0] != xres and image.size[1] != yres:
raise ValidationError(
"Image must be %s pixels wide or %s pixels high. Uploaded image is %s."
% (xres, yres, upresstr))
if int(self.params.get('transparent', 0)) == 1:
# Require transparency, only supported for PNG
if self.params['format'].upper() != 'PNG':
raise ValidationError(
"Transparency validation requires PNG images")
if image.mode != 'RGBA':
raise ValidationError("Image must have transparent background")
return self.cleaned_data['image']
def getImgSize(uri):
# get file size *and* image size (None if not known)
try:
file = urllib.request.urlopen(uri)
# size = file.headers.get("content-length")
# if size: size = int(size)
p = ImageFile.Parser()
while 1:
data = file.read(1024)
if not data:
break
p.feed(data)
if p.image:
return p.image.size
break
file.close()
except:
pass
return None
def get_image_dimensions(filepath):
"""
Returns the (width, height) of an image, given an open file or a path.
Adapted from django.core.files.image.
"""
p = PILImageFile.Parser()
file = open(filepath, 'rb')
try:
while True:
data = file.read(1024)
if not data:
break
p.feed(data)
if p.image:
return p.image.size
return None
finally:
file.close()
def verify(self, endchunk=b"IEND"):
# Simple approach; just calculate checksum for all remaining
# blocks. Must be called directly after open.
cids = []
while True:
try:
cid, pos, length = self.read()
except struct.error:
raise IOError("truncated PNG file")
if cid == endchunk:
break
self.crc(cid, ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length))
cids.append(cid)
return cids
def get_image_dimensions(file_or_path, close=False):
"""
A modified version of ``django.core.files.images.get_image_dimensions``
which accounts for Exif orientation.
"""
p = ImageFile.Parser()
if hasattr(file_or_path, 'read'):
file = file_or_path
file_pos = file.tell()
file.seek(0)
else:
file = open(file_or_path, 'rb')
close = True
try:
# Most of the time PIL only needs a small chunk to parse the image and
# get the dimensions, but with some TIFF files PIL needs to parse the
# whole file.
chunk_size = 1024
while 1:
data = file.read(chunk_size)
if not data:
break
try:
p.feed(data)
except zlib.error as e:
# ignore zlib complaining on truncated stream, just feed more
# data to parser (ticket #19457).
if e.args[0].startswith("Error -5"):
pass
else:
raise
if p.image:
return exif_aware_size(p.image)
chunk_size *= 2
return None
finally:
if close:
file.close()
else:
file.seek(file_pos)
def scores_for_image(imagecontent, n, N):
imagedata = {}
p = ImageFile.Parser()
p.feed(imagecontent)
p.close()
width, height = p.image.size
h = p.image.histogram().count(0)
imagedata['width'] = width
imagedata['height'] = height
imagedata['blank columns in histogram'] = h
s = width * height
imagedata['size in pixels'] = s
r = width / height
imagedata['ratio width/height'] = r
imagedata['byte size'] = \
sys.getsizeof(imagecontent)
k1 = 0.1
k2 = 0.4
k3 = 10
k4 = 0.5
score = (k1 * (N - n)) + (k2 * s) - (k3 * h) - (k4 * r)
imagedata['N'] = N
imagedata['n'] = n
imagedata['k1'] = k1
imagedata['k2'] = k2
imagedata['k3'] = k3
imagedata['k4'] = k4
imagedata['calculated score'] = score
return imagedata
def CreateBag(args):
imgs = GetImages(args[0])
if not imgs:
print("No images found in %s" % dir)
exit()
rosbagfile = args[1]
if (os.path.exists(rosbagfile)):
os.remove(rosbagfile)
bag = rosbag.Bag(rosbagfile, 'w')
try:
for filename in imgs:
print("Adding %s" % filename)
with open(filename, "rb") as image_data:
parser = ImageFile.Parser()
while 1:
raw_bytes = image_data.read(1024)
if not raw_bytes:
break
parser.feed(raw_bytes)
parsed_image = parser.close()
timestamp = rospy.Time.from_sec(time.time())
image = Image()
image.header.stamp = timestamp
image.width = parsed_image.size[0]
image.height = parsed_image.size[1]
image.step = image.width * 4
image.encoding = "rgba8"
image.header.frame_id = "image_data/image"
image.data = [
pix for pixdata in parsed_image.getdata()
for pix in pixdata
]
bag.write('image_node/image_raw', image, timestamp)
finally:
bag.close()
def chunk_tRNS(self, pos, length):
# transparency
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
if self.im_mode == "P":
if _simple_palette.match(s):
# tRNS contains only one full-transparent entry,
# other entries are full opaque
i = s.find(b"\0")
if i >= 0:
self.im_info["transparency"] = i
else:
# otherwise, we have a byte string with one alpha value
# for each palette entry
self.im_info["transparency"] = s
elif self.im_mode == "L":
self.im_info["transparency"] = i16(s)
elif self.im_mode == "RGB":
self.im_info["transparency"] = i16(s), i16(s[2:]), i16(s[4:])
return s
def getImageSizes(uri):
# get file size *and* image size (None if not known)
# http://effbot.org/zone/pil-image-size.htm
try:
file = urllib2.urlopen(uri, timeout=0.5)
size = file.headers.get("content-length")
if size: size = int(size)
p = ImageFile.Parser()
while 1:
data = file.read(1024)
if not data:
break
p.feed(data)
if p.image:
return size, p.image.size
break
file.close()
return size, None
except:
return [0, [0, 0]]
def thumbnail(fp, size=128, bs=2048):
"""generate png thumbnails"""
p = ImageFile.Parser()
try:
while True:
s = fp.read(bs)
if not s:
break
p.feed(s)
img = p.close()
img.thumbnail((size, size))
op = io.BytesIO()
img.save(op, 'PNG')
op.seek(0)
return op.read().encode('base64')
except IOError:
raise
def DQT(self, marker):
#
# Define quantization table. Support baseline 8-bit tables
# only. Note that there might be more than one table in
# each marker.
# FIXME: The quantization tables can be used to estimate the
# compression quality.
n = i16(self.fp.read(2)) - 2
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, n)
while len(s):
if len(s) < 65:
raise SyntaxError("bad quantization table marker")
v = i8(s[0])
if v // 16 == 0:
self.quantization[v & 15] = array.array("b", s[1:65])
s = s[65:]
else:
return # FIXME: add code to read 16-bit tables!
def parse(cls, file):
"""
解析远程图片文件, 生成Image类型对象返回.
params:
file: 从request.FILES中获取的数据对象
returns:
img: PIL Image Object
"""
try:
parser = ImageFile.Parser()
for chunk in file.chunks():
parser.feed(chunk)
finally:
image = parser.close()
if image.mode != 'RGBA':
image = image.convert('RGBA')
return image
def __parse_image(self, data):
"""
Load the image from data with PIL
"""
try:
parser = ImageFile.Parser()
parser.feed(data)
self.__image = parser.close()
except IOError:
raise AlbumArtError('Error parsing albumart image data')
try:
self.__mimetype = PIL_MIME_MAP[self.__image.format]
except KeyError:
self.__image = None
raise AlbumArtError('Unsupported PIL image format: %s' % self.__image.format )
if self.__image.mode != 'RGB':
self.__image = self.__image.convert('RGB')
def isLandscape(URL):
file = urllib.request.urlopen(URL)
size = file.headers.get("content-length")
if size: size = int(size)
p = ImageFile.Parser()
while 1:
data = file.read(1024)
if not data:
break
p.feed(data)
if p.image:
# return p.image.size
if p.image.size[0] >= p.image.size[1]:
return True
break
else:
return False
break
file.close()
return False
def getsizes(url):
"""
Takes a image URL and returns its size
:param url: A URL
:rtype: Int
"""
file = urlopen(url)
size = file.headers.get("content-length")
if size: size = int(size)
p = ImageFile.Parser()
while 1:
data = file.read(1024)
if not data:
break
p.feed(data)
if p.image:
return size, p.image.size
break
file.close()
return size, None
def chunk_iTXt(self, pos, length):
# international text
r = s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
try:
k, r = r.split(b"\0", 1)
except ValueError:
return s
if len(r) < 2:
return s
cf, cm, r = i8(r[0]), i8(r[1]), r[2:]
try:
lang, tk, v = r.split(b"\0", 2)
except ValueError:
return s
if cf != 0:
if cm == 0:
try:
v = _safe_zlib_decompress(v)
except ValueError:
if ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
return s
else:
raise
except zlib.error:
return s
else:
return s
if bytes is not str:
try:
k = k.decode("latin-1", "strict")
lang = lang.decode("utf-8", "strict")
tk = tk.decode("utf-8", "strict")
v = v.decode("utf-8", "strict")
except UnicodeError:
return s
self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = iTXt(v, lang, tk)
self.check_text_memory(len(v))
return s
def get_size_and_format(url):
try:
checked = UrlStr.is_url(url)
except ValueError as err:
return {
"size": None,
"width": None,
"height": None,
"format": None
}
if checked:
try:
requesting_file = requests.get(url, stream=True)
requesting_file.raise_for_status()
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as err:
requesting_file.close()
raise Exception(err)
if requesting_file.headers.get("Content-Type").startswith(
"image/"):
size = requesting_file.headers.get("Content-Length")
size = int(size) or size
image_parser = ImageFile.Parser()
while True:
data = requesting_file.raw.read(1024)
if not data:
requesting_file.close()
return size, None, None
image_parser.feed(data)
if image_parser.image:
requesting_file.close()
img = image_parser.close()
return {
"size": size,
"width": img.size[0],
"height": img.size[1],
"format": img.format
}
def getsizes(self, uri):
#urllib.urlretrieve(uri, uri)
# get file size *and* image size (None if not known)
file = urllib.urlopen(uri)
size = file.headers.get("content-length")
if size: size = int(size)
p = ImageFile.Parser()
while 1:
data = file.read(1024)
if not data:
break
p.feed(data)
if p.image:
return size, p.image.size
break
file.close()
return size, None
def getsizes(uri, dc):
try:
# get file size *and* image size (None if not known)
data = None
if uri in dc:
return dc[uri]
else:
file = request.urlopen(uri)
data = file.read(1024)
file.close()
if data:
p = ImageFile.Parser()
p.feed(data)
if p.image:
dc[uri] = p.image.size
return p.image.size
except Exception as e:
print(e)
print('Cannot detect size')
return None, None
def getFileSizeAndType(uri):
# get file size, image size and file type (None if not known)
file = urllib.request.urlopen(uri)
size = file.headers.get("content-length")
if size: size = int(size)
p = ImageFile.Parser()
while 1:
data = file.read(1024)
if not data:
break
p.feed(data)
if p.image:
break
file.close()
if p.image:
return size, p.image.size, p.image.format
raise ValueError("Could not read file size and type from: %s" % uri)
return size, (0, 0), None
def __call__(self, value):
if value.size is None:
# This happens when no new file is uploaded, so assume things are fine
return
try:
p = ImageFile.Parser()
p.feed(value.read())
p.close()
img = p.image
except Exception as e:
raise ValidationError("Could not parse image: %s" % e)
if img.format.upper() not in self.formats:
raise ValidationError(
"Files of format {0} are not accepted, only {1}".format(
img.format, ", ".join(self.formats)))
if self.maxsize:
if img.size[0] > self.maxsize[0] or img.size[1] > self.maxsize[1]:
raise ValidationError(
"Maximum image size is {}x{}".format(*self.maxsize))
def getsizes(uri):
# get file size *and* image size (None if not known)
file = urllib.request.urlopen(uri)
size = file.headers.get("content-length")
if size: size = int(size)
p = ImageFile.Parser()
while 1:
data = file.read(1024)
if not data:
break
p.feed(data)
if p.image:
print(p.image.size)
width = p.image.size[0]
height = p.image.size[1]
#print(width)
#print(height)
file.close()
if (height > width or height < 1080 or width < 1920):
return False
return True
def getsizes(uri):
# get file size *and* image size (None if not known)
file = urllib.request.urlopen(uri)
size = file.headers.get("content-length")
if size:
size = int(size)
p = ImageFile.Parser()
while 1:
data = file.read(1024)
if not data:
break
p.feed(data)
if p.image:
return (
"Image file size: " + str(size),
"Image dimensions: " + str(p.image.size),
"Filename: " + uri,
)
break
file.close()
return size, None
