def uri_put_file(creds, uri, fp, content_encoding=None):
assert fp.tell() == 0
assert uri.startswith("wabs://")
def log_upload_failures_on_error(exc_tup, exc_processor_cxt):
def standard_detail_message(prefix=""):
return prefix + " There have been {n} attempts to upload " "file {url} so far.".format(
n=exc_processor_cxt, url=uri
)
typ, value, tb = exc_tup
del exc_tup
# Screen for certain kinds of known-errors to retry from
if issubclass(typ, socket.error):
socketmsg = value[1] if isinstance(value, tuple) else value
logger.info(
msg="Retrying upload because of a socket error",
detail=standard_detail_message("The socket error's message is '{0}'.".format(socketmsg)),
)
else:
# For all otherwise untreated exceptions, report them as a
# warning and retry anyway -- all exceptions that can be
# justified should be treated and have error messages
# listed.
logger.warning(
msg="retrying file upload from unexpected exception",
detail=standard_detail_message(
"The exception type is {etype} and its value is "
"{evalue} and its traceback is {etraceback}".format(
etype=typ, evalue=value, etraceback="".join(traceback.format_tb(tb))
)
),
)
# Help Python GC by resolving possible cycles
del tb
# Because we're uploading in chunks, catch rate limiting and
# connection errors which occur for each individual chunk instead of
# failing the whole file and restarting.
@retry(retry_with_count(log_upload_failures_on_error))
def upload_chunk(chunk, block_id):
check_sum = base64.encodestring(md5(chunk).digest()).strip("\n")
conn.put_block(url_tup.netloc, url_tup.path, chunk, block_id, content_md5=check_sum)
url_tup = urlparse(uri)
kwargs = dict(x_ms_blob_type="BlockBlob")
if content_encoding is not None:
kwargs["x_ms_blob_content_encoding"] = content_encoding
conn = BlobService(creds.account_name, creds.account_key, protocol="https")
conn.put_blob(url_tup.netloc, url_tup.path, "", **kwargs)
# WABS requires large files to be uploaded in 4MB chunks
block_ids = []
length, index = 0, 0
pool_size = os.getenv("WABS_UPLOAD_POOL_SIZE", 5)
p = gevent.pool.Pool(size=pool_size)
while True:
data = fp.read(WABS_CHUNK_SIZE)
if data:
length += len(data)
block_id = base64.b64encode(str(index))
p.wait_available()
p.spawn(upload_chunk, data, block_id)
block_ids.append(block_id)
index += 1
else:
p.join()
break
conn.put_block_list(url_tup.netloc, url_tup.path, block_ids)
# To maintain consistency with the S3 version of this function we must
# return an object with a certain set of attributes. Currently, that set
# of attributes consists of only 'size'
return _Key(size=len(data))
class AzureFS(LoggingMixIn, Operations):
"""Azure Blob Storage filesystem"""
blobs = None
containers = dict() # <cname, dict(stat:dict,
#files:None|dict<fname, stat>)
fds = dict() # <fd, (path, bytes, dirty)>
fd = 0
def __init__(self, account, key):
self.blobs = BlobService(account, key)
self.rebuild_container_list()
def convert_to_epoch(self, date):
"""Converts Tue, 31 Jul 2012 07:17:34 GMT format to epoch"""
return int(time.mktime(time.strptime(date, TIME_FORMAT)))
def rebuild_container_list(self):
cmap = dict()
cnames = set()
for c in self.blobs.list_containers():
date = c.properties.last_modified
cstat = dict(st_mode=(S_IFDIR | 0755),
st_uid=getuid(),
st_size=0,
st_mtime=self.convert_to_epoch(date))
cname = c.name
cmap['/' + cname] = dict(stat=cstat, files=None)
cnames.add(cname)
cmap['/'] = dict(files={},
stat=dict(st_mode=(S_IFDIR | 0755),
st_uid=getuid(),
st_size=0,
st_mtime=int(time.time())))
self.containers = cmap # destroys fs tree cache resistant to misses
def _parse_path(self, path): # returns </dir, file(=None)>
if path.count('/') > 1: # file
return str(path[:path.rfind('/')]), str(path[path.rfind('/') + 1:])
else: # dir
pos = path.rfind('/', 1)
if pos == -1:
return path, None
else:
return str(path[:pos]), None
def parse_container(self, path):
base_container = path[1:] # /abc/def/g --> abc
if base_container.find('/') > -1:
base_container = base_container[:base_container.find('/')]
return str(base_container)
def _get_dir(self, path, contents_required=False):
if not self.containers:
self.rebuild_container_list()
if path in self.containers and not (contents_required and \
self.containers[path]['files'] is None):
return self.containers[path]
cname = self.parse_container(path)
if '/' + cname not in self.containers:
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
else:
if self.containers['/' + cname]['files'] is None:
# fetch contents of container
log.info("------> CONTENTS NOT FOUND: %s" % cname)
blobs = self.blobs.list_blobs(cname)
dirstat = dict(st_mode=(S_IFDIR | 0755),
st_size=0,
st_uid=getuid(),
st_mtime=time.time())
if self.containers['/' + cname]['files'] is None:
self.containers['/' + cname]['files'] = dict()
for f in blobs:
blob_name = f.name
blob_date = f.properties.last_modified
blob_size = long(f.properties.content_length)
node = dict(st_mode=(S_IFREG | 0644),
st_size=blob_size,
st_mtime=self.convert_to_epoch(blob_date),
st_uid=getuid())
if blob_name.find('/') == -1: # file just under container
self.containers['/' + cname]['files'][blob_name] = node
return self.containers['/' + cname]
return None
def _get_file(self, path):
d, f = self._parse_path(path)
dir = self._get_dir(d, True)
if dir is not None and f in dir['files']:
return dir['files'][f]
def getattr(self, path, fh=None):
d, f = self._parse_path(path)
if f is None:
dir = self._get_dir(d)
return dir['stat']
else:
file = self._get_file(path)
if file:
return file
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
# FUSE
def mkdir(self, path, mode):
if path.count('/') <= 1: # create on root
name = path[1:]
if not 3 <= len(name) <= 63:
log.error("Container names can be 3 through 63 chars long.")
raise FuseOSError(ENAMETOOLONG)
if name is not name.lower():
log.error("Container names cannot contain uppercase \
characters.")
raise FuseOSError(EACCES)
if name.count('--') > 0:
log.error('Container names cannot contain consecutive \
dashes (-).')
raise FuseOSError(EAGAIN)
#TODO handle all "-"s must be preceded by letter or numbers
#TODO starts with only letter or number, can contain letter, nr,'-'
resp = self.blobs.create_container(name)
if resp:
self.rebuild_container_list()
log.info("CONTAINER %s CREATED" % name)
else:
raise FuseOSError(EACCES)
log.error("Invalid container name or container already \
exists.")
else:
raise FuseOSError(ENOSYS) # TODO support 2nd+ level mkdirs
def rmdir(self, path):
if path.count('/') == 1:
c_name = path[1:]
resp = self.blobs.delete_container(c_name)
if resp:
if path in self.containers:
del self.containers[path]
else:
raise FuseOSError(EACCES)
else:
raise FuseOSError(ENOSYS) # TODO support 2nd+ level mkdirs
def create(self, path, mode):
node = dict(st_mode=(S_IFREG | mode),
st_size=0,
st_nlink=1,
st_uid=getuid(),
st_mtime=time.time())
d, f = self._parse_path(path)
if not f:
log.error("Cannot create files on root level: /")
raise FuseOSError(ENOSYS)
dir = self._get_dir(d, True)
if not dir:
raise FuseOSError(EIO)
dir['files'][f] = node
return self.open(path, data='') # reusing handler provider
def open(self, path, flags=0, data=None):
if data == None: # download contents
c_name = self.parse_container(path)
f_name = path[path.find('/', 1) + 1:]
try:
data = self.blobs.get_blob(c_name, f_name)
except AzureMissingResourceHttpError:
dir = self._get_dir('/' + c_name, True)
if f_name in dir['files']:
del dir['files'][f_name]
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
except AzureException as e:
log.error("Read blob failed HTTP %d" % e.code)
raise FuseOSError(EAGAIN)
self.fd += 1
self.fds[self.fd] = (path, data, False)
return self.fd
def flush(self, path, fh=None):
if not fh:
raise FuseOSError(EIO)
else:
if fh not in self.fds:
raise FuseOSError(EIO)
path = self.fds[fh][0]
data = self.fds[fh][1]
dirty = self.fds[fh][2]
if not dirty:
return 0 # avoid redundant write
d, f = self._parse_path(path)
c_name = self.parse_container(path)
if data is None:
data = ''
try:
if len(data) < 64 * 1024 * 1024: # 64 mb
self.blobs.put_blob(c_name, f, data, 'BlockBlob')
else:
# divide file by blocks and upload
block_size = 8 * 1024 * 1024
num_blocks = int(math.ceil(len(data) * 1.0 / block_size))
rd = str(random.randint(1, 1e8))
block_ids = list()
for i in range(num_blocks):
part = data[i * block_size:min((i + 1) *
block_size, len(data))]
block_id = base64.encodestring(
'%s_%s' % (rd, (8 - len(str(i))) * '0' + str(i)))
self.blobs.put_block(c_name, f, part, block_id)
block_ids.append(block_id)
self.blobs.put_block_list(c_name, f, block_ids)
except AzureException:
raise FuseOSError(EAGAIN)
dir = self._get_dir(d, True)
if not dir or f not in dir['files']:
raise FuseOSError(EIO)
# update local data
dir['files'][f]['st_size'] = len(data)
dir['files'][f]['st_mtime'] = time.time()
self.fds[fh] = (path, data, False) # mark as not dirty
return 0
def release(self, path, fh=None):
if fh is not None and fh in self.fds:
del self.fds[fh]
def truncate(self, path, length, fh=None):
return 0 # assume done, no need
def write(self, path, data, offset, fh=None):
if not fh or fh not in self.fds:
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
else:
d = self.fds[fh][1]
if d is None:
d = ""
self.fds[fh] = (self.fds[fh][0], d[:offset] + data, True)
return len(data)
def unlink(self, path):
c_name = self.parse_container(path)
d, f = self._parse_path(path)
try:
self.blobs.delete_blob(c_name, f)
_dir = self._get_dir(path, True)
if _dir and f in _dir['files']:
del _dir['files'][f]
return 0
except AzureMissingResourceHttpError:
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
except Exception as e:
raise FuseOSError(EAGAIN)
def readdir(self, path, fh):
if path == '/':
return ['.', '..'] + [x[1:] for x in self.containers.keys() \
if x is not '/']
dir = self._get_dir(path, True)
if not dir:
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
return ['.', '..'] + dir['files'].keys()
def read(self, path, size, offset, fh):
if not fh or fh not in self.fds:
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
f_name = path[path.find('/', 1) + 1:]
c_name = path[1:path.find('/', 1)]
try:
data = self.blobs.get_blob(c_name, f_name)
self.fds[fh] = (self.fds[fh][0], data, False)
return data[offset:offset + size]
except URLError, e:
if e.code == 404:
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
elif e.code == 403:
raise FUSEOSError(EPERM)
else:
log.error("Read blob failed HTTP %d" % e.code)
raise FuseOSError(EAGAIN)
data = self.fds[fh][1]
if data is None:
data = ""
return data[offset:offset + size]
class AzureFS(LoggingMixIn, Operations):
"""Azure Blob Storage filesystem"""
blobs = None
containers = dict() # <cname, dict(stat:dict,
#files:None|dict<fname, stat>)
fds = dict() # <fd, (path, bytes, dirty)>
fd = 0
def __init__(self, account, key):
self.blobs = BlobService(account, key)
self.rebuild_container_list()
def convert_to_epoch(self, date):
"""Converts Tue, 31 Jul 2012 07:17:34 GMT format to epoch"""
return int(time.mktime(time.strptime(date, TIME_FORMAT)))
def rebuild_container_list(self):
cmap = dict()
cnames = set()
for c in self.blobs.list_containers():
date = c.properties.last_modified
cstat = dict(st_mode=(S_IFDIR | 0755), st_uid=getuid(), st_size=0,
st_mtime=self.convert_to_epoch(date))
cname = c.name
cmap['/' + cname] = dict(stat=cstat, files=None)
cnames.add(cname)
cmap['/'] = dict(files={},
stat=dict(st_mode=(S_IFDIR | 0755),
st_uid=getuid(), st_size=0,
st_mtime=int(time.time())))
self.containers = cmap # destroys fs tree cache resistant to misses
def _parse_path(self, path): # returns </dir, file(=None)>
if path.count('/') > 1: # file
return str(path[:path.rfind('/')]), str(path[path.rfind('/') + 1:])
else: # dir
pos = path.rfind('/', 1)
if pos == -1:
return path, None
else:
return str(path[:pos]), None
def parse_container(self, path):
base_container = path[1:] # /abc/def/g --> abc
if base_container.find('/') > -1:
base_container = base_container[:base_container.find('/')]
return str(base_container)
def _get_dir(self, path, contents_required=False):
if not self.containers:
self.rebuild_container_list()
if path in self.containers and not (contents_required and \
self.containers[path]['files'] is None):
return self.containers[path]
cname = self.parse_container(path)
if '/' + cname not in self.containers:
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
else:
if self.containers['/' + cname]['files'] is None:
# fetch contents of container
log.info("------> CONTENTS NOT FOUND: %s" % cname)
blobs = self.blobs.list_blobs(cname)
dirstat = dict(st_mode=(S_IFDIR | 0755), st_size=0,
st_uid=getuid(), st_mtime=time.time())
if self.containers['/' + cname]['files'] is None:
self.containers['/' + cname]['files'] = dict()
for f in blobs:
blob_name = f.name
blob_date = f.properties.last_modified
blob_size = long(f.properties.content_length)
node = dict(st_mode=(S_IFREG | 0644), st_size=blob_size,
st_mtime=self.convert_to_epoch(blob_date),
st_uid=getuid())
if blob_name.find('/') == -1: # file just under container
self.containers['/' + cname]['files'][blob_name] = node
return self.containers['/' + cname]
return None
def _get_file(self, path):
d, f = self._parse_path(path)
dir = self._get_dir(d, True)
if dir is not None and f in dir['files']:
return dir['files'][f]
def getattr(self, path, fh=None):
d, f = self._parse_path(path)
if f is None:
dir = self._get_dir(d)
return dir['stat']
else:
file = self._get_file(path)
if file:
return file
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
# FUSE
def mkdir(self, path, mode):
if path.count('/') <= 1: # create on root
name = path[1:]
if not 3 <= len(name) <= 63:
log.error("Container names can be 3 through 63 chars long.")
raise FuseOSError(ENAMETOOLONG)
if name is not name.lower():
log.error("Container names cannot contain uppercase \
characters.")
raise FuseOSError(EACCES)
if name.count('--') > 0:
log.error('Container names cannot contain consecutive \
dashes (-).')
raise FuseOSError(EAGAIN)
#TODO handle all "-"s must be preceded by letter or numbers
#TODO starts with only letter or number, can contain letter, nr,'-'
resp = self.blobs.create_container(name)
if resp:
self.rebuild_container_list()
log.info("CONTAINER %s CREATED" % name)
else:
raise FuseOSError(EACCES)
log.error("Invalid container name or container already \
exists.")
else:
raise FuseOSError(ENOSYS) # TODO support 2nd+ level mkdirs
def rmdir(self, path):
if path.count('/') == 1:
c_name = path[1:]
resp = self.blobs.delete_container(c_name)
if resp:
if path in self.containers:
del self.containers[path]
else:
raise FuseOSError(EACCES)
else:
raise FuseOSError(ENOSYS) # TODO support 2nd+ level mkdirs
def create(self, path, mode):
node = dict(st_mode=(S_IFREG | mode), st_size=0, st_nlink=1,
st_uid=getuid(), st_mtime=time.time())
d, f = self._parse_path(path)
if not f:
log.error("Cannot create files on root level: /")
raise FuseOSError(ENOSYS)
dir = self._get_dir(d, True)
if not dir:
raise FuseOSError(EIO)
dir['files'][f] = node
return self.open(path, data='') # reusing handler provider
def open(self, path, flags=0, data=None):
if data == None: # download contents
c_name = self.parse_container(path)
f_name = path[path.find('/', 1) + 1:]
try:
data = self.blobs.get_blob(c_name, f_name)
except AzureMissingResourceHttpError:
dir = self._get_dir('/' + c_name, True)
if f_name in dir['files']:
del dir['files'][f_name]
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
except AzureException as e:
log.error("Read blob failed HTTP %d" % e.code)
raise FuseOSError(EAGAIN)
self.fd += 1
self.fds[self.fd] = (path, data, False)
return self.fd
def flush(self, path, fh=None):
if not fh:
raise FuseOSError(EIO)
else:
if fh not in self.fds:
raise FuseOSError(EIO)
path = self.fds[fh][0]
data = self.fds[fh][1]
dirty = self.fds[fh][2]
if not dirty:
return 0 # avoid redundant write
d, f = self._parse_path(path)
c_name = self.parse_container(path)
if data is None:
data = ''
try:
if len(data) < 64 * 1024 * 1024: # 64 mb
self.blobs.put_blob(c_name, f, data, 'BlockBlob')
else:
# divide file by blocks and upload
block_size = 8 * 1024 * 1024
num_blocks = int(math.ceil(len(data) * 1.0 / block_size))
rd = str(random.randint(1, 1e8))
block_ids = list()
for i in range(num_blocks):
part = data[i * block_size:min((i + 1) * block_size,
len(data))]
block_id = base64.encodestring('%s_%s' % (rd,
(8 - len(str(i))) * '0' + str(i)))
self.blobs.put_block(c_name, f, part, block_id)
block_ids.append(block_id)
self.blobs.put_block_list(c_name, f, block_ids)
except AzureException:
raise FuseOSError(EAGAIN)
dir = self._get_dir(d, True)
if not dir or f not in dir['files']:
raise FuseOSError(EIO)
# update local data
dir['files'][f]['st_size'] = len(data)
dir['files'][f]['st_mtime'] = time.time()
self.fds[fh] = (path, data, False) # mark as not dirty
return 0
def release(self, path, fh=None):
if fh is not None and fh in self.fds:
del self.fds[fh]
def truncate(self, path, length, fh=None):
return 0 # assume done, no need
def write(self, path, data, offset, fh=None):
if not fh or fh not in self.fds:
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
else:
d = self.fds[fh][1]
if d is None:
d = ""
self.fds[fh] = (self.fds[fh][0], d[:offset] + data, True)
return len(data)
def unlink(self, path):
c_name = self.parse_container(path)
d, f = self._parse_path(path)
try:
self.blobs.delete_blob(c_name, f)
_dir = self._get_dir(path, True)
if _dir and f in _dir['files']:
del _dir['files'][f]
return 0
except AzureMissingResourceHttpError:
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
except Exception as e:
raise FuseOSError(EAGAIN)
def readdir(self, path, fh):
if path == '/':
return ['.', '..'] + [x[1:] for x in self.containers.keys() \
if x is not '/']
dir = self._get_dir(path, True)
if not dir:
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
return ['.', '..'] + dir['files'].keys()
def read(self, path, size, offset, fh):
if not fh or fh not in self.fds:
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
f_name = path[path.find('/', 1) + 1:]
c_name = path[1:path.find('/', 1)]
try:
data = self.blobs.get_blob(c_name, f_name)
self.fds[fh] = (self.fds[fh][0], data, False)
return data[offset:offset + size]
except URLError, e:
if e.code == 404:
raise FuseOSError(ENOENT)
elif e.code == 403:
raise FUSEOSError(EPERM)
else:
log.error("Read blob failed HTTP %d" % e.code)
raise FuseOSError(EAGAIN)
data = self.fds[fh][1]
if data is None:
data = ""
return data[offset:offset + size]
def uri_put_file(creds, uri, fp, content_type=None):
assert fp.tell() == 0
assert uri.startswith('wabs://')
def log_upload_failures_on_error(exc_tup, exc_processor_cxt):
def standard_detail_message(prefix=''):
return (prefix + ' There have been {n} attempts to upload '
'file {url} so far.'.format(n=exc_processor_cxt, url=uri))
typ, value, tb = exc_tup
del exc_tup
# Screen for certain kinds of known-errors to retry from
if issubclass(typ, socket.error):
socketmsg = value[1] if isinstance(value, tuple) else value
logger.info(
msg='Retrying upload because of a socket error',
detail=standard_detail_message(
"The socket error's message is '{0}'.".format(socketmsg)))
else:
# For all otherwise untreated exceptions, report them as a
# warning and retry anyway -- all exceptions that can be
# justified should be treated and have error messages
# listed.
logger.warning(
msg='retrying file upload from unexpected exception',
detail=standard_detail_message(
'The exception type is {etype} and its value is '
'{evalue} and its traceback is {etraceback}'.format(
etype=typ,
evalue=value,
etraceback=''.join(traceback.format_tb(tb)))))
# Help Python GC by resolving possible cycles
del tb
# Because we're uploading in chunks, catch rate limiting and
# connection errors which occur for each individual chunk instead of
# failing the whole file and restarting.
@retry(retry_with_count(log_upload_failures_on_error))
def upload_chunk(chunk, block_id):
check_sum = base64.b64encode(md5(chunk).digest()).decode('utf-8')
conn.put_block(url_tup.netloc,
url_tup.path.lstrip('/'),
chunk,
block_id,
content_md5=check_sum)
url_tup = urlparse(uri)
kwargs = dict(x_ms_blob_type='BlockBlob')
if content_type is not None:
kwargs['x_ms_blob_content_type'] = content_type
conn = BlobService(creds.account_name,
creds.account_key,
sas_token=creds.access_token,
protocol='https')
conn.put_blob(url_tup.netloc, url_tup.path.lstrip('/'), b'', **kwargs)
# WABS requires large files to be uploaded in 4MB chunks
block_ids = []
length, index = 0, 0
pool_size = os.getenv('WABS_UPLOAD_POOL_SIZE', 5)
p = gevent.pool.Pool(size=pool_size)
while True:
data = fp.read(WABS_CHUNK_SIZE)
if data:
length += len(data)
block_id = base64.b64encode(
str(index).encode('utf-8')).decode('utf-8')
p.wait_available()
p.spawn(upload_chunk, data, block_id)
block_ids.append(block_id)
index += 1
else:
p.join()
break
conn.put_block_list(url_tup.netloc, url_tup.path.lstrip('/'), block_ids)
# To maintain consistency with the S3 version of this function we must
# return an object with a certain set of attributes. Currently, that set
# of attributes consists of only 'size'
return _Key(size=len(data))