def _quantum_circuit(self, psi, action):
"""
Args:
psi (Tensor([batch_size,N], c64)): batch of states
action (dict, 'alpha' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32),
'beta' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32),
'phi' : Tensor([batch_size,1], tf.float32),
'theta' : Tensor([batch_size,1], tf.float32))
Returns: see parent class docs
"""
# extract parameters
alpha = hf.vec_to_complex(action['alpha'])
beta = hf.vec_to_complex(action['beta'])
phi = action['phi']
Rotation = self.rotate(action['theta'])
Kraus = {}
T = {'a' : self.translate(alpha),
'b' : self.translate(beta/2.0)}
Kraus[0] = 1/2*(tf.linalg.adjoint(T['b']) + self.phase(phi)*T['b'])
Kraus[1] = 1/2*(tf.linalg.adjoint(T['b']) - self.phase(phi)*T['b'])
psi = self.simulate(psi, self.t_feedback)
psi = batch_dot(T['a'], psi)
psi_cached = batch_dot(Rotation, psi)
psi = self.simulate(psi_cached, self.t_round + self.t_idle)
psi_final, msmt = measurement(psi, Kraus)
return psi_final, psi_cached, msmt
def _quantum_circuit(self, psi, action):
"""
Args:
psi (Tensor([batch_size,N], c64)): batch of states
action (dict, 'alpha' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32),
'beta' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32),
'epsilon' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32))
Returns: see parent class docs
"""
# extract parameters
alpha = hf.vec_to_complex(action['alpha'])
beta = hf.vec_to_complex(action['beta'])
epsilon = hf.vec_to_complex(action['epsilon'])
# Construct gates
Hadamard = tf.stack([self.hadamard] * self.batch_size)
sx = tf.stack([self.sx] * self.batch_size)
I = tf.stack([self.I] * self.batch_size)
Rxp = tf.stack([self.rxp] * self.batch_size)
Rxm = tf.stack([self.rxm] * self.batch_size)
T, CT = {}, {}
T['a'] = self.translate(alpha)
T['b'] = self.translate(beta / 4.0)
T['e'] = self.translate(epsilon / 2.0)
CT['b'] = self.ctrl(tf.linalg.adjoint(T['b']), T['b'])
CT['e'] = self.ctrl(tf.linalg.adjoint(T['e']), T['e'])
# Feedback translation
psi_cached = batch_dot(T['a'], psi)
# Between-round wait time
psi = self.simulate(psi_cached, self.t_idle)
# Qubit gates
psi = batch_dot(Hadamard, psi)
# Conditional translation
psi = batch_dot(CT['b'], psi)
psi = self.simulate(psi, self.t_gate)
psi = batch_dot(CT['b'], psi)
# Qubit rotation
psi = batch_dot(Rxp, psi)
# Conditional translation
psi = batch_dot(CT['e'], psi)
# Qubit rotation
psi = batch_dot(Rxm, psi)
# Readout of finite duration
psi = self.simulate(psi, self.t_read)
psi, msmt = measurement(psi, self.P)
psi = self.simulate(psi, self.t_read)
# Feedback delay
psi = self.simulate(psi, self.t_feedback)
# Flip qubit conditioned on the measurement
psi_final = psi * tf.cast((msmt == 1), c64)
psi_final += batch_dot(sx, psi) * tf.cast((msmt == -1), c64)
return psi_final, psi_cached, msmt
def _quantum_circuit(self, psi, action):
"""
Args:
psi (Tensor([batch_size,N], c64)): batch of states
action (dict, 'beta' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32),
'epsilon' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32,
'phi' : Tensor([batch_size,1])))
Returns: see parent class docs
"""
# extract parameters
beta = hf.vec_to_complex(action['beta'])
epsilon = hf.vec_to_complex(action['epsilon'])
phi = tf.squeeze(action['phi'])
# Construct gates
Phase = self.rotate_qb_z(phi)
T, CT = {}, {}
T['b'] = self.translate(beta / 4.0) # 4 because it will be troterized
T['e'] = self.translate(epsilon / 2.0)
CT['b'] = self.ctrl(tf.linalg.adjoint(T['b']), T['b'])
CT['e'] = self.ctrl(tf.linalg.adjoint(T['e']), T['e'])
# Between-round wait time
psi = self.simulate(psi, self.t_idle)
# Rotate qubit to |+> state
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(self.hadamard, psi)
# Troterized conditional translation
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(CT['b'], psi)
psi = self.simulate(psi, self.t_gate)
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(CT['b'], psi)
# Qubit rotation
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(self.rxp, psi)
# Conditional translation
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(CT['e'], psi)
# Qubit rotation
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(self.rxm, psi)
# Troterized conditional translation
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(CT['b'], psi)
psi = self.simulate(psi, self.t_gate)
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(CT['b'], psi)
# Qubit gates
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(Phase, psi)
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(self.hadamard, psi)
# Readout of finite duration
psi = self.simulate(psi, self.t_read)
psi, msmt = measurement(psi, self.P)
psi = self.simulate(psi, self.t_read)
# Feedback delay
psi = self.simulate(psi, self.t_feedback)
# Flip qubit conditioned on the measurement
psi_final = tf.where(msmt == 1, psi, tf.linalg.matvec(self.sx, psi))
return psi_final, psi_final, msmt
def _quantum_circuit(self, psi, action):
"""
Args:
psi (Tensor([batch_size,N], c64)): batch of states
action (dict, 'alpha' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32),
'theta' : Tensor([batch_size,7], tf.float32),
'phi' : Tensor([batch_size,7], tf.float32))
Returns: see parent class docs
"""
# Extract parameters
alpha = hf.vec_to_complex(action['alpha'])
theta = action['theta']
phi = action['phi']
# Build gates
displace = self.displace(alpha)
snap = self.SNAP_miscalibrated(theta, dangle=phi)
# Apply gates
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(displace, psi)
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(snap, psi)
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(tf.linalg.adjoint(displace), psi)
# Readout with feedback to flip the qubit
# psi, msmt = measurement(psi, self.P)
# psi = tf.where(msmt==1, psi, tf.linalg.matvec(self.sx, psi))
return psi, psi, tf.ones((self.batch_size,1))
def fill_buffer_v2(target_state, buffer=[], target_vals=[], samples=1000):
# Distributions for rejection sampling
L = window_size / 2
P = tfp.distributions.Uniform(low=[[-L, -L]] * samples,
high=[[L, L]] * samples)
P_v = tfp.distributions.Uniform(low=[0.0] * samples, high=[1.0] * samples)
# batch rejection sampling of phase space points
cond = True
accepted = tf.zeros([samples], tf.bool)
accepted_points = tf.zeros([samples], tf.complex64)
accepted_targets = tf.zeros([samples], tf.float32)
while cond:
points = tf.squeeze(hf.vec_to_complex(P.sample()))
target_state_translated = tf.linalg.matvec(T(-points), target_state)
W_target = expectation(target_state_translated,
parity,
reduce_batch=False)
W_target = tf.math.real(tf.squeeze(W_target))
reject = P_v.sample() > tf.math.abs(W_target)**2
mask = tf.logical_and(tf.logical_not(reject), tf.logical_not(accepted))
accepted = tf.logical_or(mask, accepted)
accepted_points = tf.where(mask, points, accepted_points)
accepted_targets = tf.where(mask, W_target, accepted_targets)
cond = not tf.reduce_all(accepted)
buffer += list(accepted_points)
target_vals += list(accepted_targets)
return buffer, target_vals
def _quantum_circuit(self, psi, action):
"""
Args:
psi (Tensor([batch_size,N], c64)): batch of states
action (dict, 'beta' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32),
'phi' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32))
Returns: see parent class docs
"""
# Extract parameters
beta = hf.vec_to_complex(action['beta'])
phase, angle = action['phi'][:,0], action['phi'][:,1]
# Construct gates
D = self.displace(beta/2.0)
CD = self.ctrl(D, tf.linalg.adjoint(D))
R = self.rotate_qb_xy(angle, phase)
flip = self.rotate_qb_xy(tf.constant(pi), tf.constant(0))
# Apply gates
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(R, psi)
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(CD, psi)
if self._elapsed_steps < self.T-1:
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(flip, psi)
m = tf.ones((self.batch_size,1))
if self._elapsed_steps == self.T-1:
psi, m = measurement(psi, self.P, sample=True)
return psi, psi, m
def _quantum_circuit(self, psi, action):
"""
Args:
psi (Tensor([batch_size,N], c64)): batch of states
action (dict, 'beta' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32),
'epsilon' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32,
'phi' : Tensor([batch_size,1])))
Returns: see parent class docs
"""
# extract parameters
beta = hf.vec_to_complex(action['beta'])
epsilon = hf.vec_to_complex(action['epsilon'])
phi = action['phi']
Kraus = {}
T = {}
T['+b'] = self.translate(beta/2.0)
T['-b'] = tf.linalg.adjoint(T['+b'])
T['+e'] = self.translate(epsilon/2.0)
T['-e'] = tf.linalg.adjoint(T['+e'])
chunk1 = 1j*batch_dot(T['-b'], batch_dot(T['+e'], T['+b'])) \
- 1j*batch_dot(T['-b'], batch_dot(T['-e'], T['+b'])) \
+ batch_dot(T['-b'], batch_dot(T['-e'], T['-b'])) \
+ batch_dot(T['-b'], batch_dot(T['+e'], T['-b']))
chunk2 = 1j*batch_dot(T['+b'], batch_dot(T['-e'], T['-b'])) \
- 1j*batch_dot(T['+b'], batch_dot(T['+e'], T['-b'])) \
+ batch_dot(T['+b'], batch_dot(T['-e'], T['+b'])) \
+ batch_dot(T['+b'], batch_dot(T['+e'], T['+b']))
Kraus[0] = 1/4*(chunk1 + self.phase(phi)*chunk2)
Kraus[1] = 1/4*(chunk1 - self.phase(phi)*chunk2)
psi = self.simulate(psi, self.t_round + self.t_idle)
psi_final, msmt = measurement(normalize(psi), Kraus)
return psi_final, psi_final, msmt
def count_code_flips(self, action, key):
"""
Compare the 'action[key]' amplitude to one of the amplitudes that flip
the code and increment the corresponding counter of X, Y, or Z flips.
"""
amp = hf.vec_to_complex(action[key])
ref_amps = {'alpha': ['X', 'Y', 'Z'], 'beta': ['S_x', 'S_y', 'S_z']}
for a, b in zip(['X', 'Y', 'Z'], ref_amps[key]):
ref = self.code_map[b]
atol = abs(ref) / 2
self.flips[a] += tf.where(tf.math.abs(amp - ref) < atol, 1, 0)
self.flips[a] += tf.where(tf.math.abs(amp + ref) < atol, 1, 0)
return
def _quantum_circuit(self, psi, action):
"""
Args:
psi (Tensor([batch_size,N], c64)): batch of states
action (dict, 'alpha' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32),
'beta' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32),
'epsilon' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32))
Returns: see parent class docs
"""
# extract parameters
alpha = hf.vec_to_complex(action['alpha'])
beta = hf.vec_to_complex(action['beta'])
epsilon = hf.vec_to_complex(action['epsilon'])
Kraus = {}
T = {}
T['a'] = self.translate(alpha)
T['+b'] = self.translate(beta/2.0)
T['-b'] = tf.linalg.adjoint(T['+b'])
T['+e'] = self.translate(epsilon/2.0)
T['-e'] = tf.linalg.adjoint(T['+e'])
chunk1 = batch_dot(T['-e'], T['-b']) - 1j*batch_dot(T['-e'], T['+b'])
chunk2 = batch_dot(T['+e'], T['-b']) + 1j*batch_dot(T['+e'], T['+b'])
Kraus[0] = 1/2/sqrt(2)*(chunk1 + chunk2)
Kraus[1] = 1/2/sqrt(2)*(chunk1 - chunk2)
psi = self.simulate(psi, self.t_feedback)
psi_cached = batch_dot(T['a'], psi)
psi = self.simulate(psi_cached, self.t_round + self.t_idle)
psi_final, msmt = measurement(psi, Kraus)
return psi_final, psi_cached, msmt
def fill_buffer(target_state, buffer=[], target_vals=[], samples=1000):
# Distributions for rejection sampling
L = window_size / 2
P = tfp.distributions.Uniform(low=[[-L, -L]], high=[[L, L]])
P_v = tfp.distributions.Uniform(low=0.0, high=1.0)
# rejection sampling of phase space points
for i in range(samples):
cond = True
while cond:
point = tf.squeeze(hf.vec_to_complex(P.sample()))
target_state_translated = tf.linalg.matvec(T(-point), target_state)
W_target = expectation(target_state_translated, parity)
W_target = tf.math.real(tf.squeeze(W_target))
cond = P_v.sample() > tf.math.abs(W_target)**2
buffer.append(point)
target_vals.append(W_target)
return buffer, target_vals
def fill_buffer(self, target_state, window_size, tomography, samples=1000):
# Distributions for rejection sampling
L = window_size / 2
P = tfp.distributions.Uniform(low=[[-L, -L]] * samples,
high=[[L, L]] * samples)
P_v = tfp.distributions.Uniform(low=[0.0] * samples,
high=[1.0] * samples)
cond = True
# mask for asynchronous interruption of rejection sampling
accepted = tf.zeros([samples], tf.bool)
accepted_points = tf.zeros([samples], tf.complex64)
accepted_targets = tf.zeros([samples], tf.float32)
# batch rejection sampling of phase space points
while cond:
points = tf.squeeze(hf.vec_to_complex(P.sample()))
if tomography == 'wigner':
target_state_translated = tf.linalg.matvec(
self.translate(-points), target_state)
W_target = expectation(target_state_translated,
self.parity,
reduce_batch=False)
target = tf.math.real(tf.squeeze(W_target))
if tomography == 'characteristic_fn':
C_target = expectation(target_state,
self.translate(-points),
reduce_batch=False)
target = tf.math.real(tf.squeeze(C_target))
reject = P_v.sample() > tf.math.abs(target)
# mask which streams should be interrupted at this iteration
mask = tf.logical_and(tf.logical_not(reject),
tf.logical_not(accepted))
accepted = tf.logical_or(mask, accepted)
accepted_points = tf.where(mask, points, accepted_points)
accepted_targets = tf.where(mask, target, accepted_targets)
cond = not tf.reduce_all(accepted)
buffer = list(accepted_points)
target_vals = list(accepted_targets)
return buffer, target_vals
def _quantum_circuit(self, psi, action):
"""
Args:
psi (Tensor([batch_size,N], c64)): batch of states
action (dict, 'alpha' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32),
'theta' : Tensor([batch_size,10], tf.float32))
Returns: see parent class docs
"""
# Extract parameters
alpha = hf.vec_to_complex(action['alpha'])
theta = action['theta']
# Build gates
displace = self.displace(alpha)
snap = self.SNAP_miscalibrated(theta)
# Apply gates
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(displace, psi)
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(snap, psi)
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(tf.linalg.adjoint(displace), psi)
# Either implement a measurement with a random qubit projection, or
# project on the specified 'self.bit_string' sequence of qubit states.
if self.bit_string is not None:
s = int(self.bit_string[self._elapsed_steps])
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(self.P[s], psi)
if s == 1: psi = tf.linalg.matvec(self.sx, psi)
psi, norm = normalize(psi)
self.norms.append(norm)
msmt = tf.ones((self.batch_size,1)) * (1 if s==0 else -1)
else: # Readout with feedback to flip the qubit
psi, msmt = measurement(psi, self.P)
psi = tf.where(msmt==1, psi, tf.linalg.matvec(self.sx, psi))
return psi, psi, msmt
def _quantum_circuit(self, psi, action):
"""
Args:
psi (Tensor([batch_size,N], c64)): batch of states
action (dict, 'alpha' : Tensor([batch_size,2], tf.float32),
'theta' : Tensor([batch_size,7], tf.float32))
Returns: see parent class docs
"""
# Extract parameters
alpha = hf.vec_to_complex(action['alpha'])
theta = action['theta']
# Build gates
displace = self.displace(alpha)
snap = self.SNAP(theta)
# Apply gates
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(displace, psi)
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(snap, psi)
psi = tf.linalg.matvec(tf.linalg.adjoint(displace), psi)
return psi, psi, tf.ones((self.batch_size, 1))