def handler_dataset_landing_page_fallback(scraper, this_dataset_page, tree):
"""
At time of writing there's an issue with the latest version of datasets 404'ing on the
versions page.
this function will create what the latest version should be, using the information on the
base dataset landing page.
"""
logging.warning(
"Using fallback logic to scrape latest distribution from dataset landing page (rather "
"than previous page). This scrape will only have a single distribution of xls."
)
this_distribution = Distribution(scraper)
release_date = this_dataset_page["description"]["releaseDate"]
this_distribution.issued = parse(release_date.strip()).date()
# gonna have to go via html ...
download_url = tree.xpath("//a[text()='xls']/@href")
this_distribution.downloadURL = download_url
media_type = Excel
this_distribution.mediaType = media_type
this_distribution.title = scraper.dataset.title
this_distribution.description = scraper.dataset.description
this_distribution.contactPoint = scraper.dataset.contactPoint
logging.debug(
"Created distribution for download '{}'.".format(download_url))
scraper.distributions.append(this_distribution)
def scrape(scraper, tree):
"""
Scraper for https://www.lowcarboncontracts.uk/data-portal/dataset/*
Example: https://www.lowcarboncontracts.uk/data-portal/dataset/actual-ilr-income
"""
article = assert_get_one(tree.xpath('//article'), "article element")
title_element = assert_get_one(article.xpath('./div/h1'), 'title element')
scraper.dataset.title = title_element.text.strip()
description_elements = article.xpath('./div/div/p')
scraper.dataset.description = "\n\n".join(
[x.text.strip() for x in description_elements])
issued_element = assert_get_one(
article.xpath('./div/section/table/tbody/tr[1]/td/span'),
"issued element")
scraper.dataset.issued = parse(issued_element.text.split("(")[0].strip())
scraper.dataset.license = "http://reference.data.gov.uk/id/open-government-licence"
for resource in assert_get_one(article.xpath('./div/section[1]/ul[1]'),
"resource list").xpath('./li/a'):
distro = Distribution(scraper)
url = f'https://www.lowcarboncontracts.uk/{resource.get("href")}'
resp = scraper.session.get(url)
if resp.status_code != 200:
raise Exception(f'Failed to get url resource {url}')
distro_tree = html.fromstring(resp.text)
section = assert_get_one(
distro_tree.xpath(
'/html[1]/body[1]/div[3]/div[1]/div[3]/section[1]'),
"section of distro")
distro_title_element = assert_get_one(section.xpath('./div/h1'),
"distro title")
distro.title = distro_title_element.text
distro_description_element = assert_get_one(
section.xpath('./div/div/blockquote[1]'), "distro description")
distro.description = distro_description_element.text
distro_download_url_element = assert_get_one(
section.xpath('./div/p/a'), "download url")
distro.downloadURL = distro_download_url_element.text
# Note: issued is the one thing not in the "section" element, so xpathing the whole distro tree
distro_issued_element = assert_get_one(
distro_tree.xpath('//table[1]/tbody[1]/tr[2]/td[1]'), "issued")
distro.issued = parse(distro_issued_element.text)
media_type, _ = mimetypes.guess_type(distro.downloadURL)
distro.mediaType = media_type if media_type is not None else CSV # the default/not-specified offering is csv
scraper.distributions.append(distro)
def opendata_nhs(scraper, tree):
# TODO - this feels more like a catalogue than a list of distributions, investigate
# Populate the dataset
details = tree.xpath('//tr/td[@class="dataset-details"]')
dates = tree.xpath('//span[@class="automatic-local-datetime"]/text()')
date_updated = parse(" ".join([
x.replace("\n", "").replace("(BST)", "").strip()
for x in dates[0].split(" ")
]))
date_created = parse(" ".join([
x.replace("\n", "").replace("(BST)", "").strip()
for x in dates[1].split(" ")
]))
# Populate distributions
distro_resources = tree.xpath('//li[@class="resource-item"]')
for dr in distro_resources:
download = dr.xpath(
'div/ul/li/a[contains(@class, "resource-url-analytics")]/@href')[0]
# Need to go to the preview page for full description and title as they've helpfully truncated both...
preview_url = "https://www.opendata.nhs.scot" + dr.xpath(
'div/ul[@class="dropdown-menu"]/li/a/@href')[0]
r = scraper.session.get(preview_url)
if r.status_code != 200:
raise Exception(
"Unable to follow url to get full description, url: '{}', status code '{}'."
.format(preview_url, r.status_code))
preview_tree = html.fromstring(r.text)
description1 = preview_tree.xpath(
'//div[contains(@class, "prose notes")]/p/text()')[0]
# Some (but not all) descriptions have some additional itallic information
try:
description2 = preview_tree.xpath(
'//div[contains(@class, "prose notes")]/p/em/text()')[0]
except IndexError:
description2 = ""
description = description1 + "\n\n" + description2
description.strip("\n")
title = preview_tree.xpath('//title/text()')[0]
this_distribution = Distribution(scraper)
this_distribution.issued = date_updated
this_distribution.downloadURL = download
this_distribution.mediaType = CSV
this_distribution.title = title.strip()
this_distribution.description = description
scraper.distributions.append(this_distribution)
def handler_static_adhoc(scraper, landing_page, tree):
# A static adhoc is a one-off unscheduled release
# These pages should be simpler and should lack the historical distributions
for download in landing_page["downloads"]:
title = download["title"]
file = download["file"]
# Create an empty Distribution object to represent this distribution
# from here we're just looking to fill in it's fields
this_distribution = Distribution(scraper)
# if we can't get the release date, continue but throw a warning.
try:
this_distribution.issued = parse(
landing_page["description"]["releaseDate"]).date()
except KeyError:
logging.warning("Unable to acquire or parse release date")
download_url = ONS_DOWNLOAD_PREFIX + landing_page["uri"] + "/" + file
this_distribution.downloadURL = download_url
# TODO - we're doing this in two place, pull it out
# we've had some issues with type-guessing so we're getting the media type
# by checking the download url ending
if download_url.endswith(".csdb"):
media_type = CSDB
elif download_url.endswith(".csv"):
media_type = CSV
elif download_url.endswith(".xlsx"):
media_type = Excel
elif download_url.endswith(".ods"):
media_type = ODS
else:
media_type, _ = mimetypes.guess_type(download_url)
this_distribution.mediaType = media_type
this_distribution.title = title
# inherit metadata from the dataset where it hasn't explicitly been changed
this_distribution.description = scraper.dataset.description
logging.debug(
"Created distribution for download '{}'.".format(download_url))
scraper.distributions.append(this_distribution)
def handler_dataset_landing_page(scraper, landing_page, tree):
# A dataset landing page has uri's to one or more datasets via it's "datasets" field.
# We need to look at each in turn, this is an example one as json:
# https://www.ons.gov.uk//businessindustryandtrade/internationaltrade/datasets/uktradeingoodsbyclassificationofproductbyactivity/current/data
for dataset_page_url in landing_page["datasets"]:
# Get the page as json. Throw an information error if we fail for whatever reason
dataset_page_json_url = ONS_PREFIX + dataset_page_url["uri"] + "/data"
r = scraper.session.get(dataset_page_json_url)
if r.status_code != 200:
raise ValueError("Scrape of url '{}' failed with status code {}." \
.format(dataset_page_json_url, r.status_code))
# get the response json into a python dict
this_dataset_page = r.json()
# start a list of dataset versions (to hold current + all previous) as a list
# we'll start with just the current/latest version
versions_list = [ONS_PREFIX + this_dataset_page["uri"] + "/data"]
# if there are older versions of this datasets availible.
# iterate and add their uri's to the versions list
try:
for version_as_dict in this_dataset_page["versions"]:
versions_list.append(ONS_PREFIX + version_as_dict["uri"] +
"/data")
except KeyError:
logging.debug(
"No older versions found for {}.".format(dataset_page_url))
# NOTE - we've had an issue with the very latest dataset not being updated on the previous versions
# page (the page we're getting the distributions from) so we're taking the details for it from
# the landing page to use as a fallback in that scenario.
# iterate through the lot, we're aiming to create at least one distribution object for each
for i, version_url in enumerate(versions_list):
logging.debug(
"Identified distribution url, building distribution object for: "
+ version_url)
r = scraper.session.get(version_url)
if r.status_code != 200:
# If we've got a 404 on the latest, fallback on using the details from the
# landing page instead
if r.status_code == 404 and i == len(versions_list) - 1:
handler_dataset_landing_page_fallback(
scraper, this_dataset_page, tree)
continue
else:
raise Exception("Scraper unable to acquire the page: {} with http code {}." \
.format(version_url, r.status_code))
# get the response json into a python dict
this_page = r.json()
# Get the download urls, if there's more than 1 format of this version of the dataset
# each forms a separate distribution
distribution_formats = this_page["downloads"]
for dl in distribution_formats:
# Create an empty Distribution object to represent this distribution
# from here we're just looking to fill in it's fields
this_distribution = Distribution(scraper)
# Every distribution SHOULD have a release date, but it seems they're not
# always included. If it happens continue but throw a warning.
try:
release_date = this_page["description"]["releaseDate"]
this_distribution.issued = parse_as_local_date(
release_date.strip())
except KeyError:
logging.warning(
"Download {}. Of datasset versions {} of dataset {} does not have "
"a release date".format(distribution_formats,
version_url, dataset_page_url))
# I don't trust dicts with one constant field (they don't make sense), so just in case...
try:
download_url = ONS_DOWNLOAD_PREFIX + this_page[
"uri"] + "/" + dl["file"].strip()
this_distribution.downloadURL = download_url
except:
# raise up this time. If we don't have a downloadURL it's not much use
raise ValueError("Unable to create complete download url for {} on page {}" \
.format(dl, version_url))
# we've had some issues with type-guessing so we're getting the media type
# by checking the download url ending
if download_url.endswith(".csdb"):
media_type = CSDB
elif download_url.endswith(".csv"):
media_type = CSV
elif download_url.endswith(".xlsx"):
media_type = Excel
elif download_url.endswith(".ods"):
media_type = ODS
else:
media_type, _ = mimetypes.guess_type(download_url)
this_distribution.mediaType = media_type
# inherit metadata from the dataset where it hasn't explicitly been changed
this_distribution.title = scraper.dataset.title
this_distribution.description = scraper.dataset.description
logging.debug("Created distribution for download '{}'.".format(
download_url))
scraper.distributions.append(this_distribution)
def scrape(scraper, tree):
# A quick safety in case people are using this scraper incorrectly
if "?search=" not in scraper.uri:
raise Exception(
"""Aborting. This scraper is intended to run off the DCNI seach page.
Please modify your url to use the site search.
If in doubt, work from this page, change the quoted search text and capture the url
https://www.communities-ni.gov.uk/publications/topic/8182?search=%22Northern+Ireland+Housing+Bulletin%22&Search-exposed-form=Go&sort_by=field_published_date
""")
scraper.dataset.publisher = GOV[
'department-for-communities-northern-ireland']
scraper.dataset.license = 'http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-" \
"government-licence/version/3/'
# We're taking each search result as a distribution
search_result_urls = []
for linkObj in tree.xpath("//h3/a"):
# linkObj.items() is eg ("href", "www.foo.com") where we want a url
href = [x[1] for x in linkObj.items() if x[0] == "href"][0]
# Add to distributions url list, get the root from the original url
search_result_urls.append(
scraper.uri.split("/publications/topic")[0] + href)
# keep track of dates issued so we can find the latest
last_issued = None
for url in search_result_urls:
# Get the distribution page
page = scraper.session.get(url)
distro_tree = html.fromstring(page.text)
# Get any spreadsheets (ods or excel) linked on the page
spreadsheet_files = [
x for x in distro_tree.xpath('//a/@href')
if x.lower().endswith(".ods") or x.lower().endswith(".xlsx")
]
# Now map them together, so we have the supporting info for each relevent download
# TODO - make better, kinda nasty
title_download_map = {}
for spreadsheet_file in spreadsheet_files:
# Create our new distribution object
this_distribution = Distribution(scraper)
# Identify the correct title
this_distribution.title = distro_tree.xpath(
"//a[@href='" + spreadsheet_file +
"']/text()".format(spreadsheet_file))[0]
this_distribution.downloadURL = spreadsheet_file
if this_distribution.downloadURL.lower().endswith(".xlsx"):
media_type = Excel
elif this_distribution.downloadURL.lower().endswith(".ods"):
media_type = ODS
else:
raise Exception(
"Aborting. Unexpected media type for url: '{}'".format(
this_distribution.downloadURL))
this_distribution.mediaType = media_type
# Published and modifed time
this_distribution.issued = isoparse(
distro_tree.xpath(
"//*[@property='article:published_time']/@content")
[0]).date()
this_distribution.modified = isoparse(
distro_tree.xpath(
"//*[@property='article:modified_time']/@content")
[0]).date()
this_distribution.description = distro_tree.xpath(
"//*[@class='field-summary']/p/text()")[0]
if last_issued is None:
last_issued = this_distribution.issued
elif this_distribution.issued > last_issued:
last_issued = this_distribution.issued
scraper.distributions.append(this_distribution)
# Whatever date the latest distribution was issued, is the last issued date for this "dataset"
scraper.dataset.issued = last_issued
def handler_dataset_landing_page(scraper, landing_page, tree):
# A dataset landing page has uri's to one or more datasets via it's "datasets" field.
# We need to look at each in turn, this is an example one as json:
# https://www.ons.gov.uk//businessindustryandtrade/internationaltrade/datasets/uktradeingoodsbyclassificationofproductbyactivity/current/data
for dataset_page_url in landing_page["datasets"]:
this_dataset_page = get_dict_from_json_url(ONS_PREFIX + dataset_page_url["uri"] + "/data", scraper)
# create a list, with each entry a dict of a versions url and update date
versions_dict_list = []
# Where the dataset is versioned, use the versions as the distributions
try:
all_versions = this_dataset_page["versions"]
except KeyError:
all_versions = []
# Release dates:
# --------------
# ONS does this odd thing where each version on the /data api
# has a updateDate field which is actually the date THE DATA
# WAS SUPERCEDED (so the release fate of the NEXT version of the data).
# ......this takes a bit of unpicking.
# If no initial release date for the dataset has been provided
# We're just going to ignore v1, we don't have a use for it
# and with no provided release date ... not a lot to be done
initial_release = this_dataset_page["description"].get("releaseDate", None)
next_release = None
# Where there's multiple versions, iterate all and populate a list
if len(all_versions) != 0:
try:
for version_as_dict in all_versions:
if next_release is None:
release_date = initial_release
else:
release_date = next_release
if release_date is not None:
versions_dict_list.append({
"url": ONS_PREFIX + version_as_dict["uri"] + "/data",
"issued": release_date
})
next_release = version_as_dict["updateDate"]
except KeyError:
logging.debug("No older versions found for {}.".format(dataset_page_url))
# Add the current release
versions_dict_list.append({
"url": ONS_PREFIX + this_dataset_page["uri"] + "/data",
"issued": initial_release if next_release is None else next_release
})
# NOTE - we've had an issue with the very latest dataset not being updated on the previous versions
# page (the page we're getting the distributions from) so we're taking the details for it from
# the landing page to use as a fallback in that scenario.
# iterate through the lot, we're aiming to create at least one distribution object for each
for i, version_dict in enumerate(versions_dict_list):
version_url = version_dict["url"]
issued = version_dict["issued"]
logging.debug("Identified distribution url, building distribution object for: " + version_url)
# get the response json into a python dict
this_page = get_dict_from_json_url(version_url, scraper)
# Get the download urls, if there's more than 1 format of this version of the dataset
# each forms a separate distribution
distribution_formats = this_page["downloads"]
for dl in distribution_formats:
# Create an empty Distribution object to represent this distribution
# from here we're just looking to fill in it's fields
this_distribution = Distribution(scraper)
this_distribution.issued = parse_as_local_date(issued)
# I don't trust dicts with one constant field (they don't make sense), so just in case...
try:
download_url = ONS_DOWNLOAD_PREFIX + this_page["uri"] + "/" + dl["file"].strip()
this_distribution.downloadURL = download_url
except:
# Throw a warning and abandon this distribution, ff we don't have a downloadURL it's not much use
logging.warning("Unable to create complete download url for {} on page {}"
.format(dl, version_url))
continue
# we've had some issues with type-guessing so we're getting the media type
# by checking the download url ending
if download_url.endswith(".csdb"):
media_type = CSDB
else:
media_type, _ = mimetypes.guess_type(download_url)
this_distribution.mediaType = media_type
# inherit metadata from the dataset where it hasn't explicitly been changed
this_distribution.title = scraper.dataset.title
this_distribution.description = scraper.dataset.description
logging.debug("Created distribution for download '{}'.".format(download_url))
scraper.distributions.append(this_distribution)
def scrape(scraper, tree):
"""
This is a scraper intended to use the ONS cmd (customise my data) functionality.
:param scraper: the Scraper object
:param landing_page: lxml tree
:return:
"""
dataset_document = request_json_data(scraper, scraper.uri)
scraper.dataset.title = dataset_document["id"]
scraper.dataset.description = dataset_document["description"]
# Need to get issued from the assciated publication
publication_document = request_json_data(
scraper, dataset_document["publications"][0]["href"] + "/data")
scraper.dataset.issued = parse(
publication_document["description"]["releaseDate"])
# Only take next release it its a date
try:
next_release = parse(dataset_document["next_release"])
scraper.dataset.updateDueOn = next_release
except:
pass # it's fine, "unknown" etc
# Theoretically you can have more than one contact, but I'm just taking the first
scraper.dataset.contactPoint = "mailto:" + dataset_document["contacts"][0][
"email"].strip()
scraper.dataset.publisher = 'https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/office-for-national-statistics'
scraper.dataset.license = "http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/"
edition_documents = request_json_data(scraper, scraper.uri + "/editions")
for edition_document in edition_documents["items"]:
edition_name = edition_document["edition"]
version_documents = request_json_data(
scraper, edition_document["links"]["versions"]["href"])
for version_document in version_documents["items"]:
version_name = str(version_document["version"])
this_distribution = Distribution(scraper)
this_distribution.issued = version_document["release_date"]
this_distribution.downloadURL = version_document["downloads"][
"csv"]["href"]
this_distribution.mediaType = CSV
this_distribution.title = scraper.dataset.title + ", {}, version {}".format(
edition_name, version_name)
this_distribution.description = scraper.dataset.description
this_distribution.contactPoint = scraper.dataset.contactPoint
logging.debug("Created distribution for download '{}'.".format(
this_distribution.downloadURL))
scraper.distributions.append(this_distribution)