def _get_max_identity(dtype):
if dtypes.issubdtype(dtype, np.inexact):
return np.array(-np.inf, dtype)
elif dtypes.issubdtype(dtype, np.integer):
return np.array(dtypes.iinfo(dtype).min, dtype)
elif dtypes.issubdtype(dtype, np.bool_):
return np.array(False, np.bool_)
def _get_min_identity(dtype):
if dtypes.issubdtype(dtype, np.inexact):
return np.array(np.inf, dtype)
elif dtypes.issubdtype(dtype, np.integer):
return np.array(dtypes.iinfo(dtype).max, dtype)
elif dtypes.issubdtype(dtype, np.bool_):
return np.array(True, np.bool_)
def testIsSubdtype(self):
for t in scalar_types:
self.assertTrue(dtypes.issubdtype(t, t))
self.assertTrue(dtypes.issubdtype(np.dtype(t).type, t))
self.assertTrue(dtypes.issubdtype(t, np.dtype(t).type))
if t != jnp.bfloat16:
for category in [np.generic, jnp.inexact, jnp.integer, jnp.signedinteger,
jnp.unsignedinteger, jnp.floating, jnp.complexfloating]:
self.assertEqual(dtypes.issubdtype(t, category),
np.issubdtype(np.dtype(t).type, category))
self.assertEqual(dtypes.issubdtype(t, category),
np.issubdtype(np.dtype(t).type, category))
def _check_input_dtype_jacfwd(holomorphic, x):
_check_arg(x)
aval = core.get_aval(x)
if holomorphic:
if not (dtypes.issubdtype(aval.dtype, np.complexfloating)
and not dtypes.issubdtype(aval.dtype, np.floating)):
raise TypeError(
"jacfwd with holomorphic=True requires inputs with complex dtype, "
f"but got {aval.dtype.name}.")
elif not dtypes.issubdtype(aval.dtype, np.floating):
raise TypeError(
"jacfwd requires real-valued inputs (input dtype that is "
f"a sub-dtype of np.floating), but got {aval.dtype.name}. "
"For holomorphic differentiation, pass holomorphic=True. "
"For differentiation of non-holomorphic functions involving complex "
"inputs or integer inputs, use jax.jvp directly.")
def closure_convert(fun, in_tree, in_avals):
if config.omnistaging_enabled:
wrapped_fun, out_tree = flatten_fun_nokwargs(lu.wrap_init(fun),
in_tree)
jaxpr, out_pvals, consts = pe.trace_to_jaxpr_dynamic(
wrapped_fun, in_avals)
else:
in_pvals = [pe.PartialVal.unknown(aval) for aval in in_avals]
wrapped_fun, out_tree = flatten_fun_nokwargs(lu.wrap_init(fun),
in_tree)
with core.initial_style_staging(): # type: ignore
jaxpr, out_pvals, consts = pe.trace_to_jaxpr(
wrapped_fun, in_pvals, instantiate=True,
stage_out=False) # type: ignore
out_tree = out_tree()
# We only want to closure convert for constants with respect to which we're
# differentiating. As a proxy for that, we hoist consts with float dtype.
# TODO(mattjj): revise this approach
is_float = lambda c: dtypes.issubdtype(dtypes.dtype(c), jnp.inexact)
(closure_consts, hoisted_consts), merge = partition_list(is_float, consts)
num_consts = len(hoisted_consts)
def converted_fun(y, t, *hconsts_args):
hoisted_consts, args = split_list(hconsts_args, [num_consts])
consts = merge(closure_consts, hoisted_consts)
all_args, in_tree2 = tree_flatten((y, t, *args))
assert in_tree == in_tree2
out_flat = core.eval_jaxpr(jaxpr, consts, *all_args)
return tree_unflatten(out_tree, out_flat)
return converted_fun, hoisted_consts
def _check_output_dtype_jacfwd(holomorphic, x):
aval = core.get_aval(x)
if holomorphic:
if not dtypes.issubdtype(aval.dtype, np.complexfloating):
raise TypeError(
"jacfwd with holomorphic=True requires outputs with complex dtype, "
f"but got {aval.dtype.name}.")
def _psum_translation_rule(c, *args, replica_groups=None, platform=None):
if platform in ("cpu", "tpu"):
return _notuple_psum_translation_rule(c, *args, replica_groups=replica_groups)
# XLA's tuple all-reduce doesn't support different dtypes in the same
# allreduce. Instead, we perform once all-reduce for each argument input type.
args_by_type = collections.defaultdict(lambda: ([], []))
for i, arg in enumerate(args):
indices, dtype_args = args_by_type[c.get_shape(arg).numpy_dtype()]
indices.append(i)
dtype_args.append(arg)
# The outputs, in the original argument order.
out = [None] * len(args)
replica_groups_protos = xc.make_replica_groups(replica_groups)
for dtype, (indices, dtype_args) in sorted(args_by_type.items()):
is_complex = dtypes.issubdtype(dtype, onp.complexfloating)
n = len(dtype_args)
if is_complex:
dtype_args = ([xops.Real(x) for x in dtype_args] +
[xops.Imag(x) for x in dtype_args])
scalar = ShapedArray((), c.get_shape(dtype_args[0]).numpy_dtype())
computation = xla.primitive_subcomputation(lax.add_p, scalar, scalar)
all_reduce = xops.AllReduce(xops.Tuple(c, dtype_args), computation,
replica_groups_protos, None, None)
if is_complex:
xs = [xops.Complex(xops.GetTupleElement(all_reduce, i),
xops.GetTupleElement(all_reduce, n + i)) for i in range(n)]
else:
xs = [xops.GetTupleElement(all_reduce, i) for i in range(n)]
for i, x in zip(indices, xs):
out[i] = x
return xops.Tuple(c, out)
def _translate(val):
psum = partial(_allreduce_translation_rule, lax.add_p, c,
replica_groups=replica_groups)
dtype = c.get_shape(val).numpy_dtype()
if dtypes.issubdtype(dtype, onp.complexfloating):
return xops.Complex(psum(xops.Real(val)), psum(xops.Imag(val)))
else:
return psum(val)
def _psum_translation_rule(c, val, replica_groups, backend=None):
psum = partial(_allreduce_translation_rule, lax.add_p, c,
replica_groups=replica_groups, backend=backend)
dtype = c.GetShape(val).numpy_dtype()
if dtypes.issubdtype(dtype, onp.complexfloating):
return c.Complex(psum(c.Real(val)), psum(c.Imag(val)))
else:
return psum(val)
def _translate(val):
psum = partial(_allreduce_translation_rule, lax.add_p, c,
axis_name=axis_name, axis_env=axis_env,
axis_index_groups=axis_index_groups, platform=platform)
dtype = c.get_shape(val).numpy_dtype()
if dtypes.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating):
return xops.Complex(psum(xops.Real(val)), psum(xops.Imag(val)))
else:
return psum(val)
def test_div(self, harness: primitive_harness.Harness):
dividend, divisor = harness.dyn_args_maker(self.rng())
prim = harness.params["prim"]
if dtypes.issubdtype(dividend.dtype, np.integer):
if (prim is lax.div_p
and np.any(divisor == np.array(0, dtype=divisor.dtype))):
raise unittest.SkipTest(
"Divisor contains a 0, and TF returns an error value in compiled "
"mode instead of failing like in eager and graph mode for dtype "
f"{divisor.dtype}")
self.ConvertAndCompare(harness.dyn_fun, dividend, divisor)
def _allreduce_translation_rule(prim, c, *args, axis_name, axis_index_groups,
axis_env, platform):
if platform in ("cpu", "tpu"):
return _notuple_allreduce_translation_rule(
prim,
c,
*args,
axis_name=axis_name,
axis_index_groups=axis_index_groups,
axis_env=axis_env,
platform=platform)
# XLA's tuple all-reduce doesn't support different dtypes in the same
# allreduce. Instead, we perform once all-reduce for each argument input type.
args_by_type = collections.defaultdict(lambda: ([], []))
for i, arg in enumerate(args):
indices, dtype_args = args_by_type[c.get_shape(arg).numpy_dtype()]
indices.append(i)
dtype_args.append(arg)
# The outputs, in the original argument order.
out = [None] * len(args)
replica_groups = _replica_groups(axis_env, axis_name, axis_index_groups)
replica_groups_protos = xc.make_replica_groups(replica_groups)
for dtype, (indices, dtype_args) in sorted(args_by_type.items()):
is_complex = dtypes.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating)
n = len(dtype_args)
if is_complex and prim is lax.add_p:
# TODO(b/141575627): we handle complex-dtype sum-reduction directly as a
# special case because it's not currently handled by XLA:GPU
dtype_args = ([xops.Real(x) for x in dtype_args] +
[xops.Imag(x) for x in dtype_args])
scalar = ShapedArray((), c.get_shape(dtype_args[0]).numpy_dtype())
computation = xla.primitive_subcomputation(prim, scalar, scalar)
all_reduce = xops.AllReduce(xops.Tuple(c, dtype_args), computation,
replica_groups_protos, None, None)
if is_complex and prim is lax.add_p:
xs = [
xops.Complex(xops.GetTupleElement(all_reduce, i),
xops.GetTupleElement(all_reduce, n + i))
for i in range(n)
]
else:
xs = [xops.GetTupleElement(all_reduce, i) for i in range(n)]
for i, x in zip(indices, xs):
out[i] = x
return xops.Tuple(c, out)
def _notuple_allreduce_translation_rule(prim, c, *args, axis_name, axis_env,
axis_index_groups, platform):
def all_reduce(x):
replica_groups_protos = xc.make_replica_groups(
_replica_groups(axis_env, axis_name, axis_index_groups))
scalar = ShapedArray((), c.get_shape(x).numpy_dtype())
computation = xla.primitive_subcomputation(prim, scalar, scalar)
return xops.AllReduce(x, computation, replica_groups_protos, None, None)
if prim is not lax.add_p:
outs = [all_reduce(x) for x in args]
else:
# TODO(b/141575627): we handle complex-dtype sum-reduction directly as a
# special case because it's not currently handled by XLA:GPU
outs = [xops.Complex(all_reduce(xops.Real(x)), all_reduce(xops.Imag(x)))
if dtypes.issubdtype(c.get_shape(x).numpy_dtype(), np.complexfloating)
else all_reduce(x) for x in args]
return xops.Tuple(c, outs)
class LaxVmapTest(jtu.JaxTestCase):
def _CheckBatching(self,
op,
bdim_size,
bdims,
shapes,
dtypes,
rng,
rtol=None,
atol=None):
batched_shapes = map(partial(add_bdim, bdim_size), bdims, shapes)
args = [
rng(shape, dtype) for shape, dtype in zip(batched_shapes, dtypes)
]
args_slice = args_slicer(args, bdims)
ans = api.vmap(op, bdims)(*args)
expected = onp.stack([op(*args_slice(i)) for i in range(bdim_size)])
self.assertAllClose(ans, expected, rtol=rtol, atol=atol)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
itertools.chain.from_iterable(
jtu.cases_from_list(
{
"testcase_name":
"{}_bdims={}".format(
jtu.format_test_name_suffix(
rec.op, shapes, itertools.repeat(dtype)), bdims),
"op_name":
rec.op,
"rng_factory":
rec.rng_factory,
"shapes":
shapes,
"dtype":
dtype,
"bdims":
bdims,
"tol":
rec.tol
} for shape_group in compatible_shapes
for shapes in CombosWithReplacement(shape_group, rec.nargs)
for bdims in all_bdims(*shapes) for dtype in rec.dtypes)
for rec in LAX_OPS))
def testOp(self, op_name, rng_factory, shapes, dtype, bdims, tol):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
op = getattr(lax, op_name)
self._CheckBatching(op,
10,
bdims,
shapes, [dtype] * len(shapes),
rng,
atol=tol,
rtol=tol)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_lhs_shape={}_rhs_shape={}_strides={}_padding={}_lhs_dilation={}_"
"rhs_dilation={}_dims={}_feature_group_count={}_batch_group_count={}"
"_lhs_bdim={}_rhs_bdim={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(lhs_shape, dtype),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(rhs_shape, dtype), strides,
padding, lhs_dil, rhs_dil, ",".join(dim_nums),
feature_group_count, batch_group_count, lhs_bdim, rhs_bdim),
"lhs_shape":
lhs_shape,
"rhs_shape":
rhs_shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"strides":
strides,
"padding":
padding,
"lhs_dil":
lhs_dil,
"rhs_dil":
rhs_dil,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory,
"dimension_numbers":
dim_nums,
"perms":
perms,
"lhs_bdim":
lhs_bdim,
"rhs_bdim":
rhs_bdim,
"feature_group_count":
feature_group_count,
"batch_group_count":
batch_group_count,
} for batch_group_count, feature_group_count in ([(1, 1), (2, 1), (1,
2)])
for lhs_shape, rhs_shape, all_strides, all_pads,
lhs_dils, rhs_dils in [
(
(b * batch_group_count,
i * feature_group_count, 6,
7), # lhs_shape
(j * batch_group_count *
feature_group_count, i, 1,
2), # rhs_shape
[(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1)], # strides
[((0, 0),
(0, 0)), ((1, 0),
(0, 1)), ((0, -1),
(0, 0))], # pads
[(1, 1), (2, 1)], # lhs_dils
[(1, 1), (2, 2)]) # rhs_dils
for b, i, j in itertools.product([1, 2],
repeat=3)
] for strides in all_strides
for rhs_dil in rhs_dils for lhs_dil in lhs_dils
for dtype in [onp.float32] for padding in all_pads
for dim_nums, perms in [(("NCHW", "OIHW", "NCHW"),
([0, 1, 2, 3],
[0, 1, 2, 3])),
(("NHWC", "HWIO", "NHWC"),
([0, 2, 3, 1],
[2, 3, 1, 0])),
(("NHWC", "OIHW", "NCHW"),
([0, 2, 3, 1],
[0, 1, 2, 3]))]
for lhs_bdim in itertools.chain(
[cast(Optional[int], None)],
range(len(lhs_shape) + 1))
for rhs_bdim in itertools.chain(
[cast(Optional[int], None)],
range(len(rhs_shape) + 1))
if (lhs_bdim, rhs_bdim) != (None, None)
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testConvGeneralDilatedBatching(self, lhs_shape, rhs_shape, dtype,
strides, padding, lhs_dil, rhs_dil,
dimension_numbers, perms,
feature_group_count, batch_group_count,
lhs_bdim, rhs_bdim, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
tol = 1e-1 if dtypes.finfo(dtype).bits <= 32 else 1e-3
# permute shapes to match dim_spec, scale by feature_group_count
lhs_perm, rhs_perm = perms
lhs_shape = list(onp.take(lhs_shape, lhs_perm))
rhs_shape = list(onp.take(rhs_shape, rhs_perm))
conv = partial(lax.conv_general_dilated,
window_strides=strides,
padding=padding,
lhs_dilation=lhs_dil,
rhs_dilation=rhs_dil,
dimension_numbers=dimension_numbers,
feature_group_count=feature_group_count,
batch_group_count=batch_group_count,
precision=lax.Precision.HIGHEST)
self._CheckBatching(conv,
5, (lhs_bdim, rhs_bdim), (lhs_shape, rhs_shape),
(dtype, dtype),
rng,
rtol=tol,
atol=tol)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_shape={}_from_dtype={}_to_dtype={}_bdims={}".format(
shape, from_dtype, to_dtype, bdims),
"shape":
shape,
"from_dtype":
from_dtype,
"to_dtype":
to_dtype,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for from_dtype, to_dtype in itertools.product(
[onp.float32, onp.int32, "float32", "int32"], repeat=2)
for shape in [(2, 3)] for bdims in all_bdims(shape)
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testConvertElementType(self, shape, from_dtype, to_dtype, bdims,
rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
op = lambda x: lax.convert_element_type(x, to_dtype)
self._CheckBatching(op, 10, bdims, (shape, ), (from_dtype, ), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_shape={}_from_dtype={}_to_dtype={}_bdims={}".format(
shape, from_dtype, to_dtype, bdims),
"shape":
shape,
"from_dtype":
from_dtype,
"to_dtype":
to_dtype,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for from_dtype, to_dtype in itertools.product(
[onp.float32, onp.int32, "float32", "int32"], repeat=2)
for shape in [(2, 3)] for bdims in all_bdims(shape)
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testBitcastElementType(self, shape, from_dtype, to_dtype, bdims,
rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
op = lambda x: lax.bitcast_convert_type(x, to_dtype)
self._CheckBatching(op, 10, bdims, (shape, ), (from_dtype, ), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list(
{
"testcase_name":
"_min_shape={}_operand_shape={}_max_shape={}_bdims={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(min_shape, dtype),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(operand_shape, dtype),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(max_shape, dtype), bdims),
"min_shape":
min_shape,
"operand_shape":
operand_shape,
"max_shape":
max_shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for min_shape, operand_shape, max_shape in [
[(), (2, 3), ()],
[(2, 3), (2, 3), ()],
[(), (2, 3), (2, 3)],
[(2, 3), (2, 3), (2, 3)],
] for dtype in default_dtypes
for bdims in all_bdims(min_shape, operand_shape, max_shape)
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testClamp(self, min_shape, operand_shape, max_shape, dtype, bdims,
rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
raise SkipTest(
"batching rule for clamp not implemented") # TODO(mattj)
shapes = [min_shape, operand_shape, max_shape]
self._CheckBatching(lax.clamp, 10, bdims, shapes, [dtype] * 3, rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_lhs_shape={}_rhs_shape={}_bdims={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(lhs_shape, dtype),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(rhs_shape, dtype), bdims),
"lhs_shape":
lhs_shape,
"rhs_shape":
rhs_shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for lhs_shape in [(3, ), (4, 3)] for rhs_shape in [(3, ), (3, 6)]
for bdims in all_bdims(lhs_shape, rhs_shape)
for dtype in default_dtypes
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testDot(self, lhs_shape, rhs_shape, dtype, bdims, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
op = partial(lax.dot, precision=lax.Precision.HIGHEST)
self._CheckBatching(op,
5,
bdims, (lhs_shape, rhs_shape), (dtype, dtype),
rng,
rtol={
onp.float16: 5e-2,
onp.float64: 5e-14
})
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_lhs_shape={}_rhs_shape={}_lhs_contracting={}_rhs_contracting={}_bdims={}"
.format(jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(lhs_shape, dtype),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(rhs_shape, dtype),
lhs_contracting, rhs_contracting, bdims),
"lhs_shape":
lhs_shape,
"rhs_shape":
rhs_shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"lhs_contracting":
lhs_contracting,
"rhs_contracting":
rhs_contracting,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for lhs_shape, rhs_shape, lhs_contracting, rhs_contracting in [
[(3, 5), (2, 5), [1], [1]],
[(5, 3), (5, 2), [0], [0]],
[(5, 3, 2), (5, 2, 4), [0], [0]],
[(5, 3, 2), (5, 2, 4), [0, 2], [0, 1]],
[(1, 2, 2, 3), (1, 2, 3, 1), [1], [1]],
[(3, 2), (2, 4), [1], [0]],
] for bdims in all_bdims(lhs_shape, rhs_shape)
for dtype in default_dtypes
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_small]))
def testDotGeneralContractOnly(self, lhs_shape, rhs_shape, dtype,
lhs_contracting, rhs_contracting, bdims,
rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
dimension_numbers = ((lhs_contracting, rhs_contracting), ([], []))
dot = partial(lax.dot_general, dimension_numbers=dimension_numbers)
self._CheckBatching(dot, 5, bdims, (lhs_shape, rhs_shape),
(dtype, dtype), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_lhs_shape={}_rhs_shape={}_dimension_numbers={}_bdims={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(lhs_shape, dtype),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(rhs_shape, dtype),
dimension_numbers, bdims),
"lhs_shape":
lhs_shape,
"rhs_shape":
rhs_shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"dimension_numbers":
dimension_numbers,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for lhs_shape, rhs_shape, dimension_numbers in [
((3, 3, 2), (3, 2, 4), (([2], [1]), ([0], [0]))),
((3, 4, 2, 4), (3, 4, 3, 2), (([2], [3]), ([0, 1], [0, 1]))),
] for bdims in all_bdims(lhs_shape, rhs_shape)
for dtype in default_dtypes
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_small]))
def testDotGeneralContractAndBatch(self, lhs_shape, rhs_shape, dtype,
dimension_numbers, bdims, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
dot = partial(lax.dot_general, dimension_numbers=dimension_numbers)
self._CheckBatching(dot, 5, bdims, (lhs_shape, rhs_shape),
(dtype, dtype), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_shape={}_dtype={}_broadcast_sizes={}_bdims={}".format(
shape,
onp.dtype(dtype).name, broadcast_sizes, bdims),
"shape":
shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"broadcast_sizes":
broadcast_sizes,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for shape in [(), (2, 3)] for dtype in default_dtypes
for broadcast_sizes in [(), (2, ), (1, 2)]
for bdims in all_bdims(shape)
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testBroadcast(self, shape, dtype, broadcast_sizes, bdims, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
op = lambda x: lax.broadcast(x, broadcast_sizes)
self._CheckBatching(op, 5, bdims, (shape, ), (dtype, ), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_inshape={}_outshape={}_bcdims={}_bdims={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(inshape, dtype), outshape,
broadcast_dimensions, bdims),
"inshape":
inshape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"outshape":
outshape,
"dimensions":
broadcast_dimensions,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for inshape, outshape, broadcast_dimensions in [
([2], [2, 2], [0]),
([2], [2, 2], [1]),
([2], [2, 3], [0]),
([], [2, 3], []),
] for dtype in default_dtypes for bdims in all_bdims(inshape)
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testBroadcastInDim(self, inshape, dtype, outshape, dimensions, bdims,
rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
raise SkipTest("this test has failures in some cases") # TODO(mattjj)
op = lambda x: lax.broadcast_in_dim(x, outshape, dimensions)
self._CheckBatching(op, 5, bdims, (inshape, ), (dtype, ), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_inshape={}_dimensions={}_bdims={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(arg_shape, onp.float32),
dimensions, bdims),
"arg_shape":
arg_shape,
"dimensions":
dimensions,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for arg_shape, dimensions in [
[(1, ), (0, )],
[(1, ), (-1, )],
[(2, 1, 4), (1, )],
[(2, 1, 4), (-2, )],
[(2, 1, 3, 1), (1, )],
[(2, 1, 3, 1), (1, 3)],
[(2, 1, 3, 1), (3, )],
[(2, 1, 3, 1), (1, -1)],
] for bdims in all_bdims(arg_shape)
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testSqueeze(self, arg_shape, dimensions, bdims, rng_factory):
dtype = onp.float32
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
op = lambda x: lax.squeeze(x, dimensions)
self._CheckBatching(op, 10, bdims, (arg_shape, ), (dtype, ), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list(
{
"testcase_name":
"_inshape={}_outshape={}_dims={}_bdims={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(arg_shape, dtype),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(out_shape, dtype),
dimensions, bdims),
"arg_shape":
arg_shape,
"out_shape":
out_shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"dimensions":
dimensions,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for dtype in default_dtypes
for arg_shape, dimensions, out_shape in [[(3, 4), None, (
12, )], [(2, 1, 4), None, (8, )], [(2, 2, 4), None, (
2, 8)], [(2, 2,
4), (0, 1,
2), (2, 8)], [(2, 2, 4), (1, 0, 2), (
8, 2)], [(2, 2, 4), (2, 1, 0), (4, 2,
2)]]
for bdims in all_bdims(arg_shape)
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testReshape(self, arg_shape, out_shape, dtype, dimensions, bdims,
rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
op = lambda x: lax.reshape(x, out_shape, dimensions=dimensions)
self._CheckBatching(op, 10, bdims, (arg_shape, ), (dtype, ), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_inshape={}_pads={}_bdims={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype), pads, bdims),
"shape":
shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"pads":
pads,
"rng_factory":
jtu.rand_small,
"bdims":
bdims
} for shape in [(2, 3)] for bdims in all_bdims(shape)
for dtype in default_dtypes
for pads in [[(1, 2, 1), (0, 1, 0)]]))
def testPad(self, shape, dtype, pads, bdims, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
fun = lambda operand: lax.pad(operand, onp.array(0, dtype), pads)
self._CheckBatching(fun, 5, bdims, (shape, ), (dtype, ), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list(
{
"testcase_name":
"_predshape={}_argshapes={}_bdims={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(pred_shape, onp.bool_),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(arg_shape, arg_dtype),
bdims),
"pred_shape":
pred_shape,
"arg_shape":
arg_shape,
"arg_dtype":
arg_dtype,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
}
for arg_shape in [(), (3, ), (2, 3)]
for pred_shape in ([(), arg_shape] if arg_shape else [()])
for bdims in all_bdims(pred_shape, arg_shape, arg_shape)
for arg_dtype in default_dtypes
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testSelect(self, pred_shape, arg_shape, arg_dtype, bdims, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
op = lambda c, x, y: lax.select(c < 0, x, y)
self._CheckBatching(op, 5, bdims, (
pred_shape,
arg_shape,
arg_shape,
), (onp.bool_, arg_dtype, arg_dtype), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_shape={}_start_indices={}_limit_indices={}_strides={}_bdims={}".
format(jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype), start_indices,
limit_indices, strides, bdims),
"shape":
shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"starts":
start_indices,
"limits":
limit_indices,
"strides":
strides,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for shape, start_indices, limit_indices, strides in [
[(3, ), (1, ), (2, ), None],
[(7, ), (4, ), (7, ), None],
[(5, ), (1, ), (5, ), (2, )],
[(8, ), (1, ), (6, ), (2, )],
[(5, 3), (1, 1), (3, 2), None],
[(5, 3), (1, 1), (3, 1), None],
[(7, 5, 3), (4, 0, 1), (7, 1, 3), None],
[(5, 3), (1, 1), (2, 1), (1, 1)],
[(5, 3), (1, 1), (5, 3), (2, 1)],
] for bdims in all_bdims(shape) for dtype in default_dtypes
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testSlice(self, shape, dtype, starts, limits, strides, bdims,
rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
op = lambda x: lax.slice(x, starts, limits, strides)
self._CheckBatching(op, 5, bdims, (shape, ), (dtype, ), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_shape={}_perm={}_bdims={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype), perm, bdims),
"shape":
shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"perm":
perm,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for shape, perm in [
[(3, 4), (1, 0)],
[(3, 4), (0, 1)],
[(3, 4, 5), (2, 1, 0)],
[(3, 4, 5), (1, 0, 2)],
] for bdims in all_bdims(shape) for dtype in default_dtypes
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testTranspose(self, shape, dtype, perm, bdims, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
op = lambda x: lax.transpose(x, perm)
self._CheckBatching(op, 5, bdims, (shape, ), (dtype, ), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_op={}_inshape={}_reducedims={}_initval={}_bdims={}".format(
op.__name__, jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype), dims,
init_val, bdims),
"op":
op,
"init_val":
init_val,
"shape":
shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"dims":
dims,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for init_val, op, dtypes in [
(0, lax.add, default_dtypes),
(1, lax.mul, default_dtypes),
(0, lax.max, all_dtypes), # non-monoidal
(-onp.inf, lax.max, float_dtypes),
(dtypes.iinfo(onp.int32).min, lax.max, [onp.int32]),
(dtypes.iinfo(onp.int64).min, lax.max, [onp.int64]),
(dtypes.iinfo(onp.uint32).min, lax.max, [onp.uint32]),
(dtypes.iinfo(onp.uint64).min, lax.max, [onp.uint64]),
(onp.inf, lax.min, float_dtypes),
(dtypes.iinfo(onp.int32).max, lax.min, [onp.int32]),
(dtypes.iinfo(onp.int64).max, lax.min, [onp.int64]),
(dtypes.iinfo(onp.uint32).max, lax.min, [onp.uint32]),
(dtypes.iinfo(onp.uint64).max, lax.min, [onp.uint64]),
] for dtype in dtypes for shape, dims in [[(3, 4, 5), (
0, )], [(3, 4, 5), (1, 2)], [(3, 4,
5), (0, 2)], [(3, 4, 5), (0, 1, 2)]]
for bdims in all_bdims(shape)
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_small]))
def testReduce(self, op, init_val, shape, dtype, dims, bdims, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
init_val = onp.asarray(init_val, dtype=dtype)
fun = lambda operand: lax.reduce(operand, init_val, op, dims)
self._CheckBatching(fun, 5, bdims, (shape, ), (dtype, ), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_op={}_dtype={}_padding={}".format(op.__name__,
onp.dtype(dtype).name,
padding),
"op":
op,
"init_val":
init_val,
"dtype":
dtype,
"padding":
padding,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for init_val, op, dtypes in [
(0, lax.add, [onp.float32]),
(-onp.inf, lax.max, [onp.float32]),
(onp.inf, lax.min, [onp.float32]),
] for dtype in dtypes for padding in ["VALID", "SAME"]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_small]))
def testReduceWindow(self, op, init_val, dtype, padding, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
init_val = onp.asarray(init_val, dtype=dtype)
all_configs = itertools.chain(
itertools.product([(4, 6)], [(2, 1), (1, 2)], [(1, 1), (2, 1),
(1, 2)]),
itertools.product([(3, 2, 4, 6)], [(1, 1, 2, 1), (2, 1, 2, 1)],
[(1, 2, 2, 1), (1, 1, 1, 1)]))
def fun(operand):
return lax.reduce_window(operand, init_val, op, dims, strides,
padding)
for shape, dims, strides in all_configs:
for bdims in all_bdims(shape):
self._CheckBatching(fun, 3, bdims, (shape, ), (dtype, ), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list(
{
"testcase_name":
"_op={}_shape={}_axis={}_bdims={}".format(
op.__name__, jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype),
axis, bdims),
"op":
op,
"shape":
shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"bdims":
bdims,
"axis":
axis,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for op, types in [
(lax.cumsum, [onp.float32, onp.float64]),
(lax.cumprod, [onp.float32, onp.float64]),
] for dtype in types for shape in [[10], [3, 4, 5]]
for axis in range(len(shape)) for bdims in all_bdims(shape)
for rng_factory in [
jtu.rand_default if dtypes.issubdtype(dtype, onp.integer
) else jtu.rand_small
]))
def testCumulativeReduce(self, op, shape, dtype, axis, bdims, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
self._CheckBatching(partial(op, axis=axis), 7, bdims, (shape, ),
(dtype, ), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_dtype={}_padding={}".format(onp.dtype(dtype).name, padding),
"dtype":
dtype,
"padding":
padding,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for dtype in float_dtypes for padding in ["VALID", "SAME"]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_small]))
@jtu.skip_on_flag("jax_skip_slow_tests", True)
@jtu.ignore_warning(message="Using reduced precision for gradient.*")
def testSelectAndGatherAdd(self, dtype, padding, rng_factory):
if jtu.device_under_test() == "tpu" and dtype == dtypes.bfloat16:
raise SkipTest(
"bfloat16 _select_and_gather_add doesn't work on tpu")
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
all_configs = itertools.chain(
itertools.product([(4, 6)], [(2, 1), (1, 2)], [(1, 1), (2, 1),
(1, 2)]),
itertools.product([(3, 2, 4, 6)], [(1, 1, 2, 1), (2, 1, 2, 1)],
[(1, 2, 2, 1), (1, 1, 1, 1)]))
def fun(operand, tangents):
return lax._select_and_gather_add(operand, tangents, lax.ge_p,
dims, strides, padding)
for shape, dims, strides in all_configs:
for bdims in all_bdims(shape, shape):
self._CheckBatching(fun, 3, bdims, (shape, shape),
(dtype, dtype), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_shape={}_bdims={}_fft_ndims={}".format(shape, bdims, fft_ndims),
"shape":
shape,
"bdims":
bdims,
"fft_ndims":
fft_ndims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for shape in [(5, ), (3, 4, 5), (2, 3, 4, 5)]
for bdims in all_bdims(shape)
for fft_ndims in range(0,
min(3, len(shape)) + 1)
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
@jtu.skip_on_devices("tpu") # TODO(b/137993701): unimplemented cases.
def testFft(self, fft_ndims, shape, bdims, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
ndims = len(shape)
axes = range(ndims - fft_ndims, ndims)
fft_lengths = [shape[axis] for axis in axes]
op = lambda x: lax.fft(x, xla_client.FftType.FFT, fft_lengths)
self._CheckBatching(op, 5, bdims, [shape], [onp.complex64], rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_shape={}_idxs={}_dnums={}_slice_sizes={}_bdims={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype), idxs, dnums,
slice_sizes, bdims),
"shape":
shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"idxs":
idxs,
"dnums":
dnums,
"slice_sizes":
slice_sizes,
"bdims":
bdims
} for dtype in all_dtypes for shape, idxs, dnums, slice_sizes in [
((5, ), onp.array([[0], [2]]),
lax.GatherDimensionNumbers(offset_dims=(),
collapsed_slice_dims=(0, ),
start_index_map=(0, )), (1, )),
((10, ), onp.array([[0], [0], [0]]),
lax.GatherDimensionNumbers(offset_dims=(1, ),
collapsed_slice_dims=(),
start_index_map=(0, )), (2, )),
((
10,
5,
), onp.array([[0], [2], [1]]),
lax.GatherDimensionNumbers(offset_dims=(1, ),
collapsed_slice_dims=(0, ),
start_index_map=(0, )), (1, 3)),
((10, 5), onp.array([[0, 2], [1, 0]]),
lax.GatherDimensionNumbers(offset_dims=(1, ),
collapsed_slice_dims=(0, ),
start_index_map=(0, 1)), (1, 3)),
] for bdims in all_bdims(shape, idxs.shape)))
def testGather(self, shape, dtype, idxs, dnums, slice_sizes, bdims):
fun = partial(lax.gather,
dimension_numbers=dnums,
slice_sizes=slice_sizes)
self._CheckBatching(fun, 5, bdims, [shape, idxs.shape],
[dtype, idxs.dtype], jtu.rand_default(self.rng()))
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list(
{
"testcase_name":
"_shape={}_idxs={}_update={}_dnums={}_bdims={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(arg_shape, dtype), idxs,
update_shape, dnums, bdims),
"arg_shape":
arg_shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"idxs":
idxs,
"update_shape":
update_shape,
"dnums":
dnums,
"bdims":
bdims
} for dtype in float_dtypes
for arg_shape, idxs, update_shape, dnums in [
((5, ), onp.array([[0], [2]]), (2, ),
lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(update_window_dims=(),
inserted_window_dims=(0, ),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(
0, ))),
((10, ), onp.array([[0], [0], [0]]), (3, 2),
lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(update_window_dims=(1, ),
inserted_window_dims=(),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(
0, ))),
((
10,
5,
), onp.array([[0], [2], [1]]), (3, 3),
lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(update_window_dims=(1, ),
inserted_window_dims=(0, ),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(
0, ))),
] for bdims in all_bdims(arg_shape, idxs.shape, update_shape)))
def testScatterAdd(self, arg_shape, dtype, idxs, update_shape, dnums,
bdims):
fun = partial(lax.scatter_add, dimension_numbers=dnums)
self._CheckBatching(fun,
5,
bdims, [arg_shape, idxs.shape, update_shape],
[dtype, idxs.dtype, dtype],
jtu.rand_default(self.rng()),
rtol={onp.float16: 5e-3})
def testShapeUsesBuiltinInt(self):
x = lax.iota(onp.int32, 3) + 1
self.assertIsInstance(x.shape[0], int) # not np.int64
def testBroadcastShapesReturnsPythonInts(self):
shape1, shape2 = (1, 2, 3), (2, 3)
out_shape = lax.broadcast_shapes(shape1, shape2)
self.assertTrue(all(type(s) is int for s in out_shape))
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list(
{
"testcase_name":
"_shape={}_k={}_bdims={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype), k, bdims),
"shape":
shape,
"dtype":
dtype,
"k":
k,
"bdims":
bdims,
"rng_factory":
rng_factory
} for shape in [(4, ), (3, 5, 3)] for k in [1, 3]
for bdims in all_bdims(shape)
# TODO(b/155170120): test with repeats once the XLA:CPU stable top_k bug is fixed:
# The top_k indices for integer arrays with identical entries won't match between
# vmap'd version and manual reference, so only test unique integer arrays for int_dtypes.
# Note also that we chose 3 * 5 * 3 * 5 such that it fits in the range of
# values a bfloat16 can represent exactly to avoid ties.
for dtype, rng_factory in itertools.chain(
unsafe_zip(float_dtypes +
int_dtypes, itertools.repeat(jtu.rand_unique_int))))
)
def testTopK(self, shape, dtype, k, bdims, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
# _CheckBatching doesn't work with tuple outputs, so test outputs separately.
op1 = lambda x: lax.top_k(x, k=k)[0]
self._CheckBatching(op1, 5, bdims, (shape, ), (dtype, ), rng)
op2 = lambda x: lax.top_k(x, k=k)[1]
self._CheckBatching(op2, 5, bdims, (shape, ), (dtype, ), rng)
@parameterized.named_parameters(
jtu.cases_from_list({
"testcase_name":
"_shape={}_dimension={}_arity={}_bdims={}_isstable={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, onp.float32), dimension,
arity, bdims, is_stable),
"shape":
shape,
"dimension":
dimension,
"arity":
arity,
"bdims":
bdims,
"is_stable":
is_stable
} for shape in [(2, 3)] for dimension in [0, 1] for arity in range(3)
for bdims in all_bdims(*((shape, ) * arity))
for is_stable in [False, True]))
def testSort(self, shape, dimension, arity, bdims, is_stable):
rng = jtu.rand_default(self.rng())
if arity == 1:
fun = partial(lax.sort, dimension=dimension)
self._CheckBatching(fun, 5, bdims, (shape, ) * arity,
(onp.float32, ) * arity, rng)
else:
for i in range(arity):
fun = lambda *args, i=i: lax.sort(
args, dimension=dimension, is_stable=is_stable)[i]
self._CheckBatching(fun, 5, bdims, (shape, ) * arity,
(onp.float32, ) * arity, rng)
def categorize(prim: core.Primitive, *args, **kwargs) \
-> List[Limitation]:
"""
Given a primitive and a set of parameters one would like to pass to it,
categorize identifies the potential limitations the call would encounter when
converted to TF through jax2tf.
Args:
prim: the primitive to call.
args: the arguments to pass to prim.
kwargs: the keyword arguments to pass to prim.
Returns:
A list of limitations
"""
limitations: List[Limitation] = []
all_devices = ["CPU", "GPU", "TPU"]
def _report_failure(error_type: str, msg: str,
affected_dtype: Optional[NpDType] = None,
devs: Sequence[str] = all_devices) -> None:
affected_dtypes = (
tuple([affected_dtype]) if affected_dtype is not None else tuple())
limitations.append(Limitation(prim.name, error_type, msg,
affected_dtypes, tuple(devs)))
def tf_unimpl(np_dtype: Optional[NpDType] = None,
additional_msg: Optional[str] = None,
devs: Sequence[str] = all_devices) -> None:
msg = "Primitive is unimplemented in TF"
if additional_msg:
msg += '; ' + additional_msg
_report_failure(CATEGORY_MISSING_TF_SUPPORT, msg, np_dtype, devs=devs)
def tf_possible_incorrect(np_dtype: Optional[NpDType] = None,
msg: str = "",
devs: Sequence[str] = all_devices) -> None:
_report_failure(CATEGORY_POSSIBLE_INCORRECT_RESULTS, msg, np_dtype, devs=devs)
def _to_np_dtype(dtype) -> NpDType:
try:
dtype = to_jax_dtype(dtype)
except:
pass
return np.dtype(dtype)
if args and args[0] is not core.unit:
np_dtype = _to_np_dtype(args[0].dtype)
else:
np_dtype = None
if prim is lax.regularized_incomplete_beta_p:
if np_dtype in [np.float16, dtypes.bfloat16]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
if prim in [lax.reduce_min_p, lax.reduce_max_p]:
if np_dtype in [np.complex64, np.complex128]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
if prim in [lax.min_p, lax.max_p, lax.reduce_window_min_p,
lax.reduce_window_max_p]:
if np_dtype in [np.bool_, np.int8, np.uint16, np.uint32, np.uint64,
np.complex64, np.complex128]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
if prim is lax.div_p:
if np_dtype in [np.uint8, np.uint16, np.uint32, np.uint64,
np.int8, np.int16]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
elif dtypes.issubdtype(np_dtype, np.integer):
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, additional_msg=("integer division fails if the "
"divisor contains a 0"))
if prim is lax.rem_p:
if np_dtype in [np.uint8, np.uint16, np.uint32, np.uint64,
np.int8, np.int16, np.float16]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
elif dtypes.issubdtype(np_dtype, np.integer):
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, additional_msg=("integer division fails if the "
"divisor contains a 0"))
if prim is lax.atan2_p and np_dtype in [np.float16, dtypes.bfloat16]:
# b/158006398: TF kernels are missing for 'rem' and 'atan2'
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
if prim is lax.nextafter_p:
if np_dtype in [np.float16, dtypes.bfloat16]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
if prim is lax.linalg.cholesky_p:
if np_dtype in [np.complex64, np.complex128]:
# See https://github.com/google/jax/pull/3775#issuecomment-659407824;
# experimental_compile=True breaks for complex types.
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, additional_msg=("this is a problem only in compiled "
"mode (experimental_compile=True))"))
if prim is lax.linalg.qr_p:
if np_dtype in [np.complex64, np.complex128]:
# See https://github.com/google/jax/pull/3775#issuecomment-659407824;
# experimental_compile=True breaks for complex types.
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, additional_msg=("this is a problem only in compiled "
"mode (experimental_compile=True))"))
if prim is lax.linalg.eig_p:
tf_unimpl(additional_msg=("this is a problem only in compiled mode "
"(experimental_compile=True))"))
compute_left_eigenvectors = kwargs['compute_left_eigenvectors']
compute_right_eigenvectors = kwargs['compute_right_eigenvectors']
if compute_left_eigenvectors and compute_right_eigenvectors:
tf_unimpl(additional_msg=("it is not possible to request both left and "
"right eigenvectors for now"))
if prim is lax.linalg.eigh_p:
if np_dtype in [np.complex64, np.complex128]:
# See https://github.com/google/jax/pull/3775#issuecomment-659407824;
# experimental_compile=True breaks for complex types.
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, additional_msg=("this is a problem only in compiled "
"mode (experimental_compile=True))"))
if prim is lax.linalg.lu_p:
if np_dtype == np.complex64:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, devs=["TPU"])
if prim is lax.linalg.triangular_solve_p:
if np_dtype in [dtypes.bfloat16, np.float16]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
if prim is lax.linalg.svd_p:
if np_dtype in [dtypes.bfloat16]:
# TODO: SVD on TPU for bfloat16 seems to work for JAX but fails for TF
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, devs=["TPU"])
elif np_dtype in [np.complex64, np.complex128]:
# TODO: on CPU and GPU "No registered 'Svd' OpKernel for XLA_CPU_JIT
# devices". Works on JAX because JAX uses a custom implementation.
# There exists a XlaSvd operation that could replace tf.linalg.svd in
# these cases but complex numbers support is not implemented in XLA yet,
# and the API of XlaSvd is different than the one in JAX/TF, which also
# limits its useability (e.g. no full_matrices argument, …).
additional_msg = ("this works on JAX because JAX uses a custom "
"implementation")
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, additional_msg=additional_msg, devs=["CPU", "GPU"])
if prim is lax.select_and_scatter_add_p:
if np_dtype in [np.uint64, np.uint32, np.uint16]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
if prim is lax.select_and_gather_add_p:
# TODO: the conversion is only supported for float16/float32 on CPU/GPU,
# and float16 on TPU. This is because we do not implement a precision
# reduction in the case where packing 2 n-bit values together results in
# more than the maximum number of bits allowed on the platform (64 on
# CPU/GPU, 32 on TPU). This could be fixed by implementing a variadic
# reduce_window in tfxla, or we can require the user to reduce the
# precision of their arrays manually based on the platform they run on.
devices_and_max_bits = [ (["CPU", "GPU"], 64)
, (["TPU"], 32)
]
for devs, max_bits in devices_and_max_bits:
if dtypes.finfo(np_dtype).bits * 2 > max_bits:
# TODO: getting an exception "XLA encountered an HLO for which this
# rewriting is not implemented"
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, devs=devs)
if prim in [lax.add_p, lax.reduce_window_sum_p]:
if np_dtype in [np.uint16, np.uint32, np.uint64]:
# TODO(bchetioui): tf.math.add is not defined for the above types.
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
if prim is lax.mul_p:
if np_dtype in [np.uint32, np.uint64]:
# TODO(bchetioui): tf.math.multiply is not defined for the above types.
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
if prim is lax.sort_p:
if np_dtype in [np.complex64, np.complex128]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
if np_dtype == np.bool_ and len(args) == 2:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, additional_msg=(
"sorting 2 arrays where the first one is an array of booleans is not "
"supported for XlaSort"))
if kwargs["is_stable"]:
tf_unimpl(additional_msg="stable sort not implemented for XlaSort")
if kwargs["dimension"] != len(np.shape(args[0])) - 1:
tf_unimpl(additional_msg="only sorting on last dimension is supported "
"for XlaSort")
if len(args) > 2:
tf_unimpl(additional_msg=(
"sorting more than 2 arrays is not supported for XlaSort"))
if prim is lax.population_count_p:
if np_dtype in [np.uint32, np.uint64]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
if prim is lax.clamp_p:
if np_dtype in [np.int8, np.uint16, np.uint32, np.uint64]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
# Testing with matmul (TODO: comment out and test without matmul)
if prim is lax.dot_general_p:
np_dtype = _to_np_dtype(args[0].dtype)
if np_dtype in [np.bool, np.uint8, np.uint16, np.uint32, np.uint64,
np.int8]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
elif np_dtype == np.int16:
# TODO(bchetioui): the path using 'einsum' is not compatible with int16
# arguments on CPU/GPU, while the one using 'matmul' is (but not in
# compiled mode).
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, additional_msg=("only cases representable as 2D "
"matrix multiplication can be "
"converted properly"),
devs=['CPU', 'GPU'])
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, devs=['TPU'])
elif np_dtype in [np.int16, np.int64]:
devs = ['CPU'] if np_dtype == np.int16 else ['CPU', 'GPU']
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, additional_msg=("this is a problem only in compiled "
"mode (experimental_compile=True))"),
devs=devs)
if prim is lax.conv_general_dilated_p:
batch_group_count = kwargs['batch_group_count']
if batch_group_count != 1:
tf_unimpl(additional_msg="batch_group_count != 1 unsupported")
if np_dtype in [np.complex64, np.complex128]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, additional_msg="likely bug in the HLO -> LLVM IR "
"lowering of XlaConv")
if prim in [lax.acosh_p, lax.asinh_p, lax.atanh_p, lax.bessel_i0e_p,
lax.bessel_i1e_p, lax.digamma_p, lax.erf_p, lax.erf_inv_p,
lax.erfc_p, lax.lgamma_p, lax.round_p, lax.rsqrt_p]:
if np_dtype == dtypes.bfloat16:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, devs=["CPU", "GPU"])
if prim is lax.convert_element_type_p:
if np_dtype == dtypes.bfloat16:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, devs=["CPU", "GPU"])
if prim in [lax.sinh_p, lax.cosh_p, lax.atanh_p, lax.asinh_p, lax.acosh_p,
lax.erf_inv_p]:
if np_dtype == np.float16:
# b/158006398: float16 support missing from the kernel of the above
# operations.
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
if prim in [lax.le_p, lax.lt_p, lax.ge_p, lax.gt_p]:
if np_dtype in [np.bool_, np.uint16, np.uint32, np.uint64]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype)
if prim is lax.fft_p:
if np_dtype in [np.float64, np.complex128]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, additional_msg=("this is a problem only in compiled "
"mode (experimental_compile=True))"))
if prim is lax.top_k_p:
if np_dtype in [np.float64, np.int64, np.uint64]:
tf_unimpl(np_dtype, additional_msg=("this is a problem only in compiled "
"mode (experimental_compile=True))"))
return limitations
class LaxAutodiffTest(jtu.JaxTestCase):
@parameterized.named_parameters(itertools.chain.from_iterable(
jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": jtu.format_test_name_suffix(
rec.name, shapes, itertools.repeat(dtype)),
"op": rec.op, "rng_factory": rec.rng_factory, "shapes": shapes, "dtype": dtype,
"order": rec.order, "tol": rec.tol}
for shape_group in compatible_shapes
for shapes in CombosWithReplacement(shape_group, rec.nargs)
for dtype in rec.dtypes)
for rec in LAX_GRAD_OPS))
def testOpGrad(self, op, rng_factory, shapes, dtype, order, tol):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
if jtu.device_under_test() == "tpu" and op is lax.pow:
raise SkipTest("pow grad imprecise on tpu")
tol = jtu.join_tolerance(1e-1, tol) if num_float_bits(dtype) == 32 else tol
args = tuple(rng(shape, dtype) for shape in shapes)
check_grads(op, args, order, ["fwd", "rev"], tol, tol)
@parameterized.named_parameters(itertools.chain.from_iterable(
jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_{}_{}".format(rec.op.__name__, special_value),
"op": rec.op, "special_value": special_value, "tol": rec.tol}
for special_value in rec.values)
for rec in LAX_GRAD_SPECIAL_VALUE_TESTS))
def testOpGradSpecialValue(self, op, special_value, tol):
check_grads(op, (special_value,), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], rtol=tol, atol=tol)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_from_dtype={}_to_dtype={}".format(
jtu.dtype_str(from_dtype), jtu.dtype_str(to_dtype)),
"from_dtype": from_dtype, "to_dtype": to_dtype, "rng_factory": rng_factory}
for from_dtype, to_dtype in itertools.product(
float_dtypes + complex_dtypes, repeat=2)
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testConvertElementTypeGrad(self, from_dtype, to_dtype, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
tol = max(jtu.tolerance(to_dtype, jtu.default_gradient_tolerance),
jtu.tolerance(from_dtype, jtu.default_gradient_tolerance))
args = (rng((2, 3), from_dtype),)
convert_element_type = lambda x: lax.convert_element_type(x, to_dtype)
convert_element_type = jtu.ignore_warning(category=onp.ComplexWarning)(
convert_element_type)
check_grads(convert_element_type, args, 2, ["fwd", "rev"], tol, tol, eps=1.)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_shape={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype)),
"shape": shape, "dtype": dtype,
"rng_factory": rng_factory}
for shape in [(), (2, 3)]
for dtype in grad_float_dtypes
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testClampGrad(self, shape, dtype, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
operand = rng(shape, dtype)
low = operand - dtype(10)
high = operand + dtype(10)
# Avoids points near the boundary where the gradient may be inaccurate.
check_grads(lax.clamp, (operand, low, high), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1e-2)
check_grads(lax.clamp, (low, operand, high), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1e-2)
check_grads(lax.clamp, (low, high, operand), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1e-2)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_dim={}_baseshape=[{}]_dtype={}_narrs={}".format(
dim, ",".join(str(d) for d in base_shape), onp.dtype(dtype).name,
num_arrs),
"dim": dim, "base_shape": base_shape, "dtype": dtype,
"num_arrs": num_arrs, "rng_factory": rng_factory}
for num_arrs in [3]
for dtype in float_dtypes
for base_shape in [(4,), (3, 4), (2, 3, 4)]
for dim in range(len(base_shape))
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testConcatenateGrad(self, dim, base_shape, dtype, num_arrs, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
shapes = [base_shape[:dim] + (size,) + base_shape[dim+1:]
for size, _ in zip(itertools.cycle([3, 1, 4]), range(num_arrs))]
operands = tuple(rng(shape, dtype) for shape in shapes)
concatenate = lambda *args: lax.concatenate(args, dim)
check_grads(concatenate, operands, 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1.)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name":
"_lhs_shape={}_rhs_shape={}_strides={}_padding={}"
.format(jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(lhs_shape, dtype),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(rhs_shape, dtype),
strides, padding),
"lhs_shape": lhs_shape, "rhs_shape": rhs_shape, "dtype": dtype,
"strides": strides, "padding": padding, "rng_factory": rng_factory,}
for lhs_shape, rhs_shape, all_strides in itertools.chain(
[((b, i, 3, 4), (j, i, 1, 2), [(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1)])
for b, i, j in itertools.product([2, 3], repeat=3)],
[((4, 2, 1), (3, 2, 1), [(1,)])])
for strides in all_strides
for dtype in float_dtypes
for padding in ["VALID", "SAME"]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_small]))
def testConvGrad(self, lhs_shape, rhs_shape, dtype, strides, padding, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
lhs = rng(lhs_shape, dtype)
rhs = rng(rhs_shape, dtype)
conv = partial(lax.conv, window_strides=strides, padding=padding,
precision=lax.Precision.HIGHEST)
check_grads_bilinear(conv, (lhs, rhs), order=2, modes=["fwd", "rev"],
atol=1e-2, rtol=1e-2)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name":
"_lhs_shape={}_rhs_shape={}_strides={}_padding={}_lhs_dilation={}_"
"rhs_dilation={}"
.format(jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(lhs_shape, dtype),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(rhs_shape, dtype),
strides, padding, lhs_dil, rhs_dil),
"lhs_shape": lhs_shape, "rhs_shape": rhs_shape, "dtype": dtype,
"strides": strides, "padding": padding, "lhs_dil": lhs_dil,
"rhs_dil": rhs_dil, "rng_factory": rng_factory}
for lhs_shape, rhs_shape, all_strides, all_pads, lhs_dils, rhs_dils in
itertools.chain(
[((b, i, 3, 4), (j, i, 1, 2), [(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1)],
[((0, 0), (0, 0)), ((-1, 0), (0, -1)), ((1, 0), (0, 1))],
[(1, 1), (2, 1)], [(1, 1)])
for b, i, j in itertools.product([2, 3], repeat=3)],
[((4, 2, 1), (3, 2, 1), [(1,)], [((1, 1),), ((0, 0),)],
[(1,), (2,)], [(1,), (2,)])])
for strides in all_strides
for rhs_dil in rhs_dils
for lhs_dil in lhs_dils
for dtype in float_dtypes
for padding in all_pads
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_small]))
def testConvWithGeneralPaddingGrad(self, lhs_shape, rhs_shape, dtype, strides,
padding, lhs_dil, rhs_dil, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
lhs = rng(lhs_shape, dtype)
rhs = rng(rhs_shape, dtype)
conv = partial(lax.conv_with_general_padding, window_strides=strides,
padding=padding, lhs_dilation=lhs_dil, rhs_dilation=rhs_dil,
precision=lax.Precision.HIGHEST)
check_grads_bilinear(conv, (lhs, rhs), order=2, modes=["fwd", "rev"],
atol=1e-2, rtol=1e-2)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name":
"_lhs_shape={}_rhs_shape={}_strides={}_padding={}_lhs_dilation={}_"
"rhs_dilation={}_dims={}_feature_group_count={}_batch_group_count={}"
.format(jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(lhs_shape, dtype),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(rhs_shape, dtype),
strides, padding, lhs_dil, rhs_dil, ",".join(dim_nums),
feature_group_count, batch_group_count),
"lhs_shape": lhs_shape, "rhs_shape": rhs_shape, "dtype": dtype,
"strides": strides, "padding": padding, "lhs_dil": lhs_dil,
"rhs_dil": rhs_dil, "rng_factory": rng_factory, "dimension_numbers": dim_nums,
"perms": perms, "feature_group_count": feature_group_count,
"batch_group_count": batch_group_count}
for batch_group_count, feature_group_count in ([(1, 1), (2, 1), (1, 2)])
for lhs_shapes, rhs_shape, all_strides, lhs_dils, rhs_dils in [
([(b * batch_group_count, i * feature_group_count, 6, 7),
(b * batch_group_count, i * feature_group_count, 0, 4)], # lhs_shape
(j * batch_group_count * feature_group_count, i, 1, 2), # rhs_shape
[(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1)], # strides
[(1, 1), (2, 1)], # lhs_dils
[(1, 1), (2, 2)]) # rhs_dils
for b, i, j in itertools.product([1, 2], repeat=3)]
for lhs_shape in lhs_shapes
for strides in all_strides
for rhs_dil in rhs_dils
for lhs_dil in lhs_dils
for dtype in grad_float_dtypes
for padding in ([((0, 0), (0, 0)), ((1, 0), (0, 1))] +
([((0, -1), (0, 0))] if lhs_shape[2] != 0 else []))
for dim_nums, perms in [
(("NCHW", "OIHW", "NCHW"), ([0, 1, 2, 3], [0, 1, 2, 3])),
(("NHWC", "HWIO", "NHWC"), ([0, 2, 3, 1], [2, 3, 1, 0])),
(("NHWC", "OIHW", "NCHW"), ([0, 2, 3, 1], [0, 1, 2, 3]))]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]
))
def testConvGeneralDilatedGrad(self, lhs_shape, rhs_shape, dtype, strides,
padding, lhs_dil, rhs_dil, dimension_numbers,
perms, feature_group_count, batch_group_count,
rng_factory):
if dtype == onp.float16:
raise SkipTest("float16 numerical issues") # TODO(mattjj): resolve
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
tol = {dtypes.bfloat16: 1e-0, onp.float16: 5e-1, onp.float32: 2e-4}
# permute shapes to match dim_spec, scale by feature_group_count
lhs_perm, rhs_perm = perms
lhs_shape = list(onp.take(lhs_shape, lhs_perm))
rhs_shape = list(onp.take(rhs_shape, rhs_perm))
lhs = rng(lhs_shape, dtype)
rhs = rng(rhs_shape, dtype)
conv = partial(lax.conv_general_dilated, window_strides=strides,
padding=padding, lhs_dilation=lhs_dil, rhs_dilation=rhs_dil,
dimension_numbers=dimension_numbers,
feature_group_count=feature_group_count,
batch_group_count=batch_group_count,
precision=lax.Precision.HIGHEST)
check_grads_bilinear(conv, (lhs, rhs), order=2, modes=["fwd", "rev"],
atol=tol, rtol=tol)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_lhs_shape={}_rhs_shape={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(lhs_shape, dtype),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(rhs_shape, dtype)),
"lhs_shape": lhs_shape, "rhs_shape": rhs_shape, "dtype": dtype,
"rng_factory": jtu.rand_default}
for lhs_shape in [(2,), (3, 2)] for rhs_shape in [(2,), (2, 4)]
for dtype in float_dtypes))
def testDotGrad(self, lhs_shape, rhs_shape, dtype, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
tol = {onp.float16: 1e-1, onp.float32: 1e-4}
lhs = rng(lhs_shape, dtype)
rhs = rng(rhs_shape, dtype)
dot = partial(lax.dot, precision=lax.Precision.HIGHEST)
check_grads_bilinear(dot, (lhs, rhs), order=2, modes=["fwd", "rev"],
atol=tol, rtol=tol)
# check that precision config is preserved
result, pullback = api.vjp(dot, lhs, rhs)
gresult = lax.zeros_like_array(result)
s = str(api.make_jaxpr(pullback)(gresult))
assert "precision=HIGHEST" in s
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name":
"_lhs_shape={}_rhs_shape={}_dimension_numbers={}"
.format(jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(lhs_shape, dtype),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(rhs_shape, dtype),
dimension_numbers),
"lhs_shape": lhs_shape, "rhs_shape": rhs_shape, "dtype": dtype,
"dimension_numbers": dimension_numbers, "rng_factory": jtu.rand_small}
for lhs_shape, rhs_shape, dimension_numbers in [
((3, 2), (2, 4), (([1], [0]), ([], []))),
((3, 5), (2, 5), (([1], [1]), ([], []))),
((5, 3), (5, 2), (([0], [0]), ([], []))),
((3, 3, 2), (3, 2, 4), (([2], [1]), ([0], [0]))),
]
for dtype in float_dtypes))
def testDotGeneralContractAndBatchGrads(self, lhs_shape, rhs_shape, dtype,
dimension_numbers, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
lhs = rng(lhs_shape, dtype)
rhs = rng(rhs_shape, dtype)
dot_general = partial(lax.dot_general, dimension_numbers=dimension_numbers,
precision=lax.Precision.HIGHEST)
check_grads_bilinear(dot_general, (lhs, rhs), order=2, modes=["fwd", "rev"])
# check that precision config is preserved
result, pullback = api.vjp(dot_general, lhs, rhs)
gresult = lax.zeros_like_array(result)
s = str(api.make_jaxpr(pullback)(gresult))
assert "precision=HIGHEST" in s
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_shape={}_dtype={}_broadcast_sizes={}".format(
shape, onp.dtype(dtype).name, broadcast_sizes),
"shape": shape, "dtype": dtype, "broadcast_sizes": broadcast_sizes,
"rng_factory": rng_factory}
for shape in [(), (2, 3)]
for dtype in float_dtypes
for broadcast_sizes in [(), (2,), (1, 2)]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testBroadcastGrad(self, shape, dtype, broadcast_sizes, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
args = (rng(shape, dtype),)
broadcast = lambda x: lax.broadcast(x, broadcast_sizes)
check_grads(broadcast, args, 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1.)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_inshape={}_outshape={}_bcdims={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(inshape, dtype),
outshape, broadcast_dimensions),
"inshape": inshape, "dtype": dtype, "outshape": outshape,
"dimensions": broadcast_dimensions, "rng_factory": rng_factory}
for inshape, outshape, broadcast_dimensions in [
([2], [2, 2], [0]),
([2], [2, 2], [1]),
([2], [2, 3], [0]),
([], [2, 3], []),
]
for dtype in float_dtypes
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testBroadcastInDimGrad(self, inshape, dtype, outshape, dimensions, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
operand = rng(inshape, dtype)
broadcast_in_dim = lambda x: lax.broadcast_in_dim(x, outshape, dimensions)
check_grads(broadcast_in_dim, (operand,), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1.)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_inshape={}_outshape={}_perm={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(arg_shape, dtype),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(out_shape, dtype),
permutation),
"arg_shape": arg_shape, "out_shape": out_shape, "dtype": dtype,
"rng_factory": rng_factory, "permutation": permutation}
for dtype in float_dtypes
for arg_shape, out_shape, permutation in [
[(3, 4), (12,), None],
[(2, 1, 4), (8,), None],
[(2, 2, 4), (2, 8), None],
[(3, 4), (12,), (0, 1)],
[(3, 4), (12,), (1, 0)],
[(2, 1, 4), (8,), (0, 2, 1)],
[(2, 1, 4), (8,), (2, 0, 1)],
[(2, 2, 4), (2, 8), (0, 2, 1)],
[(2, 2, 4), (2, 8), (2, 0, 1)],
]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testReshapeGrad(self, arg_shape, out_shape, permutation, dtype, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
operand = rng(arg_shape, dtype)
reshape = lambda x: lax.reshape(x, out_shape, permutation)
check_grads(reshape, (operand,), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1.)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_inshape={}_pads={}"
.format(jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype), pads),
"shape": shape, "dtype": dtype, "pads": pads, "rng_factory": jtu.rand_small}
for shape in [(2, 3)]
for dtype in float_dtypes
for pads in [[(1, 2, 1), (0, 1, 0)], [(-1, 0, 0), (-1, 0, 2)]]))
def testPadGrad(self, shape, dtype, pads, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
operand = rng(shape, dtype)
pad = lambda operand: lax.pad(operand, onp.array(0, dtype), pads)
check_grads(pad, (operand,), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1.)
operand = rng(shape, dtype)
padding_value = onp.array(0., dtype)
pad = lambda operand, padding_value: lax.pad(operand, padding_value, pads)
check_grads(pad, (operand, padding_value), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1.)
def testReverseGrad(self):
rev = lambda operand: lax.rev(operand, dimensions)
dimensions = [0]
check_grads(rev, (onp.array([3., 2., 1.]),), 2)
dimensions = [0, 1]
check_grads(rev, (onp.array([[6., 5., 4.], [3., 2., 1.]]),), 2,
rtol={onp.float32: 3e-3})
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_predshape={}_argshapes={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(pred_shape, onp.bool_),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(arg_shape, dtype)),
"pred_shape": pred_shape, "arg_shape": arg_shape, "dtype": dtype,
"rng_factory": rng_factory}
for arg_shape in [(), (3,), (2, 3)]
for pred_shape in ([(), arg_shape] if arg_shape else [()])
for dtype in float_dtypes
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testSelectGrad(self, pred_shape, arg_shape, dtype, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
pred = rng(pred_shape, onp.bool_)
on_true = rng(arg_shape, dtype)
on_false = rng(arg_shape, dtype)
select = lambda on_true, on_false: lax.select(pred, on_true, on_false)
check_grads(select, (on_true, on_false), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1.)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name":
"_shape={}_start_indices={}_limit_indices={}_strides={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype),
start_indices, limit_indices, strides),
"shape": shape, "dtype": dtype, "starts": start_indices,
"limits": limit_indices, "strides": strides, "rng_factory": rng_factory}
for shape, start_indices, limit_indices, strides in [
[(3,), (1,), (2,), None],
[(7,), (4,), (7,), None],
[(5,), (1,), (5,), (2,)],
[(8,), (1,), (6,), (2,)],
[(5, 3), (1, 1), (3, 2), None],
[(5, 3), (1, 1), (3, 1), None],
[(7, 5, 3), (4, 0, 1), (7, 1, 3), None],
[(5, 3), (1, 1), (2, 1), (1, 1)],
[(5, 3), (1, 1), (5, 3), (2, 1)],
]
for dtype in float_dtypes
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testSliceGrad(self, shape, dtype, starts, limits, strides, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
operand = rng(shape, dtype)
slice = lambda x: lax.slice(x, starts, limits, strides)
check_grads(slice, (operand,), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1.)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_shape={}_start_indices={}_size_indices={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype),
start_indices, size_indices),
"shape": shape, "dtype": dtype, "start_indices": start_indices,
"size_indices": size_indices, "rng_factory": rng_factory}
for shape, start_indices, size_indices in [
[(3,), (1,), (1,)],
[(5, 3), (1, 1), (3, 1)],
[(7, 5, 3), (4, 1, 0), (2, 0, 1)],
]
for dtype in float_dtypes
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testDynamicSliceGrad(self, shape, dtype, start_indices, size_indices,
rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
operand = rng(shape, dtype)
dynamic_slice = lambda x: lax.dynamic_slice(x, start_indices, size_indices)
check_grads(dynamic_slice, (operand,), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1.)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_shape={}_start_indices={}_update_shape={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype),
start_indices, update_shape),
"shape": shape, "dtype": dtype, "start_indices": start_indices,
"update_shape": update_shape, "rng_factory": rng_factory}
for shape, start_indices, update_shape in [
[(3,), (1,), (1,)],
[(5, 3), (1, 1), (3, 1)],
[(7, 5, 3), (4, 1, 0), (2, 0, 1)],
]
for dtype in float_dtypes
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testDynamicUpdateSliceGrad(self, shape, dtype, start_indices,
update_shape, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
operand = rng(shape, dtype)
update = rng(update_shape, dtype)
start_indices = onp.array(start_indices)
dus = lambda x, y: lax.dynamic_update_slice(x, y, start_indices)
check_grads(dus, (operand, update), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1.)
dus = lambda x: lax.dynamic_update_slice(x, update, start_indices)
check_grads(dus, (operand,), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1.)
dus = lambda y: lax.dynamic_update_slice(operand, y, start_indices)
check_grads(dus, (update,), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1.)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_shape={}_perm={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype), perm),
"shape": shape, "dtype": dtype, "perm": perm, "rng_factory": rng_factory}
for shape, perm in [
[(3, 4), (1, 0)],
[(3, 4), (0, 1)],
[(3, 4, 5), (2, 1, 0)],
[(3, 4, 5), (1, 0, 2)],
]
for dtype in float_dtypes
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testTransposeGrad(self, shape, dtype, perm, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
operand = rng(shape, dtype)
transpose = lambda x: lax.transpose(x, perm)
check_grads(transpose, (operand,), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1.)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_op={}_inshape={}_reducedims={}"
.format(op.__name__, jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype), dims),
"op": op, "init_val": init_val, "shape": shape, "dtype": dtype,
"dims": dims, "rng_factory": rng_factory}
for init_val, op, dtypes, rng_factory in [
(0, lax.add, inexact_dtypes, jtu.rand_default),
(-onp.inf, lax.max, grad_inexact_dtypes, jtu.rand_unique_int),
(onp.inf, lax.min, grad_inexact_dtypes, jtu.rand_unique_int),
(1, lax.mul, grad_float_dtypes, partial(jtu.rand_default, scale=1)),
]
for dtype in dtypes
for shape, dims in [
[(3, 4, 5), ()],
[(3, 4, 5), (0,)],
[(3, 4, 5), (1, 2)],
[(3, 4, 5), (0, 2)],
[(3, 4, 5), (0, 1, 2)],
[(3, 1), (1,)],
]))
def testReduceGrad(self, op, init_val, shape, dtype, dims, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
if jtu.device_under_test() == "tpu" and op is lax.mul:
raise SkipTest("unimplemented case")
tol = {dtypes.bfloat16: 2e-1, onp.float16: 1e-1, onp.float32: 1e-1,
onp.float64: 1e-3, onp.complex64: 1e-1}
operand = rng(shape, dtype)
init_val = onp.asarray(init_val, dtype=dtype)
reduce = lambda operand: lax.reduce(operand, init_val, op, dims)
eps = (1.0 if dtypes.finfo(dtype).bits == 16 and op is lax.add else
1e-1 if dtype == dtypes.bfloat16 else
1e-2 if dtypes.finfo(dtype).bits == 32 else None)
check_grads(reduce, (operand,), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], tol, tol, eps)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_op={}_dtype={}_padding={}"
.format(op.__name__, onp.dtype(dtype).name, padding),
"op": op, "init_val": init_val, "dtype": dtype, "padding": padding,
"rng_factory": rng_factory}
for init_val, op, dtypes, rng_factory in [
(0, lax.add, grad_float_dtypes, jtu.rand_small),
(-onp.inf, lax.max, grad_float_dtypes, jtu.rand_unique_int),
(onp.inf, lax.min, grad_float_dtypes, jtu.rand_unique_int),
]
for dtype in dtypes
for padding in ["VALID", "SAME"]))
@jtu.skip_on_flag("jax_skip_slow_tests", True)
@jtu.ignore_warning(category=UserWarning,
message="Using reduced precision for gradient.*")
def testReduceWindowGrad(self, op, init_val, dtype, padding, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
init_val = onp.asarray(init_val, dtype=dtype)
# We need this conditional and the corresponding loop logic to be in the
# test method, rather than at the parameterized test level, because it
# depends on FLAGS for the device under test.
# TODO(b/31565929): enable when fixed.
if jtu.device_under_test() == "tpu" and op is not lax.add:
all_configs = [((6, 5, 4, 3), (2, 2, 1, 1), (1, 2, 1, 1))]
# TODO(b/73062247): need variadic reduce-window for better precision.
gradient_order = 1
else:
all_configs = itertools.chain(
itertools.product(
[(4, 6)], # shapes
[(2, 1), (1, 2)], # window_dimensions
[(1, 1), (2, 1), (1, 2)] # strides
),
itertools.product(
[(3, 2, 4, 6)], # shapes
[(1, 1, 2, 1), (2, 1, 2, 1)], # window_dimensions
[(1, 2, 2, 1), (1, 1, 1, 1)]), # strides
)
gradient_order = 3
def fun(operand):
return lax.reduce_window(operand, init_val, op, dims, strides, padding)
for shape, dims, strides in all_configs:
operand = rng(shape, dtype)
if op is lax.add:
eps = 1.
tol = None
else:
# this test can fail if there are duplicates in operand
self.assertEqual(onp.unique(operand).size, operand.size,
msg="test requires operand elements to be unique.")
eps = 1e-2
tol = {onp.float16: 1e-1, onp.float32: 6e-2, onp.float64: 6e-2}
check_grads(fun, (operand,), gradient_order, ["fwd", "rev"], tol, tol,
eps)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_op={}_shape={}_axis={}"
.format(op.__name__, jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype), axis),
"op": op, "shape": shape, "dtype": dtype,
"axis": axis, "rng_factory": rng_factory}
for op, types in [
(lax.cumsum, [onp.float32, onp.float64]),
(lax.cumprod, [onp.float32, onp.float64]),
]
for dtype in types
for shape in [[10], [3, 4, 5]]
for axis in range(len(shape))
for rng_factory in [
jtu.rand_default if dtypes.issubdtype(dtype, onp.integer)
else jtu.rand_small]))
def testCumulativeReduceGrad(self, op, shape, dtype, axis, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
check_grads(partial(op, axis=axis), (rng(shape, dtype),), order=2)
# TODO(b/205052657): enable more tests when supported
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_shape={}_axis={}_isstable={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype), axis, is_stable),
"rng_factory": rng_factory, "shape": shape, "dtype": dtype, "axis": axis,
"is_stable": is_stable}
for dtype in [onp.float32]
for shape in [(5,), (5, 7)]
for axis in [len(shape) - 1]
for is_stable in [False, True]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testSortGrad(self, shape, dtype, axis, is_stable, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
operand = rng(shape, dtype)
sort = lambda x: lax.sort(x, dimension=axis, is_stable=is_stable)
check_grads(sort, (operand,), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1e-2)
# TODO(b/205052657): enable more tests when supported
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_keyshape={}_valshape={}_axis={}_isstable={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, key_dtype),
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, val_dtype),
axis, is_stable),
"rng_factory": rng_factory, "shape": shape,
"key_dtype": key_dtype, "val_dtype": val_dtype, "axis": axis,
"is_stable": is_stable}
for key_dtype in [onp.float32]
for val_dtype in [onp.float32]
for shape in [(3,), (5, 3)]
for axis in [len(shape) - 1]
for is_stable in [False, True]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testSortKeyValGrad(self, shape, key_dtype, val_dtype, axis, is_stable,
rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
# This test relies on the property that wherever keys are tied, values are
# too, since we don't guarantee the same ordering of values with equal keys.
# To avoid that case, we generate unique keys (globally in the key array).
def args_maker():
flat_keys = onp.arange(onp.prod(shape, dtype=int), dtype=key_dtype)
keys = self.rng().permutation(flat_keys).reshape(shape)
values = rng(shape, val_dtype)
return keys, values
keys, values = args_maker()
fun = lambda keys, values: lax.sort_key_val(keys, values, axis, is_stable)
check_grads(fun, (keys, values), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], 1e-2, 1e-2, 1e-2)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_shape={}_k={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype), k),
"rng_factory": rng_factory, "shape": shape, "dtype": dtype, "k": k}
for dtype in [onp.float32,]
for shape in [(4,), (5, 5), (2, 1, 4)]
for k in [1, 3]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testTopKGrad(self, shape, dtype, k, rng_factory):
flat_values = onp.arange(onp.prod(shape, dtype=int), dtype=dtype)
values = self.rng().permutation(flat_values).reshape(shape)
fun = lambda vs: lax.top_k(vs, k=k)[0]
check_grads(fun, (values,), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1e-2)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_shape={}_idxs={}_axes={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype), idxs, axes),
"shape": shape, "dtype": dtype, "idxs": idxs, "axes": axes,
"rng_factory": rng_factory}
for dtype in float_dtypes
for shape, idxs, axes in [
[(3, 4, 5), (onp.array([0, 2, 1]),), (0,)],
[(3, 4, 5), (onp.array([-1, -2]),), (0,)],
[(3, 4, 5), (onp.array([0, 2]), onp.array([1, 3])), (0, 1)],
[(3, 4, 5), (onp.array([0, 2]), onp.array([1, 3])), (0, 2)],
]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testIndexTakeGrad(self, shape, dtype, idxs, axes, rng_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
src = rng(shape, dtype)
index_take = lambda src: lax.index_take(src, idxs, axes)
check_grads(index_take, (src,), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], eps=1.)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_shape={}_idxs={}_dnums={}_slice_sizes={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(shape, dtype), idxs, dnums,
slice_sizes),
"shape": shape, "dtype": dtype, "idxs": idxs, "dnums": dnums,
"slice_sizes": slice_sizes, "rng_factory": rng_factory,
"rng_idx_factory": rng_idx_factory}
for dtype in grad_float_dtypes
for shape, idxs, dnums, slice_sizes, max_idx in [
((5,), onp.array([[0], [2]]), lax.GatherDimensionNumbers(
offset_dims=(), collapsed_slice_dims=(0,), start_index_map=(0,)),
(1,), 5),
((10,), onp.array([[0], [0], [0]]), lax.GatherDimensionNumbers(
offset_dims=(1,), collapsed_slice_dims=(), start_index_map=(0,)),
(2,), 9),
((10, 5,), onp.array([[0], [2], [1]]), lax.GatherDimensionNumbers(
offset_dims=(1,), collapsed_slice_dims=(0,), start_index_map=(0,)),
(1, 3), 3),
]
for rng_idx_factory in [partial(jtu.rand_int, high=max_idx)]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testGatherGrad(self, shape, dtype, idxs, dnums, slice_sizes, rng_factory,
rng_idx_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
rng_idx = rng_idx_factory(self.rng())
idxs = rng_idx(idxs.shape, idxs.dtype)
gather = lambda x: lax.gather(x, idxs, dimension_numbers=dnums,
slice_sizes=slice_sizes)
x = rng(shape, dtype)
check_grads(gather, (x,), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], 1e-2, 1e-2, 1.)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_shape={}_idxs={}_update={}_dnums={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(arg_shape, dtype),
idxs, update_shape, dnums),
"arg_shape": arg_shape, "dtype": dtype, "idxs": idxs,
"update_shape": update_shape, "dnums": dnums, "rng_factory": rng_factory,
"rng_idx_factory": rng_idx_factory}
for dtype in grad_float_dtypes
for arg_shape, idxs, update_shape, dnums, max_idx in [
((5,), onp.array([[0], [2]]), (2,), lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(
update_window_dims=(), inserted_window_dims=(0,),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(0,)), 4),
((10,), onp.array([[0], [0], [0]]), (3, 2), lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(
update_window_dims=(1,), inserted_window_dims=(),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(0,)), 9),
((10, 5,), onp.array([[0], [2], [1]]), (3, 3), lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(
update_window_dims=(1,), inserted_window_dims=(0,),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(0,)), 3),
]
for rng_idx_factory in [partial(jtu.rand_int, high=max_idx)]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testScatterAddGrad(self, arg_shape, dtype, idxs, update_shape, dnums,
rng_factory, rng_idx_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
rng_idx = rng_idx_factory(self.rng())
idxs = rng_idx(idxs.shape, idxs.dtype)
scatter_add = lambda x, y: lax.scatter_add(x, idxs, y,
dimension_numbers=dnums)
x = rng(arg_shape, dtype)
y = rng(update_shape, dtype)
check_grads(scatter_add, (x, y), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], 1e-2, 1e-2, 1.)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_shape={}_idxs={}_update={}_dnums={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(arg_shape, dtype),
idxs, update_shape, dnums),
"arg_shape": arg_shape, "dtype": dtype, "idxs": idxs,
"update_shape": update_shape, "dnums": dnums, "rng_factory": rng_factory,
"rng_idx_factory": rng_idx_factory}
for dtype in grad_float_dtypes
for arg_shape, idxs, update_shape, dnums, max_idx in [
((5,), onp.array([[0], [2]]), (2,), lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(
update_window_dims=(), inserted_window_dims=(0,),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(0,)), 4),
((10,), onp.array([[0], [0], [0]]), (3, 2), lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(
update_window_dims=(1,), inserted_window_dims=(),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(0,)), 9),
((10, 5,), onp.array([[0], [2], [1]]), (3, 3), lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(
update_window_dims=(1,), inserted_window_dims=(0,),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(0,)), 3),
]
# Scatters with conflicting indices are not deterministic on GPU, so we
# use indices that do not collide.
for rng_idx_factory in [partial(jtu.rand_unique_int, high=max_idx)]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testScatterGrad(self, arg_shape, dtype, idxs, update_shape, dnums,
rng_factory, rng_idx_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
rng_idx = rng_idx_factory(self.rng())
idxs = rng_idx(idxs.shape, idxs.dtype)
scatter = lambda x, y: lax.scatter(x, idxs, y, dimension_numbers=dnums)
x = rng(arg_shape, dtype)
y = rng(update_shape, dtype)
check_grads(scatter, (x, y), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], 1e-2, 1e-2, 1.)
def testScatterGradSymbolicZeroUpdate(self):
# https://github.com/google/jax/issues/1901
def f(x):
n = x.shape[0]
y = onp.arange(n, dtype=x.dtype)
return jax.ops.index_update(x, onp.diag_indices(n), y)
rng = jtu.rand_default(self.rng())
check_grads(f, (rng((5, 5), onp.float32),), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], 1e-2, 1e-2,
1.)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_shape={}_idxs={}_update={}_dnums={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(arg_shape, dtype),
idxs, update_shape, dnums),
"arg_shape": arg_shape, "dtype": dtype, "idxs": idxs,
"update_shape": update_shape, "dnums": dnums,
"rng_factory": rng_factory, "rng_idx_factory": rng_idx_factory}
for dtype in grad_float_dtypes
for arg_shape, idxs, update_shape, dnums in [
((5,), onp.array([[0], [2]]), (2,), lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(
update_window_dims=(), inserted_window_dims=(0,),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(0,))),
((10,), onp.array([[0], [0], [0]]), (3, 2), lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(
update_window_dims=(1,), inserted_window_dims=(),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(0,))),
((10, 5,), onp.array([[0], [2], [1]]), (3, 3), lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(
update_window_dims=(1,), inserted_window_dims=(0,),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(0,))),
]
for rng_idx_factory in [partial(jtu.rand_int, high=max(arg_shape))]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testScatterMax(self, arg_shape, dtype, idxs, update_shape, dnums,
rng_factory, rng_idx_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
rng_idx = rng_idx_factory(self.rng())
idxs = rng_idx(idxs.shape, idxs.dtype)
scatter_max = lambda x, y: lax.scatter_max(x, idxs, y, dnums)
x = rng(arg_shape, dtype)
y = rng(update_shape, dtype)
check_grads(scatter_max, (x, y), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], 1e-2, 1e-2)
@parameterized.named_parameters(jtu.cases_from_list(
{"testcase_name": "_shape={}_idxs={}_update={}_dnums={}".format(
jtu.format_shape_dtype_string(arg_shape, dtype),
idxs, update_shape, dnums),
"arg_shape": arg_shape, "dtype": dtype, "idxs": idxs,
"update_shape": update_shape, "dnums": dnums,
"rng_factory": rng_factory, "rng_idx_factory": rng_idx_factory}
for dtype in grad_float_dtypes
for arg_shape, idxs, update_shape, dnums in [
((5,), onp.array([[0], [2]]), (2,), lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(
update_window_dims=(), inserted_window_dims=(0,),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(0,))),
((10,), onp.array([[0], [0], [0]]), (3, 2), lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(
update_window_dims=(1,), inserted_window_dims=(),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(0,))),
((10, 5,), onp.array([[0], [2], [1]]), (3, 3), lax.ScatterDimensionNumbers(
update_window_dims=(1,), inserted_window_dims=(0,),
scatter_dims_to_operand_dims=(0,))),
]
for rng_idx_factory in [partial(jtu.rand_int, high=max(arg_shape))]
for rng_factory in [jtu.rand_default]))
def testScatterMin(self, arg_shape, dtype, idxs, update_shape, dnums,
rng_factory, rng_idx_factory):
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
rng_idx = rng_idx_factory(self.rng())
idxs = rng_idx(idxs.shape, idxs.dtype)
scatter_min = lambda x, y: lax.scatter_min(x, idxs, y, dnums)
x = rng(arg_shape, dtype)
y = rng(update_shape, dtype)
check_grads(scatter_min, (x, y), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], 1e-2, 1e-2)
def testStopGradient(self):
def f(x):
return lax.sin(x) * lax.cos(lax.stop_gradient(x))
def f2(x, y):
return lax.sin(x) * lax.cos(y)
x = 3.14
ans = api.grad(f)(x)
expected = api.grad(f2)(x, x)
self.assertAllClose(ans, expected)
ans = api.grad(api.grad(f))(x)
expected = api.grad(api.grad(f2))(x, x)
self.assertAllClose(ans, expected)
ans = api.grad(lambda x: lax.stop_gradient({'foo':x})['foo'])(3.)
expected = onp.array(0.0)
self.assertAllClose(ans, expected, check_dtypes=False)
with core.skipping_checks():
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
lax.stop_gradient(lambda x: x)
# TODO(mattjj): make this a more systematic test
def testRemainder(self):
rng = onp.random.RandomState(0)
x = rng.uniform(-0.9, 9, size=(3, 4))
y = rng.uniform(0.7, 1.9, size=(3, 1))
assert not set(onp.unique(x)) & set(onp.unique(y))
tol = 1e-1 if num_float_bits(onp.float64) == 32 else 1e-3
check_grads(lax.rem, (x, y), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], tol, tol)
rng = onp.random.RandomState(0)
x = rng.uniform(-0.9, 9, size=(1, 4))
y = rng.uniform(0.7, 1.9, size=(3, 4))
assert not set(onp.unique(x)) & set(onp.unique(y))
tol = 1e-1 if num_float_bits(onp.float64) == 32 else 1e-3
check_grads(lax.rem, (x, y), 2, ["fwd", "rev"], tol, tol)
def testHigherOrderGradientOfReciprocal(self):
# Regression test for https://github.com/google/jax/issues/3136
def inv(x):
# N.B.: intentionally written as 1/x, not x ** -1 or reciprocal(x)
return 1 / x
grad_fn = jax.grad(jax.grad(jax.grad(jax.grad(jax.grad(jax.grad(inv))))))
self.assertAllClose(onp.float32(0.0439453125), grad_fn(onp.float32(4.)))
def testCumulativeReduceGrad(self, op, shape, dtype, axis, reverse):
rng_factory = (jtu.rand_default if dtypes.issubdtype(dtype, np.integer)
else jtu.rand_small)
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
check_grads(partial(op, axis=axis, reverse=reverse), (rng(shape, dtype),),
order=2)
def testCumulativeReduce(self, op, shape, dtype, axis, bdims, reverse):
rng_factory = (jtu.rand_default if dtypes.issubdtype(
dtype, np.integer) else jtu.rand_small)
rng = rng_factory(self.rng())
self._CheckBatching(partial(op, axis=axis, reverse=reverse), 7, bdims,
(shape, ), (dtype, ), rng)
def is_float(c):
return dtypes.issubdtype(dtypes.dtype(c), jnp.inexact)