def test_noisy1(self):
a = Circuit()
a.add('R1 1 0')
a.add('R2 1 0')
an = a.noisy()
b = Circuit()
b.add('R1 1 0 {R1 * R2 / (R1 + R2)}')
bn = b.noisy()
self.assertEqual(an[1].V.n.expr, bn[1].V.n.expr, "Incorrect noise")
def test_V1(self):
"""Lcapy: test V1"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('V1 1 0 10')
self.assertEqual(a.V1.V.dc, 10, "Incorrect voltage")
def test_RC1(self):
"""Lcapy: check RC network
"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('R1 1 2')
a.add('C1 2 0')
self.assertEqual2(a.impedance(1, 2),
R('R1').impedance, "Z incorrect for R1.")
self.assertEqual2(a.impedance(2, 0),
C('C1').impedance, "Z incorrect for C1.")
self.assertEqual2(a.impedance(1, 0), (R('R1') + C('C1')).impedance,
"Z incorrect for R1 + C1.")
self.assertEqual2(a.admittance(1, 2), R('R1').Y, "Y incorrect for R1.")
self.assertEqual2(a.admittance(2, 0), C('C1').Y, "Y incorrect for C1.")
self.assertEqual2(a.admittance(1, 0), (R('R1') + C('C1')).Y,
"Y incorrect for R1 + C1.")
self.assertEqual2(a.Isc(1, 0), I(0).Isc, "Isc incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.R1.Z, expr('R1'), "Z incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.R1.R, expr('R1'), "R incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.R1.X, 0, "X incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.C1.Y, expr('j * omega * C1'), "Y incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.C1.G, 0, "G incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.C1.B, expr('-omega * C1'), "B incorrect")
def test_filtered_noise1(self):
"""Lcapy: check circuit filtered noise"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('V1 1 0 noise 3')
a.add('R1 1 2 2')
a.add('C1 2 0 4')
def test_VRC1(self):
"""Lcapy: check VRC circuit
"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('V1 1 0 {V1 / s}')
a.add('R1 1 2')
a.add('C1 2 0')
# Note, V1 acts as a short-circuit for the impedance/admittance
self.assertEqual2(a.impedance(1, 2), (R('R1') | C('C1')).Z,
"Z incorrect across R1")
self.assertEqual2(a.impedance(2, 0), (R('R1') | C('C1')).Z,
"Z incorrect across C1")
self.assertEqual2(a.impedance(1, 0), R(0).Z, "Z incorrect across V1")
self.assertEqual2(a.admittance(1, 2), (R('R1') | C('C1')).Y,
"Y incorrect across R1")
self.assertEqual2(a.admittance(2, 0), (R('R1') | C('C1')).Y,
"Y incorrect across C1")
# This has a non-invertible A matrix.
# self.assertEqual2(a.admittance(1, 0), R(0).Y, "Y incorrect across V1")
self.assertEqual2(
a.Voc(1, 0).s,
V('V1 / s').Voc.s, "Voc incorrect across V1")
self.assertEqual(a.is_ivp, False, "Initial value problem incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.is_dc, False, "DC incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.is_ac, False, "AC incorrect")
def test_TF(self):
a = Circuit("""
TF 2 0 1 0 k
R 2 0""")
self.assertEqual(a.impedance(1, 0), expr('R / k**2'),
"incorrect impedance")
def test_IV_parallel(self):
a = Circuit("""
V 1 0 dc
I 1 0 dc
R 1 0""")
self.assertEqual(a.R.v, expr('V'), "R voltage incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.R.i, expr('V / R'), "R current incorrect")
def test_IV_series(self):
a = Circuit("""
V 2 1 dc
I 1 0 dc
R 2 0""")
self.assertEqual(a.R.v, expr('I * R'), "R voltage incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.R.i, expr('I'), "R current incorrect")
def test_sub(self):
a = Circuit("""
V1 1 0 {u(t)}
R1 1 2
L1 2 0""")
self.assertEqual(a.ac().R1.V, 0, "AC model incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.dc().R1.V, 0, "DC model incorrect")
def test_directive(self):
# This has a deliberate empty line.
a = Circuit("""
V 2 0 10
R 2 0 1""")
self.assertEqual(a.R.i, 10, "i incorrect")
def test_filtered_noise3(self):
"""Lcapy: check circuit filtered noise"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('V1 1 0 noise 20')
a.add('R1 1 2 1')
a.add('C1 2 0 2')
self.assertEqual(a.C1.V.n.rms(), 5 * sqrt(2),
"Incorrect capacitor voltage")
def test_filtered_noise2(self):
"""Lcapy: check circuit filtered noise"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('V1 1 0 noise {sqrt(4 * k * T * R)}')
a.add('R1 1 2 R')
a.add('C1 2 0 C')
self.assertEqual2(a.C1.V.n.rms(), Vt('sqrt(k * T / C)'),
"Incorrect capacitor voltage")
def test_noise2(self):
"""Lcapy: check circuit noise for pair of sources"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('V1 1 0 noise 3')
a.add('V2 2 1 noise 4')
a.add('R1 2 0 5')
V1 = a.R1.V.n
self.assertEqual2(V1, Vn(5, nid=V1.nid), "Incorrect noise sum")
def test_noise1(self):
"""Lcapy: check circuit noise for voltage divider"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('V1 1 0 noise 3')
a.add('R1 1 2 2')
a.add('R2 2 0 4')
V1 = a.R1.V.n
self.assertEqual2(V1, Vn(1, nid=V1.nid), "Incorrect ratio")
def test_simplify(self):
a = Circuit("""
R1 1 2
R2 2 3""")
b = a.simplify()
self.assertEqual(b.impedance(1, 3), a.impedance(1, 3),
"simplify series")
a = Circuit("""
R1 1 2
R2 1 2""")
b = a.simplify()
self.assertEqual(b.impedance(1, 2), a.impedance(1, 2),
"simplify parallel")
def test_causal1(self):
a = Circuit()
a.add('V1 1 0 {4 + 2 * u(t)}; down')
a.add('R1 1 2 2; right=2')
a.add('L1 2 3 2; down')
a.add('W 0 3; right')
self.assertEqual(a.sub['s'].is_causal, True, "Causal incorrect")
self.assertEqual2(a.L1.v, 2 * exp(-t) * u(t), "L current incorrect")
def test_IR1(self):
"""Lcapy: check IR circuit
"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('I1 1 0 2')
a.add('R1 1 0 1')
self.assertEqual2(a.R1.V, V(2).Voc, "Incorrect voltage")
self.assertEqual2(a[1].V, V(2).Voc, "Incorrect node voltage")
def test_VCCS1(self):
"""Lcapy: check VCCS
"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('V1 1 0 2')
a.add('R1 1 0 1')
a.add('G1 2 0 1 0 3')
a.add('R2 2 0 1')
self.assertEqual2(a.R2.V, V(6).Voc, "Incorrect voltage")
def test_CCVS2(self):
"""Lcapy: check CCVS
"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('H1 1 0 H1 -4')
t = a.thevenin(1, 0)
self.assertEqual(t.V, 0, "Incorrect Thevenin voltage")
self.assertEqual(t.Z, -4, "Incorrect Thevenin impedance")
self.assertEqual(a.H1.Voc, 0, "Incorrect cpt voltage")
self.assertEqual(a.H1.Z, 0, "Incorrect cpt impedance")
def test_VRC2(self):
"""Lcapy: check VRC circuit with arbitrary s-domain source
"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('V1 1 0 {V(s)}')
a.add('R1 1 2')
a.add('C1 2 0 C1 0')
H = a[2].V.s / a[1].V.s
self.assertEqual2(H, 1 / (s * 'R1' * 'C1' + 1), "Incorrect ratio")
def test_CCVS1(self):
"""Lcapy: check CCVS
"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('V1 1 0 10')
a.add('R1 1 2 2')
a.add('V2 2 0 0')
a.add('H1 3 0 V2 2')
a.add('R2 3 0 1')
self.assertEqual2(a.R2.V, V(10).Voc, "Incorrect voltage")
def test_VRL1_dc(self):
"""Lcapy: check VRL circuit at dc
"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('V1 1 0 dc')
a.add('R1 1 2')
a.add('L1 2 0')
self.assertEqual(a.is_ivp, False, "Initial value problem incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.is_dc, True, "DC incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.is_ac, False, "AC incorrect")
def test_RC_ivp(self):
"""Lcapy: check RC IVP"""
a = Circuit("""
C 1 0 C v0
R 1 0""")
self.assertEqual(a.is_ivp, True, "Initial value problem incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.R.I, -a.C.I, "R + C current different")
self.assertEqual(a.R.V, a.C.V, "R + C voltage different")
self.assertEqual(a.C.I(s), sympify('-v0 / (s * R + 1 / C)'),
"C current wrong")
def push_pull_coupled_lossless_clamp_image():
cct = Circuit()
cct.add('''
P1 p1a p1b; down=10,v=V_{in}
W p1a c1a; right
W p1b c1b; right
C1 c1a c1b; down
W c1a clampret1; right=1
W clampret1 clampret2; right=4
W clampret2 t1c1; right=3
W t1c1 t1c2; down=2
W t1c2 t1c3; right
LW1 l1a t1c3; down
LW2 t1c3 l2b; down
W l1a lleak21; left=2
W lleak21 lleak2a; down=3
Lleak2 lleak2a lleak2b; down,color=red
CS2 lleak2b cs2b; left=2,color=blue,v=$V_{CS}$
W cs2b ds2a; up=2,color=blue
DS2 ds2a ds2b; up=2.5,color=blue
W ds2b clampret2; up,color=blue
W ds2a lw3a1; right=3,color=blue
W lw3a1 lw3a2; down=1,color=blue
LW3 lw3a2 lw3b; down,color=blue
LW4 lw3b lw4b; down,color=blue,fixed
W l2b lleak1a1; left=6
W lleak1a1 lleak1a; down=1.5
Lleak1 lleak1a lleak1b; down,color=red
CS1 lleak1b cs1b; left=2,color=blue,v=$V_{CS}$
W cs1b ds1a; up=2,color=blue
DS1 ds1a ds1b; up=2.5,color=blue
W ds1b clampret1; up,color=blue
W lleak1b m1d; down=0.5
W lleak2b m2d; down=0.5
M1 m1d m1g m1s nmos; right,size=1
M2 m2d m2g m2s nmos; right,size=1
W cs1b lw4b1; down=2.5,color=blue
W lw4b1 lw4b2; right=8,color=blue
W lw4b2 lw4b; up,color=blue
W m1s m2s; right=4
RS m1s rsb; down=2
W c1b rsb; right
W lw3b lw3b1; left=1,color=blue
W lw3b1 lw3b2; down=4,color=blue
W lw3b2 rsb; left=5,color=blue
A1 lw3a2; l={\ \ \ \ \ •}
A2 lw3b; l={\ \ \ \ \ •}
A3 l1a; l={\ \ \ \ \ •}
A4 t1c3; l={\ \ \ \ \ •}
''')
return cct
def half_bridge_topology_image():
cct = Circuit()
# the input (switches-capacitors-transformer)
cct.add('''
P1 p1a p1b; down,v=V_{in}
C1 c1a c1b; down=3
C2 c1b c2b; down=3
R1 r1a r1b; down=3,l=Rb
R2 r1b r2b; down=3,l=Rb
W r1b c1b; right
W p1a r1a; right
W p1b r2b; right
W r1a c1a; right
W r2b c2b; right
W c1a 1d; right=2
M1 1d 1g 1s nmos; right
W 1s 2d1; down
W 2d1 2d; down
M2 2d 2g 2s nmos; right
W c2b 2s; right=2
TF1 t1 t2 t3 t4 tapcore _t5 _t6; right, size=1.5
W 2d1 t3; right
Cb c1b t4; right=2
''')
# First body diode
cct.add('''
W 1d dm1b; right=0.5
W 1s dm1a; right=0.5
DM1 dm1a dm1b; up
''')
# Second body diode
cct.add('''
W 2d dm2b; right=0.5
W 2s dm2a; right=0.5
DM2 dm2a dm2b; up
''')
# The output (transformer-rectifier-inductor-capacitor)
cct.add('''
W _t6 t6; right=2
W t6 go1; down
W go1 go2; right
D1 t1 d1b; right
D2 t2 d2b; right
W d2b d1b; up
Lo d1b coa; right
Co coa go2; down
P2 p2a p2b; down, v=V_{out}
W coa p2a; right
W go2 p2b; right
''')
return cct
def test_in_series(self):
a = Circuit("""
V 1 0 dc
R1 1 2
R2 2 3
R3 3 0
R4 3 4
R5 4 0""")
self.assertEqual(a.in_series('R1'), set(('V', 'R1', 'R2')),
"in_series(R1)")
self.assertEqual(a.in_series('R3'), set(), "in_series(R3)")
self.assertEqual(a.in_series('R4'), set(('R4', 'R5')), "in_series(R4)")
def test_VRL1_dc3(self):
"""Lcapy: check VRL circuit at dc but with initial conditions
"""
# TODO: This currently fails due to two symbols of the same name
# having different assumptions.
a = Circuit()
a.add('V1 1 0 V1')
a.add('R1 1 2')
a.add('L1 2 0 L1 0')
self.assertEqual(a.is_dc, False, "DC incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.is_ac, False, "AC incorrect")
def test_VRL1_ac(self):
"""Lcapy: check VRL circuit at ac
"""
a = Circuit()
a.add('V1 1 0 ac')
a.add('R1 1 2')
a.add('L1 2 0')
self.assertEqual(a.is_ivp, False, "Initial value problem incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.is_dc, False, "DC incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.is_ac, True, "AC incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.R1.I, a.L1.I, "currents different")
self.assertEqual(a.V1.I, a.L1.I, "currents different")
def test_RL_ivp(self):
"""Lcapy: check RL IVP"""
a = Circuit("""
L 1 0 L i0
R 1 0""")
self.assertEqual(a.is_ivp, True, "Initial value problem incorrect")
# Note, a positive current through an inductor is from the
# positive node to the negative node.
self.assertEqual(a.R.I, -a.L.I, "R + L current different")
self.assertEqual(a.R.V, a.L.V, "R + L voltage different")
self.assertEqual(a.L.I(s), sympify('i0 / (s + R / L)'),
"L current wrong")
def test_VRL_ivp(self):
"""Lcapy: check VRL IVP"""
a = Circuit("""
V 1 0 dc; down
R 1 2; right
L 2 3 L I0; down
W 0 3; right""")
self.assertEqual(a.is_ivp, True, "Initial value problem incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.R.I, a.L.I, "R + L current different")
self.assertEqual(a.V.I, a.L.I, "V + L current different")
self.assertEqual(a.V.V, a.R.V + a.L.V, "KVL fail")
a = Circuit("""
V 1 0 dc; down
R 2 3; right
L 1 2 L I0; down
W 0 3; right""")
self.assertEqual(a.is_ivp, True, "Initial value problem incorrect")
self.assertEqual(a.R.I, a.L.I, "R + L current different")
self.assertEqual(a.V.I, a.L.I, "V + L current different")
self.assertEqual(a.V.V, a.R.V + a.L.V, "KVL fail")
