def _build_gateway_device_body(
tenant_id, display_name, neutron_id, connector_type, connector_ip, client_certificate, tz_uuid
):
connector_type_mappings = {
utils.NetworkTypes.STT: "STTConnector",
utils.NetworkTypes.GRE: "GREConnector",
utils.NetworkTypes.BRIDGE: "BridgeConnector",
"ipsec%s" % utils.NetworkTypes.STT: "IPsecSTT",
"ipsec%s" % utils.NetworkTypes.GRE: "IPsecGRE",
}
nsx_connector_type = connector_type_mappings.get(connector_type)
body = {
"display_name": utils.check_and_truncate(display_name),
"tags": utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id, q_gw_dev_id=neutron_id),
"admin_status_enabled": True,
}
if connector_ip and nsx_connector_type:
body["transport_connectors"] = [
{"transport_zone_uuid": tz_uuid, "ip_address": connector_ip, "type": nsx_connector_type}
]
if client_certificate:
body["credential"] = {
"client_certificate": {"pem_encoded": client_certificate},
"type": "SecurityCertificateCredential",
}
return body
def create_lport(cluster, lswitch_uuid, tenant_id, neutron_port_id,
display_name, device_id, admin_status_enabled,
mac_address=None, fixed_ips=None, port_security_enabled=None,
security_profiles=None, queue_id=None,
mac_learning_enabled=None, allowed_address_pairs=None):
"""Creates a logical port on the assigned logical switch."""
display_name = utils.check_and_truncate(display_name)
lport_obj = dict(
admin_status_enabled=admin_status_enabled,
display_name=display_name,
tags=utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id,
q_port_id=neutron_port_id,
vm_id=utils.device_id_to_vm_id(device_id))
)
_configure_extensions(lport_obj, mac_address, fixed_ips,
port_security_enabled, security_profiles,
queue_id, mac_learning_enabled,
allowed_address_pairs)
path = nsxlib._build_uri_path(LSWITCHPORT_RESOURCE,
parent_resource_id=lswitch_uuid)
result = nsxlib.do_request(HTTP_POST, path, jsonutils.dumps(lport_obj),
cluster=cluster)
LOG.debug("Created logical port %(result)s on logical switch %(uuid)s",
{'result': result['uuid'], 'uuid': lswitch_uuid})
return result
def _build_gateway_device_body(tenant_id, display_name, neutron_id,
connector_type, connector_ip,
client_certificate, tz_uuid):
connector_type_mappings = {
utils.NetworkTypes.STT: "STTConnector",
utils.NetworkTypes.GRE: "GREConnector",
utils.NetworkTypes.BRIDGE: "BridgeConnector",
'ipsec%s' % utils.NetworkTypes.STT: "IPsecSTT",
'ipsec%s' % utils.NetworkTypes.GRE: "IPsecGRE"
}
nsx_connector_type = connector_type_mappings.get(connector_type)
body = {
"display_name": utils.check_and_truncate(display_name),
"tags": utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id, q_gw_dev_id=neutron_id),
"admin_status_enabled": True
}
if connector_ip and nsx_connector_type:
body["transport_connectors"] = [{
"transport_zone_uuid": tz_uuid,
"ip_address": connector_ip,
"type": nsx_connector_type
}]
if client_certificate:
body["credential"] = {
"client_certificate": {
"pem_encoded": client_certificate
},
"type": "SecurityCertificateCredential"
}
return body
def create_l2_gw_service(cluster, tenant_id, display_name, devices):
"""Create a NSX Layer-2 Network Gateway Service.
:param cluster: The target NSX cluster
:param tenant_id: Identifier of the Openstack tenant for which
the gateway service.
:param display_name: Descriptive name of this gateway service
:param devices: List of transport node uuids (and network
interfaces on them) to use for the network gateway service
:raise NsxApiException: if there is a problem while communicating
with the NSX controller
"""
# NOTE(salvatore-orlando): This is a little confusing, but device_id in
# NSX is actually the identifier a physical interface on the gateway
# device, which in the Neutron API is referred as interface_name
gateways = [{
"transport_node_uuid": device['id'],
"device_id": device['interface_name'],
"type": "L2Gateway"
} for device in devices]
gwservice_obj = {
"display_name": utils.check_and_truncate(display_name),
"tags": utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id),
"gateways": gateways,
"type": "L2GatewayServiceConfig"
}
return nsxlib.do_request(HTTP_POST,
nsxlib._build_uri_path(GWSERVICE_RESOURCE),
jsonutils.dumps(gwservice_obj),
cluster=cluster)
def create_l2_gw_service(cluster, tenant_id, display_name, devices):
"""Create a NSX Layer-2 Network Gateway Service.
:param cluster: The target NSX cluster
:param tenant_id: Identifier of the Openstack tenant for which
the gateway service.
:param display_name: Descriptive name of this gateway service
:param devices: List of transport node uuids (and network
interfaces on them) to use for the network gateway service
:raise NsxApiException: if there is a problem while communicating
with the NSX controller
"""
# NOTE(salvatore-orlando): This is a little confusing, but device_id in
# NSX is actually the identifier a physical interface on the gateway
# device, which in the Neutron API is referred as interface_name
gateways = [{"transport_node_uuid": device['id'],
"device_id": device['interface_name'],
"type": "L2Gateway"} for device in devices]
gwservice_obj = {
"display_name": utils.check_and_truncate(display_name),
"tags": utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id),
"gateways": gateways,
"type": "L2GatewayServiceConfig"
}
return do_request(
"POST", _build_uri_path(GWSERVICE_RESOURCE),
json.dumps(gwservice_obj), cluster=cluster)
def update_port(cluster, lswitch_uuid, lport_uuid, neutron_port_id, tenant_id,
display_name, device_id, admin_status_enabled,
mac_address=None, fixed_ips=None, port_security_enabled=None,
security_profiles=None, queue_id=None,
mac_learning_enabled=None, allowed_address_pairs=None):
lport_obj = dict(
admin_status_enabled=admin_status_enabled,
display_name=utils.check_and_truncate(display_name),
tags=utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id,
q_port_id=neutron_port_id,
vm_id=utils.device_id_to_vm_id(device_id)))
_configure_extensions(lport_obj, mac_address, fixed_ips,
port_security_enabled, security_profiles,
queue_id, mac_learning_enabled,
allowed_address_pairs)
path = "/ws.v1/lswitch/" + lswitch_uuid + "/lport/" + lport_uuid
try:
result = nsxlib.do_request(HTTP_PUT, path, jsonutils.dumps(lport_obj),
cluster=cluster)
LOG.debug("Updated logical port %(result)s "
"on logical switch %(uuid)s",
{'result': result['uuid'], 'uuid': lswitch_uuid})
return result
except exception.NotFound as e:
LOG.error(_LE("Port or Network not found, Error: %s"), str(e))
raise exception.PortNotFoundOnNetwork(
port_id=lport_uuid, net_id=lswitch_uuid)
def update_security_profile(cluster, spid, name):
return do_request(HTTP_PUT,
_build_uri_path(SECPROF_RESOURCE, resource_id=spid),
json.dumps({
"display_name": utils.check_and_truncate(name)
}),
cluster=cluster)
def update_port(cluster, lswitch_uuid, lport_uuid, neutron_port_id, tenant_id,
display_name, device_id, admin_status_enabled,
mac_address=None, fixed_ips=None, port_security_enabled=None,
security_profiles=None, queue_id=None,
mac_learning_enabled=None, allowed_address_pairs=None):
lport_obj = dict(
admin_status_enabled=admin_status_enabled,
display_name=utils.check_and_truncate(display_name),
tags=utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id,
q_port_id=neutron_port_id,
vm_id=utils.device_id_to_vm_id(device_id)))
_configure_extensions(lport_obj, mac_address, fixed_ips,
port_security_enabled, security_profiles,
queue_id, mac_learning_enabled,
allowed_address_pairs)
path = "/ws.v1/lswitch/" + lswitch_uuid + "/lport/" + lport_uuid
try:
result = do_request(HTTP_PUT, path, json.dumps(lport_obj),
cluster=cluster)
LOG.debug(_("Updated logical port %(result)s "
"on logical switch %(uuid)s"),
{'result': result['uuid'], 'uuid': lswitch_uuid})
return result
except exception.NotFound as e:
LOG.error(_("Port or Network not found, Error: %s"), str(e))
raise exception.PortNotFoundOnNetwork(
port_id=lport_uuid, net_id=lswitch_uuid)
def create_lqueue(cluster, queue_data):
params = {
'name': 'display_name',
'qos_marking': 'qos_marking',
'min': 'min_bandwidth_rate',
'max': 'max_bandwidth_rate',
'dscp': 'dscp'
}
queue_obj = dict(
(nsx_name, queue_data.get(api_name))
for api_name, nsx_name in params.iteritems()
if attr.is_attr_set(queue_data.get(api_name))
)
if 'display_name' in queue_obj:
queue_obj['display_name'] = utils.check_and_truncate(
queue_obj['display_name'])
queue_obj['tags'] = utils.get_tags()
try:
return do_request(HTTP_POST,
_build_uri_path(LQUEUE_RESOURCE),
jsonutils.dumps(queue_obj),
cluster=cluster)['uuid']
except api_exc.NsxApiException:
# FIXME(salv-orlando): This should not raise NeutronException
with excutils.save_and_reraise_exception():
raise exception.NeutronException()
def create_lswitch(cluster,
neutron_net_id,
tenant_id,
display_name,
transport_zones_config,
shared=None,
**kwargs):
# The tag scope adopts a slightly different naming convention for
# historical reasons
lswitch_obj = {
"display_name": utils.check_and_truncate(display_name),
"transport_zones": transport_zones_config,
"tags": utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id, quantum_net_id=neutron_net_id)
}
# TODO(salv-orlando): Now that we have async status synchronization
# this tag is perhaps not needed anymore
if shared:
lswitch_obj["tags"].append({"tag": "true", "scope": "shared"})
if "tags" in kwargs:
lswitch_obj["tags"].extend(kwargs["tags"])
uri = _build_uri_path(LSWITCH_RESOURCE)
lswitch = do_request(HTTP_POST,
uri,
json.dumps(lswitch_obj),
cluster=cluster)
LOG.debug(_("Created logical switch: %s"), lswitch['uuid'])
return lswitch
def create_lport(cluster, lswitch_uuid, tenant_id, neutron_port_id,
display_name, device_id, admin_status_enabled,
mac_address=None, fixed_ips=None, port_security_enabled=None,
security_profiles=None, queue_id=None,
mac_learning_enabled=None, allowed_address_pairs=None):
"""Creates a logical port on the assigned logical switch."""
display_name = utils.check_and_truncate(display_name)
lport_obj = dict(
admin_status_enabled=admin_status_enabled,
display_name=display_name,
tags=utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id,
q_port_id=neutron_port_id,
vm_id=utils.device_id_to_vm_id(device_id))
)
_configure_extensions(lport_obj, mac_address, fixed_ips,
port_security_enabled, security_profiles,
queue_id, mac_learning_enabled,
allowed_address_pairs)
path = _build_uri_path(LSWITCHPORT_RESOURCE,
parent_resource_id=lswitch_uuid)
result = do_request(HTTP_POST, path, json.dumps(lport_obj),
cluster=cluster)
LOG.debug(_("Created logical port %(result)s on logical switch %(uuid)s"),
{'result': result['uuid'], 'uuid': lswitch_uuid})
return result
def create_lqueue(cluster, queue_data):
params = {
'name': 'display_name',
'qos_marking': 'qos_marking',
'min': 'min_bandwidth_rate',
'max': 'max_bandwidth_rate',
'dscp': 'dscp'
}
queue_obj = dict((nsx_name, queue_data.get(api_name))
for api_name, nsx_name in params.iteritems()
if attr.is_attr_set(queue_data.get(api_name)))
if 'display_name' in queue_obj:
queue_obj['display_name'] = utils.check_and_truncate(
queue_obj['display_name'])
queue_obj['tags'] = utils.get_tags()
try:
return nsxlib.do_request(HTTP_POST,
nsxlib._build_uri_path(LQUEUE_RESOURCE),
jsonutils.dumps(queue_obj),
cluster=cluster)['uuid']
except api_exc.NsxApiException:
# FIXME(salv-orlando): This should not raise NeutronException
with excutils.save_and_reraise_exception():
raise exception.NeutronException()
def create_security_profile(cluster, tenant_id, neutron_id, security_profile):
"""Create a security profile on the NSX backend.
:param cluster: a NSX cluster object reference
:param tenant_id: identifier of the Neutron tenant
:param neutron_id: neutron security group identifier
:param security_profile: dictionary with data for
configuring the NSX security profile.
"""
path = "/ws.v1/security-profile"
# Allow all dhcp responses and all ingress traffic
hidden_rules = {
'logical_port_egress_rules': [{
'ethertype': 'IPv4',
'protocol': constants.PROTO_NUM_UDP,
'port_range_min': constants.DHCP_RESPONSE_PORT,
'port_range_max': constants.DHCP_RESPONSE_PORT,
'ip_prefix': '0.0.0.0/0'
}],
'logical_port_ingress_rules': [{
'ethertype': 'IPv4'
}, {
'ethertype': 'IPv6'
}]
}
display_name = utils.check_and_truncate(security_profile.get('name'))
# NOTE(salv-orlando): neutron-id tags are prepended with 'q' for
# historical reasons
body = mk_body(
tags=utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id, q_sec_group_id=neutron_id),
display_name=display_name,
logical_port_ingress_rules=(
hidden_rules['logical_port_ingress_rules']),
logical_port_egress_rules=hidden_rules['logical_port_egress_rules'])
rsp = nsxlib.do_request(HTTP_POST, path, body, cluster=cluster)
if security_profile.get('name') == 'default':
# If security group is default allow ip traffic between
# members of the same security profile is allowed and ingress traffic
# from the switch
rules = {
'logical_port_egress_rules': [{
'ethertype': 'IPv4',
'profile_uuid': rsp['uuid']
}, {
'ethertype': 'IPv6',
'profile_uuid': rsp['uuid']
}],
'logical_port_ingress_rules': [{
'ethertype': 'IPv4'
}, {
'ethertype': 'IPv6'
}]
}
update_security_group_rules(cluster, rsp['uuid'], rules)
LOG.debug(_("Created Security Profile: %s"), rsp)
return rsp
def update_l2_gw_service(cluster, gateway_id, display_name):
# TODO(salvatore-orlando): Allow updates for gateways too
gwservice_obj = get_l2_gw_service(cluster, gateway_id)
if not display_name:
# Nothing to update
return gwservice_obj
gwservice_obj["display_name"] = utils.check_and_truncate(display_name)
return do_request("PUT", _build_uri_path(GWSERVICE_RESOURCE,
resource_id=gateway_id),
json.dumps(gwservice_obj), cluster=cluster)
def update_lswitch(cluster, lswitch_id, display_name,
tenant_id=None, **kwargs):
uri = _build_uri_path(LSWITCH_RESOURCE, resource_id=lswitch_id)
lswitch_obj = {"display_name": utils.check_and_truncate(display_name),
"tags": utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id)}
if "tags" in kwargs:
lswitch_obj["tags"].extend(kwargs["tags"])
try:
return do_request(HTTP_PUT, uri, json.dumps(lswitch_obj),
cluster=cluster)
except exception.NotFound as e:
LOG.error(_("Network not found, Error: %s"), str(e))
raise exception.NetworkNotFound(net_id=lswitch_id)
def update_lswitch(cluster, lswitch_id, display_name,
tenant_id=None, **kwargs):
uri = nsxlib._build_uri_path(LSWITCH_RESOURCE, resource_id=lswitch_id)
lswitch_obj = {"display_name": utils.check_and_truncate(display_name),
"tags": utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id)}
if "tags" in kwargs:
lswitch_obj["tags"].extend(kwargs["tags"])
try:
return nsxlib.do_request(HTTP_PUT, uri, json.dumps(lswitch_obj),
cluster=cluster)
except exception.NotFound as e:
LOG.error(_("Network not found, Error: %s"), str(e))
raise exception.NetworkNotFound(net_id=lswitch_id)
def update_implicit_routing_lrouter(cluster, r_id, display_name, nexthop):
lrouter_obj = get_lrouter(cluster, r_id)
if not display_name and not nexthop:
# Nothing to update
return lrouter_obj
# It seems that this is faster than the doing an if on display_name
lrouter_obj["display_name"] = utils.check_and_truncate(display_name) or lrouter_obj["display_name"]
if nexthop:
nh_element = lrouter_obj["routing_config"].get("default_route_next_hop")
if nh_element:
nh_element["gateway_ip_address"] = nexthop
return do_request(
HTTP_PUT, _build_uri_path(LROUTER_RESOURCE, resource_id=r_id), jsonutils.dumps(lrouter_obj), cluster=cluster
)
def _prepare_lrouter_body(name, neutron_router_id, tenant_id, router_type, distributed=None, **kwargs):
body = {
"display_name": utils.check_and_truncate(name),
"tags": utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id, q_router_id=neutron_router_id),
"routing_config": {"type": router_type},
"type": "LogicalRouterConfig",
"replication_mode": cfg.CONF.NSX.replication_mode,
}
# add the distributed key only if not None (ie: True or False)
if distributed is not None:
body["distributed"] = distributed
if kwargs:
body["routing_config"].update(kwargs)
return body
def create_lswitch(self, name, tz_config, tags=None, port_isolation=False, replication_mode="service"):
lsconfig = {
"display_name": utils.check_and_truncate(name),
"tags": tags or [],
"type": "LogicalSwitchConfig",
"_schema": "/ws.v1/schema/LogicalSwitchConfig",
"transport_zones": tz_config,
}
if port_isolation is bool:
lsconfig["port_isolation_enabled"] = port_isolation
if replication_mode:
lsconfig["replication_mode"] = replication_mode
response = self.vcns.create_lswitch(lsconfig)[1]
return response
def create_lswitch(self, name, tz_config, tags=None,
port_isolation=False, replication_mode="service"):
lsconfig = {
'display_name': utils.check_and_truncate(name),
"tags": tags or [],
"type": "LogicalSwitchConfig",
"_schema": "/ws.v1/schema/LogicalSwitchConfig",
"transport_zones": tz_config
}
if port_isolation is bool:
lsconfig["port_isolation_enabled"] = port_isolation
if replication_mode:
lsconfig["replication_mode"] = replication_mode
response = self.vcns.create_lswitch(lsconfig)[1]
return response
def update_implicit_routing_lrouter(cluster, r_id, display_name, nexthop):
lrouter_obj = get_lrouter(cluster, r_id)
if not display_name and not nexthop:
# Nothing to update
return lrouter_obj
# It seems that this is faster than the doing an if on display_name
lrouter_obj["display_name"] = (utils.check_and_truncate(display_name) or
lrouter_obj["display_name"])
if nexthop:
nh_element = lrouter_obj["routing_config"].get(
"default_route_next_hop")
if nh_element:
nh_element["gateway_ip_address"] = nexthop
return do_request(HTTP_PUT, _build_uri_path(LROUTER_RESOURCE,
resource_id=r_id),
jsonutils.dumps(lrouter_obj),
cluster=cluster)
def create_security_profile(cluster, tenant_id, neutron_id, security_profile):
"""Create a security profile on the NSX backend.
:param cluster: a NSX cluster object reference
:param tenant_id: identifier of the Neutron tenant
:param neutron_id: neutron security group identifier
:param security_profile: dictionary with data for
configuring the NSX security profile.
"""
path = "/ws.v1/security-profile"
# Allow all dhcp responses and all ingress traffic
hidden_rules = {'logical_port_egress_rules':
[{'ethertype': 'IPv4',
'protocol': constants.PROTO_NUM_UDP,
'port_range_min': constants.DHCP_RESPONSE_PORT,
'port_range_max': constants.DHCP_RESPONSE_PORT,
'ip_prefix': '0.0.0.0/0'}],
'logical_port_ingress_rules':
[{'ethertype': 'IPv4'},
{'ethertype': 'IPv6'}]}
display_name = utils.check_and_truncate(security_profile.get('name'))
# NOTE(salv-orlando): neutron-id tags are prepended with 'q' for
# historical reasons
body = mk_body(
tags=utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id, q_sec_group_id=neutron_id),
display_name=display_name,
logical_port_ingress_rules=(
hidden_rules['logical_port_ingress_rules']),
logical_port_egress_rules=hidden_rules['logical_port_egress_rules']
)
rsp = nsxlib.do_request(HTTP_POST, path, body, cluster=cluster)
if security_profile.get('name') == 'default':
# If security group is default allow ip traffic between
# members of the same security profile is allowed and ingress traffic
# from the switch
rules = {'logical_port_egress_rules': [{'ethertype': 'IPv4',
'profile_uuid': rsp['uuid']},
{'ethertype': 'IPv6',
'profile_uuid': rsp['uuid']}],
'logical_port_ingress_rules': [{'ethertype': 'IPv4'},
{'ethertype': 'IPv6'}]}
update_security_group_rules(cluster, rsp['uuid'], rules)
LOG.debug(_("Created Security Profile: %s"), rsp)
return rsp
def _prepare_lrouter_body(name, neutron_router_id, tenant_id,
router_type, distributed=None, **kwargs):
body = {
"display_name": utils.check_and_truncate(name),
"tags": utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id,
q_router_id=neutron_router_id),
"routing_config": {
"type": router_type
},
"type": "LogicalRouterConfig",
"replication_mode": cfg.CONF.NSX.replication_mode,
}
# add the distributed key only if not None (ie: True or False)
if distributed is not None:
body['distributed'] = distributed
if kwargs:
body["routing_config"].update(kwargs)
return body
def update_lswitch(cluster, lswitch_id, display_name,
tenant_id=None, **kwargs):
uri = nsxlib._build_uri_path(LSWITCH_RESOURCE, resource_id=lswitch_id)
lswitch_obj = {"display_name": utils.check_and_truncate(display_name)}
# NOTE: tag update will not 'merge' existing tags with new ones.
tags = []
if tenant_id:
tags = utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id)
# The 'tags' kwarg might existing and be None
tags.extend(kwargs.get('tags') or [])
if tags:
lswitch_obj['tags'] = tags
try:
return nsxlib.do_request(HTTP_PUT, uri, jsonutils.dumps(lswitch_obj),
cluster=cluster)
except exception.NotFound as e:
LOG.error(_LE("Network not found, Error: %s"), str(e))
raise exception.NetworkNotFound(net_id=lswitch_id)
def create_lswitch(cluster, neutron_net_id, tenant_id, display_name,
transport_zones_config,
shared=None,
**kwargs):
# The tag scope adopts a slightly different naming convention for
# historical reasons
lswitch_obj = {"display_name": utils.check_and_truncate(display_name),
"transport_zones": transport_zones_config,
"tags": utils.get_tags(os_tid=tenant_id,
quantum_net_id=neutron_net_id)}
# TODO(salv-orlando): Now that we have async status synchronization
# this tag is perhaps not needed anymore
if shared:
lswitch_obj["tags"].append({"tag": "true",
"scope": "shared"})
if "tags" in kwargs:
lswitch_obj["tags"].extend(kwargs["tags"])
uri = _build_uri_path(LSWITCH_RESOURCE)
lswitch = do_request(HTTP_POST, uri, json.dumps(lswitch_obj),
cluster=cluster)
LOG.debug(_("Created logical switch: %s"), lswitch['uuid'])
return lswitch
def test_check_and_truncate_name_long_name(self):
name = 'this_is_a_port_whose_name_is_longer_than_40_chars'
result = utils.check_and_truncate(name)
self.assertEqual(len(result), utils.MAX_DISPLAY_NAME_LEN)
def test_check_and_truncate_name_with_short_name(self):
name = 'foo_port_name'
result = utils.check_and_truncate(name)
self.assertEqual(name, result)
def test_check_and_truncate_name_with_none(self):
name = None
result = utils.check_and_truncate(name)
self.assertEqual('', result)
def test_check_and_truncate_name_long_name(self):
name = 'this_is_a_port_whose_name_is_longer_than_40_chars'
result = utils.check_and_truncate(name)
self.assertEqual(len(result), utils.MAX_DISPLAY_NAME_LEN)
def test_check_and_truncate_name_with_short_name(self):
name = 'foo_port_name'
result = utils.check_and_truncate(name)
self.assertEqual(name, result)
def test_check_and_truncate_name_with_none(self):
name = None
result = utils.check_and_truncate(name)
self.assertEqual('', result)
