def _iter(self, rdr, gnm, gprof, dim, tc):
tref = rdr.mod.get_surfref('flatpal')
tref.set_array(self.info_a.d_pal_array, 0)
nbins = dim.ah * dim.astride
fill = lambda b, s, v=i32(0): util.fill_dptr(
self.mod, b, s, stream=self.stream_a, value=v)
fill(self.fb.d_front, 4 * nbins)
fill(self.fb.d_side, 2 * nbins)
fill(self.fb.d_points, self.fb._len_d_points / 4, f32(np.nan))
nts = self.info_a.ntemporal_samples
nsamps = (gprof.spp(tc) * dim.w * dim.h)
nrounds = int(nsamps / (nts * 256. * 256)) + 1
def launch_iter(n):
if n == 0: return
launch('iter', rdr.mod, self.stream_a, (32, 8, 1), (nts, n),
self.fb.d_front, self.fb.d_side,
self.fb.d_rb, self.fb.d_seeds, self.fb.d_points,
self.info_a.d_params)
# Split the launch into multiple rounds, possibly (slightly) reducing
# work overlap but avoiding stalls when working on a device with an
# active X session. TODO: characterize performance impact, autodetect
BLOCK_SIZE = 16
for i in range(BLOCK_SIZE-1, nrounds, BLOCK_SIZE):
launch_iter(BLOCK_SIZE)
launch_iter(nrounds%BLOCK_SIZE)
nblocks = int(np.ceil(np.sqrt(dim.ah*dim.astride/256.)))
launch('flush_atom', self.mod, self.stream_a,
256, (nblocks, nblocks),
u64(self.fb.d_front), u64(self.fb.d_side), i32(nbins))
def apply(self, fb, gprof, params, dim, tc, stream=None):
gam = f32(1 / gprof.filters.colorclip.gamma(tc) - 1)
dsc = mkdsc(dim, 1)
tref = mktref(self.mod, 'chan1_src')
set_blur_width(self.mod, fb.pool, stream=stream)
launch2('apply_gamma', self.mod, stream, dim, fb.d_left, fb.d_front,
f32(0.1))
tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_left, dsc, 4 * dim.astride)
launch2('den_blur_1c',
self.mod,
stream,
dim,
fb.d_back,
i32(2),
i32(0),
texrefs=[tref])
tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_back, dsc, 4 * dim.astride)
launch2('den_blur_1c',
self.mod,
stream,
dim,
fb.d_left,
i32(3),
i32(0),
texrefs=[tref])
launch2('haloclip', self.mod, stream, dim, fb.d_front, fb.d_left, gam)
def _iter(self, rdr, gnm, gprof, dim, tc):
tref = rdr.mod.get_surfref('flatpal')
tref.set_array(self.info_a.d_pal_array, 0)
nbins = dim.ah * dim.astride
fill = lambda b, s, v=i32(0): util.fill_dptr(
self.mod, b, s, stream=self.stream_a, value=v)
fill(self.fb.d_front, 4 * nbins)
fill(self.fb.d_left, 4 * nbins)
fill(self.fb.d_right, 4 * nbins)
fill(self.fb.d_points, self.fb._len_d_points / 4, f32(np.nan))
fill(self.fb.d_uleft, nbins / 2)
fill(self.fb.d_uright, nbins / 2)
nts = self.info_a.ntemporal_samples
nsamps = (gprof.spp(tc) * dim.w * dim.h)
nrounds = int(nsamps / (nts * 256. * 256)) + 1
# Split the launch into multiple rounds, to prevent a system on older
# GPUs from locking up and to give us a chance to flush some stuff.
hidden_stream = cuda.Stream()
iter_stream_left, iter_stream_right = self.stream_a, hidden_stream
block_size = 4
while nrounds:
n = min(nrounds, block_size)
now = time.time()
launch('iter', rdr.mod, iter_stream_left, (32, 8, 1), (nts, n),
self.fb.d_front, self.fb.d_left, self.fb.d_rb,
self.fb.d_seeds, self.fb.d_points, self.fb.d_uleft,
self.info_a.d_params)
delta = time.time() - now
if delta > 0.1:
# More than 100ms passed attempting to launch. The GPU is likely
# out of queued execution resources on a long render, and scheduling
# additional work will just keep spinning the CPU at 100%.
# Do a blocking sync to free up resources. This may slightly reduce
# parallelism but makes it a whole heck of a lot easier to keep
# using the computer while things render.
print >> sys.stderr, 'Launches became blocking, synchronizing'
iter_stream_right.synchronize()
# Make sure the other stream is done flushing before we start
iter_stream_left.wait_for_event(
cuda.Event().record(iter_stream_right))
launch('flush_atom', rdr.mod, iter_stream_left, (16, 16, 1),
(dim.astride / 16, dim.ah / 16), u64(self.fb.d_front),
u64(self.fb.d_left), u64(self.fb.d_uleft), i32(nbins))
self.fb.flip_side()
iter_stream_left, iter_stream_right = iter_stream_right, iter_stream_left
nrounds -= n
block_size += block_size / 2
# Always wait on all events in the hidden stream before continuing on A
self.stream_a.wait_for_event(cuda.Event().record(hidden_stream))
def _iter(self, rdr, gnm, gprof, dim, tc):
tref = rdr.mod.get_surfref('flatpal')
tref.set_array(self.info_a.d_pal_array, 0)
nbins = dim.ah * dim.astride
fill = lambda b, s, v=i32(0): util.fill_dptr(
self.mod, b, s, stream=self.stream_a, value=v)
fill(self.fb.d_front, 4 * nbins)
fill(self.fb.d_left, 4 * nbins)
fill(self.fb.d_right, 4 * nbins)
fill(self.fb.d_points, self.fb._len_d_points / 4, f32(np.nan))
fill(self.fb.d_uleft, nbins / 2)
fill(self.fb.d_uright, nbins / 2)
nts = self.info_a.ntemporal_samples
nsamps = (gprof.spp(tc) * dim.w * dim.h)
nrounds = int(nsamps / (nts * 256. * 256)) + 1
# Split the launch into multiple rounds, to prevent a system on older
# GPUs from locking up and to give us a chance to flush some stuff.
hidden_stream = cuda.Stream()
iter_stream_left, iter_stream_right = self.stream_a, hidden_stream
block_size = 4
while nrounds:
n = min(nrounds, block_size)
now = time.time()
launch('iter', rdr.mod, iter_stream_left, (32, 8, 1), (nts, n),
self.fb.d_front, self.fb.d_left,
self.fb.d_rb, self.fb.d_seeds, self.fb.d_points,
self.fb.d_uleft, self.info_a.d_params)
delta = time.time() - now
if delta > 0.1:
# More than 100ms passed attempting to launch. The GPU is likely
# out of queued execution resources on a long render, and scheduling
# additional work will just keep spinning the CPU at 100%.
# Do a blocking sync to free up resources. This may slightly reduce
# parallelism but makes it a whole heck of a lot easier to keep
# using the computer while things render.
print >> sys.stderr, 'Launches became blocking, synchronizing'
iter_stream_right.synchronize()
# Make sure the other stream is done flushing before we start
iter_stream_left.wait_for_event(cuda.Event().record(iter_stream_right))
launch('flush_atom', rdr.mod, iter_stream_left,
(16, 16, 1), (dim.astride / 16, dim.ah / 16),
u64(self.fb.d_front), u64(self.fb.d_left),
u64(self.fb.d_uleft), i32(nbins))
self.fb.flip_side()
iter_stream_left, iter_stream_right = iter_stream_right, iter_stream_left
nrounds -= n
block_size += block_size / 2
# Always wait on all events in the hidden stream before continuing on A
self.stream_a.wait_for_event(cuda.Event().record(hidden_stream))
def __init__(self, start_address):
super().__init__(start_address)
self.start_address = start_address
self.bg_block_bitmap = i32(0)
self.bg_inode_bitmap = i32(0)
self.bg_inode_table = i32(0)
self.bg_free_blocks_count = i16(0)
self.bg_free_inodes_count = i16(0)
self.bg_used_dirs_count = i16(0)
self.bg_pad = i16(0)
self.bg_reserved = [byte(0)] * 12
def apply(self, fb, gprof, params, dim, tc, stream=None):
gam = f32(1 / gprof.filters.colorclip.gamma(tc) - 1)
dsc = mkdsc(dim, 1)
tref = mktref(self.mod, "chan1_src")
set_blur_width(self.mod, fb.pool, stream=stream)
launch2("apply_gamma", self.mod, stream, dim, fb.d_side, fb.d_front, f32(0.1))
tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_side, dsc, 4 * dim.astride)
launch2("den_blur_1c", self.mod, stream, dim, fb.d_back, i32(2), i32(0), texrefs=[tref])
tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_back, dsc, 4 * dim.astride)
launch2("den_blur_1c", self.mod, stream, dim, fb.d_side, i32(3), i32(0), texrefs=[tref])
launch2("haloclip", self.mod, stream, dim, fb.d_front, fb.d_side, gam)
def launchC(name, mod, stream, dim, fb, *args):
launch(
name,
mod,
stream,
(32, 8, 1),
(int(np.ceil(dim.w / 32.0)), int(np.ceil(dim.h / 8.0))),
fb.d_back,
fb.d_front,
i32(fb.gutter),
i32(dim.w),
i32(dim.astride),
i32(dim.h),
*args
)
def apply(self, fb, gprof, params, dim, tc, stream=None):
# Helper variables and functions to keep it clean
sb = 16 * dim.astride
bs = sb * dim.ah
dsc = mkdsc(dim, 4)
tref = mktref(self.mod, 'chan4_src')
grad_dsc = mkdsc(dim, 1)
grad_tref = mktref(self.mod, 'chan1_src')
set_blur_width(self.mod, fb.pool, stream=stream)
for pattern in range(self.directions):
# Scale spatial parameter so that a "pixel" is equivalent to an
# actual pixel at 1080p
sstd = params.spatial_std(tc) * dim.w / 1920.
tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_front, dsc, sb)
# Blur density two octaves along sampling vector, ultimately
# storing in the side buffer
launch2('den_blur', self.mod, stream, dim,
fb.d_back, i32(pattern), i32(0), texrefs=[tref])
grad_tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_back, grad_dsc, sb / 4)
launch2('den_blur_1c', self.mod, stream, dim,
fb.d_left, i32(pattern), i32(1), texrefs=[grad_tref])
grad_tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_left, grad_dsc, sb / 4)
launch2('bilateral', self.mod, stream, dim,
fb.d_back, i32(pattern), i32(self.radius),
f32(sstd), f32(params.color_std(tc)),
f32(params.density_std(tc)), f32(params.density_pow(tc)),
f32(params.gradient(tc)),
texrefs=[tref, grad_tref])
fb.flip()
def apply(self, fb, gprof, params, dim, tc, stream=None):
gam, lin, lingam = calc_lingam(gprof.filters.colorclip, tc)
dsc = mkdsc(dim, 4)
tref = mktref(self.mod, "chan4_src")
set_blur_width(self.mod, fb.pool, params.width(tc), stream)
launch2("apply_gamma_full_hi", self.mod, stream, dim, fb.d_side, fb.d_front, f32(gam - 1))
tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_side, dsc, 16 * dim.astride)
launch2("full_blur", self.mod, stream, dim, fb.d_back, i32(2), i32(0), texrefs=[tref])
tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_back, dsc, 16 * dim.astride)
launch2("full_blur", self.mod, stream, dim, fb.d_side, i32(3), i32(0), texrefs=[tref])
tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_side, dsc, 16 * dim.astride)
launch2("full_blur", self.mod, stream, dim, fb.d_back, i32(0), i32(0), texrefs=[tref])
tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_back, dsc, 16 * dim.astride)
launch2("full_blur", self.mod, stream, dim, fb.d_side, i32(1), i32(0), texrefs=[tref])
launch2("smearclip", self.mod, stream, dim, fb.d_front, fb.d_side, f32(gam - 1), lin, lingam)
def apply(self, fb, gprof, params, dim, tc, stream=None):
gam, lin, lingam = calc_lingam(gprof.filters.colorclip, tc)
dsc = mkdsc(dim, 4)
tref = mktref(self.mod, 'chan4_src')
set_blur_width(self.mod, fb.pool, params.width(tc), stream)
launch2('apply_gamma_full_hi', self.mod, stream, dim, fb.d_left,
fb.d_front, f32(gam - 1))
tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_left, dsc, 16 * dim.astride)
launch2('full_blur',
self.mod,
stream,
dim,
fb.d_back,
i32(2),
i32(0),
texrefs=[tref])
tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_back, dsc, 16 * dim.astride)
launch2('full_blur',
self.mod,
stream,
dim,
fb.d_left,
i32(3),
i32(0),
texrefs=[tref])
tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_left, dsc, 16 * dim.astride)
launch2('full_blur',
self.mod,
stream,
dim,
fb.d_back,
i32(0),
i32(0),
texrefs=[tref])
tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_back, dsc, 16 * dim.astride)
launch2('full_blur',
self.mod,
stream,
dim,
fb.d_left,
i32(1),
i32(0),
texrefs=[tref])
launch2('smearclip', self.mod, stream, dim, fb.d_front, fb.d_left,
f32(gam - 1), lin, lingam)
def conv(
# input and kernel tensors
x: OpenCLTensor,
kernel: OpenCLTensor,
# strides
strides: tuple) -> OpenCLTensor:
# get device
device = x.device
# get dimensions
ndim = len(x.shape)
kernel_dim = len(kernel.shape) - 2 # without in- and output channels
# TODO: flatten additional dimensions in input
assert ndim == kernel_dim + 2
assert len(strides) == kernel_dim
# build output tensor
out_image_shape = tuple(
(s - k) // st + 1
for s, k, st in zip(x.shape[-kernel_dim:], kernel.shape[2:], strides))
out_shape = x.shape[:-kernel_dim -
1] + (kernel.shape[0], ) + out_image_shape
out_tensor = device.Tensor.empty(out_shape, dtype=x.dtype)
# build kernel
knl = cache_build_conv_kernel(device.context,
kernel_dim=kernel_dim,
dtype=x.dtype)
# set input arguemnts
knl.set_args(
# input and kernel data
x.contiguous().data,
kernel.contiguous().data,
out_tensor.data,
# in- and output shape
i32(kernel.shape[1]),
i32(prod(x.shape[-kernel_dim:])),
*(i32(s) for s in x.shape[-kernel_dim:]),
*(i32(s) for s in out_image_shape),
# kernel shape without output channels
i32(prod(kernel.shape[-kernel_dim:])),
*(i32(s) for s in kernel.shape[-kernel_dim:]),
# strides
*(i32(st) for st in strides))
# execute kernel
global_shape = [prod(out_image_shape), kernel.shape[0],
x.shape[0]] # flat-out-image, out-channels, batch
local_shape = None
cl.enqueue_nd_range_kernel(device.queue, knl, global_shape,
local_shape).wait()
# return output tensor
return out_tensor
def _interp(self, rdr, gnm, dim, ts, td):
d_acc_size = rdr.mod.get_global('acc_size')[0]
p_dim = self.fb.pool.allocate((len(dim), ), u32)
p_dim[:] = dim
cuda.memcpy_htod_async(d_acc_size, p_dim, self.stream_a)
tref = self.mod.get_surfref('flatpal')
tref.set_array(self.info_a.d_pal_array, 0)
launch('interp_palette_flat', self.mod, self.stream_a, 256,
self.info_a.palette_height, self.fb.d_rb, self.fb.d_seeds,
self.src_a.d_ptimes, self.src_a.d_pals, f32(ts),
f32(td / self.info_a.palette_height))
nts = self.info_a.ntemporal_samples
launch('interp_iter_params', rdr.mod, self.stream_a, 256,
np.ceil(nts / 256.), self.info_a.d_params, self.src_a.d_times,
self.src_a.d_knots, f32(ts), f32(td / nts), i32(nts))
def apply(self, fb, gprof, params, dim, tc, stream=None):
# Helper variables and functions to keep it clean
sb = 16 * dim.astride
bs = sb * dim.ah
dsc = mkdsc(dim, 4)
tref = mktref(self.mod, 'chan4_src')
grad_dsc = mkdsc(dim, 1)
grad_tref = mktref(self.mod, 'chan1_src')
set_blur_width(self.mod, fb.pool, stream=stream)
for pattern in range(self.directions):
# Scale spatial parameter so that a "pixel" is equivalent to an
# actual pixel at 1080p
sstd = params.spatial_std(tc) * dim.w / 1920.
tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_front, dsc, sb)
# Blur density two octaves along sampling vector, ultimately
# storing in the side buffer
launch2('den_blur',
self.mod,
stream,
dim,
fb.d_back,
i32(pattern),
i32(0),
texrefs=[tref])
grad_tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_back, grad_dsc, sb / 4)
launch2('den_blur_1c',
self.mod,
stream,
dim,
fb.d_left,
i32(pattern),
i32(1),
texrefs=[grad_tref])
grad_tref.set_address_2d(fb.d_left, grad_dsc, sb / 4)
launch2('bilateral',
self.mod,
stream,
dim,
fb.d_back,
i32(pattern),
i32(self.radius),
f32(sstd),
f32(params.color_std(tc)),
f32(params.density_std(tc)),
f32(params.density_pow(tc)),
f32(params.gradient(tc)),
texrefs=[tref, grad_tref])
fb.flip()
def _interp(self, rdr, gnm, dim, ts, td):
d_acc_size = rdr.mod.get_global('acc_size')[0]
p_dim = self.fb.pool.allocate((len(dim),), u32)
p_dim[:] = dim
cuda.memcpy_htod_async(d_acc_size, p_dim, self.stream_a)
tref = self.mod.get_surfref('flatpal')
tref.set_array(self.info_a.d_pal_array, 0)
launch('interp_palette_flat', self.mod, self.stream_a,
256, self.info_a.palette_height,
self.fb.d_rb, self.fb.d_seeds,
self.src_a.d_ptimes, self.src_a.d_pals,
f32(ts), f32(td / self.info_a.palette_height))
nts = self.info_a.ntemporal_samples
launch('interp_iter_params', rdr.mod, self.stream_a,
256, np.ceil(nts / 256.),
self.info_a.d_params, self.src_a.d_times, self.src_a.d_knots,
f32(ts), f32(td / nts), i32(nts))
def dot(
# inputs
X: OpenCLTensor,
Y: OpenCLTensor,
# kernel information
block_size: int = 8 * 16,
work_per_thread: int = 8) -> OpenCLTensor:
assert 3 >= len(X.shape) == len(Y.shape) >= 2
assert X.shape[:-2] == Y.shape[:-2]
assert X.shape[-1] == Y.shape[-2]
# get tensor information
device = X.device
n, M, N, K = len(X.shape), X.shape[-2], Y.shape[-1], X.shape[-1]
# flatten batch dimensions
X = X.reshape(-1, M, K)
Y = Y.reshape(-1, K, N)
assert X.shape[0] == Y.shape[0], "Batches do not align! (%i != %i)" % (
X.shape[0], Y.shape[0])
# pad inputs to be multiple of block size in both directions
X = _match_blocks(X, block_size)
Y = _match_blocks(Y, block_size)
# create output tensor
B, pad_M, pad_N, pad_K = X.shape[0], X.shape[1], Y.shape[2], X.shape[2]
B, pad_M, pad_N, pad_K = i32(B), i32(pad_M), i32(pad_N), i32(pad_K)
O = device.Tensor.empty(shape=(B, pad_M, pad_N),
dtype=X.dtype) # TODO: broadcast dtype
# kernel global and local thread layout
global_shape = [B, pad_M // work_per_thread, pad_N // work_per_thread]
local_shape = [1] + [block_size // work_per_thread] * 2
# build and call kernel
knl = cache_build_dot_kernel(device.context, X.dtype, Y.dtype, O.dtype,
block_size, work_per_thread)
e = knl(device.queue, global_shape, local_shape,
X.contiguous().data,
Y.contiguous().data, O.data, i32(X.offset), i32(Y.offset), pad_M,
pad_N, pad_K)
e.wait()
# remove padding from output
idx = (slice(0, B) if (n == 3) else 0, slice(0, M), slice(0, N))
return O[idx]
def atom(
op: str,
# input / output tensors
additional_read: tuple = tuple(
), # by default we only read the values of tensors mentioned in output
output=(
'o',
), # output tensors, if not mentioned in named tensors then a new tensor is created
# kernel information
block_size: int = 256, # local block size
# inputs
**
named_tensors # all named tensors (except output tensors) needed for execution of op
) -> Tuple[OpenCLTensor]:
# separate tensors from scalars
named_scalars = {
n: v
for n, v in named_tensors.items() if not isinstance(v, OpenCLTensor)
}
named_tensors = {
n: v
for n, v in named_tensors.items() if isinstance(v, OpenCLTensor)
}
# separate names and values
tensor_names, tensors = zip(*named_tensors.items())
tensor_names, tensors = tuple(tensor_names), tuple(tensors)
if len(named_scalars) > 0:
scalar_names, scalars = zip(*named_scalars.items())
scalar_names, scalars = tuple(scalar_names), tuple(scalars)
else:
scalar_names, scalars = tuple(), tuple()
# get device and dtype
t0 = tensors[0]
device, dtype = t0.device, t0.dtype
shapes = (t.shape for t in tensors)
strides = (t.strides for t in tensors)
# broadcast shape
shape = map(max, zip_longest(*map(reversed, shapes), fillvalue=1))
shape = tuple(map(i32, shape))[::-1]
ndim, numel = len(shape), prod(shape)
# create output tensors if necessary
for out in output:
if out not in tensor_names:
tensor_names += (out, )
tensors += (device.Tensor.empty(shape, dtype=dtype), )
# build strides
strides = tuple((i32(0), ) * (ndim - len(t.strides)) + tuple(
map(lambda st_sh: i32(st_sh[0] if st_sh[1] > 1 else 0),
zip(t.strides, t.shape))) for t in tensors)
# collapse contiguous dimensions to minimize index computations in kernel
if ndim > 1:
shape, strides = _collapse_contiguous_dims(shape, strides)
ndim = len(shape)
# by default we read only tensors that are not in output
read = tuple(n for n in tensor_names if n not in output) + additional_read
buffer_dtypes = tuple(map(lambda t: t.dtype, tensors))
scalar_dtypes = tuple(map(lambda s: np.dtype(type(s)), scalars))
# build kernel and set arguments
knl = cache_build_atom_kernel(device.context,
op=op,
buffers=tensor_names,
buffer_dtypes=buffer_dtypes,
scalars=scalar_names,
scalar_dtypes=scalar_dtypes,
ndim=ndim,
read=read,
write=output)
knl.set_args(
*(t.data for t in tensors), # buffers
*(t.type(s) for t, s in zip(scalar_dtypes, scalars)), # scalars
*shape,
*chain(*strides), # shapes and strides
*(i32(t.offset) for t in tensors), # offsets
i32(numel) # number of elements to compute
)
# execute kernel and return output tensors
cl.enqueue_nd_range_kernel(device.queue, knl,
[ceil(numel / block_size) * block_size],
[block_size]).wait()
return tuple(t for n, t in zip(tensor_names, tensors) if n in output)
def __init__(self, start_address):
super().__init__(start_address)
self.start_address = 1024
self.s_inodes_count = i32(0)
self.s_inodes_count = i32(0)
self.s_blocks_count = i32(0)
self.s_r_blocks_count = i32(0)
self.s_free_blocks_count = i32(0)
self.s_free_inodes_count = i32(0)
self.s_first_data_block = i32(0)
self.s_log_block_size = i32(0)
self.s_log_frag_size = i32(0)
self.s_blocks_per_group = i32(0)
self.s_frags_per_group = i32(0)
self.s_inodes_per_group = i32(0)
self.s_mtime = i32(0)
self.s_wtime = i32(0)
self.s_mnt_count = i16(0)
self.s_max_mnt_count = i16(0)
self.s_magic = i16(0)
self.s_state = i16(0)
self.s_errors = i16(0)
self.s_minor_rev_level = i16(0)
self.s_lastcheck = i32(0)
self.s_checkinterval = i32(0)
self.s_creator_os = i32(0)
self.s_rev_level = i32(0)
self.s_def_resuid = i16(0)
self.s_def_resgid = i16(0)
# EXT2_DYNAMIC_REV Specific
self.s_first_ino = i32(0)
self.s_inode_size = i16(0)
self.s_block_group_nr = i16(0)
self.s_feature_compat = i32(0)
self.s_feature_incompat = i32(0)
self.s_feature_ro_compat = i32(0)
# o 104 s 16
self.s_uuid = "some string?"
# o 120 s 16
self.s_volume_name = "16 bytes volume name, mostly unusued. A valid volume name would consist of only " \
"ISO-Latin-1 characters and be 0 terminated. "
# o 136 s 64
self.s_last_mounted = "64 bytes directory path where the file system was last mounted. While not normally " \
"used, it could serve for auto-finding the mountpoint when not indicated on the command " \
"line. Again the path should be zero terminated for compatibility reasons. Valid path " \
"is constructed from ISO-Latin-1 characters. "
# o 200 s 4
self.s_algo_bitmap = "32bit value used by compression algorithms to determine the compression method(s) used."
# Performance Hints
self.s_prealloc_blocks = byte(0)
self.s_prealloc_dir_blocks = byte(0)
self.allignment = i16(0) # o 206
# Journaling Support
self.s_journal_uuid = "16-byte value containing the uuid of the journal superblock. See Ext3 Journaling for " \
"more information. "
self.s_journal_inum = i32(0)
self.s_journal_dev = i32(0)
self.s_last_orphan = i32(0)
# Directory Indexing Support
self.s_hash_seed = [i32(0)] * 4
self.s_def_hash_version = byte(0)
self.padding = [byte(0)] * 3 # reserved for future expansion
# Other options
self.s_default_mount_options = i32(0)
self.s_first_meta_bg = i32(0)
# o 264 s 760 - reserved for future revisions
self.unused = [byte(0)] * 760
def __init__(self, start_address):
super().__init__(start_address)
self.start_address = start_address # bg_inode_table
self.i_mode = i16(0)
self.i_uid = i16(0)
self.i_size = i32(0)
self.i_atime = i32(0)
self.i_ctime = i32(0)
self.i_mtime = i32(0)
self.i_dtime = i32(0)
self.i_gid = i16(0)
self.i_links_count = i16(0)
self.i_blocks = i32(0)
self.i_flags = i32(0)
self.i_osd1 = i32(0)
self.i_block = [i32(0)] * 15 # 12 blocks - direct block
# 13th entry in this array is the block number of the first indirect block
# 14th entry in this array is the block number of the first doubly-indirect block
# 15th entry in this array is the block number of the triply-indirect block
self.i_generation = i32(0)
self.i_file_acl = i32(0)
self.i_dir_acl = i32(0)
self.i_faddr = i32(0)
self.i_osd2 = [byte(0)] * 12 # 96 bit OS dependant
def launchC(name, mod, stream, dim, fb, *args):
launch(name, mod, stream, (32, 8, 1),
(int(np.ceil(dim.w / 32.)), int(np.ceil(dim.h / 8.))),
fb.d_back, fb.d_front, i32(fb.gutter), i32(dim.w), i32(dim.astride),
i32(dim.h), *args)
def reduce(
reduction: str, # reduction expression using variables 'a' and 'b'
# input tensor
T: OpenCLTensor,
# options
axis: Tuple[int],
neutral: str = "0",
# kernel information
group_size: int = 128) -> OpenCLTensor:
# get device
device = T.device
# total number of elements to reduce
reduce_numel = prod((T.shape[i] for i in axis))
keep_numel = prod(
(T.shape[i] for i in range(len(T.shape)) if i not in axis))
n_work_groups = ceil(reduce_numel /
(group_size * 2)) # number of work-groups needed
# build output tensor
shape = tuple(s if i not in axis else 1 for i, s in enumerate(T.shape))
shape = (1, ) if len(shape) == 0 else shape
# output tensor also stores partial sums of each iterations, thus n_work_groups
O = device.Tensor.empty(shape + (n_work_groups, ), dtype=T.dtype)
# transpose to have reduction dimensions at last
if len(axis) < len(T.shape):
perm = list(range(len(T.shape)))
for i, j in enumerate(axis, 1):
perm[-i], perm[j] = perm[j], perm[-i]
T = T.transpose(*perm)
# build kernels
use_strides = (len(axis) < len(T.shape) and not T.is_contiguous())
knl = cache_build_reduction_kernel(
device.context,
reduction=reduction,
dtype=T.dtype,
neutral=neutral,
ndim=len(T.shape) if use_strides else
0, # set to 0 if not needed to prevent compiling a new kernel
use_strides=use_strides,
block_size=group_size)
next_knl = cache_build_reduction_kernel(device.context,
reduction=reduction,
dtype=T.dtype,
neutral=neutral,
ndim=0,
use_strides=False,
block_size=group_size)
# build additional strided input arguments
stride_args = (*(i32(s) for s in T.shape),
*(i32(st) for st in T.strides)) if use_strides else tuple()
while (reduce_numel > 1):
knl.set_args(T.data, O.data, i32(T.offset), *stride_args,
i32(reduce_numel))
e = cl.enqueue_nd_range_kernel(
device.queue, knl, [keep_numel, n_work_groups * group_size],
[1, group_size])
# update values
T = O # input of further iterations is output of current iteration
reduce_numel = n_work_groups
n_work_groups = ceil(reduce_numel / (group_size * 2))
knl = next_knl
stride_args = tuple()
# wait for queue to finish
e.wait()
# remove partial sums stored in last dimension of output
return device.Tensor(O.data, shape=shape, dtype=O.dtype)