def urlopen(self, url, **kwargs):
"""Wraps urllib2.urlopen() and passes through the access token.
"""
log_url = url
if self.access_token:
log_url = util.add_query_params(url, [('access_token',
self.access_token[:4] + '...')])
url = util.add_query_params(url, [('access_token', self.access_token)])
logging.info('Fetching %s, kwargs %s', log_url, kwargs)
return urllib2.urlopen(urllib2.Request(url, **kwargs),
timeout=appengine_config.HTTP_TIMEOUT)
def urlopen(self, url, **kwargs):
"""Wraps urllib2.urlopen() and passes through the access token.
"""
log_url = url
if self.access_token:
log_url = util.add_query_params(url, [('access_token',
self.access_token[:4] + '...')])
# TODO add access_token to the data parameter for POST requests
url = util.add_query_params(url, [('access_token', self.access_token)])
logging.info('Fetching %s, kwargs %s', log_url, kwargs)
resp = urllib2.urlopen(urllib2.Request(url, **kwargs),
timeout=appengine_config.HTTP_TIMEOUT)
return resp if kwargs.get('data') else json.loads(resp.read()).get('data')
def urlopen(self, url, **kwargs):
"""Wraps urllib2.urlopen() and passes through the access token.
"""
log_url = url
if self.access_token:
log_url = util.add_query_params(url, [('access_token',
self.access_token[:4] + '...')])
# TODO add access_token to the data parameter for POST requests
url = util.add_query_params(url, [('access_token', self.access_token)])
logging.info('Fetching %s, kwargs %s', log_url, kwargs)
resp = urllib2.urlopen(urllib2.Request(url, **kwargs),
timeout=appengine_config.HTTP_TIMEOUT)
return resp if kwargs.get('data') else json.loads(resp.read()).get('data')
def urlopen(self, relative_url, parse_response=True, **kwargs):
"""Wraps urllib2.urlopen() and passes through the access token.
Returns: decoded JSON dict if parse_response is True, otherwise urlopen
response object
"""
url = API_BASE + relative_url
log_url = url
if self.access_token:
log_url = util.add_query_params(url, [('access_token',
self.access_token[:4] + '...')])
url = util.add_query_params(url, [('access_token', self.access_token)])
logging.info('Fetching %s, kwargs %s', log_url, kwargs)
resp = urllib2.urlopen(urllib2.Request(url, **kwargs),
timeout=appengine_config.HTTP_TIMEOUT)
return json.loads(resp.read()) if parse_response else resp
def fetch_replies(self, activities, min_id=None):
"""Fetches and injects Twitter replies into a list of activities, in place.
Includes indirect replies ie reply chains, not just direct replies. Searches
for @-mentions, matches them to the original tweets with
in_reply_to_status_id_str, and recurses until it's walked the entire tree.
Args:
activities: list of activity dicts
Returns:
same activities list
"""
# cache searches for @-mentions for individual users. maps username to dict
# mapping tweet id to ActivityStreams reply object dict.
mentions = {}
# find replies
for activity in activities:
# list of ActivityStreams reply object dict and set of seen activity ids
# (tag URIs). seed with the original tweet; we'll filter it out later.
replies = [activity]
_, id = util.parse_tag_uri(activity['id'])
seen_ids = set([id])
for reply in replies:
# get mentions of this tweet's author so we can search them for replies to
# this tweet. can't use statuses/mentions_timeline because i'd need to
# auth as the user being mentioned.
# https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/get/statuses/mentions_timeline
#
# note that these HTTP requests are synchronous. you can make async
# requests by using urlfetch.fetch() directly, but not with urllib2.
# https://developers.google.com/appengine/docs/python/urlfetch/asynchronousrequests
author = reply['actor']['username']
if author not in mentions:
url = API_SEARCH % {
'q': urllib.quote_plus('@' + author.encode('utf-8')),
'count': 100,
}
if min_id is not None:
url = util.add_query_params(url, {'since_id': min_id})
mentions[author] = self.urlopen(url)['statuses']
# look for replies. add any we find to the end of replies. this makes us
# recursively follow reply chains to their end. (python supports
# appending to a sequence while you're iterating over it.)
for mention in mentions[author]:
id = mention['id_str']
if (mention.get('in_reply_to_status_id_str') in seen_ids and
id not in seen_ids):
replies.append(self.tweet_to_activity(mention))
seen_ids.add(id)
items = [r['object'] for r in replies[1:]] # filter out seed activity
activity['object']['replies'] = {
'items': items,
'totalItems': len(items),
}
def fetch_replies(self, activities, min_id=None):
"""Fetches and injects Twitter replies into a list of activities, in place.
Includes indirect replies ie reply chains, not just direct replies. Searches
for @-mentions, matches them to the original tweets with
in_reply_to_status_id_str, and recurses until it's walked the entire tree.
Args:
activities: list of activity dicts
Returns:
same activities list
"""
# cache searches for @-mentions for individual users. maps username to dict
# mapping tweet id to ActivityStreams reply object dict.
mentions = {}
# find replies
for activity in activities:
# list of ActivityStreams reply object dict and set of seen activity ids
# (tag URIs). seed with the original tweet; we'll filter it out later.
replies = [activity]
_, id = util.parse_tag_uri(activity['id'])
seen_ids = set([id])
for reply in replies:
# get mentions of this tweet's author so we can search them for replies to
# this tweet. can't use statuses/mentions_timeline because i'd need to
# auth as the user being mentioned.
# https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/get/statuses/mentions_timeline
#
# note that these HTTP requests are synchronous. you can make async
# requests by using urlfetch.fetch() directly, but not with urllib2.
# https://developers.google.com/appengine/docs/python/urlfetch/asynchronousrequests
author = reply['actor']['username']
if author not in mentions:
url = API_SEARCH_URL % {
'q': urllib.quote_plus('@' + author),
'count': 100,
}
if min_id is not None:
url = util.add_query_params(url, {'since_id': min_id})
mentions[author] = self.urlopen(url)['statuses']
# look for replies. add any we find to the end of replies. this makes us
# recursively follow reply chains to their end. (python supports
# appending to a sequence while you're iterating over it.)
for mention in mentions[author]:
id = mention['id_str']
if (mention.get('in_reply_to_status_id_str') in seen_ids and
id not in seen_ids):
replies.append(self.tweet_to_activity(mention))
seen_ids.add(id)
items = [r['object'] for r in replies[1:]] # filter out seed activity
activity['object']['replies'] = {
'items': items,
'totalItems': len(items),
}
def urlopen(self, relative_url, parse_response=True, **kwargs):
"""Wraps urllib2.urlopen() and passes through the access token.
Returns: decoded JSON dict if parse_response is True, otherwise urlopen
response object
"""
url = API_BASE + relative_url
log_url = url
if self.access_token:
log_url = util.add_query_params(url, [('access_token',
self.access_token[:4] + '...')])
url = util.add_query_params(url, [('access_token', self.access_token)])
logging.info('Fetching %s, kwargs %s', log_url, kwargs)
resp = urllib2.urlopen(urllib2.Request(url, **kwargs),
timeout=appengine_config.HTTP_TIMEOUT)
return json.loads(resp.read()) if parse_response else resp
def urlopen(self, url, **kwargs):
"""Wraps urllib2.urlopen() and passes through the access token."""
log_url = url
if self.access_token:
# TODO add access_token to the data parameter for POST requests
url = util.add_query_params(url, [('access_token', self.access_token)])
resp = util.urlopen(urllib2.Request(url, **kwargs))
return resp if kwargs.get('data') else json.loads(resp.read()).get('data')
def urlopen(self, url, **kwargs):
"""Wraps :func:`urllib2.urlopen()` and passes through the access token."""
log_url = url
if self.access_token:
# TODO add access_token to the data parameter for POST requests
url = util.add_query_params(url, [('access_token', self.access_token)])
resp = util.urlopen(urllib2.Request(url, **kwargs))
return (resp if kwargs.get('data')
else source.load_json(resp.read(), url).get('data'))
def urlopen(self, url, **kwargs):
"""Wraps :func:`urllib2.urlopen()` and passes through the access token."""
if self.access_token:
# TODO add access_token to the data parameter for POST requests
url = util.add_query_params(url,
[('access_token', self.access_token)])
resp = util.urlopen(urllib.request.Request(url, **kwargs))
return (resp if kwargs.get('data') else source.load_json(
resp.read(), url).get('data'))
def fetch_mentions(self, username, min_id=None):
"""Fetches a user's @-mentions and returns them as ActivityStreams.
Tries to only include explicit mentions, not mentions automatically created
by @-replying. See the get_activities() docstring for details.
Args:
username: string
min_id: only return activities with ids greater than this
Returns:
list of activity dicts
"""
# get mentions
url = API_SEARCH_URL % {
'q': urllib.quote_plus('@' + username),
'count': 100,
}
if min_id is not None:
url = util.add_query_params(url, {'since_id': min_id})
candidates = self.urlopen(url)['statuses']
# fetch in-reply-to tweets (if any)
in_reply_to_ids = util.trim_nulls(
[c.get('in_reply_to_status_id_str') for c in candidates])
origs = {o.get('id_str'): o for o in
self.urlopen(API_LOOKUP_URL % ','.join(in_reply_to_ids))}
# filter out tweets that we don't consider mentions
mentions = []
for c in candidates:
if (c.get('user', {}).get('screen_name') == username or
c.get('retweeted_status')):
continue
reply_to = origs.get(c.get('in_reply_to_status_id_str'))
if not reply_to:
mentions.append(c)
else:
reply_to_user = reply_to.get('user', {}).get('screen_name')
mentioned = [u.get('screen_name') for u in
reply_to.get('entities', {}).get('user_mentions', [])]
if username != reply_to_user and username not in mentioned:
mentions.append(c)
return mentions
class Twitter(source.Source):
"""Implements the ActivityStreams API for Twitter.
"""
DOMAIN = 'twitter.com'
NAME = 'Twitter'
FRONT_PAGE_TEMPLATE = 'templates/twitter_index.html'
# HTML snippet for embedding a tweet.
# https://dev.twitter.com/docs/embedded-tweets
EMBED_POST = """
<script async defer src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
<br />
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" lang="en" data-dnt="true">
<p><a href="%(url)s">%(content)s</a></p>
</blockquote>
"""
def __init__(self, access_token_key, access_token_secret):
"""Constructor.
Twitter now requires authentication in v1.1 of their API. You can get an
OAuth access token by creating an app here: https://dev.twitter.com/apps/new
Args:
access_token_key: string, OAuth access token key
access_token_secret: string, OAuth access token secret
"""
self.access_token_key = access_token_key
self.access_token_secret = access_token_secret
def get_actor(self, screen_name=None):
"""Returns a user as a JSON ActivityStreams actor dict.
Args:
screen_name: string username. Defaults to the current user.
"""
if screen_name is None:
url = API_CURRENT_USER_URL
else:
url = API_USER_URL % screen_name
return self.user_to_actor(self.urlopen(url))
def get_activities_response(self,
user_id=None,
group_id=None,
app_id=None,
activity_id=None,
start_index=0,
count=0,
etag=None,
min_id=None,
cache=None,
fetch_replies=False,
fetch_likes=False,
fetch_shares=False,
fetch_events=False,
search_query=None):
"""Fetches posts and converts them to ActivityStreams activities.
XXX HACK: this is currently hacked for bridgy to NOT pass min_id to the
request for fetching activity tweets themselves, but to pass it to all of
the requests for filling in replies, retweets, etc. That's because we want
to find new replies and retweets of older initial tweets.
TODO: find a better way.
See method docstring in source.py for details. app_id is ignored.
min_id is translated to Twitter's since_id.
The code for handling ETags (and 304 Not Changed responses and setting
If-None-Match) is here, but unused right now since Twitter evidently doesn't
support ETags. From https://dev.twitter.com/discussions/5800 :
"I've confirmed with our team that we're not explicitly supporting this
family of features."
Likes (ie favorites) are scraped from twitter.com HTML, since Twitter's REST
API doesn't offer a way to fetch them. You can also get them from the
Streaming API, though, and convert them with streaming_event_to_object().
https://dev.twitter.com/docs/streaming-apis/messages#Events_event
Shares (ie retweets) are fetched with a separate API call per tweet:
https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/get/statuses/retweets/%3Aid
However, retweets are only fetched for the first 15 tweets that have them,
since that's Twitter's rate limit per 15 minute window. :(
https://dev.twitter.com/docs/rate-limiting/1.1/limits
Use the group_id @self to retrieve a user_id’s timeline. If user_id is None
or @me, it will return tweets for the current API user.
group_id can be used to specify the slug of a list for which to return tweets.
By default the current API user’s lists will be used, but lists owned by other
users can be fetched by explicitly passing a username to user_id, e.g. to
fetch tweets from the list @exampleuser/example-list you would call
get_activities(user_id='exampleuser', group_id='example-list').
"""
activities = []
if activity_id:
tweets = [self.urlopen(API_STATUS_URL % activity_id)]
total_count = len(tweets)
else:
if group_id == source.SELF:
if user_id in (None, source.ME):
url = API_SELF_TIMELINE_URL % (count + start_index)
else:
url = API_USER_TIMELINE_URL % {
'count': count + start_index,
'screen_name': user_id,
}
if fetch_likes:
liked = self.urlopen(API_FAVORITES_URL % (user_id or ''))
if liked:
user = self.urlopen(
API_USER_URL %
user_id if user_id else API_CURRENT_USER_URL)
activities += [
self._make_like(tweet, user) for tweet in liked
]
elif group_id == source.SEARCH:
url = API_SEARCH_URL % {
'q': urllib.quote_plus(search_query),
'count': count + start_index,
}
elif group_id in (None, source.FRIENDS, source.ALL):
url = API_TIMELINE_URL % (count + start_index)
else:
url = API_LIST_TIMELINE_URL % {
'count':
count + start_index,
'slug':
group_id,
'owner_screen_name':
user_id or self.get_actor().get('username')
}
headers = {'If-None-Match': etag} if etag else {}
total_count = None
try:
resp = self.urlopen(url, headers=headers, parse_response=False)
etag = resp.info().get('ETag')
tweet_obj = json.loads(resp.read())
if group_id == source.SEARCH:
tweet_obj = tweet_obj.get('statuses', [])
tweets = tweet_obj[start_index:]
except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
if e.code == 304: # Not Modified, from a matching ETag
tweets = []
else:
raise
# batch get memcached counts of favorites and retweets for all tweets
cached = {}
if cache is not None:
keys = itertools.product(('ATR', 'ATF'),
[t['id_str'] for t in tweets])
cached = cache.get_multi('%s %s' % (prefix, id)
for prefix, id in keys)
# only update the cache at the end, in case we hit an error before then
cache_updates = {}
if fetch_shares:
retweet_calls = 0
for tweet in tweets:
if tweet.get('retweeted'): # this tweet is itself a retweet
continue
elif retweet_calls >= RETWEET_LIMIT:
logging.warning(
"Hit Twitter's retweet rate limit (%d) with more to "
"fetch! Results will be incomplete!" % RETWEET_LIMIT)
break
# store retweets in the 'retweets' field, which is handled by
# tweet_to_activity().
# TODO: make these HTTP requests asynchronous. not easy since we don't
# (yet) require threading support or use a non-blocking HTTP library.
#
# twitter limits this API endpoint to one call per minute per user,
# which is easy to hit, so we stop before we hit that.
# https://dev.twitter.com/docs/rate-limiting/1.1/limits
#
# can't use the statuses/retweets_of_me endpoint because it only
# returns the original tweets, not the retweets or their authors.
id = tweet['id_str']
count = tweet.get('retweet_count')
if count and count != cached.get('ATR ' + id):
url = API_RETWEETS_URL % id
if min_id is not None:
url = util.add_query_params(url, {'since_id': min_id})
tweet['retweets'] = self.urlopen(url)
retweet_calls += 1
cache_updates['ATR ' + id] = count
tweet_activities = [self.tweet_to_activity(t) for t in tweets]
if fetch_replies:
self.fetch_replies(tweet_activities, min_id=min_id)
if fetch_likes:
for tweet, activity in zip(tweets, tweet_activities):
id = tweet['id_str']
count = tweet.get('favorite_count')
if count and count != cached.get('ATF ' + id):
url = HTML_FAVORITES_URL % id
logging.debug('Fetching %s', url)
try:
html = json.loads(
urllib2.urlopen(url,
timeout=HTTP_TIMEOUT).read()).get(
'htmlUsers', '')
except urllib2.URLError, e:
util.interpret_http_exception(e) # just log it
continue
likes = self.favorites_html_to_likes(tweet, html)
activity['object'].setdefault('tags', []).extend(likes)
cache_updates['ATF ' + id] = count
def maybe_add_or_delete_source(self, source_cls, auth_entity, state, **kwargs):
"""Adds or deletes a source if auth_entity is not None.
Used in each source's oauth-dropins :meth:`CallbackHandler.finish()` and
:meth:`CallbackHandler.get()` methods, respectively.
Args:
source_cls: source class, e.g. :class:`instagram.Instagram`
auth_entity: ouath-dropins auth entity
state: string, OAuth callback state parameter. a JSON serialized dict
with operation, feature, and an optional callback URL. For deletes,
it will also include the source key
kwargs: passed through to the source_cls constructor
Returns:
source entity if it was created or updated, otherwise None
"""
state_obj = util.decode_oauth_state(state)
operation = state_obj.get('operation', 'add')
feature = state_obj.get('feature')
callback = state_obj.get('callback')
user_url = state_obj.get('user_url')
logging.debug(
'maybe_add_or_delete_source with operation=%s, feature=%s, callback=%s',
operation, feature, callback)
if operation == 'add': # this is an add/update
if not auth_entity:
if not self.messages:
self.messages.add("OK, you're not signed up. Hope you reconsider!")
if callback:
callback = util.add_query_params(callback, {'result': 'declined'})
logging.debug(
'user declined adding source, redirect to external callback %s',
callback)
# call super.redirect so the callback url is unmodified
super(Handler, self).redirect(callback.encode('utf-8'))
else:
self.redirect('/')
return
CachedPage.invalidate('/users')
logging.info('%s.create_new with %s', source_cls.__class__.__name__,
(auth_entity.key, state, kwargs))
source = source_cls.create_new(self, auth_entity=auth_entity,
features=feature.split(',') if feature else [],
user_url=user_url, **kwargs)
if source:
# add to login cookie
logins = self.get_logins()
logins.append(Login(path=source.bridgy_path(), site=source.SHORT_NAME,
name=source.label_name()))
self.set_logins(logins)
if callback:
callback = util.add_query_params(callback, {
'result': 'success',
'user': source.bridgy_url(self),
'key': source.key.urlsafe(),
} if source else {'result': 'failure'})
logging.debug(
'finished adding source, redirect to external callback %s', callback)
# call super.redirect so the callback url is unmodified
super(Handler, self).redirect(callback.encode('utf-8'))
elif source and not source.domains:
self.redirect('/edit-websites?' + urllib.urlencode({
'source_key': source.key.urlsafe(),
}))
else:
self.redirect(source.bridgy_url(self) if source else '/')
return source
else: # this is a delete
if auth_entity:
self.redirect('/delete/finish?auth_entity=%s&state=%s' %
(auth_entity.key.urlsafe(), state))
else:
self.messages.add('If you want to disable, please approve the %s prompt.' %
source_cls.GR_CLASS.NAME)
source_key = state_obj.get('source')
if source_key:
source = ndb.Key(urlsafe=source_key).get()
if source:
return self.redirect(source.bridgy_url(self))
self.redirect('/')
resp = self.urlopen(id)
if resp.get('error'):
logging.warning("Couldn't fetch object %s: %s", id, resp)
else:
posts = [resp]
break
except urllib2.URLError, e:
logging.warning("Couldn't fetch object %s: %s", id, e)
else:
posts = []
else:
url = API_SELF_POSTS if group_id == source.SELF else API_HOME
url = url % (user_id if user_id else 'me', start_index)
if count:
url = util.add_query_params(url, {'limit': count})
headers = {'If-None-Match': etag} if etag else {}
try:
resp = self.urlopen(url, headers=headers, parse_response=False)
etag = resp.info().get('ETag')
posts = json.loads(resp.read()).get('data', [])
except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
if e.code == 304: # Not Modified, from a matching ETag
posts = []
else:
raise
activities = [self.post_to_activity(p) for p in posts]
if fetch_shares:
id_to_activity = {}
def maybe_add_or_delete_source(self, source_cls, auth_entity, state, **kwargs):
"""Adds or deletes a source if auth_entity is not None.
Used in each source's oauth-dropins :meth:`CallbackHandler.finish()` and
:meth:`CallbackHandler.get()` methods, respectively.
Args:
source_cls: source class, e.g. :class:`instagram.Instagram`
auth_entity: ouath-dropins auth entity
state: string, OAuth callback state parameter. a JSON serialized dict
with operation, feature, and an optional callback URL. For deletes,
it will also include the source key
kwargs: passed through to the source_cls constructor
Returns:
source entity if it was created or updated, otherwise None
"""
state_obj = util.decode_oauth_state(state)
operation = state_obj.get('operation', 'add')
feature = state_obj.get('feature')
callback = state_obj.get('callback')
user_url = state_obj.get('user_url')
logging.debug(
'maybe_add_or_delete_source with operation=%s, feature=%s, callback=%s',
operation, feature, callback)
if operation == 'add': # this is an add/update
if not auth_entity:
if not self.messages:
self.messages.add("OK, you're not signed up. Hope you reconsider!")
if callback:
callback = util.add_query_params(callback, {'result': 'declined'})
logging.debug(
'user declined adding source, redirect to external callback %s',
callback)
# call super.redirect so the callback url is unmodified
super(Handler, self).redirect(callback)
else:
self.redirect('/')
return
CachedPage.invalidate('/users')
logging.info('%s.create_new with %s', source_cls.__class__.__name__,
(auth_entity.key, state, kwargs))
source = source_cls.create_new(self, auth_entity=auth_entity,
features=feature.split(',') if feature else [],
user_url=user_url, **kwargs)
if source:
# add to login cookie
logins = self.get_logins()
logins.append(Login(path=source.bridgy_path(), site=source.SHORT_NAME,
name=source.label_name()))
self.set_logins(logins)
if callback:
callback = util.add_query_params(callback, {
'result': 'success',
'user': source.bridgy_url(self),
'key': source.key.urlsafe().decode(),
} if source else {'result': 'failure'})
logging.debug(
'finished adding source, redirect to external callback %s', callback)
# call super.redirect so the callback url is unmodified
super(Handler, self).redirect(callback)
elif source and not source.domains:
self.redirect('/edit-websites?' + urllib.parse.urlencode({
'source_key': source.key.urlsafe().decode(),
}))
else:
self.redirect(source.bridgy_url(self) if source else '/')
return source
else: # this is a delete
if auth_entity:
self.redirect('/delete/finish?auth_entity=%s&state=%s' %
(auth_entity.key.urlsafe().decode(), state))
else:
self.messages.add('If you want to disable, please approve the %s prompt.' %
source_cls.GR_CLASS.NAME)
source_key = state_obj.get('source')
if source_key:
source = ndb.Key(urlsafe=source_key).get()
if source:
return self.redirect(source.bridgy_url(self))
self.redirect('/')
def get_activities_response(self, user_id=None, group_id=None, app_id=None,
activity_id=None, start_index=0, count=0,
etag=None, min_id=None, cache=None,
fetch_replies=False, fetch_likes=False,
fetch_shares=False, fetch_events=False,
fetch_mentions=False, search_query=None,
scrape=False, cookie=None, **kwargs):
"""Fetches posts and converts them to ActivityStreams activities.
See method docstring in source.py for details. app_id is ignored.
Supports min_id, but not ETag, since Instagram doesn't support it.
http://instagram.com/developer/endpoints/users/#get_users_feed
http://instagram.com/developer/endpoints/users/#get_users_media_recent
Likes are always included, regardless of the fetch_likes kwarg. They come
bundled in the 'likes' field of the API Media object:
http://instagram.com/developer/endpoints/media/#
Mentions are never fetched or included because the API doesn't support
searching for them.
https://github.com/snarfed/bridgy/issues/523#issuecomment-155523875
Shares are never fetched included since there is no share feature.
Instagram only supports search over hashtags, so if search_query is set, it
must begin with #.
May populate a custom 'ig_like_count' property in media objects. (Currently
only when scraping.)
Args:
scrape: if True, scrapes HTML from instagram.com instead of using the API.
Populates the user's actor object in the 'actor' response field.
Useful for apps that haven't yet been approved in the new permissions
approval process. Currently only supports group_id=SELF. Also supports
passing a shortcode as activity_id as well as the internal API id.
http://developers.instagram.com/post/133424514006/instagram-platform-update
cookie: string, only used if scrape=True
**: see :meth:`Source.get_activities_reponse`
Raises:
InstagramAPIError
"""
if scrape or self.scrape:
if not (activity_id or
(group_id == source.SELF and user_id) or
(group_id == source.FRIENDS and cookie)):
raise NotImplementedError(
'Scraping only supports activity_id, user_id and group_id=@self, or cookie and group_id=@friends.')
return self._scrape(user_id=user_id, activity_id=activity_id, cookie=cookie,
fetch_extras=fetch_replies or fetch_likes, cache=cache)
if user_id is None:
user_id = 'self'
if group_id is None:
group_id = source.FRIENDS
if search_query:
if search_query.startswith('#'):
search_query = search_query[1:]
else:
raise NotImplementedError(
'Instagram only supports search over hashtags, so search_query must '
'begin with the # character.')
# TODO: paging
media = []
kwargs = {}
if min_id is not None:
kwargs['min_id'] = min_id
activities = []
try:
media_url = (API_MEDIA_URL % activity_id if activity_id else
API_USER_MEDIA_URL % user_id if group_id == source.SELF else
API_MEDIA_POPULAR_URL if group_id == source.ALL else
API_MEDIA_SEARCH_URL % search_query if group_id == source.SEARCH else
API_USER_FEED_URL if group_id == source.FRIENDS else None)
assert media_url
media = self.urlopen(util.add_query_params(media_url, kwargs))
if media:
if activity_id:
media = [media]
activities += [self.media_to_activity(m) for m in util.trim_nulls(media)]
if group_id == source.SELF and fetch_likes:
# add the user's own likes
liked = self.urlopen(
util.add_query_params(API_USER_LIKES_URL % user_id, kwargs))
if liked:
user = self.urlopen(API_USER_URL % user_id)
activities += [self.like_to_object(user, l['id'], l['link'])
for l in liked]
except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
code, body = util.interpret_http_exception(e)
# instagram api should give us back a json block describing the
# error. but if it's an error for some other reason, it probably won't
# be properly formatted json.
try:
body_obj = json.loads(body) if body else {}
except ValueError:
body_obj = {}
if body_obj.get('meta', {}).get('error_type') == 'APINotFoundError':
logging.exception(body_obj.get('meta', {}).get('error_message'))
else:
raise e
try:
posts = [json.loads(self.urlopen(API_OBJECT_URL % id).read())]
break
except urllib2.URLError, e:
logging.warning("Couldn't fetch object %s: %s", id, e)
else:
posts = []
if posts == [False]: # FB returns false for "not found"
posts = []
else:
url = API_SELF_POSTS_URL if group_id == source.SELF else API_HOME_URL
url = url % (user_id if user_id else 'me', start_index)
if count:
url = util.add_query_params(url, {'limit': count})
headers = {'If-None-Match': etag} if etag else {}
try:
resp = self.urlopen(url, headers=headers)
etag = resp.info().get('ETag')
posts = json.loads(resp.read()).get('data', [])
except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
if e.code == 304: # Not Modified, from a matching ETag
posts = []
else:
raise
activities = [self.post_to_activity(p) for p in posts]
response = self._make_activities_base_response(activities)
response['etag'] = etag
return response
def fetch_mentions(self, username, tweets, min_id=None):
"""Fetches a user's @-mentions and returns them as ActivityStreams.
Tries to only include explicit mentions, not mentions automatically created
by @-replying. See the get_activities() docstring for details.
Args:
username: string
tweets: list of Twitter API objects. used to find quote tweets quoting them.
min_id: only return activities with ids greater than this
Returns:
list of activity dicts
"""
# get @-name mentions
url = API_SEARCH % {
'q': urllib.quote_plus('@' + username.encode('utf-8')),
'count': 100,
}
if min_id is not None:
url = util.add_query_params(url, {'since_id': min_id})
candidates = self.urlopen(url)['statuses']
# fetch in-reply-to tweets (if any)
in_reply_to_ids = util.trim_nulls(
[c.get('in_reply_to_status_id_str') for c in candidates])
origs = {
o.get('id_str'): o for o in
self.urlopen(API_LOOKUP % ','.join(in_reply_to_ids))
} if in_reply_to_ids else {}
# filter out tweets that we don't consider mentions
mentions = []
for c in candidates:
if (c.get('user', {}).get('screen_name') == username or
c.get('retweeted_status')):
continue
reply_to = origs.get(c.get('in_reply_to_status_id_str'))
if not reply_to:
mentions.append(c)
else:
reply_to_user = reply_to.get('user', {}).get('screen_name')
mentioned = [u.get('screen_name') for u in
reply_to.get('entities', {}).get('user_mentions', [])]
if username != reply_to_user and username not in mentioned:
mentions.append(c)
# search for quote tweets
# Guideline ("Limit your searches to 10 keywords and operators.")
# implies fewer, but 20 IDs seems to work in practice.
# https://dev.twitter.com/rest/public/search
for batch in [
tweets[i:i + QUOTE_SEARCH_BATCH_SIZE]
for i in xrange(0, len(tweets), QUOTE_SEARCH_BATCH_SIZE)
]:
batch_ids = [t['id_str'] for t in batch]
url = API_SEARCH % {
'q': urllib.quote_plus(' OR '.join(batch_ids)),
'count': 100,
}
if min_id is not None:
url = util.add_query_params(url, {'since_id': min_id})
candidates = self.urlopen(url)['statuses']
for c in candidates:
quoted_status_id = c.get('quoted_status_id_str')
if (quoted_status_id and quoted_status_id in batch_ids and
not c.get('retweeted_status')):
mentions.append(c)
return mentions
def get_activities_response(self, user_id=None, group_id=None, app_id=None,
activity_id=None, start_index=0, count=0,
etag=None, min_id=None, cache=None,
fetch_replies=False, fetch_likes=False,
fetch_shares=False, fetch_events=False,
fetch_mentions=False, search_query=None):
"""Fetches posts and converts them to ActivityStreams activities.
See method docstring in source.py for details. app_id is ignored.
Supports min_id, but not ETag, since Instagram doesn't support it.
http://instagram.com/developer/endpoints/users/#get_users_feed
http://instagram.com/developer/endpoints/users/#get_users_media_recent
Likes are always included, regardless of the fetch_likes kwarg. They come
bundled in the 'likes' field of the API Media object:
http://instagram.com/developer/endpoints/media/#
Mentions are never fetched or included because the API doesn't support
searching for them.
https://github.com/snarfed/bridgy/issues/523#issuecomment-155523875
Shares are never fetched included since there is no share feature.
Instagram only supports search over hashtags, so if search_query is set, it
must begin with #.
Raises: InstagramAPIError
"""
if user_id is None:
user_id = 'self'
if group_id is None:
group_id = source.FRIENDS
if search_query:
if search_query.startswith('#'):
search_query = search_query[1:]
else:
raise NotImplementedError(
'Instagram only supports search over hashtags, so search_query must '
'begin with the # character.')
# TODO: paging
media = []
kwargs = {}
if min_id is not None:
kwargs['min_id'] = min_id
activities = []
try:
media_url = (API_MEDIA_URL % activity_id if activity_id else
API_USER_MEDIA_URL % user_id if group_id == source.SELF else
API_MEDIA_POPULAR_URL if group_id == source.ALL else
API_MEDIA_SEARCH_URL % search_query if group_id == source.SEARCH else
API_USER_FEED_URL if group_id == source.FRIENDS else None)
assert media_url
media = self.urlopen(util.add_query_params(media_url, kwargs))
if media:
if activity_id:
media = [media]
activities += [self.media_to_activity(m) for m in util.trim_nulls(media)]
if group_id == source.SELF and fetch_likes:
# add the user's own likes
liked = self.urlopen(
util.add_query_params(API_USER_LIKES_URL % user_id, kwargs))
if liked:
user = self.urlopen(API_USER_URL % user_id)
activities += [self.like_to_object(user, l['id'], l['link'])
for l in liked]
except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
code, body = util.interpret_http_exception(e)
# instagram api should give us back a json block describing the
# error. but if it's an error for some other reason, it probably won't
# be properly formatted json.
try:
body_obj = json.loads(body) if body else {}
except ValueError:
body_obj = {}
if body_obj.get('meta', {}).get('error_type') == 'APINotFoundError':
logging.exception(body_obj.get('meta', {}).get('error_message'))
else:
raise e
def fetch_mentions(self, username, tweets, min_id=None):
"""Fetches a user's @-mentions and returns them as ActivityStreams.
Tries to only include explicit mentions, not mentions automatically created
by @-replying. See the get_activities() docstring for details.
Args:
username: string
tweets: list of Twitter API objects. used to find quote tweets quoting them.
min_id: only return activities with ids greater than this
Returns:
list of activity dicts
"""
# get @-name mentions
url = API_SEARCH % {
'q': urllib.quote_plus('@' + username),
'count': 100,
}
if min_id is not None:
url = util.add_query_params(url, {'since_id': min_id})
candidates = self.urlopen(url)['statuses']
# fetch in-reply-to tweets (if any)
in_reply_to_ids = util.trim_nulls(
[c.get('in_reply_to_status_id_str') for c in candidates])
origs = {
o.get('id_str'): o for o in
self.urlopen(API_LOOKUP % ','.join(in_reply_to_ids))
} if in_reply_to_ids else {}
# filter out tweets that we don't consider mentions
mentions = []
for c in candidates:
if (c.get('user', {}).get('screen_name') == username or
c.get('retweeted_status')):
continue
reply_to = origs.get(c.get('in_reply_to_status_id_str'))
if not reply_to:
mentions.append(c)
else:
reply_to_user = reply_to.get('user', {}).get('screen_name')
mentioned = [u.get('screen_name') for u in
reply_to.get('entities', {}).get('user_mentions', [])]
if username != reply_to_user and username not in mentioned:
mentions.append(c)
# search for quote tweets
# Guideline ("Limit your searches to 10 keywords and operators.")
# implies fewer, but 20 IDs seems to work in practice.
# https://dev.twitter.com/rest/public/search
for batch in [
tweets[i:i + QUOTE_SEARCH_BATCH_SIZE]
for i in xrange(0, len(tweets), QUOTE_SEARCH_BATCH_SIZE)
]:
batch_ids = [t['id_str'] for t in batch]
url = API_SEARCH % {
'q': urllib.quote_plus(' OR '.join(batch_ids)),
'count': 100,
}
if min_id is not None:
url = util.add_query_params(url, {'since_id': min_id})
candidates = self.urlopen(url)['statuses']
for c in candidates:
quoted_status_id = c.get('quoted_status_id_str')
if quoted_status_id and quoted_status_id in batch_ids:
mentions.append(c)
return mentions
def get_activities_response(self,
user_id=None,
group_id=None,
app_id=None,
activity_id=None,
start_index=0,
count=0,
etag=None,
min_id=None,
cache=None,
fetch_replies=False,
fetch_likes=False,
fetch_shares=False,
fetch_events=False,
fetch_mentions=False,
search_query=None,
scrape=False,
cookie=None,
ignore_rate_limit=False,
**kwargs):
"""Fetches posts and converts them to ActivityStreams activities.
See method docstring in source.py for details. app_id is ignored.
Supports min_id, but not ETag, since Instagram doesn't support it.
http://instagram.com/developer/endpoints/users/#get_users_feed
http://instagram.com/developer/endpoints/users/#get_users_media_recent
Likes are always included, regardless of the fetch_likes kwarg. They come
bundled in the 'likes' field of the API Media object:
http://instagram.com/developer/endpoints/media/#
Mentions are never fetched or included because the API doesn't support
searching for them.
https://github.com/snarfed/bridgy/issues/523#issuecomment-155523875
Shares are never fetched included since there is no share feature.
Instagram only supports search over hashtags, so if search_query is set, it
must begin with #.
May populate a custom 'ig_like_count' property in media objects. (Currently
only when scraping.)
Args:
scrape: if True, scrapes HTML from instagram.com instead of using the API.
Populates the user's actor object in the 'actor' response field.
Useful for apps that haven't yet been approved in the new permissions
approval process. Currently only supports group_id=SELF. Also supports
passing a shortcode as activity_id as well as the internal API id.
http://developers.instagram.com/post/133424514006/instagram-platform-update
cookie: string, only used if scrape=True
ignore_rate_limit: boolean, for scraping, always make an HTTP request,
even if we've been rate limited recently
**: see :meth:`Source.get_activities_response`
Raises:
InstagramAPIError
"""
if group_id is None:
group_id = source.FRIENDS
if scrape or self.scrape:
if not (activity_id or (group_id == source.SELF and user_id) or
(group_id == source.FRIENDS and cookie)):
raise NotImplementedError(
'Scraping only supports activity_id, user_id and group_id=@self, or cookie and group_id=@friends.'
)
elif fetch_likes and not cookie and not self.cookie:
raise NotImplementedError('Scraping likes requires a cookie.')
# cache rate limited responses and short circuit
global _last_rate_limited, _last_rate_limited_exc
now = datetime.datetime.now()
if not ignore_rate_limit and _last_rate_limited:
retry = _last_rate_limited + RATE_LIMIT_BACKOFF
if now < retry:
logging.info(
'Remembered rate limit at %s, waiting until %s to try again.',
_last_rate_limited, retry)
assert _last_rate_limited_exc
raise _last_rate_limited_exc
try:
return self._scrape(user_id=user_id,
group_id=group_id,
activity_id=activity_id,
count=count,
cookie=cookie,
fetch_extras=fetch_replies or fetch_likes,
cache=cache)
except Exception as e:
code, body = util.interpret_http_exception(e)
if not ignore_rate_limit and code in ('429', '503'):
logging.info('Got rate limited! Remembering for %s',
str(RATE_LIMIT_BACKOFF))
_last_rate_limited = now
_last_rate_limited_exc = e
raise
if user_id is None:
user_id = 'self'
if search_query:
if search_query.startswith('#'):
search_query = search_query[1:]
else:
raise ValueError(
'Instagram only supports search over hashtags, so search_query must '
'begin with the # character.')
# TODO: paging
media = []
kwargs = {}
if min_id is not None:
kwargs['min_id'] = min_id
activities = []
try:
media_url = (
API_MEDIA_URL %
activity_id if activity_id else API_USER_MEDIA_URL %
user_id if group_id == source.SELF else API_MEDIA_POPULAR_URL
if group_id == source.ALL else API_MEDIA_SEARCH_URL %
search_query if group_id == source.SEARCH else
API_USER_FEED_URL if group_id == source.FRIENDS else None)
assert media_url
media = self.urlopen(util.add_query_params(media_url, kwargs))
if media:
if activity_id:
media = [media]
activities += [
self.media_to_activity(m) for m in util.trim_nulls(media)
]
if group_id == source.SELF and fetch_likes:
# add the user's own likes
liked = self.urlopen(
util.add_query_params(API_USER_LIKES_URL % user_id,
kwargs))
if liked:
user = self.urlopen(API_USER_URL % user_id)
activities += [
self.like_to_object(user, l['id'], l['link'])
for l in liked
]
except urllib_error.HTTPError as e:
code, body = util.interpret_http_exception(e)
# instagram api should give us back a json block describing the
# error. but if it's an error for some other reason, it probably won't
# be properly formatted json.
try:
body_obj = json.loads(body) if body else {}
except ValueError:
body_obj = {}
if body_obj.get('meta',
{}).get('error_type') == 'APINotFoundError':
logging.warning(body_obj.get('meta', {}).get('error_message'),
exc_info=True)
else:
raise e
return self.make_activities_base_response(activities)
def get_activities_response(self,
user_id=None,
group_id=None,
app_id=None,
activity_id=None,
start_index=0,
count=0,
etag=None,
min_id=None,
cache=None,
fetch_replies=False,
fetch_likes=False,
fetch_shares=False,
fetch_events=False,
search_query=None):
"""Fetches posts and converts them to ActivityStreams activities.
See method docstring in source.py for details. app_id is ignored.
Supports min_id, but not ETag, since Instagram doesn't support it.
http://instagram.com/developer/endpoints/users/#get_users_feed
http://instagram.com/developer/endpoints/users/#get_users_media_recent
Likes are always included, regardless of the fetch_likes kwarg. They come
bundled in the 'likes' field of the API Media object:
http://instagram.com/developer/endpoints/media/#
Instagram doesn't have a reshare feature, so shares are never included
since they don't exist. :P
Raises: InstagramAPIError
"""
if user_id is None:
user_id = 'self'
if group_id is None:
group_id = source.FRIENDS
# TODO: paging
media = []
kwargs = {}
if min_id is not None:
kwargs['min_id'] = min_id
activities = []
try:
media_url = (
API_MEDIA_URL %
activity_id if activity_id else API_USER_MEDIA_URL %
user_id if group_id == source.SELF else API_MEDIA_POPULAR_URL
if group_id == source.ALL else API_MEDIA_SEARCH_URL %
search_query if group_id == source.SEARCH else
API_USER_FEED_URL if group_id == source.FRIENDS else None)
assert media_url
media = self.urlopen(util.add_query_params(media_url, kwargs))
if media:
if activity_id:
media = [media]
activities += [
self.media_to_activity(m) for m in util.trim_nulls(media)
]
if group_id == source.SELF and fetch_likes:
# add the user's own likes
liked = self.urlopen(
util.add_query_params(API_USER_LIKES_URL % user_id,
kwargs))
if liked:
user = self.urlopen(API_USER_URL % user_id)
activities += [
self.like_to_object(user, l['id'], l['link'])
for l in liked
]
except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
code, body = oauth_handlers.interpret_http_exception(e)
# instagram api should give us back a json block describing the
# error. but if it's an error for some other reason, it probably won't
# be properly formatted json.
try:
body_obj = json.loads(body) if body else {}
except ValueError:
body_obj = {}
if body_obj.get('meta',
{}).get('error_type') == 'APINotFoundError':
logging.exception(
body_obj.get('meta', {}).get('error_message'))
else:
raise e
def maybe_add_or_delete_source(source_cls, auth_entity, state, **kwargs):
"""Adds or deletes a source if auth_entity is not None.
Used in each source's oauth-dropins :meth:`Callback.finish()` and
:meth:`Callback.get()` methods, respectively.
Args:
source_cls: source class, e.g. :class:`instagram.Instagram`
auth_entity: ouath-dropins auth entity
state: string, OAuth callback state parameter. a JSON serialized dict
with operation, feature, and an optional callback URL. For deletes,
it will also include the source key
kwargs: passed through to the source_cls constructor
Returns:
source entity if it was created or updated, otherwise None
"""
state_obj = util.decode_oauth_state(state)
operation = state_obj.get('operation', 'add')
feature = state_obj.get('feature')
callback = state_obj.get('callback')
user_url = state_obj.get('user_url')
logger.debug(
'maybe_add_or_delete_source with operation=%s, feature=%s, callback=%s',
operation, feature, callback)
logins = None
if operation == 'add': # this is an add/update
if not auth_entity:
# TODO: only show if we haven't already flashed another message?
# get_flashed_messages() caches so it's dangerous to call to check;
# use eg session.get('_flashes', []) instead.
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/17243946/186123
flash("OK, you're not signed up. Hope you reconsider!")
if callback:
callback = util.add_query_params(callback,
{'result': 'declined'})
logger.debug(
f'user declined adding source, redirect to external callback {callback}'
)
redirect(callback)
else:
redirect('/')
logger.info(
f'{source_cls.__class__.__name__}.create_new with {auth_entity.key}, {state}, {kwargs}'
)
source = source_cls.create_new(
auth_entity=auth_entity,
features=feature.split(',') if feature else [],
user_url=user_url,
**kwargs)
if source:
# if we're normalizing username case to lower case to make the key id, check
# if there's and old Source with a capitalized key id, and if so, disable it
# https://github.com/snarfed/bridgy/issues/884
if source.USERNAME_KEY_ID and source.username != source.key_id():
@ndb.transactional()
def maybe_disable_original():
orig = source_cls.get_by_id(source.username)
if orig:
logging.info(
f'Disabling {orig.bridgy_url()} for lower case {source.bridgy_url()}'
)
orig.features = []
orig.put()
maybe_disable_original()
# add to login cookie
logins = get_logins()
logins.append(
Login(path=source.bridgy_path(),
site=source.SHORT_NAME,
name=source.label_name()))
if callback:
callback = util.add_query_params(
callback, {
'result': 'success',
'user': source.bridgy_url(),
'key': source.key.urlsafe().decode(),
} if source else {'result': 'failure'})
logger.debug(
'finished adding source, redirect to external callback %s',
callback)
redirect(callback, logins=logins)
elif not source.domains:
redirect('/edit-websites?' + urllib.parse.urlencode({
'source_key':
source.key.urlsafe().decode(),
}),
logins=logins)
else:
redirect(source.bridgy_url(), logins=logins)
# no source
redirect('/')
else: # this is a delete
if auth_entity:
# TODO: remove from logins cookie
redirect(
f'/delete/finish?auth_entity={auth_entity.key.urlsafe().decode()}&state={state}'
)
else:
flash(
f'If you want to disable, please approve the {source_cls.GR_CLASS.NAME} prompt.'
)
source_key = state_obj.get('source')
if source_key:
source = ndb.Key(urlsafe=source_key).get()
if source:
redirect(source.bridgy_url())
redirect('/')
class Twitter(source.Source):
"""Implements the ActivityStreams API for Twitter.
"""
DOMAIN = 'twitter.com'
BASE_URL = 'https://twitter.com/'
NAME = 'Twitter'
FRONT_PAGE_TEMPLATE = 'templates/twitter_index.html'
# HTML snippet for embedding a tweet.
# https://dev.twitter.com/docs/embedded-tweets
EMBED_POST = """
<script async defer src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
<br />
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" lang="en" data-dnt="true">
<p>%(content)s
<a href="%(url)s">#</a></p>
</blockquote>
"""
def __init__(self, access_token_key, access_token_secret, username=None):
"""Constructor.
Twitter now requires authentication in v1.1 of their API. You can get an
OAuth access token by creating an app here: https://dev.twitter.com/apps/new
Args:
access_token_key: string, OAuth access token key
access_token_secret: string, OAuth access token secret
username: string, optional, the current user. Used in e.g. preview/create.
"""
self.access_token_key = access_token_key
self.access_token_secret = access_token_secret
self.username = username
def get_actor(self, screen_name=None):
"""Returns a user as a JSON ActivityStreams actor dict.
Args:
screen_name: string username. Defaults to the current user.
"""
if screen_name is None:
url = API_CURRENT_USER
else:
url = API_USER % screen_name
return self.user_to_actor(self.urlopen(url))
def get_activities_response(self, user_id=None, group_id=None, app_id=None,
activity_id=None, start_index=0, count=0,
etag=None, min_id=None, cache=None,
fetch_replies=False, fetch_likes=False,
fetch_shares=False, fetch_events=False,
fetch_mentions=False, search_query=None, **kwargs):
"""Fetches posts and converts them to ActivityStreams activities.
XXX HACK: this is currently hacked for bridgy to NOT pass min_id to the
request for fetching activity tweets themselves, but to pass it to all of
the requests for filling in replies, retweets, etc. That's because we want
to find new replies and retweets of older initial tweets.
TODO: find a better way.
See :meth:`source.Source.get_activities_response()` for details. app_id is
ignored. min_id is translated to Twitter's since_id.
The code for handling ETags (and 304 Not Changed responses and setting
If-None-Match) is here, but unused right now since Twitter evidently doesn't
support ETags. From https://dev.twitter.com/discussions/5800 :
"I've confirmed with our team that we're not explicitly supporting this
family of features."
Likes (ie favorites) are scraped from twitter.com HTML, since Twitter's REST
API doesn't offer a way to fetch them. You can also get them from the
Streaming API, though, and convert them with streaming_event_to_object().
https://dev.twitter.com/docs/streaming-apis/messages#Events_event
Shares (ie retweets) are fetched with a separate API call per tweet:
https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/get/statuses/retweets/%3Aid
However, retweets are only fetched for the first 15 tweets that have them,
since that's Twitter's rate limit per 15 minute window. :(
https://dev.twitter.com/docs/rate-limiting/1.1/limits
Quote tweets are fetched by searching for the possibly quoted tweet's ID,
using the OR operator to search up to 5 IDs at a time, and then checking
the quoted_status_id_str field
https://dev.twitter.com/overview/api/tweets#quoted_status_id_str
Use the group_id @self to retrieve a user_id’s timeline. If user_id is None
or @me, it will return tweets for the current API user.
group_id can be used to specify the slug of a list for which to return tweets.
By default the current API user’s lists will be used, but lists owned by other
users can be fetched by explicitly passing a username to user_id, e.g. to
fetch tweets from the list @exampleuser/example-list you would call
get_activities(user_id='exampleuser', group_id='example-list').
Twitter replies default to including a mention of the user they're replying
to, which overloads mentions a bit. When fetch_shares is True, we determine
that a tweet mentions the current user if it @-mentions their username and:
* it's not a reply, OR
* it's a reply, but not to the current user, AND
* the tweet it's replying to doesn't @-mention the current user
"""
if group_id is None:
group_id = source.FRIENDS
# nested function for lazily fetching the user object if we need it
user = []
def _user():
if not user:
user.append(self.urlopen(API_USER % user_id if user_id else API_CURRENT_USER))
return user[0]
if count:
count += start_index
activities = []
if activity_id:
tweets = [self.urlopen(API_STATUS % activity_id)]
total_count = len(tweets)
else:
if group_id == source.SELF:
if user_id in (None, source.ME):
user_id = ''
url = API_USER_TIMELINE % {
'count': count,
'screen_name': user_id,
}
if fetch_likes:
liked = self.urlopen(API_FAVORITES % user_id)
if liked:
activities += [self._make_like(tweet, _user()) for tweet in liked]
elif group_id == source.SEARCH:
url = API_SEARCH % {
'q': urllib.quote_plus(search_query.encode('utf-8')),
'count': count,
}
elif group_id in (source.FRIENDS, source.ALL):
url = API_TIMELINE % (count)
else:
if not user_id:
user_id = _user().get('screen_name')
url = API_LIST_TIMELINE % {
'count': count,
'slug': group_id,
'owner_screen_name': user_id,
}
headers = {'If-None-Match': etag} if etag else {}
total_count = None
try:
resp = self.urlopen(url, headers=headers, parse_response=False)
etag = resp.info().get('ETag')
tweet_obj = source.load_json(resp.read(), url)
if group_id == source.SEARCH:
tweet_obj = tweet_obj.get('statuses', [])
tweets = tweet_obj[start_index:]
except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
if e.code == 304: # Not Modified, from a matching ETag
tweets = []
else:
raise
# batch get memcached counts of favorites and retweets for all tweets
cached = {}
if cache is not None:
keys = itertools.product(('ATR', 'ATF'), [t['id_str'] for t in tweets])
cached = cache.get_multi('%s %s' % (prefix, id) for prefix, id in keys)
# only update the cache at the end, in case we hit an error before then
cache_updates = {}
if fetch_shares:
retweet_calls = 0
for tweet in tweets:
# don't fetch retweets the tweet is itself a retweet or if the
# author's account is protected. /statuses/retweets 403s with error
# code 200 (?!) for protected accounts.
# https://github.com/snarfed/bridgy/issues/688
if tweet.get('retweeted') or tweet.get('user', {}).get('protected'):
continue
elif retweet_calls >= RETWEET_LIMIT:
logging.warning("Hit Twitter's retweet rate limit (%d) with more to "
"fetch! Results will be incomplete!" % RETWEET_LIMIT)
break
# store retweets in the 'retweets' field, which is handled by
# tweet_to_activity().
# TODO: make these HTTP requests asynchronous. not easy since we don't
# (yet) require threading support or use a non-blocking HTTP library.
#
# twitter limits this API endpoint to one call per minute per user,
# which is easy to hit, so we stop before we hit that.
# https://dev.twitter.com/docs/rate-limiting/1.1/limits
#
# can't use the statuses/retweets_of_me endpoint because it only
# returns the original tweets, not the retweets or their authors.
id = tweet['id_str']
count = tweet.get('retweet_count')
if count and count != cached.get('ATR ' + id):
url = API_RETWEETS % id
if min_id is not None:
url = util.add_query_params(url, {'since_id': min_id})
try:
tweet['retweets'] = self.urlopen(url)
except urllib2.URLError, e:
code, _ = util.interpret_http_exception(e)
if code != '404': # 404 means the original tweet was deleted
raise
retweet_calls += 1
cache_updates['ATR ' + id] = count