def get_as2(url):
"""Tries to fetch the given URL as ActivityStreams 2.
Uses HTTP content negotiation via the Content-Type header. If the url is
HTML and it has a rel-alternate link with an AS2 content type, fetches and
returns that URL.
Args:
url: string
Returns:
:class:`requests.Response`
Raises:
:class:`requests.HTTPError`, :class:`werkzeug.exceptions.HTTPException`
If we raise a werkzeug HTTPException, it will have an additional
requests_response attribute with the last requests.Response we received.
"""
def _error(resp):
msg = "Couldn't fetch %s as ActivityStreams 2" % url
logging.warning(msg)
err = BadGateway(msg)
err.requests_response = resp
raise err
resp = requests_get(url, headers=CONNEG_HEADERS_AS2_HTML)
if content_type(resp) in (CONTENT_TYPE_AS2, CONTENT_TYPE_AS2_LD):
return resp
parsed = util.parse_html(resp)
as2 = parsed.find('link',
rel=('alternate', 'self'),
type=(CONTENT_TYPE_AS2, CONTENT_TYPE_AS2_LD))
if not (as2 and as2['href']):
_error(resp)
resp = requests_get(urllib.parse.urljoin(resp.url, as2['href']),
headers=CONNEG_HEADERS_AS2)
if content_type(resp) in (CONTENT_TYPE_AS2, CONTENT_TYPE_AS2_LD):
return resp
_error(resp)
def _try_salmon(self, resp):
"""
Args:
resp: Response
"""
# fetch target HTML page, extract Atom rel-alternate link
target = resp.target()
if not self.target_resp:
self.target_resp = common.requests_get(target)
parsed = util.parse_html(self.target_resp)
atom_url = parsed.find('link',
rel='alternate',
type=common.CONTENT_TYPE_ATOM)
if not atom_url or not atom_url.get('href'):
self.error('Target post %s has no Atom link' % resp.target(),
status=400)
# fetch Atom target post, extract and inject id into source object
base_url = ''
base = parsed.find('base')
if base and base.get('href'):
base_url = base['href']
atom_link = parsed.find('link',
rel='alternate',
type=common.CONTENT_TYPE_ATOM)
atom_url = urllib.parse.urljoin(
resp.target(), urllib.parse.urljoin(base_url, atom_link['href']))
feed = common.requests_get(atom_url).text
parsed = feedparser.parse(feed)
logging.info('Parsed: %s', json_dumps(parsed, indent=2))
entry = parsed.entries[0]
target_id = entry.id
in_reply_to = self.source_obj.get('inReplyTo')
source_obj_obj = self.source_obj.get('object')
if in_reply_to:
for elem in in_reply_to:
if elem.get('url') == target:
elem['id'] = target_id
elif isinstance(source_obj_obj, dict):
source_obj_obj['id'] = target_id
# Mastodon (and maybe others?) require a rel-mentioned link to the
# original post's author to make it show up as a reply:
# app/services/process_interaction_service.rb
# ...so add them as a tag, which atom renders as a rel-mention link.
authors = entry.get('authors', None)
if authors:
url = entry.authors[0].get('href')
if url:
self.source_obj.setdefault('tags', []).append({'url': url})
# extract and discover salmon endpoint
logging.info('Discovering Salmon endpoint in %s', atom_url)
endpoint = django_salmon.discover_salmon_endpoint(feed)
if not endpoint:
# try webfinger
parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(resp.target())
# TODO: test missing email
author = entry.get('author_detail', {})
email = author.get('email') or '@'.join(
(author.get('name', ''), parsed.netloc))
try:
# TODO: always https?
profile = common.requests_get(
'%s://%s/.well-known/webfinger?resource=acct:%s' %
(parsed.scheme, parsed.netloc, email),
verify=False)
endpoint = django_salmon.get_salmon_replies_link(
profile.json())
except requests.HTTPError as e:
pass
if not endpoint:
self.error('No salmon endpoint found!', status=400)
logging.info('Discovered Salmon endpoint %s', endpoint)
# construct reply Atom object
self.source_url = resp.source()
activity = self.source_obj
if self.source_obj.get('verb') not in source.VERBS_WITH_OBJECT:
activity = {'object': self.source_obj}
entry = atom.activity_to_atom(activity, xml_base=self.source_url)
logging.info('Converted %s to Atom:\n%s', self.source_url, entry)
# sign reply and wrap in magic envelope
domain = urllib.parse.urlparse(self.source_url).netloc
key = MagicKey.get_or_create(domain)
logging.info('Using key for %s: %s', domain, key)
magic_envelope = magicsigs.magic_envelope(entry,
common.CONTENT_TYPE_ATOM,
key).decode()
logging.info('Sending Salmon slap to %s', endpoint)
common.requests_post(
endpoint,
data=common.XML_UTF8 + magic_envelope,
headers={'Content-Type': common.CONTENT_TYPE_MAGIC_ENVELOPE})
return True
def scraped_to_activities(self,
html,
cookie=None,
count=None,
fetch_extras=False):
"""Converts scraped Instagram HTML to ActivityStreams activities.
The input HTML may be from:
* a user's feed, eg https://www.instagram.com/ while logged in
* a user's profile, eg https://www.instagram.com/snarfed/
* a photo or video, eg https://www.instagram.com/p/BBWCSrfFZAk/
Args:
html: unicode string
cookie: string, optional sessionid cookie to be used for subsequent HTTP
fetches, if necessary.
count: integer, number of activities to return, None for all
fetch_extras: whether to make extra HTTP fetches to get likes, etc.
Returns:
tuple, ([ActivityStreams activities], ActivityStreams viewer actor)
"""
cookie = cookie or self.cookie
# extract JSON data blob
# (can also get just this JSON by adding ?__a=1 to any IG URL.)
matches = HTML_DATA_RE.findall(html)
if not matches:
# Instagram sometimes returns 200 with incomplete HTML. often it stops at
# the end of one of the <style> tags inside <head>. not sure why.
logging.warning('JSON script tag not found!')
return [], None
# find media
medias = []
profile_user = None
viewer_user = None
for match in matches:
data = util.trim_nulls(json_loads(match[1]))
entry_data = data.get('entry_data', {})
# home page ie news feed
for page in entry_data.get('FeedPage', []):
edges = page.get('graphql', {}).get('user', {})\
.get('edge_web_feed_timeline', {}).get('edges', [])
medias.extend(
e.get('node') for e in edges
if e.get('node', {}).get('__typename') not in (
'GraphSuggestedUserFeedUnit', ))
if 'user' in data:
edges = data['user'].get('edge_web_feed_timeline',
{}).get('edges', [])
medias.extend(e.get('node') for e in edges)
# user profiles
for page in entry_data.get('ProfilePage', []):
profile_user = page.get('graphql', {}).get('user', {})
medias.extend(edge['node'] for edge in profile_user.get(
'edge_owner_to_timeline_media', {}).get('edges', [])
if edge.get('node'))
if not viewer_user:
viewer_user = data.get('config', {}).get('viewer')
# individual photo/video permalinks
for page in [data] + entry_data.get('PostPage', []):
media = page.get('graphql', {}).get('shortcode_media')
if media:
medias.append(media)
if not medias:
# As of 2018-02-15, embedded JSON in logged in https://www.instagram.com/
# no longer has any useful data. Need to do a second header link fetch.
soup = util.parse_html(html)
link = soup.find('link', href=HTML_PRELOAD_RE)
if link:
url = urllib.parse.urljoin(HTML_BASE_URL, link['href'])
data = self._scrape_json(url, cookie=cookie)
edges = data.get('data', {}).get('user', {})\
.get('edge_web_feed_timeline', {}).get('edges', [])
medias = [e.get('node') for e in edges]
if count:
medias = medias[:count]
activities = []
for media in util.trim_nulls(medias):
activity = self._json_media_node_to_activity(media,
user=profile_user)
# likes
shortcode = media.get('code') or media.get('shortcode')
likes = media.get('edge_media_preview_like') or {}
if shortcode and fetch_extras and likes.get(
'count') and not likes.get('edges'):
# extra GraphQL fetch to get likes, as of 8/2018
likes_json = self._scrape_json(HTML_LIKES_URL % shortcode,
cookie=cookie)
self.merge_scraped_reactions(likes_json, activity)
activities.append(util.trim_nulls(activity))
actor = None
user = self._json_user_to_user(viewer_user or profile_user)
if user:
actor = self.user_to_actor(user)
return activities, actor
def _content_for_create(self,
obj,
ignore_formatting=False,
prefer_name=False,
strip_first_video_tag=False,
strip_quotations=False):
"""Returns content text for :meth:`create()` and :meth:`preview_create()`.
Returns summary if available, then content, then displayName.
If using content, renders the HTML content to text using html2text so
that whitespace is formatted like in the browser.
Args:
obj: dict, ActivityStreams object
ignore_formatting: boolean, whether to use content text as is, instead of
converting its HTML to plain text styling (newlines, etc.)
prefer_name: boolean, whether to prefer displayName to content
strip_first_video_tag: if true, removes the first <video> tag. useful when
it will be uploaded and attached to the post natively in the silo.
strip_quotations: if true, removes .u-quotation-of tags. useful when
creating quote tweets.
Returns:
string, possibly empty
"""
summary = obj.get('summary', '').strip()
name = obj.get('displayName', '').strip()
content = obj.get('content', '').strip()
# note that unicode() on a BeautifulSoup object preserves HTML and
# whitespace, even after modifying the DOM, which is important for
# formatting.
#
# The catch is that it adds a '<html><head></head><body>' header and
# '</body></html>' footer. ah well. harmless.
soup = util.parse_html(content)
if strip_first_video_tag:
video = soup.video or soup.find(class_='u-video')
if video:
video.extract()
content = str(soup)
if strip_quotations:
quotations = soup.find_all(class_='u-quotation-of')
if quotations:
for q in quotations:
q.extract()
content = str(soup)
# compare to content with HTML tags stripped
if summary == soup.get_text('').strip():
# summary and content are the same; prefer content so that we can use its
# HTML formatting.
summary = None
# sniff whether content is HTML or plain text. use html.parser instead of
# the default html5lib since html.parser is stricter and expects actual
# HTML tags.
# https://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/doc/#differences-between-parsers
is_html = (bool(BeautifulSoup(content, 'html.parser').find())
or HTML_ENTITY_RE.search(content))
if is_html and not ignore_formatting:
content = html_to_text(content, **self.HTML2TEXT_OPTIONS)
elif not is_html and ignore_formatting:
content = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', content)
return summary or ((name or content) if prefer_name else
(content or name)) or ''
def from_activities(activities,
actor=None,
title=None,
feed_url=None,
home_page_url=None,
hfeed=None):
"""Converts ActivityStreams activities to an RSS 2.0 feed.
Args:
activities: sequence of ActivityStreams activity dicts
actor: ActivityStreams actor dict, the author of the feed
title: string, the feed title
feed_url: string, the URL for this RSS feed
home_page_url: string, the home page URL
hfeed: dict, parsed mf2 h-feed, if available
Returns:
unicode string with RSS 2.0 XML
"""
try:
iter(activities)
except TypeError:
raise TypeError('activities must be iterable')
if isinstance(activities, (dict, str)):
raise TypeError('activities may not be a dict or string')
fg = FeedGenerator()
fg.id(feed_url)
assert feed_url
fg.link(href=feed_url, rel='self')
if home_page_url:
fg.link(href=home_page_url, rel='alternate')
# TODO: parse language from lang attribute:
# https://github.com/microformats/mf2py/issues/150
fg.language('en')
fg.generator('granary', uri='https://granary.io/')
hfeed = hfeed or {}
actor = actor or {}
image = (util.get_url(hfeed.get('properties', {}), 'photo')
or util.get_url(actor, 'image'))
if image:
fg.image(image)
props = hfeed.get('properties') or {}
content = microformats2.get_text(util.get_first(props, 'content', ''))
summary = util.get_first(props, 'summary', '')
desc = content or summary or '-'
fg.description(desc) # required
fg.title(title or util.ellipsize(desc)) # required
latest = None
feed_has_enclosure = False
for activity in activities:
obj = activity.get('object') or activity
if obj.get('objectType') == 'person':
continue
item = fg.add_entry()
url = obj.get('url')
id = obj.get('id') or url
item.id(id)
item.link(href=url)
item.guid(url, permalink=True)
# title (required)
title = (obj.get('title') or obj.get('displayName')
or util.ellipsize(obj.get('content', '-')))
# strip HTML tags
title = util.parse_html(title).get_text('').strip()
item.title(title)
content = microformats2.render_content(obj,
include_location=True,
render_attachments=True,
render_image=True)
if not content:
content = obj.get('summary')
if content:
item.content(content, type='CDATA')
categories = [
{
'term': t['displayName']
} for t in obj.get('tags', [])
if t.get('displayName') and t.get('verb') not in ('like', 'react',
'share')
and t.get('objectType') not in ('article', 'person', 'mention')
]
item.category(categories)
author = obj.get('author', {})
author = {
'name': author.get('displayName') or author.get('username'),
'uri': author.get('url'),
'email': author.get('email') or '-',
}
item.author(author)
published = obj.get('published') or obj.get('updated')
if published and isinstance(published, str):
try:
dt = mf2util.parse_datetime(published)
if not isinstance(dt, datetime):
dt = datetime.combine(dt, time.min)
if not dt.tzinfo:
dt = dt.replace(tzinfo=util.UTC)
item.published(dt)
if not latest or dt > latest:
latest = dt
except ValueError: # bad datetime string
pass
item_has_enclosure = False
for att in obj.get('attachments', []):
stream = util.get_first(att, 'stream') or att
if not stream:
continue
url = stream.get('url') or ''
mime = mimetypes.guess_type(url)[0] or ''
if (att.get('objectType') in ENCLOSURE_TYPES
or mime and mime.split('/')[0] in ENCLOSURE_TYPES):
if item_has_enclosure:
logging.info(
'Warning: item %s already has an RSS enclosure, skipping additional enclosure %s',
id, url)
continue
item_has_enclosure = feed_has_enclosure = True
item.enclosure(url=url,
type=mime,
length=str(stream.get('size', '')))
item.load_extension('podcast')
duration = stream.get('duration')
if duration:
item.podcast.itunes_duration(duration)
if feed_has_enclosure:
fg.load_extension('podcast')
fg.podcast.itunes_author(
actor.get('displayName') or actor.get('username'))
if summary:
fg.podcast.itunes_summary(summary)
fg.podcast.itunes_explicit('no')
fg.podcast.itunes_block(False)
name = author.get('name')
if name:
fg.podcast.itunes_author(name)
if image:
fg.podcast.itunes_image(image)
fg.podcast.itunes_category(categories)
if latest:
fg.lastBuildDate(latest)
return fg.rss_str(pretty=True).decode('utf-8')
def _prepare_activity(a, reader=True):
"""Preprocesses an activity to prepare it to be rendered as Atom.
Modifies a in place.
Args:
a: ActivityStreams 1 activity dict
reader: boolean, whether the output will be rendered in a feed reader.
Currently just includes location if True, not otherwise.
"""
act_type = source.object_type(a)
obj = util.get_first(a, 'object', default={})
primary = obj if (not act_type or act_type == 'post') else a
# Render content as HTML; escape &s
obj['rendered_content'] = _encode_ampersands(microformats2.render_content(
primary, include_location=reader, render_attachments=True,
# Readers often obey CSS white-space: pre strictly and don't even line wrap,
# so don't use it.
# https://forum.newsblur.com/t/android-cant-read-line-pre-formatted-lines/6116
white_space_pre=False))
# Make sure every activity has the title field, since Atom <entry> requires
# the title element.
if not a.get('title'):
a['title'] = util.ellipsize(_encode_ampersands(
a.get('displayName') or a.get('content') or obj.get('title') or
obj.get('displayName') or obj.get('content') or 'Untitled'))
# strip HTML tags. the Atom spec says title is plain text:
# http://atomenabled.org/developers/syndication/#requiredEntryElements
a['title'] = xml.sax.saxutils.escape(util.parse_html(a['title']).get_text(''))
children = []
image_urls_seen = set()
image_atts = []
# normalize actors
for elem in a, obj:
_prepare_actor(elem.get('actor'))
# normalize attachments, render attached notes/articles
attachments = a.get('attachments') or obj.get('attachments') or []
for att in attachments:
att['stream'] = util.get_first(att, 'stream')
type = att.get('objectType')
if type == 'image':
att['image'] = util.get_first(att, 'image')
image_atts.append(att['image'])
continue
image_urls_seen |= set(util.get_urls(att, 'image'))
if type in ('note', 'article'):
html = microformats2.render_content(
att, include_location=reader, render_attachments=True,
white_space_pre=False)
author = att.get('author')
if author:
name = microformats2.maybe_linked_name(
microformats2.object_to_json(author).get('properties') or {})
html = '%s: %s' % (name.strip(), html)
children.append(html)
# render image(s) that we haven't already seen
for image in image_atts + util.get_list(obj, 'image'):
if not image:
continue
url = image.get('url')
parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
rest = urllib.parse.urlunparse(('', '') + parsed[2:])
img_src_re = re.compile(r"""src *= *['"] *((https?:)?//%s)?%s *['"]""" %
(re.escape(parsed.netloc),
_encode_ampersands(re.escape(rest))))
if (url and url not in image_urls_seen and
not img_src_re.search(obj['rendered_content'])):
children.append(microformats2.img(url))
image_urls_seen.add(url)
obj['rendered_children'] = [_encode_ampersands(child) for child in children]
# make sure published and updated are strict RFC 3339 timestamps
for prop in 'published', 'updated':
val = obj.get(prop)
if val:
obj[prop] = util.maybe_iso8601_to_rfc3339(val)
# Atom timestamps are even stricter than RFC 3339: they can't be naive ie
# time zone unaware. They must have either an offset or the Z suffix.
# https://www.feedvalidator.org/docs/error/InvalidRFC3339Date.html
if not util.TIMEZONE_OFFSET_RE.search(obj[prop]):
obj[prop] += 'Z'
def template_vars(self, domain, url=None):
assert domain
if domain.split('.')[-1] in NON_TLDS:
self.error("%s doesn't look like a domain" % domain, status=404)
# find representative h-card. try url, then url's home page, then domain
urls = ['http://%s/' % domain]
if url:
urls = [url, urllib.parse.urljoin(url, '/')] + urls
for candidate in urls:
resp = common.requests_get(candidate)
parsed = util.parse_html(resp)
mf2 = util.parse_mf2(parsed, url=resp.url)
# logging.debug('Parsed mf2 for %s: %s', resp.url, json_dumps(mf2, indent=2))
hcard = mf2util.representative_hcard(mf2, resp.url)
if hcard:
logging.info('Representative h-card: %s',
json_dumps(hcard, indent=2))
break
else:
self.error("""\
Couldn't find a representative h-card (http://microformats.org/wiki/representative-hcard-parsing) on %s"""
% resp.url)
logging.info('Generating WebFinger data for %s', domain)
key = models.MagicKey.get_or_create(domain)
props = hcard.get('properties', {})
urls = util.dedupe_urls(props.get('url', []) + [resp.url])
canonical_url = urls[0]
acct = '%s@%s' % (domain, domain)
for url in urls:
if url.startswith('acct:'):
urluser, urldomain = util.parse_acct_uri(url)
if urldomain == domain:
acct = '%s@%s' % (urluser, domain)
logging.info('Found custom username: acct:%s', acct)
break
# discover atom feed, if any
atom = parsed.find('link',
rel='alternate',
type=common.CONTENT_TYPE_ATOM)
if atom and atom['href']:
atom = urllib.parse.urljoin(resp.url, atom['href'])
else:
atom = 'https://granary.io/url?' + urllib.parse.urlencode(
{
'input': 'html',
'output': 'atom',
'url': resp.url,
'hub': resp.url,
})
# discover PuSH, if any
for link in resp.headers.get('Link', '').split(','):
match = common.LINK_HEADER_RE.match(link)
if match and match.group(2) == 'hub':
hub = match.group(1)
else:
hub = 'https://bridgy-fed.superfeedr.com/'
# generate webfinger content
data = util.trim_nulls({
'subject':
'acct:' + acct,
'aliases':
urls,
'magic_keys': [{
'value': key.href()
}],
'links':
sum(([{
'rel': 'http://webfinger.net/rel/profile-page',
'type': 'text/html',
'href': url,
}] for url in urls if url.startswith("http")), []) + [{
'rel': 'http://webfinger.net/rel/avatar',
'href': url,
} for url in props.get('photo', [])] + [
{
'rel': 'canonical_uri',
'type': 'text/html',
'href': canonical_url,
},
# ActivityPub
{
'rel': 'self',
'type': common.CONTENT_TYPE_AS2,
# WARNING: in python 2 sometimes request.host_url lost port,
# http://localhost:8080 would become just http://localhost. no
# clue how or why. pay attention here if that happens again.
'href': '%s/%s' % (self.request.host_url, domain),
},
{
'rel': 'inbox',
'type': common.CONTENT_TYPE_AS2,
'href': '%s/%s/inbox' % (self.request.host_url, domain),
},
# OStatus
{
'rel': 'http://schemas.google.com/g/2010#updates-from',
'type': common.CONTENT_TYPE_ATOM,
'href': atom,
},
{
'rel': 'hub',
'href': hub,
},
{
'rel': 'magic-public-key',
'href': key.href(),
},
{
'rel': 'salmon',
'href': '%s/%s/salmon' % (self.request.host_url, domain),
}
]
})
logging.info('Returning WebFinger data: %s', json_dumps(data,
indent=2))
return data
