def gcpw(trace_width: float):
"""
"""
sim = Simulation(freq=freq, unit=1e-3)
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
)
box = Box2(
Coordinate2(-pcb_len / 2, -trace_width / 2),
Coordinate2(pcb_len / 2, trace_width / 2),
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=box.center(),
length=box.length(),
width=box.width(),
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
gnd_gap=(gap, gap),
port_number=1,
ref_impedance=50,
excite=True,
)
ViaWall(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(0, trace_width / 2 + gap + via_gap),
length=pcb_len,
width=via_gap / 2,
)
ViaWall(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(0, -trace_width / 2 - gap - via_gap),
length=pcb_len,
width=via_gap / 2,
)
Mesh(
sim=sim,
metal_res=1 / 120,
nonmetal_res=1 / 40,
smooth=(1.1, 1.5, 1.5),
min_lines=25,
expand_bounds=((0, 0), (24, 24), (24, 24)),
)
sim.run(csx=False)
return np.average(np.abs(np.abs(sim.ports[0].impedance()) - 50))
def func(min_lines: int):
sim = Simulation(freq=freq,
unit=unit,
reference_frequency=ref_freq,
sim_dir=None)
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
omit_copper=[0],
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(0, 0),
length=pcb_len,
width=trace_width,
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
port_number=1,
excite=True,
)
Mesh(
sim=sim,
metal_res=1 / 80,
nonmetal_res=1 / 10,
smooth=(1.1, 1.5, 1.5),
min_lines=min_lines,
expand_bounds=((0, 0), (0, 0), (10, 40)),
)
sim.run(csx=False)
return sim.ports[0].impedance()
def z0_for_width(width: float) -> float:
"""
"""
sim = Simulation(freq=freq,
unit=1e-3,
reference_frequency=ref_freq,
sim_dir=None)
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
omit_copper=[0],
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(0, 0),
length=pcb_len,
width=width,
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
port_number=1,
excite=True,
ref_impedance=50,
)
Mesh(
sim=sim,
metal_res=1 / 80,
nonmetal_res=1 / 10,
min_lines=5,
expand_bounds=((0, 0), (0, 0), (10, 40)),
)
sim.run(csx=False)
return np.abs(sim.ports[0].impedance(freq=ref_freq))
def func(gnd_gap: float):
sim = Simulation(freq=freq,
unit=unit,
reference_frequency=ref_freq,
sim_dir=None)
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(0, 0),
length=pcb_len,
width=trace_width,
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
gnd_gap=(gnd_gap, gnd_gap),
port_number=1,
excite=True,
ref_impedance=50,
)
Mesh(
sim=sim,
metal_res=1 / 80,
nonmetal_res=1 / 10,
min_lines=9,
expand_bounds=((0, 0), (0, 0), (10, 40)),
)
sim.run(csx=False)
return np.abs(sim.ports[0].impedance(freq=ref_freq))
def prim_coords2(prim: CSPrimitives) -> List[Coordinate2]:
"""
Retrieve a 2D xy projection of all coordinates from a primitive.
"""
coords3 = prim_coords(prim)
coords2 = [Coordinate2(coord.x, coord.y) for coord in coords3]
return _remove_prim_coord_dups(coords2)
def gen_sim(width: float) -> Simulation:
"""
Create simulation objects to sweep over.
:param width: Top layer trace width. This is the parameter we
sweep over.
"""
sim = Simulation(freq=freq, unit=1e-3)
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
)
box = Box2(
Coordinate2(-pcb_len / 2, -width / 2),
Coordinate2(pcb_len / 2, width / 2),
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=box.center(),
length=box.length(),
width=box.width(),
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
gnd_gap=(gap, gap),
port_number=1,
feed_shift=0.3,
ref_impedance=50,
excite=True,
)
Mesh(
sim=sim,
metal_res=1 / 80,
nonmetal_res=1 / 40,
smooth=(1.2, 1.5, 1.5),
min_lines=25,
expand_bounds=((0, 0), (8, 8), (8, 20)),
)
return sim_impedance(sim)
def func(width: float):
sim = Simulation(freq=freq,
unit=unit,
reference_frequency=ref_freq,
sim_dir=None)
pcb_prop = common_pcbs["oshpark4"]
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
omit_copper=[0],
)
DifferentialMicrostrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(0, 0),
length=pcb_len,
width=width,
gap=trace_gap,
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
port_number=1,
excite=True,
ref_impedance=50,
)
Mesh(
sim=sim,
metal_res=1 / 80,
nonmetal_res=1 / 10,
min_lines=9,
expand_bounds=((0, 0), (0, 0), (10, 40)),
)
FieldDump(
sim=sim,
box=Box3(
Coordinate3(-pcb_len / 2, -pcb_width / 2, 0),
Coordinate3(pcb_len / 2, pcb_width / 2, 0),
),
dump_type=DumpType.current_density_time,
)
sim.run(csx=False)
return np.abs(sim.ports[0].impedance(freq=ref_freq))
def _circle_points(
center: C3Tuple, radius: float, normal: Axis, poly_faces: int
) -> List[Coordinate2]:
"""
"""
pts1 = np.multiply(radius, np.cos(np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, poly_faces)))
pts2 = np.multiply(radius, np.sin(np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, poly_faces)))
if normal.intval() == 0:
pts1 += center.y
pts2 += center.z
elif normal.intval() == 1:
pts1 += center.x
pts2 += center.z
else:
pts1 += center.x
pts2 += center.y
lst = []
for pt1, pt2 in zip(pts1, pts2):
lst.append(Coordinate2(pt1, pt2))
return lst
def sim_func(taper_angle: float):
"""
:param taper_angle: Linear taper angle in degrees.
"""
angle_rad = taper_angle * np.pi / 180
dy = np.abs(trace_width - microstrip_discontinuity_width) / 2
dx = dy / np.tan(angle_rad)
taper_middle = microstrip_discontinuity_length / 2 + dx / 2
taper_end = microstrip_discontinuity_length / 2 + dx
sim = Simulation(freq=freq, unit=unit, sim_dir=None)
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
omit_copper=[0],
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(0, 0),
length=microstrip_discontinuity_length,
width=microstrip_discontinuity_width,
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
)
Taper(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(-taper_middle, 0),
pcb_layer=0,
width1=trace_width,
width2=microstrip_discontinuity_width,
length=dx,
)
Taper(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(taper_middle, 0),
pcb_layer=0,
width1=microstrip_discontinuity_width,
width2=trace_width,
length=dx,
)
box = Box2(
Coordinate2(-pcb_len / 2, -trace_width / 2),
Coordinate2(-taper_end, trace_width / 2),
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=box.center(),
length=box.length(),
width=trace_width,
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
port_number=1,
excite=True,
feed_shift=0.35,
ref_impedance=50,
)
box = Box2(
Coordinate2(taper_end, -trace_width / 2),
Coordinate2(pcb_len / 2, trace_width / 2),
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=box.center(),
length=box.length(),
width=trace_width,
propagation_axis=Axis("x", direction=-1),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
port_number=2,
ref_impedance=50,
)
Mesh(
sim=sim,
metal_res=1 / 120,
nonmetal_res=1 / 40,
min_lines=5,
expand_bounds=((0, 0), (0, 0), (10, 40)),
)
# sim.run(csx=False)
sim.run()
return sim.s_param(1, 1)
pcb_prop = common_pcbs["oshpark4"]
pcb_len = 20
pcb_width = 5
trace_width = 0.34
gap = mil_to_mm(6)
via_gap = 0.4
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
)
box = Box2(
Coordinate2(-pcb_len / 2, -trace_width / 2),
Coordinate2(pcb_len / 2, trace_width / 2),
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=box.center(),
length=box.length(),
width=box.width(),
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
gnd_gap=(gap, gap),
port_number=1,
ref_impedance=50,
excite=True,
)
pcb_len = 10
pcb_width = 2 * sma_rect_width
pcb_prop = common_pcbs["oshpark4"]
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
omit_copper=[0],
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(0, 0),
length=pcb_len,
width=trace_width,
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
port_number=1,
ref_impedance=50,
excite=True,
)
# Mueller BU-1420701851 edge mount SMA
pad = add_conducting_sheet(
csx=sim.csx,
name="pad",
conductivity=pcb_prop.metal_conductivity(),
microstrip_discontinuity_width = 0.5
microstrip_discontinuity_length = 1
sim = Simulation(freq=freq, unit=unit, reference_frequency=5.6e9)
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
omit_copper=[0],
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(0, 0),
length=microstrip_discontinuity_length,
width=microstrip_discontinuity_width,
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
)
box = Box2(
Coordinate2(-pcb_len / 2, -trace_width / 2),
Coordinate2(-microstrip_discontinuity_length / 2, trace_width / 2),
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=box.center(),
length=box.length(),
def func(params: List[float]):
"""
"""
cutout_width = params[0]
sim = Simulation(freq=freq, unit=unit, sim_dir=None)
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
omit_copper=[0],
)
box = Box2(
Coordinate2(-pcb_len / 2, -trace_width / 2),
Coordinate2(-(cap_dim.length / 2) - (pad_length / 2), trace_width / 2),
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=box.center(),
length=box.length(),
width=box.width(),
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
port_number=1,
excite=True,
feed_shift=0.35,
ref_impedance=z0_ref,
)
SMDPassive(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(0, 0),
axis=Axis("x"),
dimensions=cap_dim,
pad_width=pad_width,
pad_length=pad_length,
c=10e-12,
pcb_layer=0,
gnd_cutout_width=cutout_width,
gnd_cutout_length=1,
)
box = Box2(
Coordinate2(pcb_len / 2, trace_width / 2),
Coordinate2((cap_dim.length / 2) + (pad_length / 2), -trace_width / 2),
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=box.center(),
length=box.length(),
width=box.width(),
propagation_axis=Axis("x", direction=-1),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
port_number=2,
excite=False,
ref_impedance=z0_ref,
)
Mesh(
sim=sim,
metal_res=1 / 120,
nonmetal_res=1 / 40,
smooth=(1.2, 1.2, 1.2),
min_lines=5,
expand_bounds=((0, 0), (0, 0), (10, 20)),
)
sim.run(csx=False)
print_table(
data=[sim.freq / 1e9, sim.s_param(1, 1), sim.s_param(2, 1)],
col_names=["freq", "s11", "s21"],
prec=[4, 4, 4],
)
return np.sum(sim.s_param(1, 1))
pad_length = 0.6
pad_width = trace_width
pcb_prop = common_pcbs["oshpark4"]
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
)
DifferentialMicrostrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(
(-pcb_len / 2 - cap_dim.length / 2 - pad_length / 2) / 2, 0
),
length=pcb_len / 2 - cap_dim.length / 2 - pad_length / 2,
width=trace_width,
gap=trace_gap,
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
gnd_gap=(gnd_gap, gnd_gap),
via_gap=(via_gap, via_gap),
port_number=1,
excite=True,
ref_impedance=50,
)
# values based on Murata GJM1555C1H100FB01 (ESR at 6GHz)
SMDPassive(
pcb=pcb,
gcpw_width = 0.34
gcpw_gap = mil_to_mm(6)
via_gap = 0.4
# drill_radius = gcpw_width / 2 - pcb_prop.via_plating_thickness(unit)
drill_radius = 0.13
drill_diam = 2 * drill_radius
annular_width = 0.145
antipad = gcpw_gap
keepout_radius = drill_radius + annular_width + antipad
via_sep = 0.76
via_fence_sep = via_sep * 2
sim = Simulation(freq=freq, unit=unit)
pcb = PCB(sim=sim, pcb_prop=pcb_prop, length=pcb_len, width=pcb_width)
box = Box2(
Coordinate2(-pcb_len / 2, -gcpw_width / 2),
Coordinate2(pcb_len / 4, gcpw_width / 2),
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=box.center(),
length=box.length(),
width=box.width(),
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
gnd_gap=(gcpw_gap, gcpw_gap),
via_gap=(via_gap, via_gap),
via=None,
port_number=1,
feed_shift=0.2,
coupler_length = phase_shift_length(90, eeff, ref_freq)
print("coupler_length: {:.4f}".format(coupler_length))
pcb_len = 2 * coupler_length
pcb_width = 0.5 * pcb_len
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
omit_copper=[0],
)
coupler = MicrostripCoupler(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(0, 0),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
trace_width=trace_width,
trace_gap=trace_spacing,
length=coupler_length,
miter=None,
)
coupler_port_positions = coupler.port_positions()
port0_x = coupler_port_positions[0].x
port0_y = coupler_port_positions[0].y
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(np.average([port0_x, -pcb_len / 2]), port0_y),
trace_width = 0.34
gap = mil_to_mm(6)
via_gap = 0.4
pcb_prop = common_pcbs["oshpark4"]
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(-pcb_len / 4, 0),
length=pcb_len / 2,
width=trace_width,
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
gnd_gap=(gap, gap),
port_number=1,
excite=True,
ref_impedance=50,
)
cap_0402 = common_smd_passives["0402C"]
cap_0402.set_unit(unit)
# values based on Murata GJM1555C1HR50BB01 (ESR at 12GHz)
SMDPassive(
pcb=pcb,
freq = np.linspace(4e9, 8e9, 501)
sim = Simulation(freq=freq, unit=1e-3)
pcb_prop = common_pcbs["oshpark4"]
pcb_len = 10
trace_width = 0.34
gap = mil_to_mm(6)
via_gap = 0.4
pcb = PCB(sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_len,
layers=range(3))
box = Box2(
Coordinate2(-pcb_len / 2, pcb_len / 4 - (trace_width / 2)),
Coordinate2(pcb_len / 4, pcb_len / 4 + (trace_width / 2)),
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=box.center(),
length=box.max_corner.x - box.min_corner.x,
width=trace_width,
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
gnd_gap=(gap, gap),
port_number=1,
feed_shift=0.4,
excite=True,
)
def sim_func(cutout_width: float):
"""
"""
sim = Simulation(freq=freq, unit=unit, reference_frequency=ref_freq)
core_rad = (coax_core_diameter(
2 * coax_rad, coax_dielectric.epsr_at_freq(sim.reference_frequency)) /
2)
pcb_prop = common_pcbs["oshpark4"]
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
omit_copper=[0],
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(0, 0),
length=pcb_len,
width=trace_width,
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
port_number=1,
ref_impedance=50,
excite=True,
)
# Mueller BU-1420701851 edge mount SMA
pad = sim.csx.AddConductingSheet(
"pad",
conductivity=pcb_prop.metal_conductivity(),
thickness=pcb_prop.copper_thickness(0),
)
pad.AddBox(
priority=priorities["trace"],
start=[pcb_len / 2 - sma_lead_len / 2, -sma_lead_width / 2, 0],
stop=[pcb_len / 2, sma_lead_width / 2, 0],
)
pad_cutout = sim.csx.AddMaterial(
"gnd_cutout",
epsilon=pcb_prop.substrate.epsr_at_freq(ref_freq),
kappa=pcb_prop.substrate.kappa_at_freq(ref_freq),
)
pad_cutout.AddBox(
priority=priorities["keepout"],
start=[
pcb_len / 2 - sma_lead_len / 2,
-cutout_width / 2,
pcb.copper_layer_elevation(1),
],
stop=[pcb_len / 2, cutout_width / 2,
pcb.copper_layer_elevation(1)],
)
sma_box = sim.csx.AddMetal("sma_box")
sma_box.AddBox(
priority=priorities["ground"],
start=[
pcb_len / 2,
-sma_rect_width / 2,
-sma_rect_height / 2 + sma_lead_height / 2,
],
stop=[
pcb_len / 2 + sma_rect_length,
sma_rect_width / 2,
sma_rect_height / 2 + sma_lead_height / 2,
],
)
sma_keepout = sim.csx.AddMaterial(
"sma_keepout",
epsilon=coax_dielectric.epsr_at_freq(ref_freq),
kappa=coax_dielectric.kappa_at_freq(ref_freq),
)
sma_keepout.AddCylinder(
priority=priorities["keepout"],
start=[pcb_len / 2, 0, sma_lead_height / 2],
stop=[pcb_len / 2 + sma_rect_length, 0, sma_lead_height / 2],
radius=coax_rad,
)
for ypos in [
-sma_rect_width / 2,
sma_rect_width / 2 - sma_gnd_prong_width,
]:
# sma_box.AddBox(
# priority=priorities["ground"],
# start=[pcb_len / 2 - sma_gnd_prong_len, ypos, 0],
# stop=[
# pcb_len / 2,
# ypos + sma_gnd_prong_width,
# sma_gnd_prong_height
# ],
# )
# sma_box.AddBox(
# priority=priorities["ground"],
# start=[
# pcb_len / 2 - sma_gnd_prong_len,
# ypos,
# pcb.copper_layer_elevation(1)
# ],
# stop=[
# pcb_len / 2,
# ypos + sma_gnd_prong_width,
# pcb.copper_layer_elevation(1) - sma_gnd_prong_height,
# ],
# )
sma_box.AddBox(
priority=priorities["ground"],
start=[
pcb_len / 2 - sma_gnd_prong_len,
ypos,
pcb.copper_layer_elevation(1) - sma_gnd_prong_height,
],
stop=[
pcb_len / 2,
ypos + sma_gnd_prong_width,
sma_gnd_prong_height,
],
)
lead = sim.csx.AddMetal("lead")
lead.AddBox(
priority=priorities["trace"],
start=[pcb_len / 2 - sma_lead_len / 2, -sma_lead_width / 2, 0],
stop=[
pcb_len / 2 + sma_rect_length,
sma_lead_width / 2,
sma_lead_height,
],
)
# coax port
Coax(
sim=sim,
position=Coordinate3(
pcb_len / 2 + sma_rect_length + coax_len / 2,
0,
sma_lead_height / 2,
),
length=coax_len,
radius=coax_rad,
core_radius=core_rad,
shield_thickness=mil_to_mm(5),
dielectric=coax_dielectric,
propagation_axis=Axis("x", direction=-1),
port_number=2,
ref_impedance=50,
)
mesh = Mesh(
sim=sim,
metal_res=1 / 120,
nonmetal_res=1 / 10,
min_lines=5,
expand_bounds=((0, 0), (0, 0), (10, 10)),
)
box = mesh.sim_box(include_pml=False)
sim.run(csx=False)
s11 = sim.s_param(1, 1)
s21 = sim.s_param(2, 1)
print("cutout width: {}".format(cutout_width))
print_table(
data=[sim.freq / 1e9, s11, s21],
col_names=["freq", "s11", "s21"],
prec=[4, 4, 4],
)
return np.sum(s11)
pad_length = cap_dim.width
# taper_length = pad_length / 4
taper_length = 0
# taper_length = 0.1501806
pcb = PCB(
sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_width,
layers=range(3),
omit_copper=[0],
)
box = Box2(
Coordinate2(-pcb_len / 2, -trace_width / 2),
Coordinate2(
-(cap_dim.length / 2) - (pad_length / 2) - taper_length,
trace_width / 2,
),
)
Microstrip(
pcb=pcb,
position=box.center(),
length=box.length(),
width=box.width(),
propagation_axis=Axis("x"),
trace_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
port_number=1,
excite=True,
freq = np.linspace(4e9, 8e9, 501)
sim = Simulation(freq=freq, unit=1e-3)
pcb_prop = common_pcbs["oshpark4"]
pcb_len = 10
trace_width = 0.38
gap = mil_to_mm(6)
via_gap = 0.4
pcb = PCB(sim=sim,
pcb_prop=pcb_prop,
length=pcb_len,
width=pcb_len,
layers=range(3))
box = Box2(
Coordinate2(-pcb_len / 2, pcb_len / 4 - (trace_width / 2)),
Coordinate2(pcb_len / 4, pcb_len / 4 + (trace_width / 2)),
)
miter = Miter(
pcb=pcb,
position=Coordinate2(pcb_len / 4, pcb_len / 4),
pcb_layer=0,
gnd_layer=1,
trace_width=trace_width,
gap=gap,
)
print("miter: {:.4f}mm ({:.2f}%)".format(
miter.miter, 100 * miter.miter / (trace_width * np.sqrt(2))))
Microstrip(
