def get_ptdf_for_contingency(m, out_branch):
"""Return an array of power transfer distribution factors (ptdfs) for each
bus / branch pair defined in model m, under the specified contingency
(branch out_branch taken out of service, or base case if out_branch is None)."""
branch_adj = np.copy(m.branch_array)
if out_branch is not None:
# deactivate the line for this contingency
branch_adj[m.branch_idx[out_branch], BR_STATUS] = 0
return makePTDF(value(m.base_mva), m.bus_array, branch_adj)
def t_makeLODF(quiet=False):
"""Tests for C{makeLODF}.
@author: Ray Zimmerman (PSERC Cornell)
@author: Richard Lincoln
"""
ntests = 31
t_begin(ntests, quiet)
tdir = dirname(__file__)
casefile = join(tdir, 't_auction_case')
verbose = 0 #not quiet
## load case
ppc = loadcase(casefile)
ppopt = ppoption(VERBOSE=verbose, OUT_ALL=0)
r = rundcopf(ppc, ppopt)
baseMVA, bus, gen, branch = r['baseMVA'], r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch']
_, bus, gen, branch = ext2int1(bus, gen, branch)
## compute injections and flows
F0 = branch[:, PF]
## create some PTDF matrices
H = makePTDF(baseMVA, bus, branch, 0)
## create some PTDF matrices
try:
LODF = makeLODF(branch, H)
except ZeroDivisionError:
pass
## take out non-essential lines one-by-one and see what happens
ppc['bus'] = bus
ppc['gen'] = gen
branch0 = branch
outages = r_[arange(12),
arange(13, 15),
arange(16, 18), [19],
arange(26, 33),
arange(34, 41)]
for k in outages:
ppc['branch'] = branch0.copy()
ppc['branch'][k, BR_STATUS] = 0
r, _ = rundcpf(ppc, ppopt)
baseMVA, bus, gen, branch = \
r['baseMVA'], r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch']
F = branch[:, PF]
t_is(LODF[:, k], (F - F0) / F0[k], 6, 'LODF[:, %d]' % k)
t_end()
def t_makeLODF(quiet=False):
"""Tests for C{makeLODF}.
@author: Ray Zimmerman (PSERC Cornell)
@author: Richard Lincoln
"""
ntests = 31
t_begin(ntests, quiet)
tdir = dirname(__file__)
casefile = join(tdir, 't_auction_case')
verbose = 0#not quiet
## load case
ppc = loadcase(casefile)
ppopt = ppoption(VERBOSE=verbose, OUT_ALL=0)
r = rundcopf(ppc, ppopt)
baseMVA, bus, gen, branch = r['baseMVA'], r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch']
_, bus, gen, branch = ext2int1(bus, gen, branch)
## compute injections and flows
F0 = branch[:, PF]
## create some PTDF matrices
H = makePTDF(baseMVA, bus, branch, 0)
## create some PTDF matrices
try:
LODF = makeLODF(branch, H)
except ZeroDivisionError:
pass
## take out non-essential lines one-by-one and see what happens
ppc['bus'] = bus
ppc['gen'] = gen
branch0 = branch
outages = r_[arange(12), arange(13, 15), arange(16, 18),
[19], arange(26, 33), arange(34, 41)]
for k in outages:
ppc['branch'] = branch0.copy()
ppc['branch'][k, BR_STATUS] = 0
r, _ = rundcpf(ppc, ppopt)
baseMVA, bus, gen, branch = \
r['baseMVA'], r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch']
F = branch[:, PF]
t_is(LODF[:, k], (F - F0) / F0[k], 6, 'LODF[:, %d]' % k)
t_end()
def calculate_PTDF(case, precision=None, tolerance=None):
bus = case.bus.copy(deep=True)
branch = case.branch.copy(deep=True)
value = [i + 1 for i in range(0, len(bus.index))]
bus_name = bus.index
bus.index = value
bus.index = bus.index.astype(int)
branch['F_BUS'] = branch['F_BUS'].apply(lambda x: value[bus_name.get_loc(x)]).astype(int)
branch['T_BUS'] = branch['T_BUS'].apply(lambda x: value[bus_name.get_loc(x)]).astype(int)
bus = np.array(bus.reset_index())
branch = np.array(branch)
ptdf = makePTDF(case.baseMVA, bus, branch, )
if precision is not None:
ptdf = ptdf.round(precision)
if tolerance is not None:
ptdf[abs(ptdf) < tolerance] = 0
return ptdf
def t_makePTDF(quiet=False):
"""Tests for C{makePTDF}.
@author: Ray Zimmerman (PSERC Cornell)
@author: Richard Lincoln
"""
ntests = 24
t_begin(ntests, quiet)
tdir = dirname(__file__)
casefile = join(tdir, 't_case9_opf')
verbose = 0 #not quiet
## load case
ppopt = ppoption(VERBOSE=verbose, OUT_ALL=0)
r = rundcopf(casefile, ppopt)
baseMVA, bus, gen, branch = r['baseMVA'], r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch']
_, bus, gen, branch = ext2int1(bus, gen, branch)
nb = bus.shape[0]
nbr = branch.shape[0]
ng = gen.shape[0]
## compute injections and flows
Cg = sparse((ones(ng), (gen[:, GEN_BUS], arange(ng))), (nb, ng))
Pg = Cg * gen[:, PG]
Pd = bus[:, PD]
P = Pg - Pd
ig = find(P > 0)
il = find(P <= 0)
F = branch[:, PF]
## create corresponding slack distribution matrices
e1 = zeros((nb, 1))
e1[0] = 1
e4 = zeros((nb, 1))
e4[3] = 1
D1 = eye(nb, nb) - dot(e1, ones((1, nb)))
D4 = eye(nb, nb) - dot(e4, ones((1, nb)))
Deq = eye(nb, nb) - ones((nb, 1)) / nb * ones((1, nb))
Dg = eye(nb) - matrix(Pd / sum(Pd)).T * ones(nb)
Dd = eye(nb) - matrix(Pg / sum(Pg)).T * ones(nb)
## create some PTDF matrices
H1 = makePTDF(baseMVA, bus, branch, 0)
H4 = makePTDF(baseMVA, bus, branch, 3)
Heq = makePTDF(baseMVA, bus, branch, ones(nb))
Hg = makePTDF(baseMVA, bus, branch, Pd)
Hd = makePTDF(baseMVA, bus, branch, Pg)
## matrices get properly transformed by slack dist matrices
t_is(H1, dot(H1, D1), 8, 'H1 == H1 * D1')
t_is(H4, dot(H1, D4), 8, 'H4 == H1 * D4')
t_is(Heq, dot(H1, Deq), 8, 'Heq == H1 * Deq')
t_is(Hg, dot(H1, Dg), 8, 'Hg == H1 * Dg')
t_is(Hd, dot(H1, Dd), 8, 'Hd == H1 * Dd')
t_is(H1, dot(Heq, D1), 8, 'H1 == Heq * D1')
t_is(H4, dot(Heq, D4), 8, 'H4 == Heq * D4')
t_is(Heq, dot(Heq, Deq), 8, 'Heq == Heq * Deq')
t_is(Hg, dot(Heq, Dg), 8, 'Hg == Heq * Dg')
t_is(Hd, dot(Heq, Dd), 8, 'Hd == Heq * Dd')
t_is(H1, dot(Hg, D1), 8, 'H1 == Hg * D1')
t_is(H4, dot(Hg, D4), 8, 'H4 == Hg * D4')
t_is(Heq, dot(Hg, Deq), 8, 'Heq == Hg * Deq')
t_is(Hg, dot(Hg, Dg), 8, 'Hg == Hg * Dg')
t_is(Hd, dot(Hg, Dd), 8, 'Hd == Hg * Dd')
## PTDFs can reconstruct flows
t_is(F, dot(H1, P), 3, 'Flow == H1 * P')
t_is(F, dot(H4, P), 3, 'Flow == H4 * P')
t_is(F, dot(Heq, P), 3, 'Flow == Heq * P')
t_is(F, dot(Hg, P), 3, 'Flow == Hg * P')
t_is(F, dot(Hd, P), 3, 'Flow == Hd * P')
## other
t_is(F, dot(Hg, Pg), 3, 'Flow == Hg * Pg')
t_is(F, dot(Hd, (-Pd)), 3, 'Flow == Hd * (-Pd)')
t_is(zeros(nbr), dot(Hg, (-Pd)), 3, 'zeros == Hg * (-Pd)')
t_is(zeros(nbr), dot(Hd, Pg), 3, 'zeros == Hd * Pg')
t_end()
def t_makePTDF(quiet=False):
"""Tests for C{makePTDF}.
@author: Ray Zimmerman (PSERC Cornell)
"""
ntests = 24
t_begin(ntests, quiet)
tdir = dirname(__file__)
casefile = join(tdir, 't_case9_opf')
verbose = 0#not quiet
## load case
ppopt = ppoption(VERBOSE=verbose, OUT_ALL=0)
r = rundcopf(casefile, ppopt)
baseMVA, bus, gen, branch = r['baseMVA'], r['bus'], r['gen'], r['branch']
_, bus, gen, branch = ext2int1(bus, gen, branch)
nb = bus.shape[0]
nbr = branch.shape[0]
ng = gen.shape[0]
## compute injections and flows
Cg = sparse((ones(ng), (gen[:, GEN_BUS], arange(ng))), (nb, ng))
Pg = Cg * gen[:, PG]
Pd = bus[:, PD]
P = Pg - Pd
ig = find(P > 0)
il = find(P <= 0)
F = branch[:, PF]
## create corresponding slack distribution matrices
e1 = zeros((nb, 1)); e1[0] = 1
e4 = zeros((nb, 1)); e4[3] = 1
D1 = eye(nb, nb) - dot(e1, ones((1, nb)))
D4 = eye(nb, nb) - dot(e4, ones((1, nb)))
Deq = eye(nb, nb) - ones((nb, 1)) / nb * ones((1, nb))
Dg = eye(nb) - matrix( Pd / sum(Pd) ).T * ones(nb)
Dd = eye(nb) - matrix( Pg / sum(Pg) ).T * ones(nb)
## create some PTDF matrices
H1 = makePTDF(baseMVA, bus, branch, 0)
H4 = makePTDF(baseMVA, bus, branch, 3)
Heq = makePTDF(baseMVA, bus, branch, ones(nb))
Hg = makePTDF(baseMVA, bus, branch, Pd)
Hd = makePTDF(baseMVA, bus, branch, Pg)
## matrices get properly transformed by slack dist matrices
t_is(H1, dot(H1, D1), 8, 'H1 == H1 * D1')
t_is(H4, dot(H1, D4), 8, 'H4 == H1 * D4')
t_is(Heq, dot(H1, Deq), 8, 'Heq == H1 * Deq')
t_is(Hg, dot(H1, Dg), 8, 'Hg == H1 * Dg')
t_is(Hd, dot(H1, Dd), 8, 'Hd == H1 * Dd')
t_is(H1, dot(Heq, D1), 8, 'H1 == Heq * D1')
t_is(H4, dot(Heq, D4), 8, 'H4 == Heq * D4')
t_is(Heq, dot(Heq, Deq), 8, 'Heq == Heq * Deq')
t_is(Hg, dot(Heq, Dg), 8, 'Hg == Heq * Dg')
t_is(Hd, dot(Heq, Dd), 8, 'Hd == Heq * Dd')
t_is(H1, dot(Hg, D1), 8, 'H1 == Hg * D1')
t_is(H4, dot(Hg, D4), 8, 'H4 == Hg * D4')
t_is(Heq, dot(Hg, Deq), 8, 'Heq == Hg * Deq')
t_is(Hg, dot(Hg, Dg), 8, 'Hg == Hg * Dg')
t_is(Hd, dot(Hg, Dd), 8, 'Hd == Hg * Dd')
## PTDFs can reconstruct flows
t_is(F, dot(H1, P), 3, 'Flow == H1 * P')
t_is(F, dot(H4, P), 3, 'Flow == H4 * P')
t_is(F, dot(Heq, P), 3, 'Flow == Heq * P')
t_is(F, dot(Hg, P), 3, 'Flow == Hg * P')
t_is(F, dot(Hd, P), 3, 'Flow == Hd * P')
## other
t_is(F, dot(Hg, Pg), 3, 'Flow == Hg * Pg')
t_is(F, dot(Hd, (-Pd)), 3, 'Flow == Hd * (-Pd)')
t_is(zeros(nbr), dot(Hg, (-Pd)), 3, 'zeros == Hg * (-Pd)')
t_is(zeros(nbr), dot(Hd, Pg), 3, 'zeros == Hd * Pg')
t_end()
