Example #1
0
    def __init__(self,
                 url_rewriter,
                 head_insert=None,
                 js_rewriter_class=None,
                 js_rewriter=None,
                 css_rewriter=None,
                 css_rewriter_class=None,
                 url='',
                 defmod='',
                 parse_comments=False,
                 charset='utf-8'):

        super(HTMLRewriterMixin, self).__init__(url_rewriter, False)
        self.charset = charset
        self._wb_parse_context = None

        if js_rewriter:
            self.js_rewriter = js_rewriter
        elif js_rewriter_class:
            self.js_rewriter = js_rewriter_class(url_rewriter)
        else:
            self.js_rewriter = JSRewriter(url_rewriter)

        if css_rewriter:
            self.css_rewriter = css_rewriter
        elif css_rewriter_class:
            self.css_rewriter = css_rewriter_class(url_rewriter)
        else:
            self.css_rewriter = CSSRewriter(url_rewriter)

        self.head_insert = head_insert
        self.parse_comments = parse_comments

        self.orig_url = url
        self.defmod = defmod
        self.rewrite_tags = self._init_rewrite_tags(defmod)

        # get opts from urlrewriter
        self.opts = url_rewriter.rewrite_opts

        self.force_decl = self.opts.get('force_html_decl', None)

        self.parsed_any = False
        self.has_base = False
Example #2
0
    def __init__(self, url_rewriter,
                 head_insert=None,
                 js_rewriter_class=None,
                 js_rewriter=None,
                 css_rewriter=None,
                 css_rewriter_class=None,
                 url = '',
                 defmod='',
                 parse_comments=False,
                 charset='utf-8'):

        super(HTMLRewriterMixin, self).__init__(url_rewriter, False)
        self.charset = charset
        self._wb_parse_context = None

        if js_rewriter:
            self.js_rewriter = js_rewriter
        elif js_rewriter_class:
            self.js_rewriter = js_rewriter_class(url_rewriter)
        else:
            self.js_rewriter = JSRewriter(url_rewriter)

        if css_rewriter:
            self.css_rewriter = css_rewriter
        elif css_rewriter_class:
            self.css_rewriter = css_rewriter_class(url_rewriter)
        else:
            self.css_rewriter = CSSRewriter(url_rewriter)

        self.head_insert = head_insert
        self.parse_comments = parse_comments

        self.orig_url = url
        self.defmod = defmod
        self.rewrite_tags = self._init_rewrite_tags(defmod)

        # get opts from urlrewriter
        self.opts = url_rewriter.rewrite_opts

        self.force_decl = self.opts.get('force_html_decl', None)

        self.parsed_any = False
        self.has_base = False
Example #3
0
class HTMLRewriterMixin(StreamingRewriter):
    """
    HTML-Parsing Rewriter for custom rewriting, also delegates
    to rewriters for script and css
    """
    @staticmethod
    def _init_rewrite_tags(defmod):
        rewrite_tags = {
            'a': {
                'href': defmod
            },
            'applet': {
                'codebase': 'oe_',
                'archive': 'oe_'
            },
            'area': {
                'href': defmod
            },
            'audio': {
                'src': 'oe_'
            },
            'base': {
                'href': defmod
            },
            'blockquote': {
                'cite': defmod
            },
            'body': {
                'background': 'im_'
            },
            'button': {
                'formaction': defmod
            },
            'command': {
                'icon': 'im_'
            },
            'del': {
                'cite': defmod
            },
            'embed': {
                'src': 'oe_'
            },
            'head': {
                '': defmod
            },  # for head rewriting
            'iframe': {
                'src': 'if_'
            },
            'image': {
                'src': 'im_',
                'xlink:href': 'im_'
            },
            'img': {
                'src': 'im_',
                'srcset': 'im_'
            },
            'ins': {
                'cite': defmod
            },
            'input': {
                'src': 'im_',
                'formaction': defmod
            },
            'form': {
                'action': defmod
            },
            'frame': {
                'src': 'fr_'
            },
            'link': {
                'href': 'oe_'
            },
            'meta': {
                'content': defmod
            },
            'object': {
                'codebase': 'oe_',
                'data': 'oe_'
            },
            'param': {
                'value': 'oe_'
            },
            'q': {
                'cite': defmod
            },
            'ref': {
                'href': 'oe_'
            },
            'script': {
                'src': 'js_',
                'xlink:href': 'js_'
            },  # covers both HTML and SVG script tags
            'source': {
                'src': 'oe_'
            },
            'video': {
                'src': 'oe_',
                'poster': 'im_'
            },
        }

        return rewrite_tags

    # tags allowed in the <head> of an html document
    HEAD_TAGS = [
        'html', 'head', 'base', 'link', 'meta', 'title', 'style', 'script',
        'object', 'bgsound'
    ]

    BEFORE_HEAD_TAGS = ['html', 'head']

    DATA_RW_PROTOCOLS = ('http://', 'https://', '//')

    PRELOAD_TYPES = {
        'script': 'js_',
        'worker': 'js_',
        'style': 'cs_',
        'image': 'im_',
        'document': 'if_',
        'fetch': 'mp_',
        'font': 'oe_',
        'audio': 'oe_',
        'video': 'oe_',
        'embed': 'oe_',
        'object': 'oe_',
        'track': 'oe_',
    }

    #===========================
    class AccumBuff:
        def __init__(self):
            self.ls = []

        def write(self, string):
            self.ls.append(string)

        def getvalue(self):
            return ''.join(self.ls)

    # ===========================
    def __init__(self,
                 url_rewriter,
                 head_insert=None,
                 js_rewriter_class=None,
                 js_rewriter=None,
                 css_rewriter=None,
                 css_rewriter_class=None,
                 url='',
                 defmod='',
                 parse_comments=False,
                 charset='utf-8'):

        super(HTMLRewriterMixin, self).__init__(url_rewriter, False)
        self.charset = charset
        self._wb_parse_context = None

        if js_rewriter:
            self.js_rewriter = js_rewriter
        elif js_rewriter_class:
            self.js_rewriter = js_rewriter_class(url_rewriter)
        else:
            self.js_rewriter = JSRewriter(url_rewriter)

        if css_rewriter:
            self.css_rewriter = css_rewriter
        elif css_rewriter_class:
            self.css_rewriter = css_rewriter_class(url_rewriter)
        else:
            self.css_rewriter = CSSRewriter(url_rewriter)

        self.head_insert = head_insert
        self.parse_comments = parse_comments

        self.orig_url = url
        self.defmod = defmod
        self.rewrite_tags = self._init_rewrite_tags(defmod)

        # get opts from urlrewriter
        self.opts = url_rewriter.rewrite_opts

        self.force_decl = self.opts.get('force_html_decl', None)

        self.parsed_any = False
        self.has_base = False

    # ===========================
    META_REFRESH_REGEX = re.compile('^[\\d.]+\\s*;\\s*url\\s*=\\s*(.+?)\\s*$',
                                    re.IGNORECASE | re.MULTILINE)

    ADD_WINDOW = re.compile('(?<![.])(WB_wombat_)')

    def _rewrite_meta_refresh(self, meta_refresh):
        if not meta_refresh:
            return ''

        m = self.META_REFRESH_REGEX.match(meta_refresh)
        if not m:
            return meta_refresh

        meta_refresh = (meta_refresh[:m.start(1)] +
                        self._rewrite_url(m.group(1)) +
                        meta_refresh[m.end(1):])

        return meta_refresh

    def _rewrite_base(self, url, mod=''):
        if not url:
            return ''

        url = self._ensure_url_has_path(url)

        base_url = self._rewrite_url(url, mod)

        self.url_rewriter = self.url_rewriter.rebase_rewriter(url)

        self.has_base = True

        if self.opts.get('rewrite_base', True):
            return base_url
        else:
            return url

    def _write_default_base(self):
        if not self.orig_url:
            return

        base_url = self._ensure_url_has_path(self.orig_url)

        # write default base only if different from implicit base
        if self.orig_url != base_url:
            base_url = self._rewrite_url(base_url)
            self.out.write('<base href="{0}"/>'.format(base_url))

        self.has_base = True

    def _ensure_url_has_path(self, url):
        """ ensure the url has a path component
        eg. http://example.com#abc converted to http://example.com/#abc
        """
        inx = url.find('://')
        if inx > 0:
            rest = url[inx + 3:]
        elif url.startswith('//'):
            rest = url[2:]
        else:
            rest = url

        if '/' in rest:
            return url

        scheme, netloc, path, query, frag = urlsplit(url)
        if not path:
            path = '/'

        url = urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, path, query, frag))
        return url

    def _rewrite_url(self, value, mod=None, force_abs=False):
        if not value:
            return ''

        value = value.strip()
        if not value:
            return ''

        orig_value = value

        # if not utf-8, then stream was encoded as iso-8859-1, and need to reencode
        # into correct charset
        if self.charset != 'utf-8' and self.charset != 'iso-8859-1':
            try:
                value = value.encode('iso-8859-1').decode(self.charset)
            except:
                pass

        unesc_value = self.try_unescape(value)
        rewritten_value = self.url_rewriter.rewrite(unesc_value, mod,
                                                    force_abs)

        # if no rewriting has occured, ensure we return original, not reencoded value
        if rewritten_value == value:
            return orig_value

        if unesc_value != value and rewritten_value != unesc_value:
            rewritten_value = rewritten_value.replace(unesc_value, value)

        return rewritten_value

    def try_unescape(self, value):
        if not value.startswith('http'):
            return value

        try:
            if orig_unescape:
                new_value = orig_unescape(value)
            else:
                new_value = HTMLParser.unescape(self, value)
        except Exception as e:
            return value

        return new_value

    SRCSET_REGEX = re.compile(
        '\s*(\S*\s+[\d\.]+[wx]),|(?:\s*,(?:\s+|(?=https?:)))')

    def _rewrite_srcset(self, value, mod=''):
        if not value:
            return ''

        values = (url.strip() for url in re.split(self.SRCSET_REGEX, value)
                  if url)
        values = [self._rewrite_url(v.strip()) for v in values]
        return ', '.join(values)

    def _rewrite_css(self, css_content):
        if css_content:
            return self.css_rewriter.rewrite_complete(css_content)
        else:
            return ''

    def _rewrite_script(self, script_content, inline_attr=False):
        if not script_content:
            return ''

        content = self.js_rewriter.rewrite_complete(script_content,
                                                    inline_attr=inline_attr)
        if inline_attr:
            content = self.ADD_WINDOW.sub('window.\\1', content)

        return content

    def has_attr(self, tag_attrs, attr):
        name, value = attr
        attr_value = self.get_attr(tag_attrs, name)
        if attr_value is None:
            return False

        return attr_value.lower() == value.lower()

    def get_attr(self, tag_attrs, match_name):
        for attr_name, attr_value in tag_attrs:
            if attr_name == match_name:
                return attr_value

        return None

    def _rewrite_tag_attrs(self, tag, tag_attrs, set_parsing_context=True):
        """Rewrite a tags attributes.

        If set_parsing_context is false then the parsing context will not set.
        If the head insert has not been added to the HTML being rewritten, there
        is no parsing context and the tag is not in BEFORE_HEAD_TAGS then the
        head_insert will be "inserted" and set to None

        :param str tag: The name of the tag to be rewritten
        :param list[tuple[str, str]] tag_attrs: A list of tuples representing
        the tags attributes
        :param bool set_parsing_context: Boolean indicating if the parsing
        context should be set
        :return: True
        :rtype: bool
        """
        # special case: head insertion, before-head tags
        if (self.head_insert and not self._wb_parse_context
                and (tag not in self.BEFORE_HEAD_TAGS)):
            self.out.write(self.head_insert)
            self.head_insert = None

        if set_parsing_context:
            self._set_parse_context(tag, tag_attrs)

        # attr rewriting
        handler = self.rewrite_tags.get(tag)
        if not handler:
            handler = {}

        self.out.write('<' + tag)

        for attr_name, attr_value in tag_attrs:
            empty_attr = False
            if attr_value is None:
                attr_value = ''
                empty_attr = True

            # special case: inline JS/event handler
            if ((attr_value and attr_value.startswith('javascript:'))
                    or attr_name.startswith('on') and attr_name[2:3] != '-'):
                attr_value = self._rewrite_script(attr_value, True)

            # special case: inline CSS/style attribute
            elif attr_name == 'style':
                attr_value = self._rewrite_css(attr_value)

            # special case: deprecated background attribute
            elif attr_name == 'background':
                rw_mod = 'im_'
                attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)

            # special case: srcset list
            elif attr_name == 'srcset':
                rw_mod = handler.get(attr_name, '')
                attr_value = self._rewrite_srcset(attr_value, rw_mod)

            # special case: disable crossorigin and integrity attr
            # as they may interfere with rewriting semantics
            elif attr_name in ('crossorigin', 'integrity'):
                attr_name = '_' + attr_name

            # special case: if rewrite_canon not set,
            # don't rewrite rel=canonical
            elif tag == 'link' and attr_name == 'href':
                rw_mod = handler.get(attr_name)
                attr_value = self._rewrite_link_href(attr_value, tag_attrs,
                                                     rw_mod)

            # special case: meta tag
            elif (tag == 'meta') and (attr_name == 'content'):
                if self.has_attr(tag_attrs, ('http-equiv', 'refresh')):
                    attr_value = self._rewrite_meta_refresh(attr_value)
                elif self.has_attr(tag_attrs,
                                   ('http-equiv', 'content-security-policy')):
                    attr_name = '_' + attr_name
                elif self.has_attr(tag_attrs, ('name', 'referrer')):
                    attr_value = 'no-referrer-when-downgrade'
                elif attr_value.startswith(self.DATA_RW_PROTOCOLS):
                    rw_mod = handler.get(attr_name)
                    attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)

            # special case: param value, conditional rewrite
            elif (tag == 'param'):
                if attr_value.startswith(self.DATA_RW_PROTOCOLS):
                    rw_mod = handler.get(attr_name)
                    attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)

            # special case: data- attrs, conditional rewrite
            elif attr_name and attr_value and attr_name.startswith('data-'):
                if attr_value.startswith(self.DATA_RW_PROTOCOLS):
                    rw_mod = 'oe_'
                    attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)

            # special case: base tag
            elif (tag == 'base') and (attr_name == 'href') and attr_value:
                rw_mod = handler.get(attr_name)
                attr_value = self._rewrite_base(attr_value, rw_mod)

            elif attr_name == 'href':
                rw_mod = self.defmod
                attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)

            elif tag == 'script' and attr_name == 'src':
                rw_mod = handler.get(attr_name)
                ov = attr_value
                attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)
                if attr_value == ov and not ov.startswith(
                        self.url_rewriter.NO_REWRITE_URI_PREFIX):
                    # URL not skipped, likely src='js/....', forcing abs to make sure, cause PHP MIME(JS) === HTML
                    attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod, True)
                    self._write_attr('__wb_orig_src', ov, empty_attr=None)
            else:
                # rewrite url using tag handler
                rw_mod = handler.get(attr_name)
                if rw_mod is not None:
                    attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)

            # write the attr!
            self._write_attr(attr_name, attr_value, empty_attr)

        return True

    def _rewrite_link_href(self, attr_value, tag_attrs, rw_mod):
        # rel="canonical"
        rel = self.get_attr(tag_attrs, 'rel')
        if rel == 'canonical':
            if self.opts.get('rewrite_rel_canon', True):
                return self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)
            else:
                # resolve relative rel=canonical URLs so that they
                # refer to the same absolute URL as on the original
                # page (see https://github.com/hypothesis/via/issues/65
                # for context)
                return urljoin(self.orig_url, attr_value)

        # find proper mod for preload
        elif rel == 'preload':
            preload = self.get_attr(tag_attrs, 'as')
            rw_mod = self.PRELOAD_TYPES.get(preload, rw_mod)

        # for html imports with an optional as (google exclusive)
        elif rel == 'import':
            rw_mod = 'mp_'

        elif rel == 'stylesheet':
            rw_mod = 'cs_'

        return self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)

    def _set_parse_context(self, tag, tag_attrs):
        # special case: script or style parse context
        if not self._wb_parse_context:
            if tag == 'style':
                self._wb_parse_context = 'style'

            elif tag == 'script':
                if self._allow_js_type(tag_attrs):
                    self._wb_parse_context = 'script'

    def _allow_js_type(self, tag_attrs):
        type_value = self.get_attr(tag_attrs, 'type')

        if not type_value:
            return True

        type_value = type_value.lower()

        if 'javascript' in type_value:
            return True

        if 'ecmascript' in type_value:
            return True

        return False

    def _rewrite_head(self, start_end):
        # special case: head tag

        # if no insert or in context, no rewrite
        if not self.head_insert or self._wb_parse_context:
            return False

        self.out.write('>')
        self.out.write(self.head_insert)
        self.head_insert = None

        if start_end:
            if not self.has_base:
                self._write_default_base()

            self.out.write('</head>')

        return True

    def _write_attr(self, name, value, empty_attr):
        # if empty_attr is set, just write 'attr'!
        if empty_attr:
            self.out.write(' ' + name)

        # write with value, if set
        elif value:

            self.out.write(' ' + name + '="' + value.replace('"', '&quot;') +
                           '"')

        # otherwise, 'attr=""' is more common, so use that form
        else:
            self.out.write(' ' + name + '=""')

    def parse_data(self, data):
        if self._wb_parse_context == 'script':
            data = self._rewrite_script(data)
        elif self._wb_parse_context == 'style':
            data = self._rewrite_css(data)

        self.out.write(data)

    def rewrite(self, string):
        self.out = self.AccumBuff()

        self.feed(string)

        result = self.out.getvalue()

        # track that something was parsed
        self.parsed_any = self.parsed_any or bool(string)

        # Clear buffer to create new one for next rewrite()
        self.out = None

        if self.force_decl:
            result = self.force_decl + '\n' + result
            self.force_decl = None

        return result

    def final_read(self):
        self.out = self.AccumBuff()

        self._internal_close()

        result = self.out.getvalue()

        # Clear buffer to create new one for next rewrite()
        self.out = None

        return result

    def close(self):
        return self.final_read()

    def _internal_close(self):  # pragma: no cover
        raise NotImplementedError('Base method')
def _test_js(string, extra = []):
    return JSRewriter(urlrewriter, extra).rewrite(string)
Example #5
0
class HTMLRewriterMixin(StreamingRewriter):
    """
    HTML-Parsing Rewriter for custom rewriting, also delegates
    to rewriters for script and css
    """

    @staticmethod
    def _init_rewrite_tags(defmod):
        rewrite_tags = {
            'a':       {'href': defmod},
            'applet':  {'codebase': 'oe_',
                        'archive': 'oe_'},
            'area':    {'href': defmod},
            'audio':   {'src': 'oe_'},
            'base':    {'href': defmod},
            'blockquote': {'cite': defmod},
            'body':    {'background': 'im_'},
            'button':  {'formaction': defmod},
            'command': {'icon': 'im_'},
            'del':     {'cite': defmod},
            'embed':   {'src': 'oe_'},
            'head':    {'': defmod},  # for head rewriting
            'iframe':  {'src': 'if_'},
            'image':   {'src': 'im_', 'xlink:href': 'im_'},
            'img':     {'src': 'im_',
                        'srcset': 'im_'},
            'ins':     {'cite': defmod},
            'input':   {'src': 'im_',
                        'formaction': defmod},
            'form':    {'action': defmod},
            'frame':   {'src': 'fr_'},
            'link':    {'href': 'oe_'},
            'meta':    {'content': defmod},
            'object':  {'codebase': 'oe_',
                        'data': 'oe_'},
            'param':   {'value': 'oe_'},
            'q':       {'cite': defmod},
            'ref':     {'href': 'oe_'},
            'script':  {'src': 'js_', 'xlink:href': 'js_'},  # covers both HTML and SVG script tags
            'source':  {'src': 'oe_'},
            'video':   {'src': 'oe_',
                        'poster': 'im_'},
        }

        return rewrite_tags

    # tags allowed in the <head> of an html document
    HEAD_TAGS = ['html', 'head', 'base', 'link', 'meta',
                 'title', 'style', 'script', 'object', 'bgsound']

    BEFORE_HEAD_TAGS = ['html', 'head']

    DATA_RW_PROTOCOLS = ('http://', 'https://', '//')

    PRELOAD_TYPES = {
        'script': 'js_',
        'worker': 'js_',
        'style': 'cs_',
        'image': 'im_',
        'document': 'if_',
        'fetch': 'mp_',
        'font': 'oe_',
        'audio': 'oe_',
        'video': 'oe_',
        'embed': 'oe_',
        'object': 'oe_',
        'track': 'oe_',
    }

    #===========================
    class AccumBuff:
        def __init__(self):
            self.ls = []

        def write(self, string):
            self.ls.append(string)

        def getvalue(self):
            return ''.join(self.ls)


    # ===========================
    def __init__(self, url_rewriter,
                 head_insert=None,
                 js_rewriter_class=None,
                 js_rewriter=None,
                 css_rewriter=None,
                 css_rewriter_class=None,
                 url = '',
                 defmod='',
                 parse_comments=False,
                 charset='utf-8'):

        super(HTMLRewriterMixin, self).__init__(url_rewriter, False)
        self.charset = charset
        self._wb_parse_context = None

        if js_rewriter:
            self.js_rewriter = js_rewriter
        elif js_rewriter_class:
            self.js_rewriter = js_rewriter_class(url_rewriter)
        else:
            self.js_rewriter = JSRewriter(url_rewriter)

        if css_rewriter:
            self.css_rewriter = css_rewriter
        elif css_rewriter_class:
            self.css_rewriter = css_rewriter_class(url_rewriter)
        else:
            self.css_rewriter = CSSRewriter(url_rewriter)

        self.head_insert = head_insert
        self.parse_comments = parse_comments

        self.orig_url = url
        self.defmod = defmod
        self.rewrite_tags = self._init_rewrite_tags(defmod)

        # get opts from urlrewriter
        self.opts = url_rewriter.rewrite_opts

        self.force_decl = self.opts.get('force_html_decl', None)

        self.parsed_any = False
        self.has_base = False

    # ===========================
    META_REFRESH_REGEX = re.compile('^[\\d.]+\\s*;\\s*url\\s*=\\s*(.+?)\\s*$',
                                    re.IGNORECASE | re.MULTILINE)

    ADD_WINDOW = re.compile('(?<![.])(WB_wombat_)')

    def _rewrite_meta_refresh(self, meta_refresh):
        if not meta_refresh:
            return ''

        m = self.META_REFRESH_REGEX.match(meta_refresh)
        if not m:
            return meta_refresh

        meta_refresh = (meta_refresh[:m.start(1)] +
                        self._rewrite_url(m.group(1)) +
                        meta_refresh[m.end(1):])

        return meta_refresh

    def _rewrite_base(self, url, mod=''):
        if not url:
            return ''

        url = self._ensure_url_has_path(url)

        base_url = self._rewrite_url(url, mod)

        self.url_rewriter = self.url_rewriter.rebase_rewriter(url)

        self.has_base = True

        if self.opts.get('rewrite_base', True):
            return base_url
        else:
            return url

    def _write_default_base(self):
        if not self.orig_url:
            return

        base_url = self._ensure_url_has_path(self.orig_url)

        # write default base only if different from implicit base
        if self.orig_url != base_url:
            base_url = self._rewrite_url(base_url)
            self.out.write('<base href="{0}"/>'.format(base_url))

        self.has_base = True

    def _ensure_url_has_path(self, url):
        """ ensure the url has a path component
        eg. http://example.com#abc converted to http://example.com/#abc
        """
        inx = url.find('://')
        if inx > 0:
            rest = url[inx + 3:]
        elif url.startswith('//'):
            rest = url[2:]
        else:
            rest = url

        if '/' in rest:
            return url

        scheme, netloc, path, query, frag = urlsplit(url)
        if not path:
            path = '/'

        url = urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, path, query, frag))
        return url

    def _rewrite_url(self, value, mod=None, force_abs=False):
        if not value:
            return ''

        value = value.strip()
        if not value:
            return ''


        orig_value = value

        # if not utf-8, then stream was encoded as iso-8859-1, and need to reencode
        # into correct charset
        if self.charset != 'utf-8' and self.charset != 'iso-8859-1':
            try:
                value = value.encode('iso-8859-1').decode(self.charset)
            except:
                pass

        unesc_value = self.try_unescape(value)
        rewritten_value = self.url_rewriter.rewrite(unesc_value, mod, force_abs)

        # if no rewriting has occured, ensure we return original, not reencoded value
        if rewritten_value == value:
            return orig_value

        if unesc_value != value and rewritten_value != unesc_value:
            rewritten_value = rewritten_value.replace(unesc_value, value)

        return rewritten_value

    def try_unescape(self, value):
        if not value.startswith('http'):
            return value

        try:
            if orig_unescape:
                new_value = orig_unescape(value)
            else:
                new_value = HTMLParser.unescape(self, value)
        except Exception as e:
            return value

        return new_value

    SRCSET_REGEX = re.compile('\s*(\S*\s+[\d\.]+[wx]),|(?:\s*,(?:\s+|(?=https?:)))')

    def _rewrite_srcset(self, value, mod=''):
        if not value:
            return ''

        values = (url.strip() for url in re.split(self.SRCSET_REGEX, value) if url)
        values = [self._rewrite_url(v.strip()) for v in values]
        return ', '.join(values)

    def _rewrite_css(self, css_content):
        if css_content:
            return self.css_rewriter.rewrite_complete(css_content)
        else:
            return ''

    def _rewrite_script(self, script_content, inline_attr=False):
        if not script_content:
            return ''

        content = self.js_rewriter.rewrite_complete(script_content,
                                                    inline_attr=inline_attr)
        if inline_attr:
            content = self.ADD_WINDOW.sub('window.\\1', content)

        return content

    def has_attr(self, tag_attrs, attr):
        name, value = attr
        attr_value = self.get_attr(tag_attrs, name)
        if attr_value is None:
            return False

        return attr_value.lower() == value.lower()

    def get_attr(self, tag_attrs, match_name):
        for attr_name, attr_value in tag_attrs:
            if attr_name == match_name:
                return attr_value

        return None

    def _rewrite_tag_attrs(self, tag, tag_attrs, set_parsing_context=True):
        """Rewrite a tags attributes.

        If set_parsing_context is false then the parsing context will not set.
        If the head insert has not been added to the HTML being rewritten, there
        is no parsing context and the tag is not in BEFORE_HEAD_TAGS then the
        head_insert will be "inserted" and set to None

        :param str tag: The name of the tag to be rewritten
        :param list[tuple[str, str]] tag_attrs: A list of tuples representing
        the tags attributes
        :param bool set_parsing_context: Boolean indicating if the parsing
        context should be set
        :return: True
        :rtype: bool
        """
        # special case: head insertion, before-head tags
        if (self.head_insert and
              not self._wb_parse_context
              and (tag not in self.BEFORE_HEAD_TAGS)):
            self.out.write(self.head_insert)
            self.head_insert = None

        if set_parsing_context:
            self._set_parse_context(tag, tag_attrs)

        # attr rewriting
        handler = self.rewrite_tags.get(tag)
        if not handler:
            handler = {}

        self.out.write('<' + tag)

        for attr_name, attr_value in tag_attrs:
            empty_attr = False
            if attr_value is None:
                attr_value = ''
                empty_attr = True

            # special case: inline JS/event handler
            if ((attr_value and attr_value.startswith('javascript:'))
                 or attr_name.startswith('on') and attr_name[2:3] != '-'):
                attr_value = self._rewrite_script(attr_value, True)

            # special case: inline CSS/style attribute
            elif attr_name == 'style':
                attr_value = self._rewrite_css(attr_value)

            # special case: deprecated background attribute
            elif attr_name == 'background':
                rw_mod = 'im_'
                attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)

            # special case: srcset list
            elif attr_name == 'srcset':
                rw_mod = handler.get(attr_name, '')
                attr_value = self._rewrite_srcset(attr_value, rw_mod)

            # special case: disable crossorigin and integrity attr
            # as they may interfere with rewriting semantics
            elif attr_name in ('crossorigin', 'integrity'):
                attr_name = '_' + attr_name

            # special case: if rewrite_canon not set,
            # don't rewrite rel=canonical
            elif tag == 'link' and attr_name == 'href':
                rw_mod = handler.get(attr_name)
                attr_value = self._rewrite_link_href(attr_value, tag_attrs, rw_mod)

            # special case: meta tag
            elif (tag == 'meta') and (attr_name == 'content'):
                if self.has_attr(tag_attrs, ('http-equiv', 'refresh')):
                    attr_value = self._rewrite_meta_refresh(attr_value)
                elif self.has_attr(tag_attrs, ('http-equiv', 'content-security-policy')):
                    attr_name = '_' + attr_name
                elif self.has_attr(tag_attrs, ('name', 'referrer')):
                    attr_value = 'no-referrer-when-downgrade'
                elif attr_value.startswith(self.DATA_RW_PROTOCOLS):
                    rw_mod = handler.get(attr_name)
                    attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)

            # special case: param value, conditional rewrite
            elif (tag == 'param'):
                if attr_value.startswith(self.DATA_RW_PROTOCOLS):
                    rw_mod = handler.get(attr_name)
                    attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)

            # special case: data- attrs, conditional rewrite
            elif attr_name and attr_value and attr_name.startswith('data-'):
                if attr_value.startswith(self.DATA_RW_PROTOCOLS):
                    rw_mod = 'oe_'
                    attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)

            # special case: base tag
            elif (tag == 'base') and (attr_name == 'href') and attr_value:
                rw_mod = handler.get(attr_name)
                attr_value = self._rewrite_base(attr_value, rw_mod)

            elif attr_name == 'href':
                rw_mod = self.defmod
                attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)

            elif tag == 'script' and attr_name == 'src':
                rw_mod = handler.get(attr_name)
                ov = attr_value
                attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)
                if attr_value == ov and not ov.startswith(self.url_rewriter.NO_REWRITE_URI_PREFIX):
                    # URL not skipped, likely src='js/....', forcing abs to make sure, cause PHP MIME(JS) === HTML
                    attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod, True)
                    self._write_attr('__wb_orig_src', ov, empty_attr=None)
            else:
                # rewrite url using tag handler
                rw_mod = handler.get(attr_name)
                if rw_mod is not None:
                    attr_value = self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)

            # write the attr!
            self._write_attr(attr_name, attr_value, empty_attr)

        return True

    def _rewrite_link_href(self, attr_value, tag_attrs, rw_mod):
        # rel="canonical"
        rel = self.get_attr(tag_attrs, 'rel')
        if rel == 'canonical':
            if self.opts.get('rewrite_rel_canon', True):
                return self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)
            else:
                # resolve relative rel=canonical URLs so that they
                # refer to the same absolute URL as on the original
                # page (see https://github.com/hypothesis/via/issues/65
                # for context)
                return urljoin(self.orig_url, attr_value)

        # find proper mod for preload
        elif rel == 'preload':
            preload = self.get_attr(tag_attrs, 'as')
            rw_mod = self.PRELOAD_TYPES.get(preload, rw_mod)

        # for html imports with an optional as (google exclusive)
        elif rel == 'import':
            rw_mod = 'mp_'

        elif rel == 'stylesheet':
            rw_mod = 'cs_'

        return self._rewrite_url(attr_value, rw_mod)

    def _set_parse_context(self, tag, tag_attrs):
        # special case: script or style parse context
        if not self._wb_parse_context:
            if tag == 'style':
                self._wb_parse_context = 'style'

            elif tag == 'script':
                if self._allow_js_type(tag_attrs):
                    self._wb_parse_context = 'script'

    def _allow_js_type(self, tag_attrs):
        type_value = self.get_attr(tag_attrs, 'type')

        if not type_value:
            return True

        type_value = type_value.lower()

        if 'javascript' in type_value:
            return True

        if 'ecmascript' in type_value:
            return True

        return False

    def _rewrite_head(self, start_end):
        # special case: head tag

        # if no insert or in context, no rewrite
        if not self.head_insert or self._wb_parse_context:
            return False

        self.out.write('>')
        self.out.write(self.head_insert)
        self.head_insert = None

        if start_end:
            if not self.has_base:
                self._write_default_base()

            self.out.write('</head>')

        return True

    def _write_attr(self, name, value, empty_attr):
        # if empty_attr is set, just write 'attr'!
        if empty_attr:
            self.out.write(' ' + name)

        # write with value, if set
        elif value:

            self.out.write(' ' + name + '="' + value.replace('"', '&quot;') + '"')

        # otherwise, 'attr=""' is more common, so use that form
        else:
            self.out.write(' ' + name + '=""')

    def parse_data(self, data):
        if self._wb_parse_context == 'script':
            data = self._rewrite_script(data)
        elif self._wb_parse_context == 'style':
            data = self._rewrite_css(data)

        self.out.write(data)

    def rewrite(self, string):
        self.out = self.AccumBuff()

        self.feed(string)

        result = self.out.getvalue()

        # track that something was parsed
        self.parsed_any = self.parsed_any or bool(string)

        # Clear buffer to create new one for next rewrite()
        self.out = None

        if self.force_decl:
            result = self.force_decl + '\n' + result
            self.force_decl = None

        return result

    def final_read(self):
        self.out = self.AccumBuff()

        self._internal_close()

        result = self.out.getvalue()

        # Clear buffer to create new one for next rewrite()
        self.out = None

        return result

    def close(self):
        return self.final_read()

    def _internal_close(self):  # pragma: no cover
        raise NotImplementedError('Base method')