def test_filter_for_labels_with_no_props(self): marko = Vertex("person", name="Marko") josh = Vertex("person", name="Marko") edge = Edge(marko, "father", josh) container = EntitySet() container.add(edge) self.assertEqual(container.filter("father").sorted(), sorted([edge]))
def __init__(self): self._vclass = Vertex self._eclass = Edge self._id_tracker = IDGenerator() self._vconstraints = defaultdict(dict) self._econstraints = defaultdict() self.vertices = EntitySet() self.edges = EntitySet()
def test_filter_for_labels_with_no_props(self): marko = Vertex( "person", name="Marko", ) josh = Vertex( "person", name="Marko", ) edge = Edge(marko, "father", josh) container = EntitySet() container.add(edge) self.assertEqual(container.filter("father").sorted(), sorted([edge]))
def test_union_filter_for_labels_with_no_props(self): id_generator = IDGenerator() marko = Vertex( "person", name="Marko", ) josh = Vertex( "person", name="Marko", ) edge = Edge(marko, "father", josh) edge2 = Edge(josh, "son", marko) # attach ID's to the vertices and edges. marko.ident = id_generator.get_vertex_id() josh.ident = id_generator.get_vertex_id() edge.ident = id_generator.get_edge_id() edge2.ident = id_generator.get_edge_id() container1 = EntitySet() container2 = EntitySet() container1.add(edge) container2.add(edge2) container3 = container1 | container2 self.assertEqual(container3.filter("father").sorted(), sorted([edge])) self.assertEqual(container3.filter("son").sorted(), sorted([edge2]))
def setUp(self): id_generator = IDGenerator() self.marko = Vertex( "Father", name="Marko", surname="Jones", age=30, ) self.john = Vertex( "Brother", name="John", surname="Jones", age=30 ) self.peter = Vertex( "Uncle", name="Peter", surname="Doe", age=20 ) # add id's to the unbound vertices self.marko.ident = id_generator.get_vertex_id() self.john.ident = id_generator.get_vertex_id() self.peter.ident = id_generator.get_vertex_id() self.container = EntitySet([self.marko, self.john, self.peter])
def test_intersection(self): sue = Vertex("Sister", name="Sue") intersection = self.container & EntitySet([self.marko, sue]) self.assertEqual( intersection.sorted(), # pylint: disable=no-member sorted([ self.marko, ]))
def test_union_with_duplicate_id(self): union = self.container | EntitySet([self.marko]) self.assertEqual( union.sorted(), # pylint: disable=no-member sorted([ self.marko, self.john, self.peter, ]))
def test_difference(self): sue = Vertex("Sister", name="Sue") diff = self.container - EntitySet([self.marko, sue]) self.assertEqual( diff.sorted(), # pylint: disable=no-member sorted([ self.john, self.peter, ]))
def test_union_filter_for_labels_with_no_props(self): id_generator = IDGenerator() marko = Vertex( "person", name="Marko", ) josh = Vertex( "person", name="Marko", ) edge = Edge(marko, "father", josh) edge2 = Edge(josh, "son", marko) # attach ID's to the vertices and edges. marko.ident = id_generator.get_vertex_id() josh.ident = id_generator.get_vertex_id() edge.ident = id_generator.get_edge_id() edge2.ident = id_generator.get_edge_id() container1 = EntitySet() container2 = EntitySet() container1.add(edge) container2.add(edge2) container3 = container1 | container2 self.assertEqual( container3.filter("father").sorted(), sorted([edge]) ) self.assertEqual( container3.filter("son").sorted(), sorted([edge2]) )
def get_edges(self, head=None, label=None, tail=None, **kwargs): if head is None and tail is None: return self.edges.filter(label, **kwargs) container = EntitySet() for edge in self.edges.filter(label, **kwargs): if head and tail is None: if edge.head == head: container.add(edge) elif tail and head is None: if edge.tail == tail: container.add(edge) else: if edge.head == head and edge.tail == tail: container.add(edge) return container
def test_union(self): sue = Vertex( "Sister", name="Sue" ) union = self.container | EntitySet([sue, self.marko]) self.assertEqual( union.sorted(), # pylint: disable=no-member sorted( [ self.marko, self.john, self.peter, sue ] ) )
class Graph(interfaces.IGraph): """ In-memory graph database. See :class:`~.IGraph` for doco. """ def __init__(self): self._vclass = Vertex self._eclass = Edge self._id_tracker = IDGenerator() self._vconstraints = defaultdict(dict) self._econstraints = defaultdict() self.vertices = EntitySet() self.edges = EntitySet() def load(self, file_handler): vertex_id_mapping = {} data = json.load(file_handler) constraints = data.get("constraints", []) for constraint_dict in constraints: self.add_vertex_constraint( constraint_dict["label"], constraint_dict["key"], ) vertices = sorted(data.get("vertices", []), key=lambda x: x["id"]) for vertex_dict in vertices: vertex = self.get_or_create_vertex( vertex_dict["label"], **vertex_dict["properties"] ) vertex_id_mapping[vertex_dict["id"]] = vertex edges = sorted(data.get("edges", []), key=lambda x: x["id"]) for edge_dict in edges: head = vertex_id_mapping[edge_dict["head_id"]] tail = vertex_id_mapping[edge_dict["tail_id"]] self.get_or_create_edge( head, edge_dict["label"], tail, **edge_dict["properties"] ) def dump(self, file_handler): data = { "vertices": [], "edges": [], "constraints": [], } for vertex in self.vertices: data["vertices"].append(vertex.as_dict()) for edge in self.edges: data["edges"].append(edge.as_dict()) for label, key in self.get_vertex_constraints(): data["constraints"].append( { "label": label, "key": key } ) json.dump(data, file_handler, indent=4, sort_keys=True) def add_vertex_constraint(self, label, key): self._vconstraints[label][key] = set() def get_vertex_constraints(self): constraints = [] for label in self._vconstraints: for key in self._vconstraints[label]: constraints.append((label, key)) return constraints def bind_to_graph(self, entity): if isinstance(entity, interfaces.IVertex): entity.ident = self._id_tracker.get_vertex_id() elif isinstance(entity, interfaces.IEdge): entity.ident = self._id_tracker.get_edge_id() else: raise interfaces.UnknownEntityError( "Unknown entity {0!r}".format(entity) ) entity.graph = self def get_or_create_vertex(self, label=None, **kwargs): if not label and not kwargs: return None # first check constraints. if label in self._vconstraints: for key, collection in self._vconstraints[label].items(): if key not in kwargs: continue for vertex in collection: if vertex.properties[key] == kwargs[key]: return vertex # no matches in constraints, so do a EntitySet filter vertices = self.vertices.filter(label, **kwargs) if len(vertices) > 1: raise interfaces.MultipleFoundExpectedOne( "Multiple vertices found when one expected." ) elif len(vertices) == 1: return vertices.all()[0] return self.add_vertex(label, **kwargs) def get_or_create_edge(self, head, label, tail, **kwargs): if isinstance(head, tuple): head = self.get_or_create_vertex(head[0], **head[1]) if isinstance(tail, tuple): tail = self.get_or_create_vertex(tail[0], **tail[1]) # There can only a single edge between head and tail with a # particular label. So there is not point filtering for # properties. indexed_edge = self._econstraints.get((head, label, tail)) if indexed_edge: return indexed_edge return self.add_edge(head, label, tail, **kwargs) def append_edge(self, edge): head = edge.head tail = edge.tail self.append_vertex(head) self.append_vertex(tail) if edge.graph is not None and edge.graph is not self: raise interfaces.DatabaseException( "Can not append edge {} which is already bound to " "anther graph instance.".format(edge) ) if edge in self: return edge if edge.ident is not None: raise interfaces.EntityIDError( "Edge {} already has it identity number set.".format(edge) ) self._edge_constraint_violated(edge) self._econstraints[(head, edge.label, tail)] = edge self.bind_to_graph(edge) self.edges.add(edge) head.out_edges.add(edge) tail.in_edges.add(edge) return edge def append_vertex(self, vertex): if vertex.graph is not None and vertex.graph is not self: raise interfaces.DatabaseException( "Can not append vertex {} which is already bound to " "anther graph instance.".format(vertex) ) if vertex in self: return vertex if vertex.ident is not None: raise interfaces.EntityIDError( "Vertex {} already has it identity number set.".format(vertex) ) self._vertex_constraint_violated(vertex) if vertex.label in self._vconstraints: for key in self._vconstraints[vertex.label]: if key in vertex.properties: self._vconstraints[vertex.label][key].add(vertex) self.bind_to_graph(vertex) self.vertices.add(vertex) return vertex def add_edge(self, head, label, tail, **kwargs): edge = self._eclass(head, label, tail, **kwargs) return self.append_edge(edge) def add_vertex(self, label=None, **kwargs): vertex = self._vclass(label=label, **kwargs) return self.append_vertex(vertex) def _vertex_constraint_violated(self, vertex, **kwargs): """ Check if the given vertex violates any of the constraints. :param vertex: vertex that you are checking for constraint violations. :type vertex: :class:`~.IVertex` :param kwargs: Additional properties. :type kwargs: :class:`dict` :raises ConstraintViolation: Raised if you a constraint violation has been found. """ key_index = self._vconstraints.get(vertex.label, {}) # first check the entity properties for constraint violations # Then check any additional properties for constraint violations. # Additional properties are for cases like `.set_property` for props in [vertex.properties, kwargs]: for key, value in props.items(): if key not in key_index: continue for indexed_entity in key_index[key]: if indexed_entity != vertex: if indexed_entity.properties[key] == value: raise interfaces.ConstraintViolation( "{!r} violated constraint {!r}".format( vertex, key ) ) # todo: add in property constraint violation checks for edges def _edge_constraint_violated(self, edge): """ Check if the given edge violates any of the constraints. :param edge: Edge that you are checking for constraint violations. :type edge: :class:`~.IEdge` :raises ConstraintViolation: Raised if you a constraint violation has been found. """ if (edge.head, edge.label, edge.tail) in self._econstraints: raise interfaces.ConstraintViolation( "Duplicate {0!r} edges between head {1!r} and tail {2!r} " "is not allowed".format( edge.label, edge.head, edge.tail, ) ) def set_property(self, entity, **kwargs): if entity not in self: raise interfaces.UnknownEntityError( "Unknown entity {0!r}".format(entity) ) if isinstance(entity, interfaces.IVertex): self._vertex_constraint_violated(entity, **kwargs) self.vertices.update_index(entity, **kwargs) if isinstance(entity, interfaces.IEdge): # edge property constraints are not supported at this stage. # todo: enable once edge property constraints are added. # self._edge_constraint_violated(entity) self.edges.update_index(entity, **kwargs) entity._update_properties(kwargs) # pylint: disable=protected-access def get_edge(self, id_num): return self.edges.get(id_num) def get_vertex(self, id_num): return self.vertices.get(id_num) def get_edges(self, head=None, label=None, tail=None, **kwargs): if head is None and tail is None: return self.edges.filter(label, **kwargs) container = EntitySet() for edge in self.edges.filter(label, **kwargs): if head and tail is None: if edge.head == head: container.add(edge) elif tail and head is None: if edge.tail == tail: container.add(edge) else: if edge.head == head and edge.tail == tail: container.add(edge) return container def get_vertices(self, label=None, **kwargs): return self.vertices.filter(label, **kwargs) def remove_edge(self, edge): edge.head.remove_edge(edge) edge.tail.remove_edge(edge) self.edges.remove(edge) def remove_vertex(self, vertex): if len(vertex.get_both_edges()) > 0: raise interfaces.VertexBoundByEdges( "Vertex {0!r} is still bound to another vertex " "by an edge. First remove all the edges on the vertex and " "then remove it again.".format(vertex) ) self.vertices.remove(vertex) def close(self): # pragma: no cover # Nothing to do for the close at this stage. return def __contains__(self, entity): is_vertex = isinstance(entity, interfaces.IVertex) is_edge = isinstance(entity, interfaces.IEdge) if not is_vertex and not is_edge: raise TypeError( "Unsupported entity type {0}".format(type(entity)) ) return entity in self.vertices or entity in self.edges
class TestEntitySet(base.TestBase): def setUp(self): super(TestEntitySet, self).setUp() self.container = EntitySet([self.marko, self.josh, self.peter]) def test_add(self): self.container.add(self.lop) self.assertEqual( self.container.sorted(key=lambda x: x.ident), sorted( [self.marko, self.josh, self.peter, self.lop], key=lambda x: x.ident, )) def test_add_dup_id(self): sue = Vertex("person", name="dup_vertex_id") sue.ident = 0 self.assertRaises(KeyError, self.container.add, sue) def test_add_same_vertex(self): self.container.add(self.marko) self.assertEqual( self.container.sorted(), sorted([self.marko, self.josh, self.peter]), ) def test_get_labels(self): self.container.add(self.lop) self.assertEqual( sorted(self.container.get_labels()), sorted(["person", "app"]), ) def test_get_indexes(self): self.assertEqual( sorted(self.container.get_indexes()), sorted([ ("person", "age"), ("person", "name"), ]), ) def test_update_index(self): self.container.update_index(self.marko, surname="Foo") self.assertEqual( sorted(self.container.get_indexes()), sorted([ ("person", "age"), ("person", "name"), ("person", "surname"), ]), ) def test_remove(self): self.container.remove(self.marko) self.assertEqual(self.container.sorted(), sorted([self.josh, self.peter])) def test_remove_with_unindexed_property(self): self.marko.properties["unindexed"] = "say what" self.container.remove(self.marko) self.assertEqual(self.container.sorted(), sorted([self.josh, self.peter])) def test_remove_unknown_entity_id(self): sue = Vertex(100, name="sue") self.assertRaises( KeyError, self.container.remove, sue, ) def test_contains(self): self.assertIn(self.marko, self.container) def test_iter(self): self.assertEqual(self.container.sorted(), sorted([self.marko, self.josh, self.peter])) def test_get(self): self.assertEqual(self.container.get(0), self.marko) def test_get_no_such_entity_with_id(self): self.assertRaises( KeyError, self.container.get, 100, ) def test_len(self): self.assertEqual(3, len(self.container)) def test_all(self): self.assertEqual( sorted(self.container.all(), key=lambda x: x.ident), sorted([self.marko, self.josh, self.peter], key=lambda x: x.ident)) def test_sorted(self): self.assertEqual(self.container.sorted(), sorted([self.marko, self.josh, self.peter])) def test_sorted_cmp_key(self): self.assertEqual( self.container.sorted(key=lambda x: x.properties["name"]), sorted( [self.marko, self.josh, self.peter], key=lambda x: x.properties["name"], ))
class Graph(interfaces.IGraph): """ In-memory graph database. See :class:`~.IGraph` for doco. """ def __init__(self): self._vclass = Vertex self._eclass = Edge self._id_tracker = IDGenerator() self._vconstraints = defaultdict(dict) self._econstraints = defaultdict() self.vertices = EntitySet() self.edges = EntitySet() def load(self, file_handler): vertex_id_mapping = {} data = json.load(file_handler) constraints = data.get("constraints", []) for constraint_dict in constraints: self.add_vertex_constraint( constraint_dict["label"], constraint_dict["key"], ) vertices = sorted(data.get("vertices", []), key=lambda x: x["id"]) for vertex_dict in vertices: vertex = self.get_or_create_vertex(vertex_dict["label"], **vertex_dict["properties"]) vertex_id_mapping[vertex_dict["id"]] = vertex edges = sorted(data.get("edges", []), key=lambda x: x["id"]) for edge_dict in edges: head = vertex_id_mapping[edge_dict["head_id"]] tail = vertex_id_mapping[edge_dict["tail_id"]] self.get_or_create_edge(head, edge_dict["label"], tail, **edge_dict["properties"]) def dump(self, file_handler): data = { "vertices": [], "edges": [], "constraints": [], } for vertex in self.vertices: data["vertices"].append(vertex.as_dict()) for edge in self.edges: data["edges"].append(edge.as_dict()) for label, key in self.get_vertex_constraints(): data["constraints"].append({"label": label, "key": key}) json.dump(data, file_handler, indent=4, sort_keys=True) def add_vertex_constraint(self, label, key): self._vconstraints[label][key] = set() def get_vertex_constraints(self): constraints = [] for label in self._vconstraints: for key in self._vconstraints[label]: constraints.append((label, key)) return constraints def bind_to_graph(self, entity): if isinstance(entity, interfaces.IVertex): entity.ident = self._id_tracker.get_vertex_id() elif isinstance(entity, interfaces.IEdge): entity.ident = self._id_tracker.get_edge_id() else: raise interfaces.UnknownEntityError( "Unknown entity {0!r}".format(entity)) entity.graph = self def get_or_create_vertex(self, label=None, **kwargs): if not label and not kwargs: return None # first check constraints. if label in self._vconstraints: for key, collection in self._vconstraints[label].items(): if key not in kwargs: continue for vertex in collection: if vertex.properties[key] == kwargs[key]: return vertex # no matches in constraints, so do a EntitySet filter vertices = self.vertices.filter(label, **kwargs) if len(vertices) > 1: raise interfaces.MultipleFoundExpectedOne( "Multiple vertices found when one expected.") elif len(vertices) == 1: return vertices.all()[0] return self.add_vertex(label, **kwargs) def get_or_create_edge(self, head, label, tail, **kwargs): if isinstance(head, tuple): head = self.get_or_create_vertex(head[0], **head[1]) if isinstance(tail, tuple): tail = self.get_or_create_vertex(tail[0], **tail[1]) # There can only a single edge between head and tail with a # particular label. So there is not point filtering for # properties. indexed_edge = self._econstraints.get((head, label, tail)) if indexed_edge: return indexed_edge return self.add_edge(head, label, tail, **kwargs) def append_edge(self, edge): head = edge.head tail = edge.tail self.append_vertex(head) self.append_vertex(tail) if edge.graph is not None and edge.graph is not self: raise interfaces.DatabaseException( "Can not append edge {} which is already bound to " "anther graph instance.".format(edge)) if edge in self: return edge if edge.ident is not None: raise interfaces.EntityIDError( "Edge {} already has it identity number set.".format(edge)) self._edge_constraint_violated(edge) self._econstraints[(head, edge.label, tail)] = edge self.bind_to_graph(edge) self.edges.add(edge) head.out_edges.add(edge) tail.in_edges.add(edge) return edge def append_vertex(self, vertex): if vertex.graph is not None and vertex.graph is not self: raise interfaces.DatabaseException( "Can not append vertex {} which is already bound to " "anther graph instance.".format(vertex)) if vertex in self: return vertex if vertex.ident is not None: raise interfaces.EntityIDError( "Vertex {} already has it identity number set.".format(vertex)) self._vertex_constraint_violated(vertex) if vertex.label in self._vconstraints: for key in self._vconstraints[vertex.label]: if key in vertex.properties: self._vconstraints[vertex.label][key].add(vertex) self.bind_to_graph(vertex) self.vertices.add(vertex) return vertex def add_edge(self, head, label, tail, **kwargs): edge = self._eclass(head, label, tail, **kwargs) return self.append_edge(edge) def add_vertex(self, label=None, **kwargs): vertex = self._vclass(label=label, **kwargs) return self.append_vertex(vertex) def _vertex_constraint_violated(self, vertex, **kwargs): """ Check if the given vertex violates any of the constraints. :param vertex: vertex that you are checking for constraint violations. :type vertex: :class:`~.IVertex` :param kwargs: Additional properties. :type kwargs: :class:`dict` :raises ConstraintViolation: Raised if you a constraint violation has been found. """ key_index = self._vconstraints.get(vertex.label, {}) # first check the entity properties for constraint violations # Then check any additional properties for constraint violations. # Additional properties are for cases like `.set_property` for props in [vertex.properties, kwargs]: for key, value in props.items(): if key not in key_index: continue for indexed_entity in key_index[key]: if indexed_entity != vertex: if indexed_entity.properties[key] == value: raise interfaces.ConstraintViolation( "{!r} violated constraint {!r}".format( vertex, key)) # todo: add in property constraint violation checks for edges def _edge_constraint_violated(self, edge): """ Check if the given edge violates any of the constraints. :param edge: Edge that you are checking for constraint violations. :type edge: :class:`~.IEdge` :raises ConstraintViolation: Raised if you a constraint violation has been found. """ if (edge.head, edge.label, edge.tail) in self._econstraints: raise interfaces.ConstraintViolation( "Duplicate {0!r} edges between head {1!r} and tail {2!r} " "is not allowed".format( edge.label, edge.head, edge.tail, )) def set_property(self, entity, **kwargs): if entity not in self: raise interfaces.UnknownEntityError( "Unknown entity {0!r}".format(entity)) if isinstance(entity, interfaces.IVertex): self._vertex_constraint_violated(entity, **kwargs) self.vertices.update_index(entity, **kwargs) if isinstance(entity, interfaces.IEdge): # edge property constraints are not supported at this stage. # todo: enable once edge property constraints are added. # self._edge_constraint_violated(entity) self.edges.update_index(entity, **kwargs) entity._update_properties(kwargs) # pylint: disable=protected-access def get_edge(self, id_num): return self.edges.get(id_num) def get_vertex(self, id_num): return self.vertices.get(id_num) def get_edges(self, head=None, label=None, tail=None, **kwargs): if head is None and tail is None: return self.edges.filter(label, **kwargs) container = EntitySet() for edge in self.edges.filter(label, **kwargs): if head and tail is None: if edge.head == head: container.add(edge) elif tail and head is None: if edge.tail == tail: container.add(edge) else: if edge.head == head and edge.tail == tail: container.add(edge) return container def get_vertices(self, label=None, **kwargs): return self.vertices.filter(label, **kwargs) def remove_edge(self, edge): edge.head.remove_edge(edge) edge.tail.remove_edge(edge) self.edges.remove(edge) def remove_vertex(self, vertex): if len(vertex.get_both_edges()) > 0: raise interfaces.VertexBoundByEdges( "Vertex {0!r} is still bound to another vertex " "by an edge. First remove all the edges on the vertex and " "then remove it again.".format(vertex)) self.vertices.remove(vertex) def close(self): # pragma: no cover # Nothing to do for the close at this stage. return def __contains__(self, entity): is_vertex = isinstance(entity, interfaces.IVertex) is_edge = isinstance(entity, interfaces.IEdge) if not is_vertex and not is_edge: raise TypeError("Unsupported entity type {0}".format(type(entity))) return entity in self.vertices or entity in self.edges
def setUp(self): super(TestEntitySet, self).setUp() self.container = EntitySet([self.marko, self.josh, self.peter])
class TestEntitySet(base.TestBase): def setUp(self): super(TestEntitySet, self).setUp() self.container = EntitySet([self.marko, self.josh, self.peter]) def test_add(self): self.container.add(self.lop) self.assertEqual( self.container.sorted(key=lambda x: x.ident), sorted([self.marko, self.josh, self.peter, self.lop], key=lambda x: x.ident), ) def test_add_dup_id(self): sue = Vertex("person", name="dup_vertex_id") sue.ident = 0 self.assertRaises(KeyError, self.container.add, sue) def test_add_same_vertex(self): self.container.add(self.marko) self.assertEqual(self.container.sorted(), sorted([self.marko, self.josh, self.peter])) def test_get_labels(self): self.container.add(self.lop) self.assertEqual(sorted(self.container.get_labels()), sorted(["person", "app"])) def test_get_indexes(self): self.assertEqual(sorted(self.container.get_indexes()), sorted([("person", "age"), ("person", "name")])) def test_update_index(self): self.container.update_index(self.marko, surname="Foo") self.assertEqual( sorted(self.container.get_indexes()), sorted([("person", "age"), ("person", "name"), ("person", "surname")]) ) def test_remove(self): self.container.remove(self.marko) self.assertEqual(self.container.sorted(), sorted([self.josh, self.peter])) def test_remove_with_unindexed_property(self): self.marko.properties["unindexed"] = "say what" self.container.remove(self.marko) self.assertEqual(self.container.sorted(), sorted([self.josh, self.peter])) def test_remove_unknown_entity_id(self): sue = Vertex(100, name="sue") self.assertRaises(KeyError, self.container.remove, sue) def test_contains(self): self.assertIn(self.marko, self.container) def test_iter(self): self.assertEqual(self.container.sorted(), sorted([self.marko, self.josh, self.peter])) def test_get(self): self.assertEqual(self.container.get(0), self.marko) def test_get_no_such_entity_with_id(self): self.assertRaises(KeyError, self.container.get, 100) def test_len(self): self.assertEqual(3, len(self.container)) def test_all(self): self.assertEqual( sorted(self.container.all(), key=lambda x: x.ident), sorted([self.marko, self.josh, self.peter], key=lambda x: x.ident), ) def test_sorted(self): self.assertEqual(self.container.sorted(), sorted([self.marko, self.josh, self.peter])) def test_sorted_cmp_key(self): self.assertEqual( self.container.sorted(key=lambda x: x.properties["name"]), sorted([self.marko, self.josh, self.peter], key=lambda x: x.properties["name"]), )