def plot3d(self, ztail=0, zhead=0, **kwds):
"""
Takes 2D plot and places it in 3D.
EXAMPLES::
sage: A = arrow((0,0),(1,1))[0].plot3d()
sage: A.jmol_repr(A.testing_render_params())[0]
'draw line_1 diameter 2 arrow {0.0 0.0 0.0} {1.0 1.0 0.0} '
Note that we had to index the arrow to get the Arrow graphics
primitive. We can also change the height via the plot3d method
of Graphics, but only as a whole::
sage: A = arrow((0,0),(1,1)).plot3d(3)
sage: A.jmol_repr(A.testing_render_params())[0][0]
'draw line_1 diameter 2 arrow {0.0 0.0 3.0} {1.0 1.0 3.0} '
Optional arguments place both the head and tail outside the
`xy`-plane, but at different heights. This must be done on
the graphics primitive obtained by indexing::
sage: A=arrow((0,0),(1,1))[0].plot3d(3,4)
sage: A.jmol_repr(A.testing_render_params())[0]
'draw line_1 diameter 2 arrow {0.0 0.0 3.0} {1.0 1.0 4.0} '
"""
from sage.plot.plot3d.shapes2 import line3d
options = self._plot3d_options()
options.update(kwds)
return line3d([(self.xtail, self.ytail, ztail), (self.xhead, self.yhead, zhead)], arrow_head=True, **options)
def plot3d(self, z=0, **kwds):
"""
Returns a 3D plot (Jmol) of the Bezier path. Since a ``BezierPath``
primitive contains only `x,y` coordinates, the path will be drawn in
some plane (default is `z=0`). To create a Bezier path with nonzero
(and nonidentical) `z` coordinates in the path and control points, use
the function :func:`~sage.plot.plot3d.shapes2.bezier3d` instead of
:func:`bezier_path`.
EXAMPLES::
sage: b = bezier_path([[(0,0),(0,1),(1,0)]])
sage: A = b.plot3d()
sage: B = b.plot3d(z=2)
sage: A+B
::
sage: bezier3d([[(0,0,0),(1,0,0),(0,1,0),(0,1,1)]])
"""
from sage.plot.plot3d.shapes2 import bezier3d
options = self._plot3d_options()
options.update(kwds)
return bezier3d([[(x, y, 0) for x, y in self.path[i]]
for i in range(len(self.path))], **options)
def plot3d(self, ztail=0, zhead=0, **kwds):
"""
Takes 2D plot and places it in 3D.
EXAMPLES::
sage: A = arrow((0,0),(1,1))[0].plot3d()
sage: A.jmol_repr(A.testing_render_params())[0]
'draw line_1 diameter 2 arrow {0.0 0.0 0.0} {1.0 1.0 0.0} '
Note that we had to index the arrow to get the Arrow graphics
primitive. We can also change the height via the :meth:`Graphics.plot3d`
method, but only as a whole::
sage: A = arrow((0,0),(1,1)).plot3d(3)
sage: A.jmol_repr(A.testing_render_params())[0][0]
'draw line_1 diameter 2 arrow {0.0 0.0 3.0} {1.0 1.0 3.0} '
Optional arguments place both the head and tail outside the
`xy`-plane, but at different heights. This must be done on
the graphics primitive obtained by indexing::
sage: A=arrow((0,0),(1,1))[0].plot3d(3,4)
sage: A.jmol_repr(A.testing_render_params())[0]
'draw line_1 diameter 2 arrow {0.0 0.0 3.0} {1.0 1.0 4.0} '
"""
from sage.plot.plot3d.shapes2 import line3d
options = self._plot3d_options()
options.update(kwds)
return line3d([(self.xtail, self.ytail, ztail),
(self.xhead, self.yhead, zhead)],
arrow_head=True,
**options)
def plot3d(self, z=0, **kwds):
"""
Plots a 2D polygon in 3D, with default height zero.
INPUT:
- ``z`` - optional 3D height above `xy`-plane, or a list of
heights corresponding to the list of 2D polygon points.
EXAMPLES:
A pentagon::
sage: polygon([(cos(t), sin(t)) for t in srange(0, 2*pi, 2*pi/5)]).plot3d()
Graphics3d Object
Showing behavior of the optional parameter z::
sage: P = polygon([(0,0), (1,2), (0,1), (-1,2)])
sage: p = P[0]; p
Polygon defined by 4 points
sage: q = p.plot3d()
sage: q.obj_repr(q.testing_render_params())[2]
['v 0 0 0', 'v 1 2 0', 'v 0 1 0', 'v -1 2 0']
sage: r = p.plot3d(z=3)
sage: r.obj_repr(r.testing_render_params())[2]
['v 0 0 3', 'v 1 2 3', 'v 0 1 3', 'v -1 2 3']
sage: s = p.plot3d(z=[0,1,2,3])
sage: s.obj_repr(s.testing_render_params())[2]
['v 0 0 0', 'v 1 2 1', 'v 0 1 2', 'v -1 2 3']
TESTS:
Heights passed as a list should have same length as
number of points::
sage: P = polygon([(0,0), (1,2), (0,1), (-1,2)])
sage: p = P[0]
sage: q = p.plot3d(z=[2,-2])
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: Incorrect number of heights given
"""
from sage.plot.plot3d.index_face_set import IndexFaceSet
options = self._plot3d_options()
options.update(kwds)
zdata = []
if isinstance(z, list):
zdata = z
else:
zdata = [z] * len(self.xdata)
if len(zdata) == len(self.xdata):
return IndexFaceSet(
[[(x, y, z)
for x, y, z in zip(self.xdata, self.ydata, zdata)]],
**options)
else:
raise ValueError('Incorrect number of heights given')
def plot3d(self, z=0, **kwds):
"""
Plots a 2D polygon in 3D, with default height zero.
INPUT:
- ``z`` - optional 3D height above `xy`-plane, or a list of
heights corresponding to the list of 2D polygon points.
EXAMPLES:
A pentagon::
sage: polygon([(cos(t), sin(t)) for t in srange(0, 2*pi, 2*pi/5)]).plot3d()
Graphics3d Object
Showing behavior of the optional parameter z::
sage: P = polygon([(0,0), (1,2), (0,1), (-1,2)])
sage: p = P[0]; p
Polygon defined by 4 points
sage: q = p.plot3d()
sage: q.obj_repr(q.testing_render_params())[2]
['v 0 0 0', 'v 1 2 0', 'v 0 1 0', 'v -1 2 0']
sage: r = p.plot3d(z=3)
sage: r.obj_repr(r.testing_render_params())[2]
['v 0 0 3', 'v 1 2 3', 'v 0 1 3', 'v -1 2 3']
sage: s = p.plot3d(z=[0,1,2,3])
sage: s.obj_repr(s.testing_render_params())[2]
['v 0 0 0', 'v 1 2 1', 'v 0 1 2', 'v -1 2 3']
TESTS:
Heights passed as a list should have same length as
number of points::
sage: P = polygon([(0,0), (1,2), (0,1), (-1,2)])
sage: p = P[0]
sage: q = p.plot3d(z=[2,-2])
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: Incorrect number of heights given
"""
from sage.plot.plot3d.index_face_set import IndexFaceSet
options = self._plot3d_options()
options.update(kwds)
zdata=[]
if isinstance(z, list):
zdata=z
else:
zdata=[z]*len(self.xdata)
if len(zdata)==len(self.xdata):
return IndexFaceSet([[(x, y, z) for x, y, z in zip(self.xdata, self.ydata, zdata)]], **options)
else:
raise ValueError('Incorrect number of heights given')
def plot3d(self, z=0, **kwds):
"""
Plots a 2D line in 3D, with default height zero.
EXAMPLES::
sage: E = EllipticCurve('37a').plot(thickness=5).plot3d()
sage: F = EllipticCurve('37a').plot(thickness=5).plot3d(z=2)
sage: E + F # long time (5s on sage.math, 2012)
"""
from sage.plot.plot3d.shapes2 import line3d
options = self._plot3d_options()
options.update(kwds)
return line3d([(x, y, z) for x, y in zip(self.xdata, self.ydata)], **options)
def plot3d(self, z=0, **kwds):
"""
Plots a 2D line in 3D, with default height zero.
EXAMPLES::
sage: E = EllipticCurve('37a').plot(thickness=5).plot3d()
sage: F = EllipticCurve('37a').plot(thickness=5).plot3d(z=2)
sage: E + F # long time (5s on sage.math, 2012)
"""
from sage.plot.plot3d.shapes2 import line3d
options = self._plot3d_options()
options.update(kwds)
return line3d([(x, y, z) for x, y in zip(self.xdata, self.ydata)], **options)
def plot3d(self, **kwds):
"""
Plots 2D text in 3D.
EXAMPLES::
sage: T = text("ABC",(1,1))
sage: t = T[0]
sage: s=t.plot3d()
sage: s.jmol_repr(s.testing_render_params())[0][2]
'label "ABC"'
sage: s._trans
(1.0, 1.0, 0)
"""
from sage.plot.plot3d.shapes2 import text3d
options = self._plot3d_options()
options.update(kwds)
return text3d(self.string, (self.x, self.y, 0), **options)
def plot3d(self, **kwds):
"""
Plots 2D text in 3D.
EXAMPLES::
sage: T = text("ABC",(1,1))
sage: t = T[0]
sage: s=t.plot3d()
sage: s.jmol_repr(s.testing_render_params())[0][2]
'label "ABC"'
sage: s._trans
(1.0, 1.0, 0)
"""
from sage.plot.plot3d.shapes2 import text3d
options = self._plot3d_options()
options.update(kwds)
return text3d(self.string, (self.x, self.y, 0), **options)
def plot3d(self, z=0, **kwds):
"""
Returns a 3D plot (Jmol) of the Bezier path. Since a ``BezierPath``
primitive contains only `x,y` coordinates, the path will be drawn in
some plane (default is `z=0`). To create a Bezier path with nonzero
(and nonidentical) `z` coordinates in the path and control points, use
the function :func:`~sage.plot.plot3d.shapes2.bezier3d` instead of
:func:`bezier_path`.
EXAMPLES::
sage: b = bezier_path([[(0,0),(0,1),(1,0)]])
sage: A = b.plot3d()
sage: B = b.plot3d(z=2)
sage: A + B
Graphics3d Object
.. PLOT::
b = bezier_path([[(0,0),(0,1),(1,0)]])
A = b.plot3d()
B = b.plot3d(z=2)
sphinx_plot(A + B)
::
sage: bezier3d([[(0,0,0),(1,0,0),(0,1,0),(0,1,1)]])
Graphics3d Object
.. PLOT::
sphinx_plot(bezier3d([[(0,0,0),(1,0,0),(0,1,0),(0,1,1)]]))
"""
from sage.plot.plot3d.shapes2 import bezier3d
options = self._plot3d_options()
options.update(kwds)
return bezier3d([[(x,y,0) for x,y in self.path[i]] for i in range(len(self.path))], **options)
def plot3d(self, z=0, **kwds):
"""
Plots a two-dimensional point in 3-D, with default height zero.
INPUT:
- ``z`` - optional 3D height above `xy`-plane. May be a list
if self is a list of points.
EXAMPLES:
One point::
sage: A=point((1,1))
sage: a=A[0];a
Point set defined by 1 point(s)
sage: b=a.plot3d()
One point with a height::
sage: A=point((1,1))
sage: a=A[0];a
Point set defined by 1 point(s)
sage: b=a.plot3d(z=3)
sage: b.loc[2]
3.0
Multiple points::
sage: P=point([(0,0), (1,1)])
sage: p=P[0]; p
Point set defined by 2 point(s)
sage: q=p.plot3d(size=22)
Multiple points with different heights::
sage: P=point([(0,0), (1,1)])
sage: p=P[0]
sage: q=p.plot3d(z=[2,3])
sage: q.all[0].loc[2]
2.0
sage: q.all[1].loc[2]
3.0
Note that keywords passed must be valid point3d options::
sage: A=point((1,1),size=22)
sage: a=A[0];a
Point set defined by 1 point(s)
sage: b=a.plot3d()
sage: b.size
22
sage: b=a.plot3d(pointsize=23) # only 2D valid option
sage: b.size
22
sage: b=a.plot3d(size=23) # correct keyword
sage: b.size
23
TESTS:
Heights passed as a list should have same length as
number of points::
sage: P=point([(0,0), (1,1), (2,3)])
sage: p=P[0]
sage: q=p.plot3d(z=2)
sage: q.all[1].loc[2]
2.0
sage: q=p.plot3d(z=[2,-2])
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: Incorrect number of heights given
"""
from sage.plot.plot3d.base import Graphics3dGroup
from sage.plot.plot3d.shapes2 import point3d
options = self._plot3d_options()
options.update(kwds)
zdata = []
if isinstance(z, list):
zdata = z
else:
zdata = [z] * len(self.xdata)
if len(zdata) == len(self.xdata):
all = [
point3d(list(zip(self.xdata, self.ydata, zdata)), **options)
]
if len(all) == 1:
return all[0]
else:
return Graphics3dGroup(all)
else:
raise ValueError('Incorrect number of heights given')
def plot(self, **kwds):
"""
Returns a graphics object representing the (di)graph.
INPUT:
The options accepted by this method are to be found in the documentation
of the :mod:`sage.graphs.graph_plot` module, and the
:meth:`~sage.plot.graphics.Graphics.show` method.
.. NOTE::
See :mod:`the module's documentation <sage.graphs.graph_plot>` for
information on default values of this method.
We can specify some pretty precise plotting of familiar graphs::
sage: from math import sin, cos, pi
sage: P = graphs.PetersenGraph()
sage: d = {'#FF0000':[0,5], '#FF9900':[1,6], '#FFFF00':[2,7], '#00FF00':[3,8], '#0000FF':[4,9]}
sage: pos_dict = {}
sage: for i in range(5):
... x = float(cos(pi/2 + ((2*pi)/5)*i))
... y = float(sin(pi/2 + ((2*pi)/5)*i))
... pos_dict[i] = [x,y]
...
sage: for i in range(10)[5:]:
... x = float(0.5*cos(pi/2 + ((2*pi)/5)*i))
... y = float(0.5*sin(pi/2 + ((2*pi)/5)*i))
... pos_dict[i] = [x,y]
...
sage: pl = P.graphplot(pos=pos_dict, vertex_colors=d)
sage: pl.show()
Here are some more common graphs with typical options::
sage: C = graphs.CubeGraph(8)
sage: P = C.graphplot(vertex_labels=False, vertex_size=0, graph_border=True)
sage: P.show()
sage: G = graphs.HeawoodGraph().copy(sparse=True)
sage: for u,v,l in G.edges():
... G.set_edge_label(u,v,'(' + str(u) + ',' + str(v) + ')')
sage: G.graphplot(edge_labels=True).show()
The options for plotting also work with directed graphs::
sage: D = DiGraph( { 0: [1, 10, 19], 1: [8, 2], 2: [3, 6], 3: [19, 4], 4: [17, 5], 5: [6, 15], 6: [7], 7: [8, 14], 8: [9], 9: [10, 13], 10: [11], 11: [12, 18], 12: [16, 13], 13: [14], 14: [15], 15: [16], 16: [17], 17: [18], 18: [19], 19: []})
sage: for u,v,l in D.edges():
... D.set_edge_label(u,v,'(' + str(u) + ',' + str(v) + ')')
sage: D.graphplot(edge_labels=True, layout='circular').show()
This example shows off the coloring of edges::
sage: from sage.plot.colors import rainbow
sage: C = graphs.CubeGraph(5)
sage: R = rainbow(5)
sage: edge_colors = {}
sage: for i in range(5):
... edge_colors[R[i]] = []
sage: for u,v,l in C.edges():
... for i in range(5):
... if u[i] != v[i]:
... edge_colors[R[i]].append((u,v,l))
sage: C.graphplot(vertex_labels=False, vertex_size=0, edge_colors=edge_colors).show()
With the ``partition`` option, we can separate out same-color groups
of vertices::
sage: D = graphs.DodecahedralGraph()
sage: Pi = [[6,5,15,14,7],[16,13,8,2,4],[12,17,9,3,1],[0,19,18,10,11]]
sage: D.show(partition=Pi)
Loops are also plotted correctly::
sage: G = graphs.PetersenGraph()
sage: G.allow_loops(True)
sage: G.add_edge(0,0)
sage: G.show()
::
sage: D = DiGraph({0:[0,1], 1:[2], 2:[3]}, loops=True)
sage: D.show()
sage: D.show(edge_colors={(0,1,0):[(0,1,None),(1,2,None)],(0,0,0):[(2,3,None)]})
More options::
sage: pos = {0:[0.0, 1.5], 1:[-0.8, 0.3], 2:[-0.6, -0.8], 3:[0.6, -0.8], 4:[0.8, 0.3]}
sage: g = Graph({0:[1], 1:[2], 2:[3], 3:[4], 4:[0]})
sage: g.graphplot(pos=pos, layout='spring', iterations=0).plot()
Graphics object consisting of 11 graphics primitives
sage: G = Graph()
sage: P = G.graphplot().plot()
sage: P.axes()
False
sage: G = DiGraph()
sage: P = G.graphplot().plot()
sage: P.axes()
False
We can plot multiple graphs::
sage: T = list(graphs.trees(7))
sage: t = T[3]
sage: t.graphplot(heights={0:[0], 1:[4,5,1], 2:[2], 3:[3,6]}).plot()
Graphics object consisting of 14 graphics primitives
::
sage: T = list(graphs.trees(7))
sage: t = T[3]
sage: t.graphplot(heights={0:[0], 1:[4,5,1], 2:[2], 3:[3,6]}).plot()
Graphics object consisting of 14 graphics primitives
sage: t.set_edge_label(0,1,-7)
sage: t.set_edge_label(0,5,3)
sage: t.set_edge_label(0,5,99)
sage: t.set_edge_label(1,2,1000)
sage: t.set_edge_label(3,2,'spam')
sage: t.set_edge_label(2,6,3/2)
sage: t.set_edge_label(0,4,66)
sage: t.graphplot(heights={0:[0], 1:[4,5,1], 2:[2], 3:[3,6]}, edge_labels=True).plot()
Graphics object consisting of 20 graphics primitives
::
sage: T = list(graphs.trees(7))
sage: t = T[3]
sage: t.graphplot(layout='tree').show()
The tree layout is also useful::
sage: t = DiGraph('JCC???@A??GO??CO??GO??')
sage: t.graphplot(layout='tree', tree_root=0, tree_orientation="up").show()
More examples::
sage: D = DiGraph({0:[1,2,3], 2:[1,4], 3:[0]})
sage: D.graphplot().show()
sage: D = DiGraph(multiedges=True, sparse=True)
sage: for i in range(5):
... D.add_edge((i,i+1,'a'))
... D.add_edge((i,i-1,'b'))
sage: D.graphplot(edge_labels=True,edge_colors=D._color_by_label()).plot()
Graphics object consisting of 34 graphics primitives
sage: g = Graph({}, loops=True, multiedges=True, sparse=True)
sage: g.add_edges([(0,0,'a'),(0,0,'b'),(0,1,'c'),(0,1,'d'),
... (0,1,'e'),(0,1,'f'),(0,1,'f'),(2,1,'g'),(2,2,'h')])
sage: g.graphplot(edge_labels=True, color_by_label=True, edge_style='dashed').plot()
Graphics object consisting of 22 graphics primitives
The ``edge_style`` option may be provided in the short format too::
sage: g.graphplot(edge_labels=True, color_by_label=True, edge_style='--').plot()
Graphics object consisting of 22 graphics primitives
TESTS:
Make sure that show options work with plot also::
sage: g = Graph({})
sage: g.plot(title='empty graph', axes=True)
Graphics object consisting of 0 graphics primitives
Check for invalid inputs::
sage: p = graphs.PetersenGraph().plot(egabrag='garbage')
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: Invalid input 'egabrag=garbage'
Make sure that no graphics primitive is clipped::
sage: tadpole = Graph({0:[0,1]}).plot()
sage: bbox = tadpole.get_minmax_data()
sage: for part in tadpole:
....: part_bbox = part.get_minmax_data()
....: assert bbox['xmin'] <= part_bbox['xmin'] <= part_bbox['xmax'] <= bbox['xmax']
....: assert bbox['ymin'] <= part_bbox['ymin'] <= part_bbox['ymax'] <= bbox['ymax']
"""
G = Graphics()
options = self._options.copy()
options.update(kwds)
G._set_extra_kwds(Graphics._extract_kwds_for_show(options))
# Check the arguments
for o in options:
if o not in graphplot_options and o not in G._extra_kwds:
raise ValueError("Invalid input '{}={}'".format(o, options[o]))
for comp in self._plot_components.values():
if not isinstance(comp, list):
G += comp
else:
for item in comp:
G += item
if self._options['graph_border']:
xmin = G.xmin()
xmax = G.xmax()
ymin = G.ymin()
ymax = G.ymax()
dx = (xmax - xmin) / 10.0
dy = (ymax - ymin) / 10.0
border = (line([(xmin - dx, ymin - dy), (xmin - dx, ymax + dy),
(xmax + dx, ymax + dy), (xmax + dx, ymin - dy),
(xmin - dx, ymin - dy)],
thickness=1.3))
border.axes_range(xmin=(xmin - dx),
xmax=(xmax + dx),
ymin=(ymin - dy),
ymax=(ymax + dy))
G += border
G.set_aspect_ratio(1)
G.axes(False)
return G
def plot3d(self, z=0, **kwds):
"""
Plots a two-dimensional point in 3-D, with default height zero.
INPUT:
- ``z`` - optional 3D height above `xy`-plane. May be a list
if self is a list of points.
EXAMPLES:
One point::
sage: A=point((1,1))
sage: a=A[0];a
Point set defined by 1 point(s)
sage: b=a.plot3d()
One point with a height::
sage: A=point((1,1))
sage: a=A[0];a
Point set defined by 1 point(s)
sage: b=a.plot3d(z=3)
sage: b.loc[2]
3.0
Multiple points::
sage: P=point([(0,0), (1,1)])
sage: p=P[0]; p
Point set defined by 2 point(s)
sage: q=p.plot3d(size=22)
Multiple points with different heights::
sage: P=point([(0,0), (1,1)])
sage: p=P[0]
sage: q=p.plot3d(z=[2,3])
sage: q.all[0].loc[2]
2.0
sage: q.all[1].loc[2]
3.0
Note that keywords passed must be valid point3d options::
sage: A=point((1,1),size=22)
sage: a=A[0];a
Point set defined by 1 point(s)
sage: b=a.plot3d()
sage: b.size
22
sage: b=a.plot3d(pointsize=23) # only 2D valid option
sage: b.size
22
sage: b=a.plot3d(size=23) # correct keyword
sage: b.size
23
TESTS:
Heights passed as a list should have same length as
number of points::
sage: P=point([(0,0), (1,1), (2,3)])
sage: p=P[0]
sage: q=p.plot3d(z=2)
sage: q.all[1].loc[2]
2.0
sage: q=p.plot3d(z=[2,-2])
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: Incorrect number of heights given
"""
from sage.plot.plot3d.base import Graphics3dGroup
from sage.plot.plot3d.shapes2 import point3d
options = self._plot3d_options()
options.update(kwds)
zdata=[]
if isinstance(z, list):
zdata=z
else:
zdata=[z]*len(self.xdata)
if len(zdata)==len(self.xdata):
all = [point3d([(x, y, z) for x, y, z in zip(self.xdata, self.ydata, zdata)], **options)]
if len(all) == 1:
return all[0]
else:
return Graphics3dGroup(all)
else:
raise ValueError('Incorrect number of heights given')
def plot(self, **kwds):
"""
Returns a graphics object representing the (di)graph.
INPUT:
The options accepted by this method are to be found in the documentation
of the :mod:`sage.graphs.graph_plot` module, and the
:meth:`~sage.plot.graphics.Graphics.show` method.
.. NOTE::
See :mod:`the module's documentation <sage.graphs.graph_plot>` for
information on default values of this method.
We can specify some pretty precise plotting of familiar graphs::
sage: from math import sin, cos, pi
sage: P = graphs.PetersenGraph()
sage: d = {'#FF0000':[0,5], '#FF9900':[1,6], '#FFFF00':[2,7], '#00FF00':[3,8], '#0000FF':[4,9]}
sage: pos_dict = {}
sage: for i in range(5):
... x = float(cos(pi/2 + ((2*pi)/5)*i))
... y = float(sin(pi/2 + ((2*pi)/5)*i))
... pos_dict[i] = [x,y]
...
sage: for i in range(10)[5:]:
... x = float(0.5*cos(pi/2 + ((2*pi)/5)*i))
... y = float(0.5*sin(pi/2 + ((2*pi)/5)*i))
... pos_dict[i] = [x,y]
...
sage: pl = P.graphplot(pos=pos_dict, vertex_colors=d)
sage: pl.show()
Here are some more common graphs with typical options::
sage: C = graphs.CubeGraph(8)
sage: P = C.graphplot(vertex_labels=False, vertex_size=0, graph_border=True)
sage: P.show()
sage: G = graphs.HeawoodGraph().copy(sparse=True)
sage: for u,v,l in G.edges():
... G.set_edge_label(u,v,'(' + str(u) + ',' + str(v) + ')')
sage: G.graphplot(edge_labels=True).show()
The options for plotting also work with directed graphs::
sage: D = DiGraph( { 0: [1, 10, 19], 1: [8, 2], 2: [3, 6], 3: [19, 4], 4: [17, 5], 5: [6, 15], 6: [7], 7: [8, 14], 8: [9], 9: [10, 13], 10: [11], 11: [12, 18], 12: [16, 13], 13: [14], 14: [15], 15: [16], 16: [17], 17: [18], 18: [19], 19: []})
sage: for u,v,l in D.edges():
... D.set_edge_label(u,v,'(' + str(u) + ',' + str(v) + ')')
sage: D.graphplot(edge_labels=True, layout='circular').show()
This example shows off the coloring of edges::
sage: from sage.plot.colors import rainbow
sage: C = graphs.CubeGraph(5)
sage: R = rainbow(5)
sage: edge_colors = {}
sage: for i in range(5):
... edge_colors[R[i]] = []
sage: for u,v,l in C.edges():
... for i in range(5):
... if u[i] != v[i]:
... edge_colors[R[i]].append((u,v,l))
sage: C.graphplot(vertex_labels=False, vertex_size=0, edge_colors=edge_colors).show()
With the ``partition`` option, we can separate out same-color groups
of vertices::
sage: D = graphs.DodecahedralGraph()
sage: Pi = [[6,5,15,14,7],[16,13,8,2,4],[12,17,9,3,1],[0,19,18,10,11]]
sage: D.show(partition=Pi)
Loops are also plotted correctly::
sage: G = graphs.PetersenGraph()
sage: G.allow_loops(True)
sage: G.add_edge(0,0)
sage: G.show()
::
sage: D = DiGraph({0:[0,1], 1:[2], 2:[3]}, loops=True)
sage: D.show()
sage: D.show(edge_colors={(0,1,0):[(0,1,None),(1,2,None)],(0,0,0):[(2,3,None)]})
More options::
sage: pos = {0:[0.0, 1.5], 1:[-0.8, 0.3], 2:[-0.6, -0.8], 3:[0.6, -0.8], 4:[0.8, 0.3]}
sage: g = Graph({0:[1], 1:[2], 2:[3], 3:[4], 4:[0]})
sage: g.graphplot(pos=pos, layout='spring', iterations=0).plot()
Graphics object consisting of 11 graphics primitives
sage: G = Graph()
sage: P = G.graphplot().plot()
sage: P.axes()
False
sage: G = DiGraph()
sage: P = G.graphplot().plot()
sage: P.axes()
False
We can plot multiple graphs::
sage: T = list(graphs.trees(7))
sage: t = T[3]
sage: t.graphplot(heights={0:[0], 1:[4,5,1], 2:[2], 3:[3,6]}).plot()
Graphics object consisting of 14 graphics primitives
::
sage: T = list(graphs.trees(7))
sage: t = T[3]
sage: t.graphplot(heights={0:[0], 1:[4,5,1], 2:[2], 3:[3,6]}).plot()
Graphics object consisting of 14 graphics primitives
sage: t.set_edge_label(0,1,-7)
sage: t.set_edge_label(0,5,3)
sage: t.set_edge_label(0,5,99)
sage: t.set_edge_label(1,2,1000)
sage: t.set_edge_label(3,2,'spam')
sage: t.set_edge_label(2,6,3/2)
sage: t.set_edge_label(0,4,66)
sage: t.graphplot(heights={0:[0], 1:[4,5,1], 2:[2], 3:[3,6]}, edge_labels=True).plot()
Graphics object consisting of 20 graphics primitives
::
sage: T = list(graphs.trees(7))
sage: t = T[3]
sage: t.graphplot(layout='tree').show()
The tree layout is also useful::
sage: t = DiGraph('JCC???@A??GO??CO??GO??')
sage: t.graphplot(layout='tree', tree_root=0, tree_orientation="up").show()
More examples::
sage: D = DiGraph({0:[1,2,3], 2:[1,4], 3:[0]})
sage: D.graphplot().show()
sage: D = DiGraph(multiedges=True, sparse=True)
sage: for i in range(5):
... D.add_edge((i,i+1,'a'))
... D.add_edge((i,i-1,'b'))
sage: D.graphplot(edge_labels=True,edge_colors=D._color_by_label()).plot()
Graphics object consisting of 34 graphics primitives
sage: g = Graph({}, loops=True, multiedges=True, sparse=True)
sage: g.add_edges([(0,0,'a'),(0,0,'b'),(0,1,'c'),(0,1,'d'),
... (0,1,'e'),(0,1,'f'),(0,1,'f'),(2,1,'g'),(2,2,'h')])
sage: g.graphplot(edge_labels=True, color_by_label=True, edge_style='dashed').plot()
Graphics object consisting of 22 graphics primitives
The ``edge_style`` option may be provided in the short format too::
sage: g.graphplot(edge_labels=True, color_by_label=True, edge_style='--').plot()
Graphics object consisting of 22 graphics primitives
TESTS:
Make sure that show options work with plot also::
sage: g = Graph({})
sage: g.plot(title='empty graph', axes=True)
Graphics object consisting of 0 graphics primitives
Check for invalid inputs::
sage: p = graphs.PetersenGraph().plot(egabrag='garbage')
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: Invalid input 'egabrag=garbage'
Make sure that no graphics primitive is clipped::
sage: tadpole = Graph({0:[0,1]}).plot()
sage: bbox = tadpole.get_minmax_data()
sage: for part in tadpole:
....: part_bbox = part.get_minmax_data()
....: assert bbox['xmin'] <= part_bbox['xmin'] <= part_bbox['xmax'] <= bbox['xmax']
....: assert bbox['ymin'] <= part_bbox['ymin'] <= part_bbox['ymax'] <= bbox['ymax']
"""
G = Graphics()
options = self._options.copy()
options.update(kwds)
G._set_extra_kwds(Graphics._extract_kwds_for_show(options))
# Check the arguments
for o in options:
if o not in graphplot_options and o not in G._extra_kwds:
raise ValueError("Invalid input '{}={}'".format(o, options[o]))
for comp in self._plot_components.values():
if not isinstance(comp, list):
G += comp
else:
for item in comp:
G += item
if self._options['graph_border']:
xmin = G.xmin()
xmax = G.xmax()
ymin = G.ymin()
ymax = G.ymax()
dx = (xmax-xmin)/10.0
dy = (ymax-ymin)/10.0
border = (line([( xmin - dx, ymin - dy), ( xmin - dx, ymax + dy ), ( xmax + dx, ymax + dy ), ( xmax + dx, ymin - dy ), ( xmin - dx, ymin - dy )], thickness=1.3))
border.axes_range(xmin = (xmin - dx), xmax = (xmax + dx), ymin = (ymin - dy), ymax = (ymax + dy))
G += border
G.set_aspect_ratio(1)
G.axes(False)
return G
